Timeline South Sudan
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1955Â Â Â Â Â Â A
rebellion first began in the south, the year before Sudan gained
independence after joint British-Egyptian control. Fighting lasted
until a 1972 peace agreement, which failed to resolve the
fundamental issues. Fighting resumed in the early 1980s and about 2
million people died over the next two decades. The 2005 peace
agreement granted the south autonomy for six years, at the end of
which a referendum on independence was to be held. Rebels in the
western region of Darfur and in the northeast also have rebelled
against the Khartoum-based government, accusing it of concentrating
wealth in the hands of a politically privileged Islamist elite and
ignoring development in outlying regions. U.N. officials say up to
300,000 people have died in Darfur since 2003 and 2.7 million have
been forced from their homes because of the conflict.
   (AP, 1/9/11)
1977Â Â Â Â Â Â The East African Community
(EAC), founded in 1967, collapsed. In 2000 the regional club was
resurrected with six members: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan,
Tanzania and Uganda.
  Â
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_African_Community)(Econ,
6/11/16, p.51)
2000Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 7, The East African
Community (EAC), founded in 1967, was resurrected following its
collapse in 1977. The regional club included six members: Burundi,
Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. In 2005 members
agreed on a customs union and in 2010 they agreed on a common
market.
  Â
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_African_Community)(Econ,
6/11/16, p.51)
2006Â Â Â Â Â Â Dave Eggers authored “What
Is the What: The Autobiography of Achak Deng.” Deng, a Sudanese
“lost boy,” managed to escape to Ethiopia and work his way to Kenya
and ultimately America in 2001. Eggers’ novel is based on interviews
with Deng. In 2010 Deng returned to his home in Marial Bai, South
Sudan.
   (SSFC, 12/24/06, p.M1)(Econ, 2/5/11, p.58)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 9, In Sudan millions
of jubilant south Sudanese started voting in an independence
referendum expected to see their war-ravaged region emerge as
Africa’s 54th sovereign state. Khartoum's government was expected to
lose a third of its land, nearly a quarter of its population and
much of its main moneymaker, oil. Armed Arab nomads clashed with
tribespeople in the disputed Abyei region for the third day leaving
20 people dead. At least 36 people were reported dead in clashes
over the last three days between tribespeople and Arab nomads near
Sudan's north- south border.
   (Reuters, 1/9/11)(Reuters, 1/9/11)(AP,
1/10/11)(Econ, 1/8/11, p.11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 9, South Sudan
journalist Nhial Bol published the first edition of The Citizen
newspaper to mark the referendum that paved the way for South
Sudan's full independence six months later. In 2015 Bol quit
journalism following death threats.
   (AFP, 9/10/15)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 10, Thousands of south
Sudanese poured out to vote for a second straight day in a landmark
independence referendum, bringing the region a step closer to
becoming the world's newest state. Former US President Jimmy Carter
told CNN that Sudan's President Omar Hassan al-Bashir offered to
take on all of the country's crippling debt if the south declares
independence after a referendum.
   (AFP, 1/10/11)(Reuters, 1/10/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 13, South Sudan's
independence vote cleared two major hurdles after former president
Jimmy Carter gave the poll his endorsement and organizers said high
turnout meant the result would be binding. Former US president Jimmy
Carter said that Khartoum wants all of Sudan's $39-billion debt
forgiven, saying he had erred in earlier saying it was ready to
assume the south's share.
   (Reuters, 1/13/11)(AFP, 1/13/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 15, In South Sudan
voters began celebrating after the end of a weeklong independence
referendum.
   (AP, 1/15/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 16, Southern Sudan's
Pres. Salva Kiir offered a prayer of forgiveness for northern Sudan
and the killings that occurred during a two-decade civil war, as the
first results from a weeklong independence referendum showed an
overwhelming vote for secession.
   (AP, 1/16/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 18, South Sudan
appealed for investors to plough $140 million into its war-hit
wildlife parks, seeking to kick-start a tourism industry and wean
itself off oil months ahead of its expected independence.
   (Reuters, 1/18/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 23, South Sudan’s
referendum commission's website said provisional results from the
referendum showed that almost 99 percent of voters have chosen
independence, after 98.7 percent of the votes had been counted.
Turnout exceeded 100 percent in several areas, and a top election
official said that some results were being quarantined.
   (AP, 1/23/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 30, Sudan’s government
welcomed the preliminary results of the southern Sudan referendum
but said there was a "huge amount" to do before it becomes an
independent nation. Southern Sudan's referendum commission said
close to 99 percent of south Sudanese chose to secede from the north
in the landmark January 9-15 referendum.
   (AFP, 1/30/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 4, In Sudan two days
of fighting in Malakal, a flashpoint town near the north-south
border, has killed nine people, including a UN staff member.
   (AP, 2/4/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 5, In South Sudan a
rebellion by former pro-Khartoum militiamen against giving up their
heavy weapons sparked clashes in oil-producing Upper Nile state.
Fighting in Malakal close to the border with the north, has killed
20 people and wounded at least 24. Soldiers in north Sudan's army
fought each other, killing at least 30 in a dispute over who gets to
keep the artillery they are holding in Southern Sudan. The fighting
took place in two towns in Upper Nile state. 11 soldiers were killed
in Paloich and 19 in Melut.
   (AP, 2/5/11)(AP, 2/6/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 7, Sudan's Pres. Omar
al-Bashir accepted a southern vote for independence in a referendum
that is set to create Africa's newest state and open up a fresh
period of uncertainty in the increasingly volatile region. The final
results of the historic independence referendum showed that 98.83
percent had voted for secession.
   (Reuters, 2/7/11)(AFP, 2/8/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 9, A south Sudanese
minister, Jimmy Lemi Milla, and his bodyguard were shot dead in Juba
in a revenge killing by the minister's brother-in-law. At least 16
people died when rebels attacked troops in troubled Jonglei state,
breaking a ceasefire signed last month.
   (AFP, 2/9/11)(AFP, 2/10/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 10, The fighting in
Southern Sudan between the region's army and a rebel faction left
105 people dead, including 39 civilians, 24 southern soldiers and
police officers and 42 rebels. Rebel commander George Athor's troops
captured Fangak a day earlier, and the fighting continued today
until the southern military retook it. Rebel troops attacked the
town of Phom el-Zeraf over two days. Women and children ran for
their lives — straight into a river, where many drowned or were shot
to death. Some 240 people, mostly civilians, were killed.
   (AP, 2/11/11)(SFC, 2/12/11, p.A3)(AP,
3/11/11)(http://tinyurl.com/4bsgaep)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 12, In Sudan hundreds
of civilians sought refuge at a UN compound in the contested town of
Abyei following a spate of violence that killed three people from
north Sudan.
   (AP, 2/14/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 15, A senior South
Sudan official said more than 200 people died in a rebel attack in
south Sudan's troubled Jonglei state last week, nearly double an
earlier death toll. Some 20,000 people were displaced by the
fighting.
   (AFP, 2/15/11)(AFP, 2/17/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 16, In South Sudan a
one-day meeting began in Juba between leaders of all the south’s
parties, the start of a consultation process to draw up a
constitution for the new nation. South Sudan's ruling party accused
northern authorities of arming rebels since the region's landmark
independence vote last month, including renegade troops behind
clashes that killed more than 200 people last week.
   (AFP, 2/16/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 27, In Sudan at least
10 people died when a militia attacked a police post in the disputed
area of Abyei. The fertile area is claimed by both north and south
Sudan and is near several large oil fields.
   (AP, 2/28/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 1, In Sudan fresh
clashes broke out in the Abyei region between gunmen from the
northern-supported nomadic Arab Misseriya people and local the Ngok
Dinka tribe, who backed the south.
   (AP, 3/2/11)(Econ, 5/28/11, p.54)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 2, In Sudan at least
70 people were killed and two villages razed in two days of fighting
in the flashpoint oil-producing border district of Abyei.
   (AFP, 3/2/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 6, In South Sudan
clashes began between government soldiers and a rebel group in the
village of Owachi. More than 60 people, mostly civilians, were
killed over 2 days. More than 7,000 others were displaced. Soldiers
from Southern Sudan's government fired indiscriminately at civilians
and burned and looted homes in Upper Nile state, near the
north-south border.
   (AP, 4/20/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 12, South Sudan's
ruling party said it has suspended talks with Khartoum after
uncovering a plot overseen by President Omar al-Bashir to topple it
ahead of southern independence in July. Renegotiating a revenue
sharing formula was one of the various issued that Juba and Khartoum
were trying to resolve ahead of July. A pre-dawn rebel attack on the
capital of south Sudan's oil-rich Upper Nile state killed 11 people,
with the army battling to regain control of Malakal. The rebel group
that launched the attack was commanded by a man called Ulony, whose
men fought with the SPLA in Owach, west of Malakal, earlier this
week.
   (AFP, 3/12/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 13, A top Southern
Sudanese official said Southern Sudan is suspending talks and
diplomatic contact with northern Sudan over claims that the northern
government is funding militias in the south.
   (AP, 3/13/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 17, South Sudan's army
fought heavy battles with militia in the oil-producing Unity state.
At least 59 soldiers and militiamen were killed and dozens wounded
in clashes between the South Sudan army and local militia groups in
three oil-producing states.
   (Reuters, 3/17/11)(Reuters, 3/18/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 23, South Sudan's army
(SPLA) accused the north of bombing its territory, violating a 2005
peace deal ahead of the oil-producing region's independence.
   (Reuters, 3/23/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 5, In South Sudan 13
people died in tribal violence. The governor of Western Equatoria,
Joseph Bangasi Bakosoro, later said gunmen attacked his village
while authorities from the two states were meeting to find ways of
ending hostilities between the communities.
   (AP, 4/7/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 7, Northern Sudanese
Armed Forces have deployed two Mi-24 helicopter gunships and at
least nine T-55 tanks about 60 miles (100 km) from Abyei's border
according to the US-based Satellite Sentinel Project.
   (AP, 4/7/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 13, The UN said that
more than 800 people have been killed and 94,000 displaced because
of violence in Southern Sudan this year. A top official warned of a
humanitarian crisis if the violence continues. A militia aligned
with the northern government reportedly attacked el-Feid and the
nearby village of Um Barmbita in the Nuba Mountains of southern
Kordofan state. Attackers burned between 300 to 500 houses and
reportedly killed more than 20 people, including women and children.
   (AP, 4/13/11)(AP, 4/20/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 21, Rebels in south
Sudan's oil-rich Unity state continued for a third day to attack
southern army positions.
   (AP, 4/21/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 23, In South Sudan
clashes broke out in the Canal area of northern Jonglei state as
thousands of civilians fled fighting between rebels and south
Sudan's army in oil-producing Unity state. In northern Jonglei state
57 gunmen led by Gabriel Tang were killed in a shoot-out with SPLA
troops, before fleeing into the surrounding bush,
   (AP, 4/23/11)(AFP, 4/24/11)(AFP, 4/25/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 24, South Sudan’s
Brig. Malaak Ayuen, the head of the Southern Sudan's Army
Information Department, said at least 115 people have died in
violence between government forces and a rebel militia in Southern
Sudan this week. Militia chief Gabriel Tang and around 1,300 of his
men surrendered peacefully.
   (AP, 4/24/11)(AP, 4/25/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 25, South Sudan’s army
said at least 165 people have been killed in the past week in
fighting between its army and militia. The UN said more than 800
civilians have been killed since January.
   (AP, 4/25/11)(SFC, 4/26/11, p.A2)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 28, Sudan’s President
Omar al-Bashir warned that Khartoum will not recognize the new state
of south Sudan when it declares independence in July if it insists
on claiming the disputed Abyei region.
   (AFP, 4/28/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 1, In Sudan tribal
clashes over a land dispute in the oil-producing state of South
Kordofan left at least 15 people dead. A heavily armed Sudanese
military convoy entered the flashpoint border district of Abyei,
sparking clashes that left up to 14 people dead. Neither the
northern or southern armies are authorized to maintain troops in the
disputed Abyei area.
   (AFP, 5/2/11)(AFP, 5/3/11)(AP, 5/4/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 7, In South Sudan
militiamen, under the leadership of Philip Bepan, attacked the
southern Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) in Unity state. They
were chased away and went to Warrap state, where they attacked
cattle camps the next day.
   (AFP, 5/10/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 8, North and south
Sudan agreed to start withdrawing unauthorized troops from the
flashpoint Abyei border region, a week after clashes there left 14
people dead. The pullout would begin May 10 and be completed within
a week.
   (AFP, 5/9/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 8, In Southern Sudan
rebels attacked cattle herders. 38 militia were killed in the
village of Nadiet. SPLA spokesman Philip Aguer said 34 of those
killed were civilians.
   (AP, 5/10/11)(AP, 5/12/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 9, In Southern Sudan
46 militia were killed in fighting in Kuei Koi. Most of the
dead killed over the last 2 days were rebels loyal to Peter Gadet, a
formerly high-ranking army officer who launched his own rebel group.
   (AP, 5/11/11)(AP, 5/12/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 10, In South Sudan 4
UN peacekeepers from Zambia were shot and wounded while on patrol in
Abyei.
   (SFC, 5/11/11, p.A2)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 15, Sudan said the
northern ruling party won an election for governor in South
Kordofan, the north's main oil state, after a vote the south said
was rigged, creating a fresh flashpoint before the south secedes in
July.
   (Reuters, 5/15/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 19, In Sudan a UN
convoy transporting 200 northern army troops was attacked as they
were pulling out of the contested region of Abyei along the
north-south border. Sudan's army spokesman said northern troops were
ambushed by the southern army and suffered "huge losses." A
spokesman for the south's Sudan Peoples' Liberation Army (SPLA) said
the northern forces provoked the fighting in at attempt to seize the
disputed area. 70 northern troops were killed and more than 120
others were missing.
   (AP, 5/20/11)(AP, 5/24/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 21, Southern Sudan's
army said the northern army is bombing by air for a second day in
the border hotspot of Abyei. Local officials said at least six
rebels and soldiers have been killed in clashes between the southern
army and rebels over the last 24 hours in Unity state. Northern
Sudanese forces with tanks occupied the disputed town of Abyei,
scattering southern troops that were there as part of a joint
security unit.
   (AP, 5/21/11)(AP, 5/22/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 22, Northern Sudanese
troops seized control of most of Abyei district on Sudan's
north-south border as the south accused Khartoum of an "illegal
invasion" that threatens the lives of thousands.
   (AFP, 5/22/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 23, In Sudan armed men
burned and looted the flashpoint town of Abyei. Southern Sudan's
military said the northern army is moving to carry out a "full-scale
war" in the contested region. Angry Sudanese rallied in the southern
capital of Juba, demanding northern forces end their "invasion" of
the contested Abyei region.
   (AP, 5/23/11)(AFP, 5/23/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 24, In Sudan gunmen
from an Arab tribe fired on four UN helicopters taking off from
Abyei a disputed border town at the heart of a new north-south
conflict.
   (AP, 5/25/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 25, Sudan's president
gave northern troops a "green light" to attack southern forces if
provoked. President Barack Obama, speaking at a news conference in
London, called for the rapid reinforcement of UN peacekeeping troops
in the Abyei region, from which tens of thousands of civilians have
fled over the last week.
   (AP, 5/25/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 26, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir called on north Sudan to withdraw its forces
from the disputed Abyei region. He also said there would be no war
over the incursion and it would not derail independence.
   (Reuters, 5/26/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 28, South Sudan's vice
president flew to Khartoum on a mission to "ease tensions" over
Abyei, one week after northern troops overran the contested border
region.
   (AFP, 5/28/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 28, Sudan’s Suna news
agency said Khartoum has ordered the official termination of the
UN's north-south peacekeeping mission on July 9, the date the south
is to declare full independence following a referendum.
   (AFP, 5/29/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 29, In South Sudan a
week of fighting subsided near water points in Jonglei state with at
least 68 people killed. Nuer tribesmen allegedly attacked the area
and drove off with more than 100,000 cattle owned by the Murle.
   (AP, 5/2/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 29, Advocacy group
Satellite Sentinel Project said new satellite images provide
evidence that northern Sudanese troops have committed war crimes,
including ethnic cleansing, in the contested border town of Abyei
where forces rolled in on May 21. Save the Children's U.K. office
said the conflict has displaced up to 35,000 children in the Abyei
region.
   (AP, 5/29/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â May 31, The African Union
said representatives from north and south Sudan have agreed to set
up a demilitarized zone along their shared border, ten days after
the north seized the disputed Abyei region.
   (Reuters, 5/31/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 3, The UN Security
Council demanded that Sudan withdraw troops from Abyei and stop
looting and attacks in the region disputed with rival southern
Sudan.
   (AP, 6/4/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 8, In Sudan an
eyewitness allegedly saw 100 bodies or more put into a pit in
Southern Kordofan state, where the Arab military has been targeting
a black ethnic minority loyal to the military of the newly
independent Republic of South Sudan. On July 14 the Satellite
Sentinel Project released images showing what appeared to be freshly
dug grave sites in Southern Kordofan state. In August satellite
imagery revealed the existence more mass graves, bringing the total
number of mass graves sited there to eight.
   (AP, 7/14/11)(AP, 8/24/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 9, In Sudan fighting
resumed for a 5th day along the north-south order.
   (SFC, 6/10/11, p.A2)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 16, The Sudanese army
said it will continue to fight by all available means to stop the
rebellion in South Kordofan, as concern grew over the humanitarian
impact of the conflict. Aid workers and a UN report said fighting
has erupted along a new front near the internal border between north
and south Sudan with dozens of people reported killed.
   (AFP, 6/16/11)(AP, 6/16/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 17, The army of north
Sudan shelled a town just south of the flashpoint Abyei border
region, with tensions rising along the frontier just weeks before
southern independence. Satellite images showed northern Sudanese
military vehicles including heavy transports and artillery massing
in the capital of the conflict-stricken Southern Kordofan state.
   (AFP, 6/17/11)(Reuters, 6/19/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 20, Rival north and
south Sudan signed a deal to demilitarize their disputed frontier
region of Abyei and let in an Ethiopian peacekeeping force. Sudanese
intelligence agents were said to have posed as Red Crescent workers
and ordered some 7000 civilians to leave a UN camp in Kadugli,
Southern Kordofan. The IFRC launched an investigation but found no
evidence that its emblem was misused.
   (AP, 6/21/11)(AP, 6/23/11)(AP, 6/28/11)(AP,
7/15/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 25, A South Sudanese
officials said 8 members of a militia tied to the northern
government were killed during an attack on Turalei. 3 South Sudanese
soldiers were also killed.
   (SSFC, 6/26/11, p.A2)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 27, The UN Security
Council ordered a 4,200-strong Ethiopian peacekeeping force to Abyei
to monitor the withdrawal of northern Sudanese troops who occupied
the disputed border region on May 21.
   (AFP, 6/29/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 29, North and south
Sudan agreed to create a demilitarized buffer zone along their
common border just days before the country splits.
   (AFP, 6/29/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun, In South Sudan some
400 Murle tribesmen were killed in Pibor county by the Lou Nuer
group.
   (Econ, 9/10/11, p.53)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 2, Sudan’s northern
army carried out cross-border air strikes that killed three
civilians and wounded 17 in south Sudan's oil-producing Unity state
just a week before independence.
   (AFP, 7/3/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 4, North and south
Sudan agreed to continue negotiating outstanding issues between the
two sides after southern independence on July 9.
   (AFP, 7/5/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 9, South Sudan raised
the flag of its new nation for the first time, as thousands of South
Sudanese citizens and dozens of international dignitaries swarmed
the new country capital of Juba to celebrate the country's birth.
Salva Kiir was sworn in as South Sudan's president. South Sudan
expected to become the 193rd country recognized by the United
Nations next week and the 54th UN member state in Africa.
   (AP, 7/9/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 13, Sudan's parliament
passed a law cancelling the Sudanese nationality of southerners,
four days after their homeland proclaimed formal independence from
the north.
   (AFP, 7/13/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 14, South Sudan became
the newest and 193rd member of the United Nations, as it was
welcomed into the world's top club amid pledges to help one of the
planet's poorest states take its first steps.
   (AFP, 7/15/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 14, The Satellite
Sentinel Project released images showing what appear to be freshly
dug sites in Southern Kordofan state, where Sudan's Arab military
has been targeting a black ethnic minority loyal to the military of
the newly independent Republic of South Sudan. The group said that
an eyewitness reported seeing 100 bodies or more put into one of the
pits on June 8.
   (AP, 7/14/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 23, In South Sudan
rebel leader Gatluak Gai was shot and killed by his own men in
oil-rich Unity state days after he signed a peace deal to integrate
his forces into the southern army.
   (AP, 7/23/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 24, Sudan launched a
new currency, six days after the newly independent south did so amid
fears of a currency war, but the central bank said it was ready to
negotiate with Juba on the old money.
   (AFP, 7/24/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 25, A Southern
Sudanese official said northern Sudan has declared "economic war" by
violating an agreement and issuing a new currency just weeks after
the two countries split. He said the north had agreed not to issue a
new currency until six months after the south did. The move will
cost the southern government at least $700 million.
   (AP, 7/25/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 27, It was reported
that the price of a cow in Juba, South Sudan, has risen to between
$375 and $560. The price for a bride ranged from 150 cows to 400.
   (SFC, 7/25/11, p.D2)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 28, South Sudan became
the 54th member of the African Union (AU) after it received a
majority vote from member states, including one from Sudan.
   (AFP, 7/28/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 4, A group of South
Sudanese rebels formerly linked to militia leader Peter Gadet, who
agreed to a ceasefire this week, accused him of taking government
bribes and rejected the peace deal. The splinter faction (SSLM/A)
disowned his accord with the government, adding that it had not
affected the group, which remained with 780 officers and a force of
5,000.
   (AFP, 8/4/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 5, Sudan’s foreign
ministry said it has blocked a shipment of southern oil after Juba
refused to pay customs fees, escalating a row between the two sides,
with the south accusing Khartoum of sabotaging its economy. The ship
was released the next day but negotiations over transit fees
remained stalled.
   (AFP, 8/5/11)(AFP, 8/6/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 9, China’s Foreign
Minister Yang Jiechi ended a two-day visit to Khartoum and headed
for Juba, the capital of South Sudan, in the first trip by a senior
Chinese official to the world's newest nation.
   (AP, 8/9/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 15, The United Nations
called for a thorough probe into alleged war crimes and crimes
against humanity committed in Sudan's South Kordofan region between
June 5-30, shortly before the nation formally separated into two
countries.
   (AP, 8/15/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 18, In South Sudan 125
people were killed in a cattle raid during which tribesmen stole
2,000 cattle in the country's east. 8 villages were destroyed when
warriors from the Murle tribe in Pidor county attacked the Lou-Nuer
tribe of Uror county. On Aug 22 the numbers rose to at least 600
people killed and up to 985 people injured in the clashes. The UN
later said over 25,000 cows were stolen in the attack.
   (AP, 8/21/11)(AFP, 8/22/11)(AFP, 9/28/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 19, In South Sudan
fighters loyal to rebel leader George Athor crossed the border from
north Sudan and attacked a town in Upper Nile state. The violence
left 60 people dead, including seven soldiers and 53 militia
members. Soldiers managed to repel the attackers.
   (AP, 8/21/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 20, In South Sudan
Human Rights' representative Benedict Sannoh was severely beaten at
his hotel in Juba. Sannoh, a Liberian, had refused to allow police
to search his room and possessions before the assault. He was
hospitalized for five days and received medical treatment outside
the country.
   (AP, 8/26/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 1, South Sudan
completed the swift circulation of its new currency, a move matched
by Khartoum, but strengthening the south's formal independence from
the north less than two months ago.
   (AFP, 9/1/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 2, South Sudan’s
government decided to relocate its capital from Juba to a more
central location in Ramciel, Lakes state. The new capital will have
to be built from scratch.
   (AFP, 9/4/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 8, The governments of
the rival Sudans struck a new agreement to withdraw their troops
from the flashpoint border region of Abyei where UN forces are now
in place. They agreed that between September 11 and 30 there is
going to be a redeployment or withdrawal of the troops" from Abyei
by both sides.
   (AFP, 9/8/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 16, The UNHCR warned
that more than 8,000 people have fled violence in Sudan's South
Kordofan state to South Sudan and more are expected to arrive.
   (AFP, 9/16/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 19, Sudan's official
news agency said Sudan and its newest neighbor, breakaway South
Sudan, have signed their first agreement since their split in July.
The accord sets out 10 crossing points between the two nations for
people and goods.
   (AP, 9/19/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 23, The Satellite
Sentinel Project said images from Sudan show heavily camouflaged
military equipment and several thousand troops moving south toward
the rebel stronghold of Kurmuk in Blue Nile state. The group said
the force appears to be equipped with tanks, artillery and infantry
fighting vehicles.
   (AP, 9/23/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 28, South Sudan UN
Rep. Hilde F. Johnson said hundreds of millions of dollars meant for
South Sudan's government have been wired to private bank accounts
abroad. She called such acts unacceptable. President Salva Kiir
announced at UN headquarters that steps were being taken to end
impunity for perpetrators.
   (AP, 9/28/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 30, Sudan failed to
meet an agreed troop withdrawal deadline for the contested Abyei
region and blocked the return of displaced southern residents.
   (AFP, 9/31/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 8, South Sudanese
President Salva Kiir led the first top-level delegation to Khartoum
since southern secession. After one-to-one talks both presidents
pledged to work together for peace and stability, and to put the
years of conflict behind them.
   (AFP, 10/8/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 9, In South Sudan an
anti-tank mine reportedly blew up a civilian bus killing 20 people,
including four children, in central Unity state.
   (AFP, 10/13/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 29, In South Sudan
about 80 people, including 15 civilians and 60 rebels, were killed
when government forces in the oil-rich Unity state repelled an
attack by rebel militia, most of them fighting under the banner of
the South Sudan Liberation Army (SSLA). Among the dead was the
notorious rebel fighter Colonel Ruadheal Gatwech.
   (AFP, 10/29/11)(AFP, 10/30/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 1, Japan approved a
plan to send a unit of ground troops to South Sudan as part of a UN
nation-building force, where they are expected to help construct
infrastructure for the fledgling nation.
   (AFP, 11/1/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 10, Military aircraft
from Sudan crossed the new international border with South Sudan and
dropped bombs in and around a camp filled with refugees fleeing
violence in the north. At least 12 people were killed. The violence
in and near the Yida refugee camp, located 10 miles (15 km) south of
the border, came one day after bombings were reported in another
region of South Sudan. A cross-border attack by Sudanese troops on a
military base left 18 fighters dead and 73 wounded.
   (AP, 11/10/11)(AFP, 11/11/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 12, Global aid
organization Oxfam said it has withdrawn 22 staff from South Sudan's
Upper Nile state because of escalating violence along the newly
independent country's tense border with the north.
   (AFP, 11/13/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 17, Sudan’s government
blocked South Sudanese oil exports through its Red Sea port due to a
dispute over transit fees. The pipeline was not been shut down, but
the south was not being allowed to ship its oil cargo out of Port
Sudan.
   (AFP, 11/28/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 18, Amnesty
International reported that South Sudan has released two journalists
without charge who were detained for weeks for criticising President
Salva Kiir’s family. Ngor Garang, editor-in-chief of Destiny
newspaper, and reporter Dengdit Ayok were arrested in Juba at the
beginning of this month after Ayok wrote an opinion article accusing
the president of "staining his patriotism" by allowing his daughter
to marry an Ethiopian man.
   (AFP, 11/19/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 20, South Sudan rebel
chief George Athor vowed to continue battling the government in Juba
and demanded new elections to end his bloody war.
   (AFP, 11/20/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 30, Sudan said it will
take 23% of the south's vital oil exports as payment in kind, after
talks in Addis Ababa failed, but will not block Juba's exports.
Sudan was looking to charge the south $36 per barrel for the use of
its oil infrastructure, in contrast to a southern offer of 70 cents.
Southern oil minister Stephen Dhieu Dau rejected the north's fee as
"extortionate."
   (AP, 11/30/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 7, China inserted
itself into the fight over oil between Sudan and its former
territory South Sudan, sending a special envoy to try to break a
deadlock between two rivals who often appear on the brink of renewed
conflict.
   (AP, 12/7/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 11, In South Sudan
suspected rebels under the command of renegade general George Athor
attacked Atar town, in Pigi county, killing 9 people, while another
raid cost the lives of two people in Kapat, near the state capital
Bor.
   (AFP, 12/12/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 19, South Sudanese
rebel chief George Athor was killed in a clash with soldiers of the
newly independent nation.
   (AFP, 12/20/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 25, In South Sudan a
group calling itself the Nuer Youth White Army issued a statement
vowing to "wipe out the entire Murle tribe on the face of the earth
as the only solution to guarantee long-term security of Nuer's
cattle."
   (AFP, 12/26/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 29, Sudanese air raids
killed 17 people in the South Sudan border state of Western Bahr
al-Ghazal, the second day of stepped-up bombing along the northern
frontier.
   (AFP, 12/29/11)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 31, In South Sudan
some 6,000 Lou Nuer gunmen attacked the Murle tribe at Pibor,
torching huts and looting a hospital, and only withdrew after
government troops opened fire. Over 3,000 people were killed in the
brutal massacres that forced tens of thousands to flee.
   (AFP, 1/6/12)
2011Â Â Â Â Â Â South Sudan’s population
was estimated at 8-14 million.
   (Econ, 2/5/11, p.57)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 7, In Sudan aerial
bombing reportedly left 16 villagers and five government troops dead
near the South Sudanese frontier. Rebels later said more bombing the
next day around Al-Buram killed another seven civilians.
   (AFP, 1/14/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 9, In South Sudan
Jonglei state governor, Kuol Manyang Juuk, said that Murle fighters
had burned down three villages, killed at least 24 people and
wounded 20 over the last 24 hours with fighting still ongoing.
   (AP, 1/9/12)(AFP, 1/9/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 12, In South Sudan
hundreds of armed attackers from Murle ethnic group that suffered a
devastating assault last month charged into three Lou Nuer villages,
burned them to the ground and killed 57 people.
   (AP, 1/13/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 13, South Sudan signed
its first oil deals with foreign nations since it won independence
last July, inking agreements with Chinese, Indian and Malaysian
firms.
   (AFP, 1/13/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 14, The Sudanese
military denied bombing civilians in a Jan 7-8 operation which
rebels said left 16 villagers and five government troops dead near
the South Sudanese frontier.
   (AFP, 1/14/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 16, In South Sudan
members of the Murle community attacked a Lou Nuer community called
Duk Padiet in Jonglei state. 47 people were killed.
   (AP, 1/17/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 20, South Sudan
ordered the shutdown of oil production that provides some 98 percent
of its revenue, amid a deepening row with Khartoum over pipeline
fees. Shutting down production would not be immediate, and that
South Sudanese President Salva Kiir would meet with Sudanese
President Omar al-Bashir before it was stopped.
   (AFP, 1/20/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 23, South Sudanese
President Salva Kiir accused Sudan of stealing $815 million of the
crude oil that makes up the new nation's economic lifeblood, as it
began a production shutdown in protest. At least one Sudanese
refugee boy was injured and 14 others left missing following an air
raid in South Sudan.
   (AFP, 1/23/12)(AFP, 1/24/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 28, Sudan agreed to
free ships with South Sudanese oil as a goodwill gesture to ease
negotiations aimed at resolving a furious row over pipeline transit
fees.
   (AFP, 1/28/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 28, In South Sudan a
Nuer tribe from Unity state attacked a Dinka community in
neighboring Warrap state. 70 people were reported killed and
attackers took more than 4,000 cattle. On Jan 30 South Sudan accused
its former foes in the Khartoum government of arming gunmen who
killed over 40 people in the cattle raid.
   (AP, 1/30/12)(AFP, 1/30/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 29, Sudan released
three oil tankers held in a dispute with breakaway South Sudan,
which has accused Khartoum of theft.
   (AFP, 1/30/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 31, Israel's Interior
Ministry said some 7,000 people from South Sudan must leave or face
deportation. Spokeswoman Sabine Haddad said the South Sudanese will
be offered voluntary deportation and around $1,300. After March 31
they will be deported.
   (AP, 1/31/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 12, Sudan and
breakaway South Sudan agreed to cooperate in the transfer of more
than 300,000 people to the South. The deal allowed South Sudanese to
choose where they want to live and set an April 8 deadline for
500,000 people to go back to their homeland or to "normalize" their
stay in Sudan.
   (AFP, 2/12/12)(AP, 2/14/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 15, South Sudan said
Khartoum's decision to stop the return of hundreds of thousands of
Southerners by barge on the White Nile was a looming disaster, and
that alternative means were untenable.
   (AFP, 2/15/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 18, It was reported
that more than 3,000 children in northern Uganda are suffering from
a debilitating mystery ailment known as nodding disease. For several
years, scientists have tried and failed to determine the cause of
the illness. Scientists did not know if the disease is linked to
similar outbreaks in neighboring South Sudan and Tanzania.
   (AFP, 2/18/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 22, South Sudan said
it has expelled the Chinese head of the country's largest oil firm
Petrodar, a China-Malaysia-owned company, on charges of colluding
with former civil war foe Sudan to "steal" millions of barrels of
its oil.
   (AFP, 2/22/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 22, The top US special
operations commander for Africa said US troops helping in the
fight against a brutal rebel group called the Lord's Resistance Army
are now deployed in four Central African countries: Uganda, Congo,
South Sudan and Central African Republic.
   (AP, 2/23/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 27, South Sudan signed
a ceasefire with the largest of several rebel groups which threaten
the stability of the world's newest nation. The agreement was with
the former rebels of George Athor, in which they agreed to the
amnesty laid down by President Salva Kiir. Athor was killed by
government forces last December.
   (AFP, 2/28/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 1, South Sudan
officials said Sudanese fighter jets have bombed oil and water wells
deep inside South Sudan and its ground troops have crossed into
contested oil-rich border regions. Khartoum swiftly denied the
claims.
   (AFP, 3/1/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 5, A marketing
campaign was launched by the Ugandan advocacy group Invisible
Children (www.kony2012.com) to vastly increase awareness about
Joseph Kony, a jungle militia leader wanted for atrocities by the
International Criminal Court and hunted by 100 US Special Forces
advisers and local troops. His Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) was
operating in Congo, the Central African Republic and South Sudan.
   (AP, 3/8/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 6, Talks between Sudan
and South Sudan resumed in the Ethiopian capital to resolve a
furious oil dispute as tensions remain high between the two nations.
   (AFP, 3/6/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 10, In South Sudan
some 100,000 cows were stolen over the last 2 days as cattle raiders
from the Murle community in Jonglei state attacked the ethnic Lou
Nuer living in neighboring Upper Nile state. The ethnic clashes over
cattle rustling killed more than 200 people, and hundreds more were
abducted.
   (AFP, 3/12/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 26, Sudan and South
Sudan clashed in the disputed border town of Jau, prompting Sudan to
cancel Pres. al-Bashir's trip to meet with South Sudan President
Salva Kiir next week.
   (AP, 3/27/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 27, South Sudan said
Sudan's military bombed oil fields in the town of Bentiu.
   (AP, 3/27/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar, South Sudan’s
People's Liberation Army, tasked with carrying out a disarmament
campaign among feuding ethnic groups, embarked on a disarmament
campaign. By the end of May more than 10,000 weapons were taken. Aid
groups and community members later alleged that the SPLA was killing
and torturing members of the Murle, who appear to be ostracized by
most other tribes in South Sudan in part because they received
military support from leaders in Khartoum.
   (AP, 5/24/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 1, In Ethiopia African
Union mediators redoubled their efforts to kickstart crisis talks
between Sudan and South Sudan after fresh fighting that Khartoum
accuses Juba of backing.
   (AFP, 4/1/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 4, South Sudan said it
shot down a Sudanese fighter jet after two military planes dropped
bombs around its oil fields, but Sudan denied it had lost such an
aircraft.
   (AP, 4/4/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 9, Airlines cancelled
flights from Sudan to the newly independent South, after new rules
treating the route as international took effect.
   (AFP, 4/9/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 10, South Sudanese
troops moved into Heglig, an oil-rich border town claimed by Sudan,
as fighting intensified between the countries over who controls the
area.
   (AFP, 4/11/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 11, Sudan and South
Sudan ordered mass civilian mobilizations for defense as their
armies battled along their contested border, raising the specter of
a return to all-out war.
   (AFP, 4/11/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 12, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir rejected calls to pull out from contested
border regions, but said he did not want war with Khartoum. Sudanese
war planes dropped five bombs at dawn targeting a strategic bridge
on the edge of Bentiu, the capital of the oil-producing Unity border
state.
   (AFP, 4/12/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 15, The first batch of
Sudanese prisoners of war captured in days of bloody fighting
arrived in the South Sudanese capital, as the South's army said
clashes continued in contested border regions. A Sudanese division
raided Mugum, killed 25 rebels and seized a large quantity of
weapons and equipment.
   (AFP, 4/15/12)(AP, 4/16/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 16, Sudan's parliament
voted unanimously to brand the government of South Sudan an enemy,
after southern troops invaded the north's main oilfield. The Sudan
Media Center reported that Sudan's army took control of Mugum, a
stronghold of the southern army in Blue Nile state. Officials said
clashes have spread along the border of Sudan and South Sudan.
Sudan's military bombed an oil well outside Heglig.
   (AFP, 4/16/12)(AP, 4/16/12)(AP, 4/17/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 17, Along the
Sudan-South Sudan border a firefight killed seven South Sudan
soldiers and 15 Sudan soldiers. It reportedly began after a Sudanese
soldier shot a South Sudan soldier who was getting water from the
river.
   (AFP, 4/18/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 19, South Sudan said
it repulsed four attacks from Sudan over a 24-hour period as
fighting on the border showed no signs of slowing. A Sudanese air
raid struck a Heglig oil processing facility, setting it ablaze. A
pipeline was damaged and oil poured into the ground.
   (AP, 4/19/12)(AFP, 4/24/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 20, Sudan said its
forces have retaken the main town in the Heglig oil region 10 days
after South Sudanese troops seized it. The announcement came shortly
after South Sudanese President Salva Kiir ordered the immediate
withdrawal of his troops from Heglig, following intensified global
diplomatic efforts to pull the two nations from the brink of wider
war.
   (AFP, 4/20/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 21, In Sudan a Muslim
mob has set ablaze a Catholic church frequented by Southern Sudanese
in the capital Khartoum.
   (AP, 4/22/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 23, Sudanese President
Omar al-Bashir said there will be no more talks with South Sudan, as
fresh Sudanese air raids drew swift condemnation from the US and
France. Sudanese bombs fell on a key bridge and a market, killing at
least two children in the state capital of Bentiu. Sudan’s armed
forces commander said more than 1,000 South Sudanese troops died
during the battle for the oilfield of Heglig.
   (AFP, 4/23/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 24, South Sudan's
Pres. Salva Kiir, on a visit to Beijing where he met President Hu
Jintao, said his "neighbor in Khartoum has declared war on the
Republic of South Sudan." Kiir accused Sudan of declaring war as
Khartoum's fighter jets bombed border regions in defiance of
international calls for restraint.
   (AFP, 4/24/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 25, South Sudan freed
14 Sudanese prisoners of war as a "goodwill gesture" despite weeks
of fierce fighting along their contested border. South Sudan’s Pres.
Kiir cut short his visit to China amid violence with Sudan, as
Beijing announced plans to send a peace envoy.
   (AFP, 4/25/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 28, South Sudan
government spokesman Barnaba Mariel Benjamin said China has agreed
to loan the country eight billion dollars for infrastructure
development.
   (AFP, 4/28/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 28, Sudan rejected UN
Security Council involvement in efforts to end weeks of border
clashes with South Sudan, which said it repelled an attack by
Khartoum-backed rebels. A Briton, a Norwegian, a South African and a
South Sudanese were captured by Sudanese troops in the oil-rich
region of Heglig. The next day a representative for one of the three
said that they were on a humanitarian mine-clearing mission.
   (AFP, 4/28/12)(AP, 4/29/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â May 2, Sudanese officials
extended the expulsion deadline for thousands of ethnic South
Sudanese encamped south of Khartoum. A UN Security Council
resolution called for Sudan and South Sudan to cease hostilities
along their border, and resume talks to settle unresolved issues.
   (AFP, 5/2/12)(AFP, 5/10/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â May 3, South Sudan
President Salva Kiir, in an appeal for stolen funds to be returned,
wrote a letter to government officials saying corrupt officials have
stolen an estimated $4 billion from the world's newest nation.
   (AFP, 6/5/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â May 7, Sudan's finance
minister told parliament that failure to agree with South Sudan on
oil fees has cost the Sudanese economy $2.4 billion dollars. Sudan
resumed its aerial bombardment of South Sudan, violating
international calls for a cessation of hostilities between the two
countries. Attacks over the next 24 hours took place in the states
of Upper Nile, Unity and Northern Bahr el Ghazal.
   (AFP, 5/7/12)(AFP, 5/9/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â May 9, Sudan offered
African tribesmen in the disputed oil-rich region of Abyei its
citizenship in an effort to woo them to the north. Abyei's fate was
left unresolved when South Sudan split from Sudan. Sudanese armed
forces said they have repulsed an attack by Darfur rebels in Gereida
(Girayda). 9 soldiers and an unknown number of rebels were reported
killed.
   (AFP, 5/9/12)(AP, 5/9/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â May 12, The first group of
ethnic South Sudanese, among up to 15,000 camped in Sudan, began
their journey home ahead of a major airlift to begin May 13.
   (AFP, 5/12/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â May 25, South Sudan’s
military said a disarmament campaign has collected more than 10,000
weapons. Recent raids in Jonglei state prompted the government to
launch its fifth disarmament campaign in six years. Leaders of a
minority community said troops shot and killed a teenager while he
was fishing, linking the death to the military's disarmament
campaign. A member of the Murle community said the bodies of two
other people shot by troops were found, bringing the overall death
toll of Murle during the disarmament campaign to at least 14.
   (AP, 5/25/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â May 28, South Sudan said
Sudanese war planes and artillery have bombarded its territory for
the last 3 days on the eve of peace talks, as Southern officials set
off to attend African Union-led negotiations in Ethiopia.
   (AFP, 5/28/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â May 29, Sudanese troops
withdrew from the disputed territory of Abyei. Top negotiators for
Sudan and South Sudan met in Ethiopia for their first talks since
deadly border fighting last month took them to the brink of war.
   (AFP, 5/29/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â May 31, South Sudan filed
a complaint with the UN over alleged Sudanese attacks. Juba said
attacks numbered more than 100 since November.
   (AFP, 6/1/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 6, In Sudan an
"exceptional" airlift of almost 12,000 South Sudanese ended with a
final flight from Khartoum, but thousands more continue to live in
makeshift conditions while they, too, await transport to the South.
   (AFP, 6/6/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 6, A UN report said
Joseph Kony's Lord Resistance Army has abducted more than 600 child
soldiers and sex slaves over the past two years even as the hunt for
the rebel leader intensifies. At least 591 children, including 268
girls, were reported seized over the same time in Democratic
Republic of Congo, Central African Republic and South Sudan.
   (AFP, 6/6/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 7, In Ethiopia peace
talks between Khartoum and Juba to set up a demilitarized buffer
zone ended with Sudan accusing South Sudan of seeking to create "10
disputed areas."
   (AFP, 6/8/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 7, An Israeli court
cleared the way for the deportation of an estimated 1,500 South
Sudanese, after rejecting a petition against a change in the policy
on illegal migrants from there.
   (AFP, 6/8/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 10, Israeli police
rounded up some 25 immigrants, around a third of them from South
Sudan.
   (AFP, 6/12/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 11, Israeli
authorities rounded up 115 of African migrants slated for
deportation, most of them from South Sudan, as the government weighs
tough penalties against Israelis who help illegal aliens.
   (AFP, 6/11/12)(AFP, 6/12/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 12, Israeli officials
from the Population and Migration Authority said a total of 140
people had been arrested on Jun 10-11, with another 73 picked up in
nationwide raids today. Most of the 213 arrested immigrants were
from South Sudan.
   (AFP, 6/12/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 28, Amnesty
International said both South Sudan's army and rebel groups are
using weapons imported from China, Ukraine and neighboring Sudan in
fighting that has claimed dozens of civilian lives. Amnesty said the
army was using Ukrainian-supplied T-72 battle tanks and that the
rebel SSLA laid Chinese-made anti-vehicle mines and were firing
Sudanese-made ammunition.
   (AFP, 6/28/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun, South Sudan’s
government admitted that it’s missing $4 billion in stolen funds,
about double its annual revenue, since the mostly autonomous
administration was set up in 2005 as part of a US-brokered peace
deal that led to independence in 2011.
   (SFC, 7/27/12, p.A7)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 5, Rivals Sudan and
South Sudan resumed security talks aimed at easing tensions on the
disputed border, after they failed to reach a deal at negotiations
last week.
   (AFP, 7/5/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 7, Sudan and South
Sudan pledged to cease hostilities along their disputed oil-rich
border but stopped short of actually signing an agreement.
   (AFP, 7/7/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 23, Sudan turned down
South Sudan's proposal of a higher oil transit fee and an $8.2
billion financial deal, ruling out any comprehensive settlement of
outstanding issues by the August 2 deadline.
   (AFP, 7/23/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 4, Landlocked South
Sudan said it has a struck a deal with Sudan over the exportation of
oil through Sudan's pipelines. In a statement South Sudan's
government said that it will pay approximately $9.48 a barrel to
transport its fuel through Sudan's pipelines.
   (AP, 8/4/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 15, The UN food agency
staged a rare air drop of food to thousands of desperate refugees in
South Sudan stranded by floods.
   (AFP, 8/16/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 22, In South Sudan 24
soldiers were killed in clashes with a militia group that the
southern government accuses of subverting a disarmament campaign. 12
soldiers remained missing in Jonglei State.
   (AP, 8/27/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 29, Israeli Interior
Minister Eli Yishai warned that illegal immigrants from Sudan who do
not leave the country by October 15 will be detained. Israel began
expelling South Sudanese in June.
   (AFP, 8/29/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 4, Sudan and South
Sudan resumed talks in the Ethiopian capital to resolve outstanding
disputes over oil, border demarcation, security and the Abyei
region.
   (AFP, 9/4/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 26, The leaders of
Sudan and South Sudan reached nine agreements but did not work out
the issues surrounding the contested Abyei region or the demarcation
of their shared border. South Sudan President Salva Kiir said the
two countries would sign a "protocol of collaboration" on Sep 27.
   (AP, 9/26/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 9, Sudan’s military
said rebel shelling has killed 5 women and wounded over 20 near the
border with South Sudan.
   (SFC, 10/10/12, p.A2)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 16, Sudan said that
fighting in two states along its disputed border with South Sudan
has left over 600 people dead over the past 16 months.
   (AP, 10/17/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 18, South Sudan
ordered oil companies to restart production and officials said oil
export could resume in about 90 days, ending a nearly nine-month
shutdown following a dispute with Sudan over borders and oil.
   (AP, 10/18/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 21, In South Sudan an
army official said clashes between troops and Yau Yau rebels have
left at least 16 people dead in Jonglei state.
   (SFC, 11/22/12, p.A2)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 23, A South Sudanese
official said Sudan has carried out aerial bombardments on the
northern part of South Sudan in the last three days, killing seven
people and wounding others, accusing their northern neighbor of
breaking an agreement between the two countries to end hostilities.
   (AP, 11/23/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 11, South Sudan
soldiers were being blamed for the deaths of up to 23 civilians in
two separate regions. The first incident took place in Jonglei state
last week. An official said soldiers rounded up civilians and fired
on the group, killing 13. The UN mission confirmed that nine people
were killed during the two days of violence over the weekend in
Western Equatoria state.
   (AP, 12/11/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 25, Sudan reportedly
launched attacks in the border area with South Sudan killing at
least five people. Antonov warplanes bombed the village of Werguet,
in Northern Bahr el Ghazal state, while ground forces working with
"militiamen" attacked nearby Kiir Adem.
   (AP, 12/27/12)
2012Â Â Â Â Â Â South Sudan’s first major
paved road, from Juba to Nimule, was completed. The cost of paved
roads to connect the cities of the country’s 10 states was later
estimated to cost $7 billion.
   (Econ, 5/4/13, p.47)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 17, South Sudan said
it is withdrawing its troops from a disputed border region with
Sudan so that a demilitarized zone can be established.
   (AP, 1/17/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 19, Officials in
Ethiopia said South Sudan and Sudan have failed to reach an
agreement on security arrangements and oil exports after several
days of talks in Addis Ababa.
   (AP, 1/19/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 27, In South Sudan a
showdown in the middle of the market town of Pibor between rebels
and South Sudan's military led to the deaths of four civilians and
some 2,000 people seeking refuge with the UN.
   (AP, 1/28/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 8, In South Sudan 103
people were killed in Akobo County when one tribe attacked members
of the Lou Nuer ethnic group while cattle were being moved across
land. The attackers were believed to be members of the rebel group
led by David Yau Yau of the Murle ethnic group.
   (AP, 2/10/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 15, The UN said an
outbreak of hepatitis E has killed 111 refugees in camps in South
Sudan since July, and has become endemic in the region.
   (AP, 2/15/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 19, The Sudanese army
said clashes in the country's south near the border with South Sudan
have killed at least 60 rebels.
   (AP, 2/19/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 4, South Sudan troops
killed 28 fighters led by the rebel leader David Yau Yau in the
restive state of Jonglei. Ten soldiers were wounded in the fights.
   (AP, 3/6/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 18, The International
Committee of the Red Cross said more than 60 people have been
wounded in fighting between South Sudan's army and a rebel group
over the last two weeks.
   (AP, 3/19/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 26, In South
Sudan 143 rebels led by David Yau Yau died in a battle between
soldiers and rebels backed by Sudan. 20 soldiers were killed and 70
wounded.
   (AP, 3/28/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 9, In South Sudan
armed rebels that South Sudan believes are backed by Sudan opened
fire on a UN convoy, killing five UN peacekeepers from India and at
least seven civilians.
   (AP, 4/9/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 12, Sudanese President
Omar al-Bashir traveled to South Sudan for the first time since the
south peacefully broke away from Sudan in 2011. The two presidents
agreed to the free movement of people and goods across the border.
   (AP, 4/12/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 12, The Small Arms
Survey, an independent Swiss research group, said Sudan has supplied
weapons and ammunition to rebels fighting neighboring South Sudan's
government.
   (AP, 4/13/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 15, South Sudan’s
government, enraged by recent cattle thefts and resulting deaths,
deployed hundreds of soldiers to hunt down the raiders. But an
official later said the security forces instead indiscriminately
shot and killed civilians and burned down houses and shops and
attacked a hospital, where four medical staff and a patient were
killed.
   (AP, 4/18/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â May 8, South Sudan's
military spokesman says a rebel force under David Yau Yau has
overrun part of Boma, a town in the country's east near the border
with Ethiopia.
   (AP, 5/8/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â May 19, In South Sudan a
battle in Jonglei state killed 20 rebel fighters and 4 government
troops as the army recaptured the town of Boma, near the border with
Ethiopia, from rebels led by David Yau Yau who took over the town
earlier this month.
   (AP, 5/20/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â May 31, A UN official said
more than 23,500 people have fled fighting in South Sudan's Jonglei
state and sought refuge in neighboring countries of Uganda (2.5k),
Kenya (5k) and Ethiopia (16k).
   (AP, 6/1/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 2, In South Sudan
cattle rustlers attacked a village killing 11 people and wounding
eight. More than 50 cattle were reported stolen.
   (AP, 6/3/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 3, The Enough Project,
the Satellite Sentinel Project and two other groups said in a new
report that members of Joseph Kony’s LRA have turned to elephant
poaching in CongoDRC and the CAR and that the militia trades illegal
ivory to acquire food and other supplies. The report also said
elephants of Garamba National Park also are being targeted by
"members of the armed forces of (Congo), South Sudan, Sudan, and
Uganda," citing the concerns of park rangers there.
   (AP, 6/3/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 8, Sudan's President
Omar al-Bashir ordered the closure of pipelines exporting South
Sudanese oil. Al-Bashir said that the move was in response to South
Sudan's funding of rebels fighting his regime.
   (AP, 6/8/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 28, In South Sudan the
government of the central Lakes state ordered the Good News Radio
station to stop broadcasting for three days for "criticizing the
government." Activists said the station had annoyed the government
by questioning the official line on the death of a civilian in jail,
among other critical reports.
   (Reuters, 7/3/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 5, South Sudan accused
Sudan's army of launching two separate attacks with planes and land
troops on areas near their disputed border, in a new sign of
friction between the former civil war foes.
   (Reuters, 7/5/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 14, Toby Lanzer, the
UN humanitarian coordinator in South Sudan, said some 200 civilians
have been wounded in ongoing clashes between rival tribes in Jonglei
state. He urged the central government and local officials to stop
"the cycle of violence" that has killed many people and displaced
thousands.
   (AP, 7/15/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 23, South Sudan media
said President Salva Kiir has sacked his cabinet, the deputy
president and suspended his top negotiator at talks to defuse
tensions with Sudan.
   (Reuters, 7/23/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul, In South Sudan 328
people died in ethnic violence this month. Most of the dead were
women and children from the Murle ethnic community in Jonglei state
according to Jongolei Boyoris, a member of parliament in the Jonglei
State Assembly.
   (AP, 8/8/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 5, A South Sudanese
staff member of Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) was killed and
another wounded in an attack by armed men on their vehicle outside
the country's capital, Juba.
   (Reuters, 8/9/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 5, One Sudanese
soldier was killed in a clash with troops from South Sudan after a
patrol from the south crossed the border.
   (Reuters, 8/5/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 8, In South Sudan
cattle rustlers killed 8 people in Jonglei state. One of the raiders
was also killed.
   (AP, 8/9/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 13, Human Rights Watch
said South Sudan's army has killed almost 100 members of a small
tribe, executing some of them in cold blood, during seven months of
fighting with rebels in Jonglei state.
   (Reuters, 9/13/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 17, In South
Sudan 5 people including four children were killed in a market
when explosives left over from decades of civil war were
accidentally set off on the outskirts of Juba.
   (AFP, 10/17/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 20, In South
Sudan 79 people were killed in attacks on villages in Twic
East county, Jonglei state. Authorities blamed fighters loyal to
anti-government rebel leader David Yau Yau.
   (AP, 10/21/13)(AP, 10/23/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 23, The UN said
xxtreme floods across vast parts of remote and impoverished South
Sudan have affected over 156,000 people.
   (AFP, 10/24/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 25, A South Sudan army
spokesman said ten soldiers were imprisoned for human rights abuses
perpetrated during a 2012 campaign to disarm fighters from warring
communities.
   (AFP, 10/25/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 27, Hundreds of
Sudanese in the disputed border region of Abyei voted in a
referendum that they hope will decide whether they join Sudan or
South Sudan.
   (AP, 10/27/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 15, In South Sudan
violence erupted when the presidential guard attempted to disarm
fellow guard members who belong to the Nuer ethnic group.
   (AP, 12/19/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 16, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir declared a curfew in the capital Juba after
overnight clashes between rival factions of soldiers followed months
of tension between Kiir and his sacked deputy. Kiir said disgruntled
soldiers and politicians led by ousted VP Riek Macha had attempted
to overthrow the government.
   (Reuters, 12/16/13)(AP, 12/16/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 18, South Sudan said
at least 500 people, most of them soldiers, have been killed since
Dec 15. The clashes apparently were pitting soldiers from the
majority Dinka tribe of President Salva Kiir against those from
ousted Vice President Riek Machar's Nuer ethnic group. Fighting
spread to Jonglei, the largest state in South Sudan.
   (AP, 12/18/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 18, In South Sudan
fighting between workers in two oil fields killed at least 16 people
but the government regained in control and oil production was not
affected.
   (Reuters, 12/19/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 19, South Sudan said
that the government no longer controls Bor, the capital of Jonglei,
its largest and most populous state. Two UN peacekeepers from India
were killed and a third wounded when a UN base was overrun by armed
youths in Jonglei State. Two dozen Dinka officials were killed
during the attack in Akobo.
   (AP, 12/19/13)(AP, 12/20/13)(Reuters,
12/20/13)(Econ, 1/4/14, p.36)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 20, The United Nations
says 34,000 people in South Sudan are seeking refuge at UN bases in
three locations across the country.
   (AP, 12/20/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 20, President Barack
Obama said the United States has deployed 45 military personnel to
volatile South Sudan to protect the embassy and US government
employees there.
   (Reuters, 12/20/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 21, In South Sudan
rebel gunfire hit a US military aircraft trying to evacuate American
citizens caught in a Bor, a battle ground between the country's
military and renegade troops. Four US service members were wounded,
one critically.
   (AP, 12/21/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 22, South Sudan's
central government lost control of Bentiu, the capital of key
oil-producing Unity state. Renegade forces loyal to a former deputy
president seized more territory in fighting that has raised fears of
full-blown civil war in the world's newest country.
   (AP, 12/22/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 23, South Sudan's
government said it will start a major offensive to retake two
strategic towns controlled by rebels loyal to former Vice President
Riek Machar, deepening fears that the conflict is provoking broader
ethnic bloodletting. Some 3,000 foreigners were trapped in Bor as
the city experienced bouts of heavy machine gun fire.
   (Reuters, 12/23/13)(AP, 12/23/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 24, The UN office of
the Commissioner for Human Rights said a mass grave believed to
contain the bodies of 75 ethnic Dinka soldiers has been found in
South Sudan. Later the office revised that figure to 34 bodies and
75 people feared missing. The UN mission in South Sudan said the
erroneous report was an inflation of a "skirmish" in which 15 people
were killed. The UN Security Council approved plans to increase
number of peacekeepers in South Sudan to 12,500 troops and
1,323 police.
   (AP, 12/24/13)(Reuters, 12/24/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 25, South Sudan's army
battled rebel forces in Malakal while troops flushed out insurgents
in Bor after its recapture.
   (AFP, 12/25/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 26, In South Sudan
heavy fighting raged in the key oil-producing north. Neighbors Kenya
and Ethiopia said they had made "good progress" in efforts to broker
an end to the civil war.
   (AP, 12/26/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 27, Regional leaders
said South Sudan's government has agreed to end hostilities, at the
end of a crisis summit, raising hopes for a potential breakthrough
in efforts to cease violence that has displaced more than 120,000
people in the world's newest country. An army spokesman said South
Sudanese rebels loyal to former VP Riek Machar have been defeated in
Malakal, the capital of major oil producing Upper Nile state, after
four days of intense fighting.
   (AP, 12/27/13)(Reuters, 12/27/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 28, In South Sudan
some 25,000 young men, who make up a tribal militia known as the
"White Army," began marching on Bor. The youths are from the Lou
Nuer sub-clan — the same tribe as opposition leader former VP Riek
Machar. Nuer community leaders in Jonglei state soon persuaded the
"White Army" fighters to go home.
   (AP, 12/28/13)(AP, 12/29/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 29, South Sudan's army
fought with "White Army" ethnic militia, accusing rebels of
mobilizing the force despite its offer of a truce to end the
conflict in the new country.
   (Reuters, 12/30/13)
2013Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 31, South Sudan's
warring factions agreed to attend peace talks in Ethiopia.
Government troops fought renegade forces loyal to former VP Riek
Machar as well as a pro-Machar tribal militia known as the "White
Army," as rebels tried to retake Bor.
   (AP, 12/31/13)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 1, South Sudanese
President Salva Kiir declared a state of emergency in Unity and
Jonglei states. Negotiators from the two warring sides arrived in
Ethiopia for peace talks.
   (Reuters, 1/1/14)(AP, 1/1/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 2, A South Sudanese
military official says rebels are trying to march on Juba from Bor,
a town under the control of rebel forces. South Sudan's army (SPLA)
advanced towards Bor.
   (AP, 1/2/14)(Reuters, 1/2/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 3, In Ethiopia South
Sudan's warring parties began negotiations to end nearly three weeks
of raging conflict which has left thousands feared dead and taken
the world's youngest nation to the brink of all-out civil war.
Fighting intensified as the army moved on rebel-held Bor.
   (AFP, 1/3/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 4, South Sudan’s rebel
and government sides met mediators from the regional IGAD grouping
in Ethiopia for a second day but did not sit down together.
   (Reuters, 1/4/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 5, Fighting continued
across South Sudan, even as peace talks between the government and
rebels were set to begin in Ethiopia.
   (AFP, 1/5/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 6, China, the biggest
investor in South Sudan's oil industry, called for an immediate
ceasefire in the world's newest state as rebel and government
negotiators haggled over the scope of peace talks meant to end three
weeks of fighting.
   (Reuters, 1/6/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 6, Sudan's President
Omar al-Bashir arrived in Juba calling for an end to three weeks of
fighting in South Sudan as mediators struggled to get peace
negotiations under way in neighboring Ethiopia.
   (AFP, 1/6/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 7, South Sudanese
rebels and a government delegation started face-to-face peace talks
in Ethiopia to try to end fighting that has left the world's newest
state on the brink of civil war.
   (Reuters, 1/7/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 8, South Sudan's
government and rebels were locked in fierce battles across the
country, as peace talks taking place in neighboring Ethiopia
appeared to flounder.
   (AFP, 1/8/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 9, South Sudanese
government forces battled to retake the key rebel-held town of
Bentiu, as thousands of civilians continued to flee fighting and
peace talks appeared deadlocked.
   (AFP, 1/9/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 10, South Sudan said
that government troops retook Bentiu, the capital of Unity state,
after a 2.5-hour battle. Rebels still controlled Bor, a state
capital outside Juba, the country capital.
   (AP, 1/10/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 10, The UN refugee
agency warned that fighting in South Sudan could by April drive more
than half a million people from their homes, doubling the number of
those already affected.
   (AFP, 1/10/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 11, South Sudanese
government troops battled to recapture Bor, the last remaining
rebel-held town.
   (AFP, 1/11/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 11, Three African
envoys of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), a
regional grouping of east African nations that initiated the talks,
met with South Sudanese rebel leader Riek Machar in an effort to
agree the terms of truce, but he turned them down. His demand for
the release of detainees remains a stumbling block to a ceasefire
deal.
   (AP, 1/12/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 12, The UN’s refugee
agency said around 10,000 people have fled north to Sudan from South
Sudan where government troops and rebels have battled for the past
month.
   (AFP, 1/12/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 13, South Sudanese
government troops advanced on Bor, the last state capital still in
rebel hands, as ceasefire talks in neighboring Ethiopia were called
off for the day.
   (AFP, 1/13/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 14, In South Sudan
some 200 people fleeing warfare died after a boat crossing the Nile
River sank, as fighting between rebels and government forces moved
closer to Juba, the national capital.
   (AP, 1/14/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 14, A Ugandan military
spokesman said that Ugandan and South Sudanese army officials are
drafting what he called a "status of forces agreement" that will
soon be signed by both countries after Pres. Kiir requested the
Ugandans to extend their deployment.
   (AP, 1/14/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 15, South Sudan's
military battled rebels in the streets of the key northern oil town
of Malakal, as violence in the world's newest nation entered its
second month.
   (AFP, 1/15/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 15, Uganda confirmed
its troops are fighting alongside South Sudan's government against
rebels.
   (AFP, 1/16/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 16, Human Rights Watch
(HRW) released a report detailing atrocities in South Sudan and
warning that "appalling crimes have been committed against civilians
for no other reason than their ethnicity."
   (AFP, 1/16/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 18, South Sudanese
government forces said they seized the flashpoint town of Bor back
from rebels. Uganda's army claimed credit for the operation.
   (Reuters, 1/18/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 19, South Sudanese
troops fought to win back the key oil town of Malakal from rebels
loyal to sacked vice president Riek Machar.
   (AFP, 1/19/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 20, South Sudan's army
said it has seized back full control of the strategic town of
Malakal, the last major settlement under rebel control.
   (AFP, 1/20/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 21, Uganda said 9 of
its soldiers have been killed and 12 others wounded during a month
fighting in South Sudan, dismissing rebel claims to have killed
scores.
   (AFP, 1/21/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 23, South Sudan's
government and rebels signed a peace deal in Ethiopia aimed at
ending the month-old conflict as fighting continued in oil-rich
Unity state and in Jonglei state.
   (AP, 1/24/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 24, The World Food
Program said looters in South Sudan have stolen UN food aid that
would have fed over 220,000 people for a month.
   (AFP, 1/24/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 25, South Sudan's
government said that rebel fighters had attacked government troops
after the cease-fire had come into force. New satellite images
showed that fighting has resulted in the intentional burning of some
750 homes near the town of Bentiu.
   (AP, 1/25/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 26, South Sudan's
government and rebels traded accusations that each had breached a
ceasefire deal by attacking the other, but insisted they were
committed to ending weeks of brutal conflict.
   (AFP, 1/26/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 27, UN aid chief
Valerie Amos arrived in war-torn South Sudan amid a growing
humanitarian crisis, with rebels and government accusing each other
of breaking a ceasefire aimed at ending the conflict.
   (AFP, 1/27/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 29, South Sudan
released to Kenya seven of the 11 key leaders held after an alleged
coup bid last month, as Nairobi accepted to host the group.
   (AFP, 1/29/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 1, South Sudan
government forces and allied militias reportedly attacked northern
Leer town and surrounding villages in Unity state, killing an
unknown number of people and destroying property. Rebels' defensive
positions in Upper Nile state also came under attack.
   (AP, 2/2/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 4, The UN issued an
urgent appeal for $1.27 billion for aid for South Sudan, hit by a
seven-week-old conflict that has forced close to a million people
from their homes.
   (AFP, 2/4/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 5, In South Sudan
government forces and allied militia attacked rebel defensive
positions in the northern part of Jonglei state, close to the border
with Upper Nile. Government soldiers mutinied in Lakes state while
they were being sent to fight the rebels in Panyijar county in
neighboring Unity state.
   (AFP, 2/6/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 6, South Sudan rebels
fighting government troops said that 700 men from the government
side have defected with all their equipment and were heading to join
the rebels.
   (AFP, 2/6/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 12, UN leader Ban
Ki-moon condemned what he said was the use of cluster bombs in the
war in South Sudan.
   (AFP, 2/12/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 18, South Sudan rebel
forces launched a major assault against the key oil-hub of Malakal,
as a ceasefire agreement with the government appeared to be in
tatters. The government admitted that the rebels controlled some
parts of the town. A top government general was seriously wounded in
the attack said to involve tens of thousands of rebel fighters. 10
people were killed in "inter-communal clashes" within a peacekeeping
base in Malakal.
   (AFP, 2/18/14)(AP, 2/19/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 19, South Sudan's army
said that it has lost contact with its troops in the key oil hub of
Malakal following a major offensive by rebels.
   (AP, 2/19/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 22, The World Health
Organization began a campaign to prevent outbreaks of cholera in
temporary camps in South Sudan housing thousands of people who have
fled the country's two-month-old conflict.
   (AFP, 2/22/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 26, In South Sudan
Doctors Without Border said that the extreme violence and lack of
respect for health care workers shown by warring sides has made the
group's work almost impossible. Sick patients have been shot to
death in their beds and medical facilities have been looted and
burned to the ground.
   (AP, 2/26/14)
Â
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 5, In South Sudan at
least 35 people were killed after heavy fighting broke out in the
Giada military barracks in Juba, underscoring serious tensions
within the national army as it battles a rebel uprising.
   (AFP, 3/5/14)(Reuters, 3/7/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 13, East African heads
of state met in Addis Ababa in the latest push for peace in war-torn
South Sudan, where almost three months of raging conflict has left
thousands dead.
   (AFP, 3/13/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 13, A court in Sudan
sentenced former governor of the southern Blue Nile State and leader
of the opposition group Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North
Malik Agar and 17 other members of the group to death by hanging. 47
others were given life sentences in a hearing. All but one were
tried in absentia.
   (AP, 3/14/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 28, The UN said over a
million people in South Sudan have been forced from their homes
during more than three months of ongoing fighting, with conditions
continuing to worsen.
   (AFP, 3/29/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 3, President Barack
Obama signed a decree authorizing punitive sanctions, such as
seizure of assets and visa bans, against anyone in South Sudan
deemed to be threatening peace efforts, targeting UN peacekeeping
forces and violating human rights.
   (AFP, 4/11/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 5, South Sudanese
President Salva Kiir arrived in Khartoum to meet Sudanese President
Omar Bashir.
   (AP, 4/5/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 3, President Barack
Obama signed a decree authorizing punitive sanctions, such as
seizure of assets and visa bans, against anyone in South Sudan
deemed to be threatening peace efforts, targeting UN peacekeeping
forces and violating human rights.
   (AFP, 4/11/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 15, In South Sudan
rebel fighters captured Bentiu, the capital of oil-rich Unity state.
They issued an ultimatum to oil companies to shut down production
and evacuate workers. UN peacekeepers rescued 10 oil workers from
the violence, but not before five were wounded. Over the next 24
hours hundreds of people sheltering inside a mosque and a Catholic
church in Bentiu were killed or wounded.
   (AP, 4/15/14)(AP, 4/21/14)(SFC, 4/23/14, p.A4)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 17, In South Sudan
gunmen attacked civilians sheltering inside a UN peacekeeping base
in the war-ravaged town of Bor. At least 58 people were killed and
more than 100 others wounded in the attack.
   (AFP, 4/17/14)(AFP, 4/18/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 23, South Sudan media
reported that President Salva Kiir has sacked his army chief,
replacing him with a loyalist from his own ethnic group as the
country's four-month conflict shows signs of being increasingly
fought along tribal lines. Kiir also replaced his head of
intelligence. South Sudanese rebel forces battling President Kiir
captured the town of Renk, close to the border with Sudan and began
advancing on the Paloich oil fields.
   (Reuters, 4/24/14)(AFP, 4/24/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 25, South Sudan
released four top leaders accused of rebellion and treason, dropping
charges for attempting to overthrow the government in a move aimed
at ending a four-month-old civil war.
   (AFP, 4/25/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 26, South Sudan's
military spokesman said a "misunderstanding" between military troops
and a local community sparked clashes a day earlier that killed 5
Nuer trainees. Rebel Brig. Gen. Lul Ruai Koang charged that 220 Nuer
officers and trainees at Mapel Military Training Centre in Western
Bahr El Ghazal state were deliberately killed.
   (AP, 4/27/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 30, The UN's human
rights chief said over 9,000 children have been recruited as
soldiers in South Sudan's brutal four-month long civil war by both
government and rebel forces.
   (AFP, 4/30/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â May 2, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir agreed to fly to Ethiopia for talks and to
consider forming a transitional government to try and end four
months of fighting in the world's newest nation following talks with
US Sec. of State John Kerry.
   (Reuters, 5/2/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â May 4, South Sudanese
government forces overran Nasir, a key rebel base and moved to
recapture Bentiu, the capital of the oil-producing Unity state, from
rebel control.
   (AFP, 5/4/14)(AP, 5/514)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â May 5, South Sudan signed
a deal with rebels to consider a "month of tranquility" that would
start today to allow civilians caught up in a four-month conflict to
move to places of safety and plant crops. South Sudanese troops and
rebels battled in the key oil town of Bentiu as the government
pushed forward a major offensive.
   (Reuters, 5/514)(AFP, 5/514)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â May 9, South Sudanese
President Salva Kiir arrived in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to meet rebel
leader Riek Machar under growing international pressure for an end
to ethnic fighting that has raised fears of genocide. Kiir and
Machar, a former vice president, met, shook hands and prayed
together, and agreed to order a halt to fighting within 24 hours.
   (Reuters, 5/9/14)(AFP, 5/10/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â May 11, South Sudan's army
and rebel forces blamed each other for violating a ceasefire hours
after it came into effect.
   (Reuters, 5/11/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â May 11, China signed a
deal with East African leaders to build a $3.8 billion rail link
between Kenya's Indian Ocean port of Mombasa and Nairobi, the first
stage of a line that will eventually link Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi
and South Sudan.
   (AFP, 5/11/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â May 20, In Norway
international donors pledged more than $600 million dollars in aid
to South Sudan at a conference in Oslo aimed at averting a famine
threatening millions of people.
   (AFP, 5/20/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 26, The UN said the
number of civilians seeking shelter in UN bases in South Sudan has
reached over 100,000 for the first time in more than six-months of
conflict.
   (AFP, 6/26/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 1, Doctors Without
Borders said 58 people have been killed in four hospitals in South
Sudan since last December.
   (SFC, 7/2/14, p.A3)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 2, The UN's food aid
agency warned that Ethiopia is facing a huge wave of refugees from
South Sudan, where the specter of famine threatens to heap further
misery on a people already rocked by civil war.
   (AFP, 7/2/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 2, African nations
agreed to suspend military operations for six months against
Congo-based Rwandan rebels in order to give them more time to lay
down their arms. The suspension was announced after a meeting in
Angola of foreign ministers from a regional bloc including Angola,
Burundi, Central African Republic, Republic of Congo, DRC, Kenya,
Uganda, Rwanda, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania and Zambia.
   (Reuters, 7/3/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 11, Save the Children
said a cholera outbreak in South Sudan has infected over 2,600
people and left at least 60 people dead since the first cases were
reported in Juba in May.
   (SFC, 7/12/14, p.A2)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 16, The UN said the
worsening conflict in Darfur and an influx of people fleeing war in
South Sudan helped push to almost seven million the number needing
aid in Sudan.
   (AFP, 7/16/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 20, South Sudanese
rebels and government soldiers clashed in the northern town of
Nasir, adding to fears that a shaky ceasefire agreement signed in
May could totally collapse.
   (Reuters, 7/20/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 21, South Sudan rebels
and government troops battled over the strategic town of Nasir, with
rebels launching their largest offensive since an oft-broken May
truce.
   (AFP, 7/21/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 10, Warring rivals in
South Sudan missed a 60-day deadline to forge a unity government,
despite warnings of famine and the threat of sanctions if fighting
continues.
   (AFP, 8/10/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 12, UN Security
Council envoys warned South Sudan's warring leaders they would face
sanctions if a civil war that has pushed the young nation to the
brink of famine does not stop.
   (AFP, 8/12/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 15, South Sudan's
civil war entered its ninth month with rebels and government troops
engaged in heavy battles.
   (AFP, 8/15/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 19, The UN said the
spiraling crisis in war-ravaged South Sudan has sent nearly 200,000
refugees into Ethiopia, making it Africa's largest refugee-hosting
country.
   (AFP, 8/19/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 24, In South Sudan a
member of an East African regional body monitoring a ceasefire died
of a heart attack after some monitors were detained by rebels in
Unity state, further complicating a peace process.
   (Reuters, 8/24/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 26, In South Sudan a
UN mission Mi-8 cargo helicopter crashed near Bentiu, a hotly
contested between the government and rebel fighters. A South Sudan
government spokesman blamed the rebels for shooting down the
helicopter. 3 people were reported killed with one surviver.
   (AP, 8/26/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 16, Authorities in
South Sudan announced a ban on foreign workers, including aid agency
staff, and ordered their jobs to be given to locals. A day later
Minister of Labor Ngor Kolong Ngor backpeddled saying they
were only targeting low-level positions.
   (AFP, 9/16/14)(AFP, 9/17/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 18, In South Sudan
fighting started when gunmen detained Ugandan local government
officials carrying out a census, accusing them of straying into
South Sudanese territory. By the next day at least 7 people were
killed on both sides of Uganda and South Sudan's border.
   (Reuters, 9/19/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 25, China said it will
send 700 troops to join a UN peacekeeping mission in South Sudan,
where fighting has threatened Beijing's oil investments.
   (Reuters, 9/25/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 29, In South Sudan at
least 35 people were killed when a bus collided with a truck on a
highway linking South Sudan to Uganda. Most of the victims were from
Uganda.
   (AP, 9/29/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 30, Mediators said
South Sudan's warring factions have agreed on the installation of a
federal system of government, saying progress was being made in
talks aimed at finding a political solution to violence in the
world's newest country.
   (AP, 9/30/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 16, In South Sudan
gunmen seized a UN worker while he was waiting in line for a flight
from the northern town of Malakal.
   (AFP, 10/17/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 23, A group of South
Sudanese women peace activists said they have suggested that men in
the civil war-torn country be denied sex until they stop fighting.
   (AFP, 10/23/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 27, UN chief Ban
Ki-moon announced at the start of a visit to Ethiopia that the EU
and several regional development banks have pledged $8 billion in
development aid for projects across eight countries in the Horn of
Africa. Countries targeted are Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya,
Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, and Uganda.
   (AFP, 10/27/14)(AP, 10/27/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 29, South Sudan rebels
killed, raped and kidnapped civilians during an attack, leaving at
least 11 dead in the oil-rich town of Bentiu.
   (AFP, 12/19/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 8, South Sudanese
rebels accused the government of violating their latest ceasefire
deal, just hours after both sides pledged to end almost a year of
fighting.
   (Reuters, 11/8/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 12, Sudanese warplanes
reportedly bombed South Sudan, wounding six civilians in areas
bordering war zone regions where Khartoum was trying to crush rebel
fighters.
   (AFP, 11/14/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 29, The United Nations
said it had begun delivering food aid to war-torn South Sudan via
the Nile River from Sudan for the first time since it became
independent in 2011.
   (Reuters, 12/29/14)
2014Â Â Â Â Â Â James Copnall authored “A
Poisonous Thorn in Our Hearts: Sudan and South Sudan’s Bitter and
Incomplete Divorce.”
   (Econ, 4/12/14, p.82)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 21, South Sudan
President Salva Kiir and rebel leader Riek Machar signed an
agreement to unite the ruling Sudan People's Liberation Movement in
the Tanzanian town of Arusha.
   (AP, 1/22/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 27, South Sudanese
rebels released 280 child soldiers, the first batch of some 3,000 to
be freed but with thousands more still fighting.
   (AFP, 1/27/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 29, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir and rebel leader Riek Machar met in Ethiopia
for the latest round of peace talks mediated by East African leaders
aimed at ending their 13-month-old civil.
   (AFP, 1/29/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 2, South Sudan's
warring factions signed another peace deal in the latest effort to
end hostilities that have raged for more than a year.
   (AP, 2/2/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 9, The UN said over
2.5 million South Sudanese are on the brink of famine, with the
civil war likely to intensify as it launched a $1.8 billion aid
appeal.
   (AFP, 2/9/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 13, South Sudan's
cabinet postponed elections and extended President Salva Kiir's
powers for two years. That goes against a deal struck between Kiir
and rebel chief Riek Machar earlier this month, in which they agreed
to set up a transitional unity government in the bitterly divided
nation to run for 30 months from July 9.
   (AFP, 2/13/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 16, In South Sudan an
unidentified armed group abducted at least 89 boys, some as young as
13, from their homes in the northern town of Wau Shilluk.
   (AP, 2/21/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 17, In South Sudan a
British worker for the US-based Carter Center was killed in Juba,
bringing to 14 the number of aid workers killed over the course of
the country's 14-month conflict.
   (AP, 2/18/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 18, South Sudan's army
and rebels fought heavy battles for a third day with scores of
casualties, a day ahead of a planned restart of peace talks.
   (AFP, 2/18/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 3, The UN Security
Council established a sanctions regime for South Sudan but stopped
short of imposing worldwide travel bans and asset freezes on
officials in the conflict-torn country or an arms embargo.
   (Reuters, 3/3/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 6, South Sudan's
warring leaders failed to reach a deal to end more than a year of
civil war, with the latest collapse in peace talks paving the way
for possible sanctions.
   (AFP, 3/6/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 21, A South Sudanese
rebel group freed 250 child soldiers -- including a girl as young as
nine. The UN children's agency warned the next day that thousands
were still being forced to fight.
   (AFP, 3/22/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 1, In South Sudan 3
staff members of the UN World Food Program disappeared while
traveling in a convoy from Malakal to distribute food to Melut,
Upper Nile state. UN food operation in some parts of the country
were soon suspended.
   (SFC, 4/23/15, p.A2)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 9, A Sudanese
airstrike on South Sudanese killed 4 people and wounded nine others.
   (SFC, 4/10/15, p.A2)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 22, In South Sudan
heavy fighting broke out in the war-ravaged northeastern town of
Malakal. The fighting pitted troops loyal to the state governor
against those of rogue general Johnson Olony, an ex-rebel who
commands a pro-government ethnic Shilluk militia. At least 2
soldiers were reported killed over the last 24 hours.
   (AFP, 4/22/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â May 9, In South Sudan
Doctors Without Borders and the International Committee of the Red
Cross evacuated their staff from the rebel-held town of Leer in the
south of Unity State fearing clashes between the rebels and
government troops.
   (AP, 5/9/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â May 15, South Sudanese
military spokesman Col. Philip Aguer said government troops have
been ordered to pursue rebels in Jonglei state as well as south of
Unity state. Earlier this week the UN announced there were credible
reports of atrocities being carried out, including killing of
civilians, rape and the torching of 28 villages. Rebels in launched
a large-scale attack on the strategic northern oil hub and state
capital of Malakal.
   (AP, 5/15/15)(AFP, 5/16/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â May 19, In South Sudan 4
civilians, including a woman and a child, were killed when two
mortar bombs exploded inside a UN compound in Melut, Upper Nile
state.
   (SFC, 5/21/15, p.A2)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â May 25, South Sudan said
its troops are back in full control of the strategic northern oil
town of Malakal, after days of fierce fighting with rebel forces.
   (AFP, 5/25/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â May 27, The UN said more
than 40 percent of South Sudan's 11 million people need food aid,
the highest hunger levels recorded in the world's youngest country,
where fighting erupted 18 months ago.
   (Reuters, 5/27/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â May, Warring forces in
South Sudan carried out horrific crimes against children, including
castration, rape and tying them together before slitting their
throats. At least 129 children were reported killed.
   (AP, 6/19/15)(SFC, 6/19/15, p.A6)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 6, South Sudan's
rebels claimed they had seized control of key oilfields in the north
of the country after weeks of heavy fighting with government forces.
   (AFP, 6/6/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 17, South Sudan's
government accused Sudan of bombing two locations in its territory,
killing at least one soldier and wounding others on June 14-15.
   (AP, 6/17/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 17, In Congo DRC
heavily armed poachers, believed to be from South Sudan, killed a
ranger and two soldiers patrolling in Garamba National Park.
   (AP, 6/19/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 23, South Sudan’s top
politician Pagan Amum, arrested and sacked as secretary general of
the ruling party as civil war erupted 18-months ago, was reinstated
to his post.
   (AFP, 6/23/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 27, In South Sudan
Malakal was attacked and captured by rebels led by ex-government
general Johnson Olony, accused by aid agencies of forcibly
recruiting hundreds of child soldiers.
   (AFP, 7/2/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 30, A UN rights report
said South Sudan's army raped then torched girls alive inside their
homes during a recent campaign.
   (AFP, 6/30/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 1, The UN said South
Sudan rebels have opened fire on a UN peacekeeping base sheltering
30,000 civilians, killing one and wounding six in a possible war
crime.
   (AFP, 7/2/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 2, The Obama
administration placed sanctions on leaders from opposing military
forces in South Sudan for their roles in the country's conflict.
   (Reuters, 7/2/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 3, The UN children's
agency said at least 29 people have died in South Sudan's latest
cholera outbreak.
   (AP, 7/3/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 6, South Sudan's army
said it has retaken the strategic northeastern town of Malakal from
rebels, the latest time the ruined state capital has swapped hands.
   (AFP, 7/6/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 8, South Sudan rebel
leader Riek Machar called on President Salva Kiir to resign along
with all ministers and the parliament or risk sparking a revolution.
   (AP, 7/8/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 10, The International
Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) said a dozen patients have died
and dozens more wounded are without care in a South Sudanese
hospital after fighting forced medics to flee.
   (AFP, 7/10/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 12, South Sudan said
it it has decided to expel UN diplomat Mary Cummins from norhtern
Unity state in retaliation for the publication of a human rights
report that accused the government of committing widespread
attacks on civilians there.
   (SFC, 7/13/15, p.A2)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 27, The US State
Department took Malaysia and Cuba off its “tier 3” list of countries
failing to combat modern-day slavery, leaving the US open to
criticism that politics is swaying the often-contentious rankings in
its annual human trafficking report. Burundi, Belize, Belarus,
Comoros and South Sudan were downgraded to Tier 3, where Thailand
remained for a second year.
   (AP, 7/27/15)(Reuters, 7/27/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 31, In South Sudan
thousands of civilians in Upper Nile state faced starvation after
the government blocked aid groups from using the Nile River to
deliver relief food.
   (AP, 8/1/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 6, South Sudan's rival
forces began peace talks, as international pressure mounts ahead of
an August 17 deadline to strike a deal to end 19 months of civil
war.
   (AFP, 8/6/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 11, A top South Sudan
rebel general said that he and other powerful commanders had split
from their chief Riek Machar, rejecting ongoing peace talks and
risking a worsening of the country's civil war.
   (AFP, 8/11/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 14, South Sudan's
government said it was pulling out of peace talks to end a 20-month
long civil war after rebel forces split despite international
threats of sanctions. The UN said South Sudan's army has lifted a
more than a month-long aid blockade into rebel areas.
   (AFP, 8/14/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 15, South Sudan's
government said it would continue with peace talks to end a 20-month
civil war, but without President Salva Kiir attending.
   (AFP, 8/15/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 16, East African
leaders met in Ethiopia ahead of a deadline for South Sudan's
warring leaders to strike a peace deal or risk international
sanctions.
   (AFP, 8/16/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 17, South Sudan's
government and rebels signed a peace agreement, hours before the end
of a deadline threatening international sanctions. The agreement was
signed by rebel chief Riek Machar and Pagan Amum, the
secretary-general of the ruling party. Pres. Salva Kiir, who only
initialed the deal, rather than signing it as Machar did, had
reservations over the proposal's plan to demilitarize the capital,
Juba.
   (AFP, 8/17/15)(Reuters, 8/18/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 18, Uganda told South
Sudan's warring factions to put their egos aside and make peace, a
day after President Salva Kiir refused to sign a deal to end a
20-month-old conflict.
   (Reuters, 8/18/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 19, Peace efforts in
South Sudan were in tatters as warring rivals blamed each other for
attacks and the army claimed that the rebels had broken their own
peace deal hours after signing.
   (AFP, 8/19/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 19, In South Sudan
Peter Julius Moi, a reporter for the Corporate Weekly, was shot
twice in the back late today. The attack that came days after
President Salva Kiir was reported to have threatened to kill
reporters "working against the country." Moi was the seventh
journalist to be killed in South Sudan this year.
   (AP, 8/20/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 26, South Sudan’s
President Salva Kiir signed a peace deal to end a 20-month conflict
with rebels. Kiir also issued a list of "serious reservations"
warning the deal might not last.
   (AFP, 8/26/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 28, South Sudanese
President Salva Kiir ordered all government troops to cease fighting
rebel forces as part of a peace agreement. A full ceasefire was to
begin August 29.
   (AFP, 8/28/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 29, South Sudan's
rebel chief Riek Machar ordered his troops to lay down their arms in
line with a ceasefire to end a 20-month civil war. South Sudan's
army and rebels accused each other of sparking fresh fighting in the
north-east, hours before the start of a ceasefire to end a brutal
20-month civil war.
   (AFP, 8/29/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 30, South Sudan
government troops attacked a village in Unity state on the first day
of a cease-fire that both sides have pledged to implement. The
attack on the village in Mayendit County followed attacks on two
other villages in the same area the previous evening.
   (AP, 8/30/15)  Â
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 31, South Sudan's
rebel chief Riek Machar accused the government of breaking a
ceasefire, jeopardizing a peace agreement aimed to end the country's
20-month civil war.
   (AFP, 8/31/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 2, In South Sudan
monitors of the regional bloc of East African states known as IGAD
witnessed government "helicopter gunships flying towards and
engaging the SPLM/A(IO) rebel forces on the west bank of the Nile.
Machar's rebels also violated the August ceasefire by launching
attacks in Unity state on August 23.
   (Reuters, 9/17/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 14, South Sudan's army
repelled a fresh rebel attack, the latest battle to rock the country
despite a ceasefire aimed at ending a brutal 21-month civil war.
   (AFP, 9/14/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 15, South Sudan's
president urged his people to "join hands" in implementing a peace
deal to end more than 20 months of conflict.
   (Reuters, 9/15/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 16, In South Sudan at
least 203 people were killed when an oil truck exploded as a crowd
tried to gather fuel from the vehicle after it had veered off the
road.
   (Reuters, 9/17/15)(AFP, 9/23/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 28, Britain’s PM David
Cameron says more than 300 British troops will be deployed to South
Sudan and Somalia as part of peacekeeping efforts to counter Islamic
militants.
   (AP, 9/28/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 3, South Sudanese
rebels said government troops had attacked their positions over the
last three days, casting further doubt on a fragile peace agreement
in the world's youngest country. A military official said 52
soldiers and rebels have been killed over the last week in fighting
in the contested state of Unity.
   (Reuters, 10/3/15)(AP, 10/3/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 15, In South Sudan a
consortium of civic and aid groups said violence against civilians
is continuing despite a peace agreement. They said at least 1,000
civilians have been killed between April and September and that
1,300 women and girls were abducted in Unity state.
   (SFC, 10/16/15, p.A2)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 22, In South Sudan
government troops killed about 50 people by stuffing them into a
shipping container in baking heat in Unity state. This was only made
public on Jan 31, 2016. On March 11, 2016, Amnesty International
said the deliberate suffocating of over 60 men and boys stuffed into
a baking hot shipping container in South Sudan is a war crime.
   (AFP, 2/1/16)(AFP, 3/11/16)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 24, Humanitarian
organizations monitoring civilian casualties in South Sudan said 80
civilians, including 57 children, were killed in just one county in
war-torn Unity state between October 4 and 22.
   (AP, 10/24/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 26, Rebels in South
Sudan seized UN barges they suspected were transporting weapons for
government troops. 28 UN peacekeepers were freed on Oct 29, but 12
contractors were kept hostage. On Nov 1 the UN sent helicopters to
pick up the South Sudanese workers, and recovered the barge, but not
the 55,000 liters of fuel it was carrying.
   (AP, 10/29/15)(SFC, 10/30/15, p.A4)(Reuters,
11/2/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 28, African Union
investigators discovered mass graves in South Sudan and found
evidence of horrific crimes, including forced cannibalism, according
to a long-awaited report. Investigators found that the conflict
began on Dec. 15, 2013, as a skirmish broke out between Dinka and
Nuer soldiers of the presidential guard following political tension
between Kiir and Machar, who had been fired as Kiir's deputy the
previous July.
   (AP, 10/28/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct, The UN’s World Food
Program was reported to be spending $1.1 million a day to feed the
hungry of South Sudan.
   (Econ, 10/10/15, p.50)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 4, In South Sudan a
Russian-built Antonov AN-12 turbo prop cargo plane with passengers
on board crashed after taking off from the airport in Juba, killing
37 people. Officials said the plane belonged to freight and
logistics firm Allied Services Ltd. and was not authorized to carry
passengers. One man and a baby survived.
   (Reuters, 11/4/15)(AP, 11/5/15)(AP, 11/7/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 19, South Sudan's
parliament changed the constitution to boost presidential powers
amid fears violence is spreading to new areas in the country, with
seven killed on the highway to Uganda.
   (AFP, 11/19/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 26, On the South Sudan
border with Sudan a 4-year-old girl and an Ethiopian peacekeeper
were killed and three others wounded in an attack in the contested
Abyei area.
   (AP, 11/27/15)
2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 24, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir made a Christmas Eve decree dissolving the
nation's 10 states and creating 28 new ones. Critics said it
threatens the peace deal signed in August to end the country's
two-year civil war.
   (AP, 12/25/15)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 8, South Sudan
President Salva Kiir named 50 lawmakers from the rebel movement and
agreed to share ministerial posts with his rivals in line with a
peace deal aimed at ending a two-year civil war.
   (AFP, 1/8/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 8, A South Sudan
official said patients, including premature babies, have died in its
main public hospital since early December because the Juba Teaching
Hospital cannot afford fuel to run its generators.
   (AP, 1/8/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 9, The UN Refugee
Agency said a rise in fighting in a once peaceful part of South
Sudan has forced tens of thousands of civilians to flee their homes
in Western Equatoria state since December.
   (SFC, 1/10/16, p.A5)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 15, British brewer
SABMiller said it will close the only beer factory in South Sudan
due to an acute shortage of foreign currency in the world's youngest
country.
   (AFP, 1/15/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 21, A UN report said
South Sudanese government troops held women as sex slaves while
attacking scores of civilians just outside UN bases in Unity state.
   (SFC, 1/22/16, p.A2)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 22, Sudan's state-run
news agency said the Sudanese President Omar Bashir has ordered
revisions to the economic agreements struck with South Sudan in a
positive gesture to the breakaway southern state.
   (AP, 1/22/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 23, Warring rivals in
South Sudan missed a key deadline to forge a unity government, with
rebels rejecting President Salva Kiir's creation of new regional
states as fighting continues.
   (AFP, 1/23/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 3, The ministers of
Sudan and South Sudan at a meeting in Juba agreed to tie the fee to
oil prices after slumps in global prices made Juba effectively pay
to export crude. Exact details were yet to be settled.
   (AFP, 2/4/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 8, The UN said at
least 40,000 people are being starved to death in South Sudan war
zones on the brink of famine.
   (AFP, 2/8/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 11, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir named his arch-rival Riek Machar as
vice-president, raising hopes for the implementation of a repeatedly
broken peace deal to end more than two years of civil war.
   (AFP, 2/12/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 18, Gunmen in South
Sudan opened fire overnight on civilians sheltering inside a United
Nations base. At least 18 people were killed and over 70 wounded in
the clashes in the UN camp over the last 24 hours in the
north-eastern town of Malakal. Troops wearing the uniform of the
Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) reportedly took part in the
attack.
   (AP, 2/18/16)(AP, 2/19/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 3, On World Wildlife
Day the US-based Wildlife Conservation Society said all sides in
South Sudan's civil war have slaughtered wildlife including
elephant, giraffe and antelope, warning huge efforts must be made to
protect the surviving animal population.
   (AFP, 3/3/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 11, The UN said South
Sudan has encouraged fighters to rape women in place of wages while
children have been burnt alive and called the young nation one of
the world's most "horrendous" human rights situations.
   (AFP, 3/11/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 6, In Sudan an
anti-terrorism court in Khartoum sentenced 22 South Sudanese
nationals to death and three others to life in prison for belonging
to a militant group in Darfur. The defendants belong to the Justice
and Equality Movement, a rebel group based in Darfur that took up
arms against the Sudanese government in 2003, complaining that their
region was being marginalized.
   (Reuters, 4/7/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 15, Ethnic Murle
gunmen from South Sudan killed 208 people and kidnapped 102 children
in a cross-border raid on the Nuer tribe in Ethiopia.
   (AFP, 4/17/16)(AFP, 4/18/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 21, Ethiopian troops
were operating in South Sudan after crossing the border to rescue
some 125 Ethiopian children who were kidnapped during a bloody
cattle raid. Top officials from both countries sought to coordinate
their efforts.
   (AP, 4/21/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 23, South Sudan's
rebel chief Riek Machar missed an international deadline to return
to Juba to become vice-president under a peace deal hoped to end
war, claiming the government denied permission.
   (AFP, 4/23/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 26, South Sudan rebel
chief Riek Machar was sworn in as vice-president in the capital Juba
as part of a peace deal aimed at ending more than two years of
ferocious civil war.
   (AFP, 4/26/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 29, South Sudan's
leaders formed a transitional coalition government bringing together
politicians from the government and the armed opposition who have
been at war for two and a half years.
   (AP, 4/29/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 30, Authorities in
South Sudan said they have recovered 32 of the 125 Ethiopian
children who the Ethiopian government said were abducted from its
Gambela region two weeks ago during a deadly cattle raid blamed on a
South Sudanese militia.
   (AP, 4/30/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â May 9, The UN World Food
Program said up to 5.3 million people in South Sudan may face a
severe food shortages during this year's lean season, nearly double
the number in the first three months of the year.
   (Reuters, 5/9/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â May 24, South Sudan
authorities arrested an army major for allegedly trafficking
elephant ivory through the country's Paloich oil fields.
   (AP, 5/27/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â May 25, In South Sudan an
airport sniffer dog unit found 10 kg (22 pounds) of frozen pangolin
meat in the luggage of a Chinese national upon his arrival in Juba
from Paloich where he works as an oil engineer.
   (AP, 5/27/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 5, South Sudan resumed
talks with Sudan on a raft of thorny issues, including borders and
oil revenues, still outstanding from its 2011 secession.
   (AFP, 6/5/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 25, In South Sudan at
least 43 people were killed in two days of fighting between armed
groups and government forces around the northwest South Sudanese
town of Wau. A church official later said he had seen 50 bodies at a
mortuary in Wau.
   (Reuters, 6/28/16)(AP, 6/29/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 7, In South Sudan 5
government soldiers were killed in a shootout late today between
opposing army factions in the capital. The UN mission reported an
attack on a senior official in the Tomping area of Juba.
   (AP, 7/8/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 8, In South Sudan at
least 115 soldiers from rival factions were killed in gunbattles in
the capital Juba as gunfire erupted near the state house where
President Salva Kiir and vice president Riek Machar, former rivals,
were meeting for talks.
   (Reuters, 7/9/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 10, The residence of
South Sudan's vice president and former rebel leader Riek Machar was
attacked by forces loyal to President Salva Kiir. Kenya Airways said
it was suspending flights to Juba due to uncertain security.
   (Reuters, 7/10/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 11, South Sudan's as
President Salva Kiir ordered a ceasefire after a new day of heavy
fighting in the capital Juba that sent thousands of people fleeing
and threatened a return to civil war. Five foreigners were raped and
their local colleague murdered at the Terrain Hotel in Juba as Pres.
Kiir's troops won a three-day battle over opposition forces loyal to
ex-Vice President Riek Machar. Lt. Col. Luka Akechak, the unit
commander at the hotel, later became one of more than a dozen South
Sudanese soldiers standing trial in a military court. Akechak was
found dead in October 2017 following medical treatment in Juba.
   (AFP, 7/11/16)(Reuters, 10/20/17)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 15, The UN said at
least 300 people were killed and 42,000 fled their homes this month
during the July 8-11 intense gun battles in Juba, South Sudan. The
dead included two Chinese peacekeepers.
   (AFP, 7/15/16)(Reuters, 7/29/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 17, The African Union
opened a summit in the Rwandan capital Kigali. The renewed fighting
in South Sudan dominated discussions.
   (AP, 7/17/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 22, The United Nations
refugee agency said more than 26,000 people have fled South Sudan to
Uganda this month.
   (AP, 7/22/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 26, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir installed Taban Deng Gai as the new first vice
president to replace opposition leader Riek Machar, who fled into
hiding this month amid clashes with government forces. Loyalists to
Machar alleged a conspiracy to remove him.
   (AP, 7/26/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 2, UN agencies said
tens of thousands of people have fled a fresh outbreak of violence
in South Sudan, reporting mass killings, looting and forced
recruitment of child soldiers. At least 9 people were reported
killed over the weekend in the latest clashes on a road in Central
Equatoria state, the region that includes the capital Juba.
   (Reuters, 8/2/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 2, South Sudanese
President Salva Kiir fired five ministers, in a move that removed
figures known for close ties to ex-rebel leader Riek Machar. A
presidential decree showed that cabinet posts including the interior
and petroleum portfolios in the oil-rich state had been filled with
allies of the new vice president, Taban Deng Gai.
   (AFP, 8/3/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 9, South Sudan said it
requested $1.9 billion from the Chinese government to develop oil
fields and infrastructure projects.
   (AP, 8/9/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 13, Fighting flared in
South Sudan late today southwest of the capital between forces loyal
to the president and those backing the opposition, after clashes
last month raised fears of a slide back into civil war.
   (Reuters, 8/14/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 18, Aides said South
Sudan's former rebel leader and ex-vice president Riek Machar has
left the country following violent clashes last month and is now in
a "safe" country in the region.
   (AFP, 8/18/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 21, Sudan said it is
hosting about 400,000 South Sudanese refugees who fled a brutal
civil war that erupted after it broke away in 2011.
   (AFP, 9/21/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 30, The UN warned that
around 100,000 people were trapped in the South Sudanese town of
Yei, where they were facing serious shortages of food and medicine.
   (AFP, 9/30/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 7, It was reported
that President Barack Obama has issued waivers that continue
millions of dollars in US military assistance for troubled South
Sudan and six other nations where child soldiers have been used,
disappointing advocates who say his administration hasn't made
curbing the use of children in combat a higher priority. Waivers
also have been granted to Somalia, Congo, Nigeria, Rwanda, Iraq and
Myanmar.
   (AP, 10/7/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 5, In South Sudan an
angry football fan fired on others watching a match in a bar in
Juba. By Nov 7 the death toll numbered least 13 people after some of
the injured died of their wounds.
   (AP, 11/7/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 9, The first batch of
Kenyan troops who had served in a UN peacekeeping mission in South
Sudan arrived home, after Nairobi ordered them to withdraw in
response to the sacking of the Kenyan commander of the UNMISS force.
   (Reuters, 11/9/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 16, South Sudanese
soldiers and rebels clashed in Unity State, killing at least 15
people, as rebels loyal to former vice president Riek Machar tried
to steal cattle in the small village of Adaab el Bahr.
   (Reuters, 11/17/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 21, Japanese
peacekeepers, with a broader mandate to use force, landed in South
Sudan, the first overseas deployment of the country's troops with
those expanded powers in nearly 70 years. The 350 Self-Defense
Forces will replace a previous contingent of Japanese peacekeepers
who served in the UN Mission in South Sudan, but did not have
mandate to use force.
   (AP, 11/21/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 26, South Sudan's
government said it has accepted with "no conditions" increase the
peacekeeping force in the country as mandated by the UN Security
Council in August.
   (AP, 11/26/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 1, Yasmin Sooka, the
head of the UN commission of human rights in the South Sudan, said
ethnic cleansing is taking place in some areas of South Sudan and
the stage is set for a repeat of the Rwandan genocide. Attacks on
aid workers and bureaucratic interference were preventing supplies
from reaching tens of thousands of desperate South Sudanese who have
fled their homes amid escalating violence.
   (Reuters, 12/1/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 2, UN investigators
said South Sudanese soldiers have brutally raped an elderly woman
and a pregnant woman lost her baby after being gang-raped by seven
soldiers. Three in five women in UN-administered "protection of
civilian" sites around the capital Juba experienced rape or sexual
assault, according to a 2016 report by the UN Population Fund.
   (Reuters, 12/2/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 3, Congolese troops
detained 41 South Sudanese soldiers and one police officer after
they fled a rebel assault over the frontier.
   (Reuters, 12/6/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 9, The Norwegian
Refugee Council said South Sudan has expelled Victor Moses, its
country director there.
   (AP, 12/9/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 14, A team of UN
investigators said South Sudan is "on the brink of an all-out ethnic
civil war which could destabilize the entire region".
   (AP, 12/14/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 23, The United Nations
Security Council failed to adopt a US-drafted resolution to impose
an arms embargo and further sanctions on South Sudan despite
warnings by UN officials of a possible genocide in the world's
newest state.
   (Reuters, 12/23/16)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec, In Uganda the number
of refugees since last July from South Sudan has increased from
250,000 to almost 600,000. New arrivals were crossing the border at
a rate of 25,000 a week.
   (Econ, 12/10/16, p.49)
2016Â Â Â Â Â Â In South Sudan only 27% of
adults were able to read.
   (Econ, 1/7/17, p.47)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 15, South Sudan’s
Minister of Information Michael Makuei said that Dec. 15th was the
expiration date for the deployment of peacekeepers to bolster the
existing 12,000 UN troops. He said a new resolution is needed for
the additional troops. Makuei also announced that President Salva
Kiir has created four new states in South Sudan bringing the total
number to 32.
   (AP, 1/15/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 31, In South Sudan
fresh clashes broke out around Malakal, the latest turn in the
struggle for the capital of the oil-producing Upper Nile region.
   (Reuters, 1/31/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan, In Kenya Aggrey Idri
Ezibon, a member of a South Sudanese opposition group, and Dong
Samuel Luak, a human rights lawyer disappeared in Nairobi. In 2019 a
report by the UN Security Council panel of experts said multiple
credible sources suggested that the two men were likely killed by
South Sudanese National Security Service (NSS) officers on Jan. 30,
2017, on a farm owned by President Salva Kiir.
   (Reuters, 5/1/19)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 6, South Sudan’s Pres.
Salva Kiir said that soldiers who rape civilians should be shot,
trying to mollify citizens outraged by abuses by security forces and
quell growing international anger over attacks.
   (Reuters, 2/6/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 11, South Sudanese Lt.
Gen. Thomas Cirillo Swaka resigned while telling President Salva
Kiir "you have disgraced yourself" by subjecting the conflict-torn
country to ethnic bias and "unacceptable cycles of violence."
   (AP, 2/11/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 13, The UN said more
than 1.5 million South Sudanese have become refugees and their
humanitarian needs are overwhelming aid efforts during the country's
civil war.
   (AP, 2/13/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 17, South Sudan's
labor minister Gabriel Duop Lam resigned and declared allegiance to
rebel leader Riek Machar, making him the second top official to quit
in the war-torn country this week.
   (AFP, 2/17/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 17, In South Sudan
Khalid Ono Loki, the former head of military courts, resigned
alleging corruption and a military fractured along ethnic lines. It
is the third top official in a week to leave while criticizing the
government of President Salva Kiir.
   (AP, 2/18/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 17, Uganda warned that
its resources are strained by the more than 400,000 refugees who
have poured into the country in recent months from South Sudan's
civil war.
   (AP, 2/17/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 20, South Sudan
declared famine in some parts of the country, with more than three
years of war leaving nearly five million hungry in what aid groups
called a "man-made" tragedy.
   (AFP, 2/20/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 21, UNICEF said nearly
1.4 million children are at "imminent risk" of death in famines in
Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan and Yemen.
   (Reuters, 2/21/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 27, The United Nations
refugee agency said more than 31,000 South Sudanese refugees -
mostly women and children - have crossed the border into Sudan this
year, fleeing famine and conflict.
   (Reuters, 2/27/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 2, South Sudan
announced it would increase work permit fees for foreign workers
from the $100-$300 range to between $1,000 and $10,000 per year,
depending on the qualifications of the worker. International aid
agencies on March 10 warned this would worsen a humanitarian crisis
in the famine-hit country. In early April South Sudan suspended the
plans to charge foreign workers a $10,000 work permit fee, after
criticism that it would create a huge expense for aid organizations.
   (AFP, 3/11/17)(AP, 4/3/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 3, South Sudan said it
has arrested four soldiers after residents accused the army of
beating and raping civilians in a small village near the capital
last month.
   (Reuters, 3/3/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 7, A new United
Nations report described South Sudan as teetering on the edge of
genocide and experiencing ethnic cleansing, a stark portrayal of a
nation whose crises now include famine.
   (AP, 3/7/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 10, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir said he had pardoned two senior government
officials and promised to release other political prisoners, as his
rule faces surging resistance, warfare and famine.
   (Reuters, 3/10/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 10, Japan’s PM Shinzo
Abe announced that Japan is ending its peacekeeping mission in
troubled South Sudan after five years. Abe said Japan would not
renew the mission after the current rotation returns in May.
   (AP, 3/10/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 10, The UN warned that
the world is facing its worst humanitarian crisis since the end of
World War II, with more than 20 million people facing starvation and
famine in four countries (northeastern Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan
and Yemen).
   (AFP, 3/11/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 13, A South Sudanese
military spokesman said rebels have kidnapped eight locals working
for a US charity and are demanding aid deliveries as ransom.
   (Reuters, 3/13/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 13, In Ethiopia gunmen
from South Sudan killed 28 people and kidnapped 43 in Gambella's Gog
and Jor areas.
   (Reuters, 3/15/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 14, In South Sudan
gunmen killed two people and wounded three when they attacked a
humanitarian convoy in the center of the country.
   (Reuters, 3/16/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 16, Ethiopia's
military rescued six children kidnapped by South Sudanese raiders in
a cross-border attack, but dozens of others remain missing and
soldiers are pursuing the gunmen to recover them.
   (Reuters, 3/17/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 18, South Sudanese
rebels kidnapped four oil workers including a Pakistani national, in
a bid to force their Chinese and Malaysian consortium to leave the
country.
   (Reuters, 3/20/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 22, The International
Red Cross appealed for $400 million to help some 20 million people
facing famine or the risk of it in four conflict-ridden countries:
Somalia, Yemen, South Sudan and Nigeria.
   (AP, 3/22/17)(Econ, 4/1/17, p.39)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 25, In South Sudan six
aid workers were killed in an ambush while traveling from the
capital Juba towards the town of Pibor.
   (Reuters, 3/27/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 25, In South Sudan six
aid workers working for the Grass Roots Empowerment for Development
Organization (GREDO), were killed in an ambush while traveling from
the capital Juba towards the town of Pibor. The death toll soon rose
to seven after the driver, David Kim Choop, also died.
   (Reuters, 3/27/17)(AFP, 3/27/17)(SFC, 3/28/17,
p.A2)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar, United Nations
satellite images showed at least 18,000 structures have been
destroyed in the Yei area of South Sudan, one of the most
significant caches of evidence of widespread destruction in the
country's civil war.
   (AP, 4/7/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 5, Hundreds of South
Sudanese refugees fled into Uganda for a second day, bearing further
grim testimony of an attack by government forces on the border town
of Pajok in which at least 17 people were killed.
   (Reuters, 4/5/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 10, In South Sudan at
least 16 civilians were killed in the town of Wau, as ethnic
militias went house to house searching for people from other groups.
Witnesses said the militias were aligned with the government's side
in the ethnically-charged civil war. The dead included three men
contracted to work as porters for the World Food Program. The
fighting came to Wau after government soldiers were killed in an
ambush a day earlier south of the town.
   (Reuters, 4/9/17)(AP, 4/14/17)(SFC, 6/1/17, p.A4)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 15, In South Sudan
army troops reportedly attacked Raga killing 14 civilians. The army
denied the rebel charges.
   (AP, 4/16/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 17, Japan started
withdrawing its 350 troops from a UN mission in war battered South
Sudan, a move coinciding with escalating violence in a conflict
where killings have been described as genocide.
   (Reuters, 4/17/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 26, South Sudan’s
government launched a new offensive. Some 50,000 people in Kodok in
Upper Nile state, many of whom fled fighting six weeks ago in the
town of Wau Shilluk, were at risk from the violence.
   (AFP, 4/29/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 29, The United Nations
called for a halt to fighting in South Sudan after the government
launched a new offensive earlier this week.
   (AFP, 4/29/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â May 1, The UN said an
advance party of peacekeepers with a bolstered mandate to use force
have arrived in South Sudan, the first blue helmets with a greater
authority to protect civilians in the troubled East African nation.
   (AP, 5/1/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â May 5, In South Sudan a
commercial vehicle coming from Juba was attacked at a checkpoint in
Jamaza and the other at Sudan Safar. At least 21 people were killed
and 25 injured.
   (Reuters, 5/8/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â May 8, The UN said war and
famine have forced more than 2 million children in South Sudan to
flee their homes.
   (Reuters, 5/8/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â May 22, South Sudan’s
President Salva Kiir declared a unilateral ceasefire and promised to
release political prisoners, but with no sign of a political deal
with rebels it was not clear whether a truce would take hold.
   (Reuters, 5/22/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â May 25, The last Japanese
troops withdrew from a UN peacekeeping mission in South Sudan.
   (Reuters, 5/25/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â May 26, It was reported
that hunger is forcing desperate refugees from South Sudan to steal
food from poverty-stricken locals in northern Uganda, after a
funding crisis compelled the United Nations slash rations in refugee
camps by half this month.
   (Reuters, 5/26/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 2, South Sudan’s
health ministry said fifteen children died in Nachodopele village
last month after being administered with contaminated measles
vaccines. Local officials failed to follow guidelines, storing the
vaccine unrefrigerated for four days and using a single syringe for
the entire campaign.
   (AFP, 6/2/17)  Â
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 17, In Uganda about 26
gunmen reportedly attacked Gbari identifying themselves as South
Sudanese military and taking 108 cattle. Three days later, a second
group attacked and arrested two South Sudanese refugees living in
the village.
   (Reuters, 7/3/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 19, Amnesty
International said rich countries have failed in their obligation to
help Uganda support thousands of refugees fleeing violence in South
Sudan. Over 900,000 refugees from South Sudan were sheltering in
Uganda.
   (AP, 6/19/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 21, The Vatican said
Pope Francis is offering 460,000 euros (more than $500,000) in aid
for South Sudan to help finance two hospitals, a school and farm
equipment.
   (AP, 6/21/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 22, The EU pledged 85
million euros ($95 million) to Uganda, ahead of a summit to raise
twenty times that amount to help it deal with nearly one million
refugees from South Sudan.
   (AFP, 6/22/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 8, US President Donald
Trump promised $639 million in funding for humanitarian programs,
including $331 million to help feed starving people in four
famine-hit countries - Somalia, South Sudan, Nigeria and Yemen.
Trump's pledge came during a working session of the G20 summit of
world leaders in Hamburg.
   (AP, 7/8/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 10, In South Sudan
Adil Faris Mayat, the head of state television, was arrested by
security officials for failing to broadcast Pres. Kiir's speech
live.
   (Reuters, 7/15/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 18, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir declared a three-month state of emergency in
Gogrial, his home state, where clashes have raged for months between
clan-based militias.
   (Reuters, 7/18/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 28, South Sudan's
government said it had taken the last town before the main rebel
base of Pagak, where thousands of civilians have fled to escape
fighting near the border with Ethiopia.
   (Reuters, 7/28/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 7, South Sudan's
government forces overtook the rebel-held stronghold and opposition
headquarters of Pagak, along the Ethiopian border. Opposition IO
rebels still held territory in Panyijiar County in Unity state as
well rural areas of Jonglei state and Akobo state, traditionally
areas where South Sudan's Nuer people live.
   (AP, 8/7/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 8, The head of South
Sudan's UN mission announced the long-awaited arrival of troops from
a regional force meant to patrol roads and quell violence in the
war-ravaged country. About 150 troops from Rwanda arrived at the
weekend for the regional protection force (RPF).
   (AFP, 8/8/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 11, In South Sudan
heavy fighting erupted in the town of Pagak near the border with
Ethiopia when rebels launched an offensive against government
forces.
   (Reuters, 8/11/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 12, South Sudan's
rebels said they had wrested control of Pagak, their stronghold town
near the country's border with Ethiopia, from government forces, a
day after launching an offensive to drive them out.
   (Reuters, 8/12/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 21, The head of the
International Committee of the Red Cross warned that South Sudan's
inability to pay civil servants risked worsening a humanitarian
crisis and urged donors to step in.
   (AFP, 8/21/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 26, In South Sudan
American freelance journalist Christopher Allen was killed while
covering clashes between government and rebel forces in Kaya. The
fighting also killed 18 others.
   (AFP, 8/27/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 28, South Sudan's
parliament passed its 2017/2018 budget but, after four years of war,
acknowledged it does not know where much of the funding will come
from.
   (Reuters, 8/29/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 8, In South Sudan a
Red Cross driver was shot dead when a convoy of their vehicles was
ambushed in Western Equatoria State.
   (Reuters, 9/9/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 13, The Red Cross said
it has halted operations across a third of South Sudan after gunmen
shot dead a staff member on Sep 8. The UN said this was the biggest
such suspension during the country's four-year civil war.
   (Reuters, 9/14/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 18, In South Sudan an
outbreak of fighting between government and rebel forces in the
oil-producing north left at least 25 people dead.
   (AFP, 9/19/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 27, South Sudan’s
President Salva Kiir ordered police to cooperate with a new
4,000-strong United Nations force being deployed in the capital
Juba.
   (AFP, 9/27/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 18, South Sudanese
rebel groups fought each other over the last 24 hours in Kajo Keji
between two groups: one loyal to former army general Thomas Cirillo
and one loyal to former vice president Riek Machar. At least three
people were killed.
   (Reuters, 10/19/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 1, South Sudanese
President Salva Kiir began a two-day visit to Sudan aimed at
resolving border disputes and addressing mutual accusations of
supporting rebels in each other's territory.
   (AFP, 11/1/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 4, South Sudan's
capital Juba was tense as more than 100 soldiers surrounded the
residence of powerful former army chief Paul Malong in a bid to
disarm his bodyguards. Malong, a general who was sacked by Pres.
Salva Kiir in May, is a hardline ethnic nationalist who belongs to
the president's majority Dinka tribe.
   (AFP, 11/4/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 7, South Sudanese
military commander Lt. Colonel Chan Garang, an ally of former army
chief Paul Malong, said he has defected with more than 200 soldiers
to the country's largest rebel group, amid a showdown between
President Salva Kiir and his former military chief.
   (Reuters, 11/7/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 14, A judge of South
Sudan's Supreme Court resigned, saying a lack of independence from
the executive had turned the judiciary into a "mockery" and
complaining of poor working conditions. All of South Sudan's judges
went on a five-month strike in May over poor pay.
   (Reuters, 11/14/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Nov 28, In South Sudan a
tribal militia killed at least 43 people in Jonglei state, extending
a spate of tit-for-tat revenge killings. Raiders from the Murle
ethnic group killed 20 men, 22 women and one child, and injured 19
people in the village of Duk Payel.
   (Reuters, 11/29/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 4, The Vatican said
Pope Francis has donated 25,000 euros ($30,000) to help feed the
South Sudan’s most vulnerable citizens ahead of the upcoming dry
season. The money was given to the United Nations' agricultural arm.
   (AP, 12/4/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 8, South Sudan
officials said at least 60 people have been killed and dozens
wounded in battles over livestock.
   (AFP, 12/7/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 12, A South Sudan
lawmaker said more than 170 people have been killed in fighting
between rival cattle herders in central South Sudan in the past
week.
   (AFP, 12/12/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 13, The UN announced
that South Sudan needs $1.7 billion in aid next year to help 6
million people, half of its population, cope with the effects of
war, hunger and economic decline. Aid groups said South Sudan is
hiking fees for humanitarians and blocking them from reaching hungry
families.
   (Reuters, 12/13/17)(Reuters, 12/14/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 14, South Sudan's
president gave top jobs to three generals facing UN sanctions over
alleged violations during a four-year-old civil war.
   (Reuters, 12/15/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 17, In South Sudan six
aid workers were missing after clashes broke out between government
and opposition soldiers near the northwestern town of Raga. An
opposition spokesman said four aid workers were found when fighting
a government-allied militia, during which they killed 35 militia
fighters between the towns of Wau and Raga in Western Bahr el Ghazal
state.
   (AP, 12/17/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 17, In South Sudan
President Salva Kiir's troops attacked the town of Lasu in Central
Equatoria State, which has served as the headquarters for Riek
Machar's SPLA-IO, the country’s main opposition movement.
   (AFP, 12/21/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 18, South Sudanese
rebels accused the government army of attacking one of their bases
overnight as a new round of peace talks between the warring sides
opened in the Ethiopian capital.
   (Reuters, 12/18/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 20, In South Sudan
government and rebel parties signed a ceasefire, effective on Dec.
31, in a four-year war that has already killed tens of thousands of
people.
   (Reuters, 12/22/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 21, In South Sudan a
spokesman for the SPLA-IO rebel group said army forces had attacked
a rebel base in Deim Jalab, in the western part of the country. Lam
Paul Gabriel said two rebels and five government troops were killed
in the fighting.
   (Reuters, 12/22/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 24, South Sudan's
armed opposition accused government troops of violating a cease-fire
just hours after it came into effect.
   (AP, 12/24/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 27, Officials said the
Congolese army has stepped up arrests of South Sudanese refugees and
tightened the border in a bid to block rebels from seeking sanctuary
in its country.
   (AFP, 12/27/17)
2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 28, South Sudanese
troops raided the home of exiled former army commander Paul Malong,
after his rival was named to command troops in his home region to
counter any threats he might pose to the government.
   (Reuters, 12/29/17)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 4, In South Sudan new
fighting erupted between government and opposition forces less than
20 km (12 miles) outside Juba.
   (AP, 1/5/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 8, The South Sudanese
government declared army chief of staff General Paul Malong a rebel
and accused him of being behind a series of attacks last week.
   (Reuters, 1/8/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 16, South Sudan
government and opposition forces have committed multiple violations
since the cease-fire began on Dec. 24, according to four separate
investigations released by the Cease-fire and Transitional Security
Arrangements Monitoring Mechanism, an independent body.
   (AP, 1/16/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 27, South Sudan said
it has temporarily abandoned some of the fees it charges foreign and
local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in a bid to encourage
groups to help with a humanitarian crisis.
   (Reuters, 1/27/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 2, The Trump
administration imposed a US arms embargo on civil war-torn South
Sudan and urged the United Nations and other countries to do the
same. The State Department said the US is restricting all sales of
defense equipment and services to all parties to South Sudan's
conflict.
   (AP, 2/2/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 4, It was reported
that child abductions have risen during South Sudan's civil war as
desperate people try to make a living. One child, no matter the age,
is said to sell for 20 cows, worth about $7,000.
   (AP, 2/4/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 6, In South Sudan
hundreds of protesters massed outside the US embassy and UN
headquarters in Juba, chanting slogans against an arms embargo
imposed by Washington, before some attacked journalists at the
scene.
   (Reuters, 2/6/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 7, The UN said more
than 300 child soldiers have been released by armed groups in South
Sudan.
   (SFC, 2/8/18, p.A2)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 12, In South Sudan a
spokesman for rebel leader Riek Machar was sentenced to death on
charges of treason and incitement against the government.
   (Reuters, 2/12/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 22, The UN said
journalists and rights activists in South Sudan have been killed or
arrested and newspapers closed, often by the government, hampering
coverage of one of the world's biggest humanitarian crises.
   (Reuters, 2/22/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 23, South Sudan's
government said it was asking the UN commission for the names of
accused senior military officials and will investigate. A new UN
report told of gang-rapes, castrations, ethnic violence and other
abuses. UN investigators said they had identified more than 40 South
Sudanese military officers who may be responsible for war crimes and
crimes against humanity.
   (AP, 2/23/18)(Reuters, 2/24/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 23, In South Sudan
former South African Col. William Endley (55) was sentenced to death
for attempting to overthrow the government. Endley, who can appeal
the ruling, was also sentenced to nine years and four months in
prison for other related crimes, which must be served before his
execution.
   (AFP, 2/23/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 24, The UN
peacekeeping mission in South Sudan said it has recalled a Ghanaian
police unit working at one of its protection camps while it
investigates allegations that some of them were involved in sexual
abuse.
   (Reuters, 2/24/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 26, It was reported
that the UN mission in South Sudan has recalled a 46-member
peacekeeping unit after some members allegedly paid women living in
a protection camp for sex. Ghanaian officers were recalled from Wau
to Juba.
   (SFC, 2/26/18, p.A2)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 5, The Sentry,
Washington D.C.-based group, accused South Sudan's government of
funneling cash from the state oil company to militias responsible
for atrocities and attacks on civilians. South Sudan’s government
dismissed the accusations.
   (Reuters, 3/5/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 9, South Sudan said it
is suspending the UN’s Radio Miraya station for allegedly refusing
to comply with the country's media laws. The government may not be
able to take the station off the air because the transmitter is on
the UN base in Juba.
   (AP, 3/9/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 15, The United Nations
Security Council unanimously adopted a resolution renewing for a
year its peace mission in South Sudan, while also threatening to
later impose an arms embargo if necessary.
   (AFP, 3/15/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 21, The US announced
sanctions on 15 South Sudanese oil operators. They will require
companies and government bodies to apply for special licenses to do
business in the United States, an action designed to increase
pressure on President Salva Kiir to end the conflict and
humanitarian crisis in South Sudan.
   (Reuters, 3/22/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 7, In South Sudan
armed men fired at the vehicle marked with logos of the Catholic
Organization for Relief and Development Aid as it travelled on a
road near the town of Bentiu and one of the workers died. A local
worker with the UNIDO organization was killed near Leer town in
Unity state.
   (http://tinyurl.com/ya6c24je)(SFC, 4/11/18, p.A2)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 18, In South Sudan
more than 200 child soldiers were released by armed groups, part of
a series of releases that will see almost 1000 children freed in the
coming months.
   (SFC, 4/19/18, p.A2)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 19, In South Sudan
government forces and opposition forces loyal to former military
chief Malong clashed in the town of Luri about 12 miles (19 km)
outside Juba. The opposition said one of its fighter was killed and
about 15 government soldiers lay dead beside a "destroyed tank".
   (AP, 4/20/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 20, South Sudan's
military chief, Gen. James Ajongo Mawut, died during a visit to
Egypt and after a "short illness".
   (Reuters 4/20/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 25, In South Sudan ten
aid workers went missing in the town of Yei.
   (Reuters, 4/26/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 30, The UN said ten
aid workers have been released after being abducted in South Sudan
almost a week ago.
   (AP, 4/30/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â May 17, The UN mission in
South Sudan (UNMISS) said it is sending 150 peacekeepers to Unity
state to protect civilians who are being targeted in clashes between
the government and rebel troops.
   (Reuters, 5/17/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 20, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir headed to Ethiopia for talks with rebel leader
Riek Machar on ending a five-year civil war in which tens of
thousands of civilians have been killed.
   (Reuters, 6/20/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 21, South Sudanese
rebels said that more time is needed to secure lasting peace in the
country and it would be necessary to address the root causes of a
civil war, after peace talks in Ethiopia between its leader Riek
Machar and Pres. Salva Kiir.
   (Reuters, 6/21/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 22, The latest attempt
at ending South Sudan's five-year civil war failed as President
Salva Kiir rejected working again with rival Riek Machar after their
first face-to-face meeting in almost two years.
   (AP, 6/22/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 25, South Sudan
President Salva Kiir met again with rival Riek Machar in neighboring
Sudan amid fragile efforts to end their country's five-year civil
war.
   (AP, 6/25/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 26, South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir and rebel leader Riek Machar reached an
agreement on "some points" in peace talks in Khartoum.
   (Reuters, 6/26/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 26, In South Sudan a
peacekeeper from Bangladesh was killed when unidentified gunmen
ambushed a humanitarian convoy on a road between the towns of Yei
and Lasu.
   (AP, 6/26/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 27, In Khartoum South
Sudan's President Salva Kiir and his arch-foe Riek Machar agreed to
a "permanent" ceasefire to take effect within 72 hours, raising
hopes of an end to four-and-a-half years of war.
   (AFP, 6/27/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jun 30, South Sudan's
armed opposition claimed that government troops violated the
country's latest cease-fire just hours after it began at midnight,
while a government spokesman accused the rebels of attacking
instead.
   (AP, 6/30/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 1, In South Sudan
rebels reportedly attacked Maban in Upper Nile state in the far
northeast near the border with Sudan violating the latest peace deal
aimed at ending a nearly five-year-old conflict. Government forces
responded. 18 civilians were reported killed and 44 wounded.
   (Reuters, 7/2/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 4, In South Sudan one
person was killed when unidentified gunmen attacked a convoy of
humanitarian trucks belonging to a contractor of UN children's
agency UNICEF north of Juba.
   (Reuters, 7/4/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 5, Sudan's officials
news reported that South Sudan's warring sides have reached an
agreement on security arrangements amid talks on a peace deal to end
a five-year civil war.
   (AP, 7/6/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 8, South Sudan's the
presidency said former vice president Riek Machar will be reinstated
in his position as part of a peace deal to end a near five-year-old
war following talks held in Entebbe, Uganda.
   (Reuters, 7/8/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 10, In South Sudan
rebels reportedly ambushed and killed three government soldiers who
had gone to look for wild cassava.
   (AP, 7/12/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 10, The UN human
rights office said at least 232 civilians were killed and 120 women
and girls raped in "scorched earth" attacks by South Sudan
government troops and aligned forces in opposition-held villages
earlier this year.
   (Reuters, 7/10/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 12, South Sudan's
parliament voted to extend President Salva Kiir's mandate until 2021
in a move likely to undermine peace talks as opposition groups have
said the change would be illegal. The extension also applies to vice
presidents, state lawmakers and governors. government troops
attacked rebel positions in Kajo Keji in the country's northwest in
fighting that killed five government soldiers and one rebel.
   (Reuters, 7/12/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 13, The United Nations
Security Council imposed an arms embargo on South Sudan, nearly five
years after civil war erupted in the country.
   (Reuters, 7/13/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 19, The latest Global
Slavery Index showed one in 10 people in North Korea live in
slavery, with most forced to work for the state. The index listed
Eritrea, Burundi, the Central African Republic, Afghanistan,
Mauritania, South Sudan, Pakistan, Cambodia and Iran as the worst
offenders after North Korea.
   (AP, 7/19/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Jul 25, South Sudan's
Pres. Salva Kiir and opposition leader Riek Machar initialed an
agreement in Khartoum to once again share power. The initialed
agreement will be signed on August 5.
   (SFC, 7/26/18, p.A4)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 5, South Sudan's Pres.
Salva Kiir and rebel opposition leader Rick Machar signed a peace
deal in Khartoum, Sudan, to share power in a transitional
government.
   (SFC, 8/6/18, p.A2)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 19, In South Sudan the
UN World Food Program dropped food supplies in Nyal, an
opposition-held town in the war-ravaged region. The WFP said it
expected 30,000 people will have come by the time it has delivered
the final drop on August 21. The UN has been dropping food supplies
in Nyal every three months since 2014.
   (Reuters, 8/20/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 28, South Sudan rebel
chief Riek Machar refused to sign a final peace deal with the
government, in a setback for a regional drive to end nearly five
years of brutal civil war. Officials said the rebel groups had
differences over the functioning of a proposed transitional
government, how many states the country should be divided into and
on the writing of a new constitution.
   (AFP, 8/28/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Aug 30, South Sudan said
it will resume oil production in northern Unity State for the first
time since the fields were destroyed in late 2013.
   (SFC, 8/31/18, p.A2)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 4, A new Amnesty
Int'l. report accused authorities in South Sudan of torturing people
to death and letting many others languish behind bars since
the civil war began in late 2013.
   (SFC, 9/5/18, p.A3)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 6, A South Sudan
military court found 10 soldiers guilty for their role in an attack
on a Juba hotel in which five foreign aid workers were gang-raped,
and a journalist was killed in July 2016.
   (AFP, 9/6/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 9, In central South
Sudan 20 people were killed when a small plane crashed into a lake
in Yirol. An Anglican bishop and four foreigners among the dead.
Three people survived.
   (AFP, 9/10/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 12, In Ethiopia an
agreement, brokered by regional bloc the Intergovernmental Authority
on Development (IGAD), was signed late today by South Sudan's
President Salva Kiir and rebel leader Riek Machar in Addis Ababa.
   (AFP, 9/13/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 14, In South Sudan
clashes erupted in Central Equatoria state when government troops
stormed bases in Lainya and Kajo Keji counties. Eight government
troops were killed in the battle in Lainya county. Another attack
took place in Mangalatore, near the site of the first attack, where
four government soldiers were killed. This came two days after the
warring sides signed what the government called a "final final"
peace agreement to end the civil war.
   (AP, 9/14/18)(Reuters, 9/15/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 25, A new study said
South Sudan's civil war has caused the deaths of at least 382,900
people, far higher than previous estimates and more than the
conflict in Syria. The statistical research was carried out by the
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and was published
after being commissioned by the US Institute for Peace in
partnership with the US State Department.
   (AFP, 9/26/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Sep 28, In South Sudan at
least 10 people died and dozens others injured after a hand grenade
exploded late today in a night club in the western town of Yambio.
   (Reuters, 10/1/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 7, In South Sudan
prisoners disarmed guards and seized control of part of a detention
center in Juba early today. A detainee said the inmates taking the
action were political prisoners seeking freedom.
   (Reuters, 10/7/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 18, A new UN report
said South Sudan's armed opposition abducted women and girls as
young as 12 and lined them up so commanders could choose "wives,"
and those not selected were left to be raped repeatedly by other
fighters. The report focused on the Western Equatoria region between
April and August, saying 900 people were abducted and some 24,000
people forced to flee their homes as fighting surged after months of
relative calm.
   (AP, 10/18/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 25, South Sudan freed
five political detainees and prisoners of war, although none
appeared to be senior rebel officials, a category of captive whose
release is required by a peace deal signed last month.
   (Reuters, 10/25/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 29, The World Food
Program said violence in South Sudan is blocking deliveries of food
aid needed to stave off severe hunger in some areas, adding to
evidence that a peace deal signed last month is not holding.
   (Reuters, 10/29/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Oct 31, In South Sudan
opposition leader Riek Machar returned to Juba to take part in a
nationwide peace celebration after fleeing South Sudan more than two
years ago. To further reinforce the peace deal, President Salva Kiir
ordered the release of a jailed advisor to Machar, and a spokesman
to his rebel group.
   (AP, 10/31/18)(Reuters, 10/31/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 1, Doctors Without
Borders said a "dramatic increase" in sexual violence occurred in
South Sudan over 10 days, between Nov. 19 and Nov. 29, as 125 women
and girls walked to a food distribution site in Bentiu in Unity
state. The women and girls were raped, whipped and clubbed in
attacks so shocking that some aid workers in South Sudan said they
are left speechless.
   (AP, 12/1/18)
2018Â Â Â Â Â Â Dec 18, South Sudan's
National Security Service forced several officials assessing the
country's new peace deal to strip and face "inhuman" treatment. Four
East African monitors were blindfolded, bound, kicked and robbed of
money and a wedding ring. The men were stripped to their underwear
and the woman was stripped naked. All were released five hours
later.
   (AP, 12/19/18)
2019Â Â Â Â Â Â Jan 23, South Sudan called
on the international community to fund efforts to implement a peace
deal, which is already four months behind schedule due to lack of
money.
   (AFP, 1/23/19)
2019Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 15, A report by the UN
human rights office and the UN mission in South Sudan recorded 175
cases, mainly rapes lasting hours by multiple uniformed and armed
men, just between September and December 2018.
   (Reuters, 2/15/19)
2019Â Â Â Â Â Â Feb 20, A UN report said
investigators have identified perpetrators of pervasive rape and
killings and torture in secret safe houses in South Sudan, and
believe oil revenues have driven much of the violence in its civil
war.
   (Reuters, 2/20/19)
2019Â Â Â Â Â Â Mar 4, In South Sudan the
leaders of Ethiopia and Eritrea met with President Salva Kiir
seeking to breathe new life into a flagging peace agreement signed
six months ago between his government and rebels.
   (AFP, 3/4/19)
2019Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 11, A retreat at the
Vatican for the leaders of South Sudan entered its second day, a
month before the end of the pre-transitional period of a shaky peace
deal.
   (AP, 4/11/19)
2019Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr 20, South Sudan's
opposition called for a six-month extension to implement next steps
in a fragile peace deal as a major deadline approaches next month to
form a power-sharing government between the president and his
longtime rival.
   (AP, 4/21/19)
2019Â Â Â Â Â Â Apr, South Sudan's
government signed a contract paying a US-based lobby firm $3.7
million to improve its relationship with the Trump administration
and to block a path to justice for victims of the country's
five-year civil war.
   (AP, 4/29/19)
2019Â Â Â Â Â Â May 2, South Sudan's rival
parties began two days of talks in Addis Ababa in a bid to salvage a
peace deal, with just days left before a unity government is meant
to be formed.
   (AFP, 5/2/19)
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