Timeline 1990
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1990 Jan 1, David Dinkins was sworn in as New York City's first black mayor.
(AP, 1/1/98)
1990 Jan 2, On Wall Street, the Dow Jones Industrial Average ended the day above 2,800 for the first time, at 2,810.15.
(AP, 1/2/00)
1990 Jan 2, A lahar from the Mt. Redoubt volcano in Alaska flooded part of the oil terminal in Cook Inlet.
(http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/About/What/Monitor/Hydrologic/AFMRedoubt.html)
1990 Jan 2, Alan Hale Jr. (b.1921), Skipper on Gilligan's Island, died of cancer.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Hale_Jr.)
1990 Jan 3, Ousted Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega surrendered to U.S. forces, 10 days after taking refuge in the Vatican's diplomatic mission.
(AP, 1/3/98)
1990 Jan 4, Charles Stuart, who had claimed a gunman had killed his pregnant wife and wounded him, leaped to his death from a Boston Harbor bridge after he became a suspect.
(AP, 1/4/00)
1990 Jan 4, Deposed Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega was arraigned in federal district court in Miami on drug-trafficking charges.
(AP, 1/4/00)
1990 Jan 4, In Sindh Province, Pakistan, an overcrowded 16-car passenger train collided with standing freight train and more than 210 people were killed.
(SFC, 6/4/98, p.A15)(AP, 2/18/04)
1990 Jan 5, President Bush told a news conference the United States had a strong case against deposed Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega and said he was convinced Noriega would receive a fair trial on drug-trafficking charges.
(AP, 1/5/00)
1990 Jan 6, Defense Secretary Dick Cheney told CNN the U.S. invasion of Panama should not be viewed as a new "Bush doctrine" inclined toward military intervention in countries where democratic elections had been subverted.
(AP, 1/6/00)
1990 Jan 7, The president of El Salvador, Alfredo Cristiani, said in a nationally broadcast address that military men two months earlier had massacred six Jesuit priests, their housekeeper and her daughter.
(AP, 1/7/00)
1990 Jan 8, In San Francisco Doris Ward (1932-2018) was worn in as president of the board of Supervisors, becoming the first African-American to serve in that position.
(SFC, 4/17/18, p.C1)
1990 Jan 8, Terry Thomas (78), English comic (Heroes), died of Parkinson's disease.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry-Thomas)
1990 Jan 8, Military tribunals in Romania began trials of the country's dreaded security forces who stood accused of resisting the revolution that toppled Nicolae Ceausescu.
(AP, 1/8/00)
1990 Jan 9, The space shuttle Columbia was launched on a 10-day mission that included retrieving a drifting scientific satellite.
(AP, 1/9/00)
1990 Jan 10, NCAA approved the random drug testing for college football players.
(http://tinyurl.com/ghgha)
1990 Jan 10, Chinese Premier Li Peng lifted Beijing's 7-month-old martial law and said that by crushing pro-democracy protests the army had saved China from "the abyss of misery."
(AP, 1/10/00)
1990 Jan 11, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev visited Lithuania, where he sought to assure supporters of independence that they would have a say in their republic's future.
(AP, 1/11/00)
1990 Jan 12, Astronauts aboard the space shuttle Columbia retrieved an 11-ton floating science laboratory in a rescue mission that kept the satellite from plunging to Earth.
(AP, 1/12/00)
1990 Jan 12, Civil Rights activist Rev. Al Sharpton was stabbed in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn.
(http://tinyurl.com/fpmgu)
1990 Jan 12, Laurence J. Peter (b.1919), author (Peter Principle), died of a stroke.
(www.nndb.com/lists/895/000106577/)
1990 Jan 13, L. Douglas Wilder of Virginia, the nation's first elected black governor, took the oath of office in Richmond.
(AP, 1/13/00)
1990 Jan 14, The Denver Broncos and the San Francisco 49ers earned a trip to the Super Bowl by winning the American and National Football Conference championships.
(AP, 1/14/00)
1990 Jan 16, Two Bank of Credit and Commerce (BCCI) members pleaded guilty to money laundering.
(www.fas.org/irp/congress/1992_rpt/bcci/08just.htm)
1990 Jan 16, The Soviet Union sent more than 11,000 reinforcements to the Caucasus to halt a civil war between Armenians and Azerbaijanis.
(AP, 1/16/00)
1990 Jan 17, A federal judge in Miami set March 1990 for the trial of ex-Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega on drug trafficking charges. After initial delays, Noriega was tried and convicted of racketeering and conspiracy to distribute cocaine, and was sentenced to 40 years in prison, later cut to 30 years.
(AP, 1/17/00)
1990 Jan 18, In an FBI sting, Washington, D.C., Mayor Marion Barry was arrested for drug possession. Barry was arrested while smoking crack cocaine and fondling a woman who was not his wife. He was later convicted of a misdemeanor.
(AP, 1/18/00)(SFC, 11/24/14, p.A6)
1990 Jan 18, A jury in Los Angeles acquitted former preschool operators Raymond Buckey and his mother, Peggy McMartin Buckey, of 52 child molestation charges.
(AP, 1/18/00)
1990 Jan 19, Arthur J. Goldberg, former Supreme Court justice, labor secretary and U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, was found dead in his Washington apartment at age 81.
(AP, 1/19/00)
1990 Jan 19, Elias Zayek, leader of the Christian Phalange party of Lebanon was shot and killed in Byblos. Samir Geagea, leader of the of the Lebanese Forces militia, was later accused and convicted (5/20/96) of the murder.
(SFC, 5/21/96, p.A-11)
1990 Jan 19, Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh (b.1931), Indian guru (Osho), died in Pune, India. From 1981 to 1985 he resided in the US. His followers were involved in a bio-terrorist attack in Oregon in 1984.
(SFC, 12/13/02, p.K6)(SFC, 6/15/05, p.A1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajneesh)
1990 Jan 20, The space shuttle Columbia returned from an 11-day mission.
(AP, 1/20/00)
1990 Jan 20, Actress Barbara Stanwyck died in Santa Monica, Calif., at age 82.
(AP, 1/20/00)
1990 Jan 20, The Soviets attacked Baku, leaving dozens dead and wounded. Gen’l. Lebed led Russian forces in Baku to crush the nationalist Azeri Popular Front. 62 civilians were killed and more than 200 wounded when the Soviet army stormed into the city of Baku to end what Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev called fratricidal killing between Muslim Azerbaijanis and Christian Armenians.
(WSJ, 12/18/96, p.A21)(CO, Grolier’s Amer. Acad. Enc./ Azerbaijan)(WSJ, 8/7/96, p.A15)(AP, 1/20/00)
1990 Jan 21, Azerbaijan Pres. Aliyev made his first public appearance since his 1987 resignation from the Soviet Politburo. He broke the information blackout and urged int’l. condemnation of the Soviet attack. Mutinous military cadets fired on troops patrolling the capital during a crackdown on a nationalist uprising.
(WSJ, 12/18/96, p.A21)(AP, 1/21/00)
1990 Jan 22, SF Giant’s first baseman Will Clark became the baseball’s highest paid player as he signed a 4-year contract for $15 million.
(SSFC, 1/18/15, DB p.46)
1990 Jan 22, A jury in Syracuse, N.Y., convicted graduate student Robert T. Morris of federal computer tampering charges for unleashing a "worm" that crippled a computer network.
(AP, 1/22/00)
1990 Jan 22, Roman Vishniac (b.1897), Russian-American street photographer, died in NYC. He is best known for capturing on film the culture of Jews in Central and Eastern Europe before the Holocaust.
(Econ, 1/26/13, p.76)
1990 Jan 22, Up to 2 million Azerbaijanis marched through the republic's capital to mourn those killed when Soviet troops put down a nationalist revolt.
(AP, 1/22/00)
1990 Jan 23, The 101st US Congress convened its second session, facing an agenda that included clean air legislation and deficit reduction.
(AP, 1/23/00)
1990 Jan 23, In Oregon Keith Hunter Jesperson (b.1955) began his career as a serial killer with the sexual assault and murder of Taunja Bennett. He went on to murder 8 women. He was arrested in March, 1995. In October 1995 just before going to trial, he pleaded guilty to the murder of Bennett. Multnomah County Presiding Judge Donald H. Londer sentenced Jesperson to life in prison, setting a minimum 30-year prison term before being eligible for parole. Jesperson claimed to have murdered up to 160 people in California, Florida, Washington, Oregon and Wyoming. In 2002 Jack Olsen (d.2002) authored “I: The Creation of a Serial Killer."
(SSFC, 8/18/02, p.M2)(www.crimelibrary.com/serial_killers/predators/jesperson/murder_1.html)
1990 Jan 24, The House voted 390-25 to override President Bush's veto of legislation protecting Chinese students from deportation. Bush prevailed in a Senate vote the next day.
(AP, 1/24/00)
1990 Jan 25, President Bush proposed to add an additional $1.2 billion to the budget for the war on drugs, including a 50% increase in military spending.
(www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/drugs/cron/index.html)
1990 Jan 25, An Avianca Boeing 707 ran out of fuel and crashed in Cove Neck, N.Y.; 73 of the 161 people aboard were killed.
(AP, 1/25/00)
1990 Jan 25, Actress Ava Gardner, star in 60 films, died in London at age 67. Her 3 husbands included Mickey Rooney (1942-1943), Artie Shaw (1945-1946) and Frank Sinatra (1951-1957).
(AP, 1/25/00)(SFEC, 3/12/00, Par p.2)
1990 Jan 26, Attorneys for Manuel Noriega challenged the jurisdiction of U.S. courts to try the deposed Panamanian leader on drug-trafficking charges, and said Noriega should be declared a prisoner of war.
(AP, 1/26/00)
1990 Jan 27, In Romania, four top associates of executed dictator Nicolae Ceausescu went on trial, charged with abetting genocide.
(AP, 1/27/00)
1990 Jan 28, The San Francisco 49ers routed the Denver Broncos, 55-10, in the 24th Super Bowl.
(AP, 1/28/00)
1990 Jan 29, Former Exxon Valdez skipper Joseph Hazelwood went on trial in Anchorage, Alaska, on charges stemming from the nation's worst oil spill; Hazelwood later was acquitted of the major charges and convicted of a misdemeanor.
(AP, 1/29/00)
1990 Jan 30, A federal judge ordered former President Reagan to provide excerpts of his personal diaries to John M. Poindexter for the former national security adviser's Iran-Contra trial. The judge later reversed himself, deciding the material was not essential.
(AP, 1/30/00)
1990 Jan 31, McDonald's Corp. opened its first fast-food restaurant in Moscow.
(AP, 1/31/98)
1990 Jan, In Albania demonstrations at Shkodra forced authorities to declare a state of emergency.
(www, Albania, 1998)
1990 Feb 1, Jane Novak (b.1896), film actress (Ghost Town), died of stroke in Woodland Hills, Ca. Her career began with silent films.
(www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8755790)
1990 Feb 1, East Germany's Communist premier, Hans Modrow, appealed for negotiations with West Germany to forge a "united fatherland."
(AP, 2/1/00)
1990 Feb 2, In a dramatic concession to South Africa's black majority, President F.W. de Klerk lifted a ban on the African National Congress and promised to free Nelson Mandela.
(AP, 2/2/00)
1990 Feb 2, In South Africa Benedict Daswa, as Catholic schoolteacher, was beaten to death in a spasm of violence born of a flash of lightning and a witch hunt. In 2012 a movement was under way to have the Vatican declare Daswa South Africa's first saint. Daswa was beatified on Sep 13.2015.
(AP, 7/15/12)(AFP, 9/13/15)
1990 Feb 3, The parliament of Bulgaria elected economist Andrei Lukanov to replace a hard-line Communist as premier. Lukanov became the prime minister after rising to the number 2 spot of the Communist hierarchy under Zhivkov. He oversaw the party’s formal break with Stalinism and victory in the first free elections.
(SFC, 10/5/96, p.A10)(AP, 2/3/00)
1990 Feb 4, Nine people were killed as guerrillas attacked a bus carrying Israeli tourists near Cairo, Egypt.
(AP, 2/4/00)
1990 Feb 4, Cheering protesters thronged Moscow streets to demand that the Communists surrender their stranglehold on power.
(AP, 2/4/00)
1990 Feb 5, The Nepali Congress passed a resolution officially launching the "country-wide peaceful mass movement." Shortly thereafter, as many as 475 opposition party members, human rights advocates, students, lawyers and journalists were arrested. In a number of incidents, police opened fire indiscriminately into crowds of unarmed demonstrators. Estimates of the number killed range from 50 to several hundred. While the lower figure probably is more accurate, the precise figure may never be known because the police disposed of many of the bodies in secret without conducting inquests.
(www.hrw.org/reports/1990/WR90/ASIA.BOU-07.htm)
1990 Feb 5, Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev told the Communist Party it had to earn the right to rule, instead of treating it as an unchallenged right.
(AP, 2/5/00)
1990 Feb 6, Soviet Communist Party leaders decided to extend a two-day party session by an extra day amid controversy over Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev's proposals to revamp the country's political structure.
(AP, 2/6/00)
1990 Feb 7, An 811-foot tanker, the American Trader, spilled hundreds of thousands of gallons of Alaskan crude oil off the coast of Huntington Beach, Calif.
(AP, 2/7/00)
1990 Feb 7, Judith Clancy (b.1950), SF artist, died of cancer.
(www.undo.net/cgi-bin/undo/pressrelease/pressrelease.pl?id=1095157331)
1990 Feb 7, In Pakistan riots broke out between rival political parties and 22 people were hurt.
(http://tinyurl.com/htbtm)
1990 Feb 7, The Soviet Union's Communist Party agreed to let other political parties compete for control of the country, thereby giving up its monopoly on power.
(AP, 2/7/00)
1990 Feb 8, CBS television temporarily suspended Andy Rooney for his anti-gay and anti-black remarks in a gay magazine interview.
(HN, 2/8/99)
1990 Feb 8, In California Christy Pina (14) was found dead in an artichoke field just off Highway 1 in Castroville. She had been strangled, raped and stabbed repeatedly. In 1996 advanced DNA technology identified Arsenio Pacheco Leyva as the killer, but he had gone into hiding. Leyva was later arrested in Mexico and spent over three years in jail before he was extradited to the US to face charges. On May 3, 2018, Leyva (56) was booked at the Monterey County Jail.
(SFC, 5/8/18, p.C4)
1990 Feb 8, In NYC a gunman botched an attempt to rob a diamond courier. He then shot and killed Rabbi Chaskel Werzberger in his vehicle and rode off in the vehicle. David Ranta, an unemployed drug addict, was arrested on circumstantial evidence and “uncertain" witness testimony. In 2013 Ranta was freed from his 37.5 year prison sentence.
(SFC, 2/22/13, p.A7)
1990 Feb 9, John Gotti (1940-2002) was acquitted of charges that he commissioned the Westies gang to shoot a union official in Manhattan’s Hell’s Kitchen. This earned him the nickname "The Teflon Don."
(SFC, 6/11/02, p.A2)
1990 Feb 9, Perrier Group of America Inc. announced it was voluntarily recalling its inventory of mineral water in the United States after tests showed the presence of benzene in a small number of bottles.
(AP, 2/9/00)
1990 Feb 9, The Galileo satellite, launched Oct. 18, 1989, made its closest approach to Venus.
(www.jpl.nasa.gov/releases/90/release_1990_0124.html)
1990 Feb 10, In Indonesia Mount Kelud erupted. Some 33 post eruption lahars took place from Feb 15-mar28 and more than 30 people were killed with hundreds injured.
(AP, 11/3/07)(www.springerlink.com/content/x7d7qvad0ct3c9bf/)
1990 Feb 10, South African President F.W. de Klerk announced that black activist Nelson Mandela would be released the next day after 27 years in captivity.
(AP, 2/10/00)
1990 Feb 11, In a stunning upset, heavyweight champion Mike Tyson was knocked out in the 10th round of his fight with Buster Douglas in Tokyo.
(AP, 2/11/00)
1990 Feb 11, Nelson Mandela was released from South Africa’s Victor Verster prison after being detained for 27 years as a political prisoner fighting against Apartheid.
(AP, 2/11/97)(SFC, 12/6/13, p.A19)
1990 Feb 12, President Bush rejected Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev's new initiative for troop reductions in Europe, but predicted a "major success" on arms control at the superpower summit in June.
(AP, 2/12/00)
1990 Feb 12, Robert Ouko (b.1931), Kenya’s foreign minister and member of the Luo tribe, was murdered during his investigation of corruption charges against the government.
(Econ, 2/9/08, p.51)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Ouko)
1990 Feb 13, At a conference in Ottawa, the United States and its European allies forged agreement with the Soviet Union and East Germany on a two-stage formula to reunite Germany.
(AP, 2/13/00)
1990 Feb 14, Space probe Voyager 1 took photographs of entire solar system.
(www.nmm.ac.uk/server/show/conMediaFile.4331)
1990 Feb 14, Ninety-four people were killed when an Indian Airlines passenger jet crashed while landing at a southern Indian airport.
(AP, 2/14/00)
1990 Feb 15, Professional baseball owners locked out their players.
(440 Int’l., 2/15/99)
1990 Feb 15, President Bush and the leaders of Colombia, Bolivia and Peru met in Cartagena, Colombia for a drug-fighting summit.
(AP, 2/15/00)
1990 Feb 15, The San Francisco Recreation and Parks Commission decided that the gigantic concrete cross atop Mount Davidson will remain a city-owned landmark, but that it should never be lit again.
(SSFC, 2/15/15, DB p.42)
1990 Feb 16, Former President Reagan began two days of giving a videotaped deposition in Los Angeles for the Iran-Contra trial of former national security adviser John Poindexter.
(AP, 2/16/00)
1990 Feb 17, Former President Reagan spent a second day in a Los Angeles courtroom, giving videotaped testimony about the Iran-Contra affair for the trial of his former national security adviser, John Poindexter.
(AP, 2/17/00)
1990 Feb 17, The first set of Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) officials were elected. Due to electoral protest, the ARMM formally started to function only on July 9, 1990 following the oath taking of Atty. Zacaria A. Candao as First Regional Governor of ARMM.
(http://www.armm.gov.ph/armm-history/)
1990 Feb 18, In general elections, Japan's conservative governing party held onto its 34-year-old majority in the Parliament's lower house.
(AP, 2/18/00)
1990 Feb 19, US Defense Secretary Dick Cheney, snubbed by Philippine President Corazon Aquino, met in Manila with Defense Minister Fidel Ramos to discuss the future of U.S. bases in the country.
(AP, 2/19/00)
1990 Feb 19, Michael Powell (84), English director (Life & Death of Col Blimp), died.
(www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/447167/index.html)
1990 Feb 20, President Bush welcomed Czechoslovak President Vaclav Havel to the White House, promising trade rewards for Prague's moves toward democracy.
(AP, 2/20/00)
1990 Feb 21, Addressing the U.S. Congress, Czechoslovak President Vaclav Havel said his nation welcomed U.S. help after decades of Soviet domination, but also said Europe should eventually "decide for itself" how long American and Soviet troops should remain.
(AP, 2/21/00)
1990 Feb 22, Former President Reagan's videotaped testimony for the trial of former national security adviser John Poindexter was released in Washington; in his deposition, Reagan said he never had "any inkling" his aides were secretly arming the Nicaraguan Contras.
(AP, 2/22/00)
1990 Feb 23, James Gavin (b.1907), US commander 82nd Airborne Div (Normandy), died. He was known as “the jumping general" for parachuting along with combat troops in WW II.
(www.britannica.com/dday/article-9000825)
1990 Feb 23, Former Salvadoran President Jose Napoleon Duarte died at age 64.
(AP, 2/23/00)
1990 Feb 24, Magazine publisher Malcolm Forbes died in Far Hills, N.J. at age 70.
(AP, 2/24/00)
1990 Feb 24, Johnnie Ray (63), fifties balladeer (Cry), died in Los Angeles of liver failure.
(AP, 2/24/00)
1990 Feb 25, Enver Hadri, a human rights leader, was allegedly shot in the head by Veselin Vukotic and two other men while he was stopped at a traffic light in Brussels, Belgium. Hadri had papers on him incriminating former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic in assassinations. All three gunmen were believed to be hitmen working for the Yugoslav secret service. Veselin was arrested in Spain in 2006.
(AP, 2/27/06)
1990 Feb 25, Nicaraguans voted in an election that led to an upset victory for opponents of the ruling Sandinistas. Daniel Ortega, communist president of Nicaragua, lost to Violeta Chamorro.
(WSJ, 3/12/96, p. A-16)(AP, 2/25/98)
1990 Feb 26, USSR agreed to withdraw all 73,500 troops from Czechoslovakia by July, 1991.
(SC, 2/26/02)
1990 Feb 27, The US Supreme Court ruled that prison officials could force inmates to take powerful anti-psychotic drugs without a judge's consent.
(AP, 2/27/00)
1990 Feb 27, Exxon Corp and Exxon Shipping were indicted on 5 criminal counts for the oil spill at Valdez, Alaska.
(www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/02.htm)
1990 Feb 28, In San Francisco protesters lit the street outside the St. Francis Hotel with a flaming torch parade and bonfire as part of demonstrations against a visit by Pres. George H.W. Bush.
(SSFC, 3/1/15, DB p.42)
1990 Feb 28, Space shuttle Atlantis blasted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla. on a secret mission to place a spy satellite in orbit.
(AP, 2/28/00)
1990 Feb, Cisco Systems Corp. went public.
(SFC,11/5/97, p.D1)
1990 Feb, In Germany a group of artists occupied Tacheles, a building in East Berlin, two months before it was scheduled for demolition. The squatters saved it by getting the city to declare it a historic landmark. Their lease ended Dec. 31, 2008, and residents were advised to move out though no court order was issued.
(AP, 2/13/09)
1990 Mar 1, The controversial Seabrook, N.H., nuclear power plant won federal permission to go on line after two decades of protests and legal struggles.
(AP, 3/1/00)
1990 Mar 1, Benin nullified its constitution.
(SC, 3/1/02)
1990 Mar 1, Luis Alberto Lacelle was sworn in as President of Uruguay.
(SC, 3/1/02)
1990 Mar 2, More than 6,000 drivers went on strike against Greyhound Lines Inc. The company, later declaring an impasse in negotiations, fired the strikers.
(AP, 3/2/00)
1990 Mar 2, A grenade attack in downtown Panama killed a U.S. soldier and injured 28 other people at the My Place discotheque on Via Espania and Calle 50.
(AP, 3/2/00)
1990 Mar 3, President Bush sparked controversy by expressing opposition to the settlement of Soviet Jewish refugees in East Jerusalem.
(AP, 3/3/00)
1990 Mar 3, Carole Gist (20) of Michigan was 1st black crowned 39th Miss USA.
(SC, 3/3/02)
1990 Mar 4, The 20th Easter Seal Telethon was held.
(SC, 3/4/02)
1990 Mar 4, Atlantis 6, the US 65th manned space mission STS 36, returned from space.
(SC, 3/4/02)
1990 Mar 4, Voters in the Soviet republics of Russia, Byelorussia and the Ukraine participated in local and legislative elections, resulting in notable gains for reformists and nationalists.
(AP, 3/4/00)
1990 Mar 5, To the cheers of onlookers, workers in Bucharest, Romania, finally succeeded in removing a 25-foot, seven-ton bronze statue of Vladimir Lenin from its foundation.
(AP, 3/5/00)
1990 Mar 6, The Soviet parliament overwhelmingly approved legislation allowing people to own factories and hire workers for the first time in nearly seven decades.
(AP, 3/6/00)
1990 Mar 7, Health and Human Services Secretary Louis Sullivan announced the US government would propose a more informative food-labeling system that would require the disclosure of the fat, fiber and cholesterol content of nearly all packaged foods.
(AP, 3/7/00)
1990 Mar 8, Opening arguments were heard in the Iran-Contra trial of former national security adviser John M. Poindexter.
(AP, 3/8/00)
1990 Mar 8, In San Francisco Giovanni Torrocha (30), part owner of the Grant and Green Bar and the Condor nightclub shot and killed Francesco Tarsitano (42), a chef and former maitre d’ of Martinelli’s, in the vengeful climax of a love triangle.
(SSFC, 3/8/15, p.42)
1990 Mar 8, NYC's Zodiac killer shoot his 1st victim, Mario Orosco. Orozco survived a bullet lodged near his spine.
(http://karisable.com/skazzodiac.htm)
1990 Mar 9, Dr. Antonia Novello (b.1944) was sworn in as the US surgeon general, becoming the first woman and the first Hispanic to hold the job. Dr. Novello became Commissioner of Health for the State of New York in 1999.
(AP, 3/9/98)(www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/history/bionovello.htm)
1990 Mar 10, Haitian ruler Lt. Gen. Prosper Avril resigned during a popular uprising against his military regime.
(AP, 3/10/00)
1990 Mar 11, Chile’s General Augusto Pinochet gave up power after 16 years of rule, but remained commander of the army. Some 3,200 people were murdered under his dictatorship and 30,000 more were tortured. Patricio Aylwin (1918-2016) began serving as president.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricio_Aylwin)(Econ, 12/16/06, p.89)(SFC, 4/20/16, p.A2)
1990 Mar 11, The Lithuanian parliament voted to break away from the Soviet Union and restore its independence. The Supreme Council promulgated the historic document: "On the Re-establishment of the Independent State of Lithuania." Validity of the 1938 Constitution was briefly reinstated and the provisional Fundamental Law was adopted. Vytautas Landsbergis was elected president of Lithuania under the party Sajudis. Landsbergis was elected Chairman of the Council with Bronislovas Juozas Kuzmickas, Kazimieras Motieka and Ceslovas Stankevicius as Vice Chairmen, with Liuvikas Sabutis as Secretary. Four governments were formed under tenure of the Council. They were led by Kazimiera Danute Prunskiene, Albertas Simenas, Gediminas Vagnorius and Aleksandras Algirdas Abisala. Moscow responded with an economic blockade that brought industry and transportation to a standstill. In June the Lithuanians agreed to suspend independence.
(DrEE, 10/5/96, p.5)(CSOE)(HN, 3/11/98)(AP, 3/11/00)
1990 Mar 12, Vice President Quayle met in Santiago, Chile, with Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega, who promised to peacefully relinquish power to Violeta Chamorro, the U.S.-backed candidate who had won Nicaragua's presidential election.
(AP, 3/12/00)
1990 Mar 13, President Bush lifted trade sanctions against Nicaragua in a show of support for President-elect Violeta Chamorro.
(AP, 3/13/00)
1990 Mar 13, The Soviet Congress of People's Deputies approved Mikhail S. Gorbachev's proposals for a multiparty political system headed by a powerful president.
(AP, 3/13/00)
1990 Mar 13, Bruno Bettelheim (86), Austrian-US psychoanalyst, committed suicide. His books included "The Empty Fortress" (1967), on infantile autism and "the Use of Enchantment" (1976), a study of fairy tales. In 1996 Richard Pollak wrote: "The Creation of Dr. B: A Biography of Bruno Bettelheim." In 2002 Theron Raines authored "Rising to the Light: A Portrait of Bruno Bettelheim."
(SFC, 12/29/96, BR p.1)(SSFC, 9/8/02, p.M4)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Bettelheim)
1990 Mar 14, The United States, the Soviet Union, Britain, France, and West and East Germany held their first formal meeting on reunifying the German states.
(AP, 3/14/00)
1990 Mar 14, The Soviet Congress elected Mikhail S. Gorbachev president of the Soviet Congress, a day after creating the post.
(HN, 3/14/98)(AP, 3/14/00)
1990 Mar 15, Iraq executed London-based journalist Farzad Bazoft, claiming he was a spy.
(AP, 3/15/00)
1990 Mar 15, The Israeli government of Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir lost a vote of confidence in the Knesset after Shamir refused to accept a U.S. plan for Israeli-Palestinian peace talks.
(AP, 3/15/00)
1990 Mar 16, Brazil announced the Collor Plan. It was a collection of economic reforms and inflation-stabilization plans carried out during the presidency of Fernando Collor de Mello, between 1990 and 1992. The plan was officially called New Brazil Plan. It combined fiscal and trade liberalization with radical inflation stabilization measures.
(Econ, 11/14/09, SR p.5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plano_Collor)
1990 Mar 16, South African President F.W. de Klerk announced that exiled African National Congress leaders could return home for talks with the white-led government.
(AP, 3/16/00)
1990 Mar 18, There was a theft of art work from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston. 2 men dressed as policemen made off with masterworks that included Rembrandt’s "The Storm on the Sea of Galilee," Vermeer’s "The Concert," Manet’s "Chez Tortoni," and 5 paintings and drawings by Edgar Degas and a 1200 BC Chinese bronze beaker valued at $300 million. The theft led Sen. Edward Kennedy to sponsor the museum theft provision of the 1994 Omnibus Crime Act. In 2009 Ulrich Boser authored “The Gardner Heist." In 2013 the FBI said it knows who stole the artwork but withheld the identity of the thieves.
(WSJ, 8/9/96, p.A8)(WSJ, 5/13/97, p.A21)(SFC, 8/26/97, p.A3)(SFC,12/15/97, p.A3)(WSJ, 2/20/09, p.W10)(SFC, 2/19/13, p.A6)
1990 Mar 18, An alliance of conservative parties won a surprising victory over the Communists in East Germany's first free elections.
(AP, 3/18/00)
1990 Mar 19, Latvia's political opposition claimed victory in the republic's first free elections in 50 years, and reformers also claimed victories in crucial runoffs held in Russia, Byelorussia and Ukraine.
(AP, 3/19/00)
1990 Mar 19, Kremlin warned Lithuania against taking over factories, putting up border posts.
(AP, 3/19/03)
1990 Mar 20, Namibia became an independent nation, marking the end of 75 years of South African rule. The South African colony gained independence after 25 years of guerrilla war. Namibians began petitioning the U.N. as early as 1947, developing political parties, most notably SWAPO (South West Africa People‘s Organization) to voice opposition to South African rule. Armed resistance to South African rule began in earnest in the 1970s and continued into the 1980s, which combined with drought and other factors, contributed to an overwhelming drain to South Africa‘s economy. The UN Security Council eventually demanded independence for Namibia, but transition elections were not agreed to by South Africa until December 1988 after a military disaster involving Angola. The UN Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) started work in April 1989 with elections giving SWAPO 57% of the vote. On March 21 of the following year, the South African flag was lowered and the Namibian flag raised in Namibia‘s National Stadium.
(LVRJ, 11/1/97, p.20A)(SFEC, 3/1/98, p.T4)(AP, 3/20/00)(HNQ, 2/13/01)
1990 Mar 20, The last Indian peacekeepers left Sri Lanka.
(www.india-seminar.com/1999/479/479%20mehta.htm)
1990 Mar 21, Secretary of State James Baker met black nationalist leader Nelson Mandela in Namibia.
(AP, 3/21/00)
1990 Mar 21, Elkins, West Virginia, reported a record national low of minus 16 degrees.
(SFC, 3/21/09, p.D10)
1990 Mar 21, Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev increased pressure on the breakaway republic of Lithuania, ordering its citizens to turn in their guns.
(AP, 3/21/00)
1990 Mar 22, A jury in Anchorage, Alaska, found former tanker captain Joseph Hazelwood innocent of three major charges in connection with the Exxon Valdez oil spill, but convicted him of a minor charge of negligent discharge of oil.
(HN, 3/22/97)(AP, 3/22/00)
1990 Mar 23, Former Exxon Valdez Captain Joseph Hazelwood was sentenced by a judge in Anchorage, Alaska, to help clean up Prince William Sound and pay $50,000 in restitution for his role in the 1989 oil spill.
(AP, 3/23/00)
1990 Mar 23, Rene Enriquez (56), actor (Hill St Blues), died of pancreatic cancer.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0258089/)
1990 Mar 24, Soviet military vehicles rumbled through the heart of the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius as lawmakers in the breakaway Baltic republic voted to transfer their power to foreign soil if they were attacked or arrested.
(AP, 3/24/00)
1990 Mar 25, Star Trek V won as worst picture in the 10th Golden Raspberry Awards.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Golden_Raspberry_Awards)
1990 Mar 25, Eighty-seven people, most of them Honduran and Dominican immigrants, were killed when an arson fire raced through the illegal Happy Land Social Club in New York City. Julio Gonzalez, 36, was charged with arson and murder. Gonzalez was convicted in August 1991 and was sentenced to 174 twenty-five-year sentences (a total of 4,350 years), the longest sentence ever handed down in New York. He is eligible for parole in 2015.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julio_Gonz%C3%A1lez_(arsonist))c
1990 Mar 26, "Driving Miss Daisy" won best picture at the 62nd annual Academy Awards and captured the best actress prize for Jessica Tandy; Daniel Day-Lewis was named best actor for "My Left Foot."
(AP, 3/26/00)
1990 Mar 26, Designer Halston died in San Francisco at age 57.
(AP, 3/26/00)
1990 Mar 27, The U.S. began test broadcasts of TV Marti to Cuba, which promptly jammed the signal.
(AP, 3/27/00)
1990 Mar 27, Soviet soldiers began rounding up Lithuanians who had fled the Red Army after the republic's declaration of independence.
(AP, 3/27/00)
1990 Mar 28, Jesse Owens (1913-1980) was awarded (posthumously) the Congressional Gold Medal from President George Bush.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Owens)
1990 Mar 28, British customs officials announced they had foiled an attempt to supply Iraq with 40 American-made devices for triggering nuclear weapons, following an 18-month investigation by U.S. and British authorities.
(AP, 3/28/00)
1990 Mar 29, President Bush, addressing the National Leadership Coalition on AIDS, declared his administration "on a wartime footing" against the disease, and called for compassion, not discrimination, toward those infected with the virus.
(AP, 3/29/00)
1990 Mar 30, Idaho Gov. Cecil Andrus vetoed a highly restrictive state abortion measure, saying the bill gave a woman and her family no flexibility in cases of rape and incest.
(AP, 3/30/00)
1990 Mar 30, Harry Bridges (b.1901), Australian-born SF labor activist, died.
(SFC, 7/27/01, p.A19)
1990 Mar 31, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev warned the defiant Baltic republic of Lithuania to annul its declaration of independence or face "grave consequences."
(AP, 3/31/00)
1990 Mar 31, Hundreds of people were injured in rioting in London over Britain's so-called "poll tax." The poll-tax disturbances helped to bring down PM Margaret Thatcher.
(AP, 3/31/00)(Econ, 3/8/08, p.66)
1990 Mar, Over 700 people from around the world gathered for the First International Ecocity Conference in Berkeley, Ca.
(PacDis, Spring '94, p. 27)
1990 Mar, GM and SAAB completed setting up a joint auto-making venture in Europe. They had agreed on Dec. 15, 1989, to form a 50-50 joint auto-making company, called Saab Automobile A.B.
(http://tinyurl.com/oktgl)
1990 Mar, Several people were killed and hundreds injured in clashes between Romanians and ethnic Hungarians in the Transylvanian city of Targu Mures. The Szeklers make up about a third of Romania's 1.4 million Hungarian minority.
(AP, 10/8/06)
1990 Mar, Namibia, the South African colony, gained independence.
(LVRJ, 11/1/97, p.20A)
1990 Mar, Following the Sudanese government's failure to make any move toward restoring democracy after the June 1989 military coup, the US government suspended all development assistance to Sudan under Section 513 of the Foreign Assistance Act, which mandates a cutoff in most U.S. aid to any nation where an elected government has been overthrown in a coup. However, food aid under P.L. 480 and humanitarian assistance are permitted to continue.
(www.hrw.org/reports/1992/WR92/AFW-09.htm)
1990 Apr 1, The US Federal Hourly Minimum Wage was set at $3.80 an hour.
(www.dol.gov/esa/minwage/chart.htm)
1990 Apr 1, CBS fired sportscaster Brent Musburger (b.1939).
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brent_Musburger)
1990 Apr 1, More Soviet military vehicles rolled through the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius, a day after Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev warned the Baltic republic to annul its declaration of independence.
(AP, 4/1/00)
1990 Apr 2, The University of Nevada at Las Vegas won the NCAA college basketball championship, defeating Duke 103-73.
(AP, 4/2/00)
1990 Apr 2, Saddam Hussein of Iraq threatened to hit Israel with binary chemical weapons.
(http://tinyurl.com/oz5my)
1990 Apr 2, In a conciliatory gesture, the president of Lithuania invited Kremlin officials to discuss the republic's secession drive.
(AP, 4/2/00)
1990 Apr 3, Sarah Vaughan (66), Jazz singer, died in suburban Los Angeles.
(AP, 4/3/00)
1990 Apr 3, A delegation from the rebellious republic of Lithuania met with an adviser to Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev.
(AP, 4/3/00)
1990 Apr 4, Secretary of State James Baker met in Washington with his Soviet counterpart, Eduard Shevardnadze, for three days of talks on the Lithuanian crisis and arms control.
(AP, 4/4/00)
1990 Apr 4, Security law violator Ivan Boesky was released from federal custody.
(http://www3.cnn.com/almanac/9804/04/)
1990 Apr 5, It was announced that President Bush and Soviet President Gorbachev would hold their first full-scale summit in the United States.
(AP, 4/5/00)
1990 Apr 5, Paul Newman won a court victory over Julius Gold to keep giving all profits from Newman foods to charity.
(http://openweb.tvnews.vanderbilt.edu/1990-4/1990-04-05-CBS-15.html)
1990 Apr 6, Secretary of State James Baker and Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze concluded three days of talks in Washington, after which Shevardnadze handed President Bush a letter from Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev.
(AP, 4/6/00)
1990 Apr 7, A display of Robert Mapplethorpe photographs opened at Cincinnati's Contemporary Arts Center, the same day the center and its director were indicted on obscenity charges. Both were later acquitted.
(AP, 4/7/00)
1990 Apr 7, Former national security adviser John M. Poindexter was convicted of five counts at his Iran-Contra trial. However, a federal appeals court later reversed the convictions.
(HN, 4/7/97)(AP, 4/7/00)
1990 Apr 7, In Myanmar a double-decker ferry sank in Gyaing River during a storm and 215 people were believed drowned.
(www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0005329.html)
1990 Apr 7, An arson fire aboard a ferry enroute from Norway to Denmark killed 159 people.
(AP, 4/7/00)(AP, 1/14/12)
1990 Apr 8, The cult series Twin Peaks, an American television serial drama created by Mark Frost and David Lynch, premiered on ABC TV. It ran until Apr 18, 1991.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_Peaks)(SFC, 2/19/96, zz-1 p.3)(AP, 4/8/00)
1990 Apr 8, Ryan White (18), the teen-age AIDS patient whose battle for acceptance gained national attention, died in Indianapolis. The Ryan White Foundation was established for AIDS education programs after his death and it closed its doors due to dwindling funds in 1999.
(AP, 4/8/97)(SFC, 10/19/99, p.A3)
1990 Apr 8, A global conference of the Prague-based International Romani Union, a coalition of organizations working to ease the plight of Gypsies, designated this day as International Day of Roma.
(AP, 4/8/06)
1990 Apr 9, The baseball season opened a week late because of a labor dispute.
(AP, 4/9/00)
1990 Apr 9, Humorist John Henry Faulk, who challenged his blacklisting in the entertainment industry in the 1950s, died in Austin, Texas, at age 76.
(AP, 4/9/00)
1990 Apr 10, San Francisco’s Board of Supervisors approved reducing the city’s curfew laws. Minors under 14 will be banned from public places between midnight and 5am. The old law included minors under 18 from 11pm to 6am.
(SSFC, 4/5/15, DB p.42)
1990 Apr 10, H.J. Heinz said it would not sell tuna caught in nets that also trap dolphins.
(http://tinyurl.com/kj7mq)
1990 Apr 10, Three European hostages -- a French woman, a Belgian man and their two-year-old daughter, who was born in captivity -- were released in Lebanon by the Abu Nidal Palestinian guerrilla group following an appeal by Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi.
(AP, 4/10/00)
1990 Apr 10, Teddy Wang Tei-huei (57), Hong Kong real estate tycoon, was kidnapped for a 2nd time. Abductors demanded $60 million. His wife Nina Wang paid a $34 million installment, but it was too late. His body was never found. Wang was declared legally dead in 1999.
(WSJ, 10/20/99, p.A23)(Econ, 7/3/04, p.52)
1990 Apr 11, Funeral services were held in Indianapolis for AIDS patient Ryan White, who had died three days earlier at age 18. Among the 1,500 mourners were first lady Barbara Bush and singers Elton John and Michael Jackson.
(AP, 4/11/00)
1990 Apr 11, Konstantinos Mitsotakis (b.1918) of the New Democracy party became prime minister of Greece with one vote from an independently elected member of the parliament. He held office to October 13, 1993.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Mitsotakis)(Econ, 12/3/16, p.43)
1990 Apr 12, Greyhound Bus hired new drivers to replace strikers.
(www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi?askmonth=04&askday=12)
1990 Apr 12, James Brown (b.1933) was moved to the lower Savannah Work Center in Aiken County, SC, after serving 15 months.
(www.epinions.com/content_3372720260)
1990 Apr 12, In its first meeting, East Germany's first democratically elected parliament acknowledged responsibility for the Nazi Holocaust, and asked the forgiveness of Jews and others who had suffered.
(AP, 4/12/00)
1990 Apr 13, The Soviet Union accepted responsibility for the World War II murders of thousands of imprisoned Polish officers in the Katyn Forest, a massacre the Soviets had previously blamed on the Nazis.
(AP, 4/13/97)
1990 Apr 14, The hip-hop group Salt-N-Pepa hit the top #40 on the pop singles chart with "Expression."
(www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1990/04-14.htm)
1990 Apr 14, Lithuanian officials, facing a Kremlin deadline to back away from their declaration of independence, acknowledged that an economic blockade threatened by Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev could result in huge layoffs.
(AP, 4/14/00)
1990 Apr 15, Actress Greta Garbo died in New York City at age 84. In 1997 Karen Swenson authored "Greta Garbo: A Life Apart." In 2000 the Rosenbach Museum in Philadelphia opened 55 letters written by Garbo to her lesbian friend Mercedes de Acosta (d.1968) between 1931-1959. Acosta was a Spanish aristocrat turned Hollywood screenwriter.
(AP, 4/15/97)(SFEC, 4/16/00, p.A5)
1990 Apr 16, The US Supreme Court rejected appeals by Dalton Prejean, a nearly retarded man, who was condemned to die for the 1977 murder of a Louisiana state trooper. Prejean was executed the following month.
(AP, 4/16/00)
1990 Apr 16, The US Supreme Court let stand a ban on school dances in the Bible Belt town of Purdy, Mo.
(AP, 4/16/00)
1990 Apr 16, In San Francisco some 950 shops and restaurants in Chinatown shut down in protest over Mayor Art Agnos’ proposal to demolish the embarcadero Freeway.
(SSFC, 4/12/15, DB p.42)
1990 Apr 17, President Bush warned the Soviet Union against carrying out an economic blockade of Lithuania, hinting at "appropriate responses."
(AP, 4/17/00)
1990 Apr 17, The US Supreme Court in Employment Division v Smith said two members of a native American church had no First Amendment right to unemployment compensation after being fired for ingesting peyote as part of their religious observance.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employment_Division_v._Smith)(Econ, 7/9/16, p.24)
1990 Apr 17, The Rev. Ralph D. Abernathy, the civil rights activist and top aide to Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., died in Atlanta at age 64.
(AP, 4/17/00)
1990 Apr 18, The US Supreme Court ruled that states may make it a crime to possess or look at child pornography, even in one's home.
(AP, 4/18/00)
1990 Apr 18, Bankruptcy court forced Frank Lorenzo (b.1940) to give up Eastern Airlines.
(www.airlinesafety.com/Unions/UnionVictoryAtEastern.htm)
1990 Apr 18, A Franco-German proposal was made at the Dublin summit for the political union of the 12 European Community member countries.
(www.unesco.org/mitterrand/anglais/ieuroues.htm)(http://tinyurl.com/36pexa)
1990 Apr 18, The Soviet Union shut off a pipeline that supplied the rebellious republic of Lithuania with crude oil; a day later, the Soviets severely reduced the flow of natural gas.
(AP, 4/18/00)
1990 Apr 19, Nicaragua's nine-year-old civil war appeared near an end as Contra guerrillas, leftist Sandinistas and the incoming government agreed to a truce and a deadline for the rebels to disarm.
(AP, 4/19/00)
1990 Apr 20, Former junk bond financier Michael Milken agreed to plead guilty to six felonies and pay $600 million in penalties to settle the largest securities fraud case in history.
(AP, 4/20/00)
1990 Apr 20, Pete Rose pleaded guilty to two felony counts of filing false income tax returns.
(http://reds.enquirer.com/2004/01/06/red1timeline.html)
1990 Apr 21, Bob Engel, a National League umpire was arrested in Bakersfield, Ca., for stealing baseball cards.
(http://tinyurl.com/qfma3)
1990 Apr 21, Pope John Paul II was greeted by hundreds of thousands of people as he visited Czechoslovakia to help celebrate the nation's peaceful overthrow of communist rule.
(AP, 4/21/00)
1990 Apr 22, Pro-Iranian kidnappers in Lebanon freed American hostage Robert Polhill after nearly 39 months of captivity.
(AP, 4/22/00)
1990 Apr 22, Millions of Americans joined in a worldwide 20th anniversary celebration of the first Earth Day. Harriett Burgess (d.2010 at 73) founded the San Francisco based American Land Conservatory to shelter land from development in all parts of the country.
(AP, 4/22/00)(SFC, 5/8/10, p.C4)
1990 Apr 23, Pres. George H. W. Bush signed the Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990. It required the Attorney General to collect data on crimes committed because of the victim's race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnicity. The bill was the first federal statute to "recognize and name gay, lesbian and bisexual people."
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hate_Crime_Statistics_Act)(Econ, 12/10/16, p.33)
1990 Apr 23, Freed American hostage Robert Polhill, released in Lebanon the day before, enjoyed his first full day of freedom in nearly 39 months at the U.S. Air Force hospital in Wiesbaden, West Germany.
(AP, 4/23/00)
1990 Apr 24, Security law violator Michael Milken pleaded guilty to 6 felonies.
(www.johnreedstark.com/ClassMaterials/LitigationReleases/Milken1991.htm)
1990 Apr 24, The space shuttle Discovery blasted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla., carrying the $1.5 billion Hubble Space Telescope. It cost $2 billion. The orbital period of the telescope was 97 Minutes. In 2008 Robert Zimmerman authored “The Universe in a Mirror: The Saga of the Hubble Space Telescope and the Visionaries Who Built It."
(AP, 4/24/97)(NG, 1/’94, p.23)(WSJ, 2/14/97, p.A1)(SFC, 3/21/98, p.E3)(WSJ, 6/16/08, p.A13)
1990 Apr 24, West and East Germany agreed to merge currency and economies on July 1.
(www.mofa.go.jp/policy/other/bluebook/1990/1990-3-3.htm)
1990 Apr 25, In the 25th Academy of Country Music Awards Clint Black and Kathy Mattea won.
(SS, 4/25/02)
1990 Apr 25, The Hubble Space Telescope was deployed from the space shuttle "Discovery."
(AP, 4/25/00)
1990 Apr 25, Dexter Gordon (67), jazz saxophonist, died in Philadelphia.
(SS, 4/25/02)
1990 Apr 25, Violeta Barrios de Chamorro was inaugurated as president of Nicaragua for a six year term, ending 11 years of leftist Sandinista rule.
(AP, 4/25/97)(HN, 4/25/98)
1990 Apr 26, In Colombia Carlos Pizarro (b.1951), a former M-19 rebel leader and presidential candidate was killed when an assailant opened fire with a machine gun inside a crowded airliner in midflight. In 2001 fugitive Carlos Castrano said he organized the killing because Pizarro had links to a drug lord. In 2014 his remains and those of his assailant were dug up to see whether bodyguards assigned by the state to protect the politician also had a hand in his murder.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Pizarro_Leong%C3%B3mez)(WSJ, 12/4/01, p.A1)(AP, 11/26/14)
1990 Apr 26, Israeli PM Yitzhak Shamir, leader of the right-wing Likud bloc, was chosen to form a new government after Labor Party leader Shimon Peres failed to form a coalition.
(AP, 4/26/00)
1990 Apr 27, The aperture door of the Hubble Space Telescope was opened by ground controllers as the space shuttle Discovery, which had carried the Hubble into orbit, prepared to return home.
(AP, 4/27/00)
1990 Apr 28, Anti-abortion demonstrators marched in Washington D.C.; authorities put the number of protesters at 200,000, but organizers claimed a turnout of about 700,000.
(AP, 4/28/00)
1990 Apr 29, The space shuttle Discovery landed safely at Edwards Air Force Base in California after a mission which included deploying the Hubble Space Telescope.
(AP, 4/29/00)
1990 Apr 30, Hostage Frank Reed was released by his captives in Lebanon, the second American freed in eight days.
(AP, 4/30/00)
1990 Apr, In California Glenn Payne was arrested in San Jose after a 2-year-old, who lived across the street, was asleep on a walkway a block away with her cloths torn and covered with debris. She told police a man who lived nearby had hurt her. In 1991 Payne was sentenced to 27 years in prison, but maintained his innocence. He was released in 2005 after more than 13 years in prison. In 2017 a hair analyst recanted his testimony against Payne saying it was based on an unreliable study. On Jan. 26, 2018, Payne’s conviction was overturned, and his criminal record was cleared.
(SFC, 1/27/18, p.A1)
1990 Apr, Jamba Juice was founded by Kirk Perron, Joe Vergara, Kevin Peters, and Linda Ozawa Olds as a single Juice Club in San Luis Obispo, Ca.
(SSFC, 12/12/10, p.F1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamba_Juice)
1990 Apr, Argentina’s Congress under Pres. Carlos Menem added 4 new seats to the 5-member Supreme Court.
(Econ, 10/8/05, p.46)
1990 Apr, In Japan the Aum Shinri Kyo cult sent three trucks into central Tokyo to spray poisonous botulin mists. The convoy then attacked US bases at Yokohama and Yokosuka. The botulin did not work and the cult turned to use anthrax.
(SFC, 5/27/98, p.A12)
1990 Apr, A pro-independence coalition won in Slovenia.
(SFC, 6/11/96, p.A14)
1990 May 1, In Hampton, NH, William Flynn (16) and a friend shot and killed Gregory Smart (b.1965), the husband of Pamela Smart (23) with whom Flynn was having an affair. Flynn was sentenced 28 years to life. Smart had enlisted Flynn to kill her husband and was sentenced to life in prison. On June 4, 2015 Flynn was released from prison. Patrick Randall, who had held a knife to Gregg Smart’s throat, was also released on parole.
(www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=7090228)(SFC, 6/5/15, p.A11)
1990 May 1, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev and other Kremlin leaders were jeered by thousands of people during the annual May Day parade in Red Square.
(AP, 5/1/00)
1990 May 2, David Rappaport (38), British 3'11' actor (Wizard, LA Law), committed suicide by gunshot in California.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0710884/)
1990 May 2, The government of South Africa and the African National Congress opened their first formal talks aimed at paving the way for more substantive negotiations on dismantling apartheid.
(AP, 5/2/00)
1990 May 3, The US federal government approved the use of the drug AZT to treat children infected with the AIDS virus.
(AP, 5/3/00)
1990 May 4, Latvia's parliament voted 138-0 (1 abstention) for Independence. The Russophone Ravnopraviye (Equal Rights Movement) boycotted this resolution by walking out of parliament.
(http://countrystudies.us/latvia/20.htm)
1990 May 4, The South African government and the African National Congress concluded historic talks in Cape Town with a joint statement agreeing on a "common commitment toward the resolution of the existing climate of violence."
(AP, 5/4/00)
1990 May 5, "Unbridled" won the 116th running of the Kentucky Derby.
(AP, 5/5/00)
1990 May 5, Five people were killed as 3 small fishing boats capsized in the Strait of Juan De Fuca, along the northwest int’l. border between the US and Canada.
(SFC, 5/5/09, p.D8)
1990 May 6, Freed American hostage Frank Reed said at a news conference in Arlington, Va., that he had been savagely beaten by his captors in Lebanon after two unsuccessful escape attempts.
(AP, 5/6/00)
1990 May 6, Former president P.W. Botha quit South Africa's ruling National Party as a protest against the apartheid reform program of his successor F.W. de Klerk.
(www.cnn.com/almanac/9805/06/)
1990 May 7, The White House put aside President Bush's pledge of no new taxes, saying talks to strike a budget deal with Congress would have "no preconditions."
(AP, 5/7/00)
1990 May 8, One crewman was killed, 18 others injured in a fire aboard the guided-missile destroyer USS Conyngham in the Atlantic, about 100 miles southeast of Norfolk, Va.
(AP, 5/8/00)
1990 May 8, NY Newsday reporter Jimmy Breslin was suspended for a racial slur.
(http://www.totse.com/en/ego/literary_genius/yuh.html)
1990 May 9, President Bush and congressional leaders announced plans for emergency budget talks, with tax increases and spending cuts on the negotiating table.
(AP, 5/9/00)
1990 May 9, A major cyclone made landfall on Andhra Pradesh, India. It dissipated 2 days later over central India. Strong flooding caused 510 human fatalities, but the effect on agriculture was substantial. More than 100,000 animals were killed,
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990-1994_North_Indian_Ocean_cyclone_seasons)
1990 May 10, The government of China announced the release of 211 dissidents who had been involved in pro-democracy demonstrations a year earlier.
(AP, 5/10/00)
1990 May 10, Walker Percy (b.1916), Mississippi-raised physician, novelist (Lancelot), died of cancer in Covington, Louisiana. His book "The Moviegoer" was the 1962 winner of the National Book Award." His last book, The Thanatos Syndrome, appeared in 1987.
(www.olemiss.edu/depts/english/ms-writers/dir/percy_walker/)(WSJ, 3/26/03, p.D8)
1990 May 11, President Bush, on a two-day trip of college commencement speeches, told reporters aboard Air Force One that there were "no conditions" going into a budget summit with Congress.
(AP, 5/11/00)
1990 May 11, The center fuel tank of Philippine Air Lines B737-300 exploded as the plane pushed back from the gate and 8 people were killed.
(WSJ, 6/26/08, p.A12)
1990 May 12, The tune "Sending All My Love" by Linear reached #8 on the pop singles chart.
(www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1990/05-12.htm)
1990 May 12, The presidents of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania forged a united front by reviving a 1934 political alliance in hopes of enhancing their drive for independence from the Soviet Union.
(AP, 5/12/00)
1990 May 13, Thomas Walker was shot to death at his home in Hacienda Heights, Los Angeles County. In 1991 his wife Hudie Joyce Walker was convicted of 2nd degree murder and sentenced 19 years to life in jail. In 2007 she was granted a new trial due to issues involving battered women’s syndrome.
(SFC, 2/8/07, p.B2)
1990 May 14, In separate decrees, Soviet President Gorbachev declared that the republics of Estonia and Latvia had no legal basis for moving toward independence.
(AP, 5/14/00)
1990 May 15, Congressional leaders and Bush administration officials began a bipartisan summit on the fiscal 1991 budget and its deficit.
(AP, 5/15/00)
1990 May 15, The "Portrait of Doctor Gachet" (1890) by Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890) sold for $82.5 million to Ryoei Saito, Japan's second-largest paper manufacturer.
(www.vggallery.com/painting/p_0753.htm)
1990 May 16, Sammy Davis Jr. (64), entertainer, died in Los Angeles. Davis owed the IRS $5 million at his death. A settlement was later reached for $300,000. In 2003 Wil Haygood authored "In Black and White: The Life of Sammy Davis, Jr."
(AP, 5/16/00)(SSFC, 1/21/01, Par p.2)(WSJ, 11/7/03, p.W9)
1990 May 16, Jim Henson (53), "Muppets" creator, died in NYC. In 2013 Brian Jay Jones authored “Jim Henson: The Biography."
(AP, 5/16/00)(www.imdb.com/name/nm0001345/)(SSFC, 10/20/12, p.F5)
1990 May 17, The effective date for pension rights for both men and women as ruled by a European court in 1994.
(www.opas.org.uk/PensionRights/EqualTreatment/equalTreatment.htm)
1990 May 17, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev met in Moscow with Lithuanian Prime Minister Kazimiera Prunskiene, Gorbachev's first face-to-face meeting with a senior official of the defiant Baltic republics.
(AP, 5/17/00)
1990 May 18, The TV movie "Return To Green Acres" aired.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1990 May 18, In the face of heated student protests, the trustees of all-women Mills College in Oakland, Ca., voted to rescind their earlier decision to admit men.
(AP, 5/18/00)
1990 May 18, Jill Ireland (54), actress (Carry on Nurse, Family), died of cancer.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1990 May 18, East and West Germany signed a monetary union treaty.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1990 May 18, The French TGV-train hit record speed of 515.3 kph.
(www.netfundu.com/geography/aworld/france.htm)
1990 May 19, The tune "Vogue" by Madonna peaked at #1 on the pop singles chart.
(www.onmc.iinet.net.au/top/1990.htm)
1990 May 19, Summer Squall won the Preakness Stakes.
(www.lanesendstakes.com/milestones.html)
1990 May 19, Secretary of State James A. Baker III concluded an agreement with the Soviet Union to destroy chemical weapons and settle longstanding disputes over limits on nuclear-tipped cruise missiles.
(AP, 5/19/00)
1990 May 20, In Massachusetts the body of Cheryl Kosilek (35) was found in her car at a North Attleborough shopping mall. Robert Kosilek (41) was convicted of her murder in 1993 and while in prison demanded that the state of Massachusetts provide him or her with a sex-change operation.
(SFC, 11/24/09, p.A9)(www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-8176530.html)
1990 May 20, The Hubble Space Telescope sent back its first photographs.
(AP, 5/20/00)
1990 May 20, An Israeli opened fire on a group of Palestinian laborers south of Tel Aviv, killing seven; the gunman was sentenced to life in prison.
(AP, 5/20/00)
1990 May 20, Romania's ruling National Salvation Front scored victories in the country's first free elections in more than 50 years.
(AP, 5/20/00)
1990 May 21, Israeli soldiers shot and killed three Palestinians in violence sparked by the slayings of seven Palestinians by an Israeli civilian a day earlier.
(AP, 5/21/00)
1990 May 22, Microsoft released Windows 3.0.
(www.guidebookgallery.org/guis/windows/win30)
1990 May 22, Boxer Rocky Graziano died in New York at age 71.
(AP, 5/22/00)
1990 May 22, After years of conflict, pro-Western North Yemen and pro-Soviet South Yemen merged to form the Republic of Yemen. The North was conservative and the South was socialist. This day became an annual National Day holiday.
(WSJ, 3/28/97, p.A1)(AP, 5/22/98)(AFP, 5/23/12)
1990 May 23, Clinton’s campaign for a 5th term as governor of Arkansas received a $60,000 loan from the Perry County Bank. More cash was requested a few days later.
(SFC, 6/28/96, p.A7)
1990 May 23, Neil Bush, son of the president, denied any wrongdoing as a director of a failed Denver savings-and-loan in testimony before Congress. The cost of rescuing US savings & loan failures was put at up to $130 billion.
(AP, 5/23/00)(www.mof.go.jp/english/f_review/fr51e.htm)
1990 May 23, The Soviet Union unveiled an economic-reform program that included plans for a national referendum.
(AP, 5/23/00)
1990 May 24, Darryl Cherney and Judi Bari (11/7/49-3/2/97), environmental activists in the Earth First! movement, were injured after a pipe bomb exploded in their car as they drove through Oakland, Ca. They were arrested while in the hospital on charges of transporting a bomb but the charges were never filed. They later filed a suit against the FBI and Oakland police for false arrest, illegal search and seizure and conspiracy to violate free-speech rights. Bari died of liver cancer in 1997. In 2002 a jury awarded $2.9 million to Bari’s estate and $1.5 million to Cherney saying the FBI had framed them as eco-terrorists. In 2004 the government settled civil suits for $2 million. In 2004 Kate Coleman authored “The Secret Wars of Judi Bari."
(SFC,10/21/97, p.A20)(SFC, 6/12/02, p.A1)(SFC, 4/23/04, p.B1)(SFC, 1/18/05, p.D1)
1990 May 24, The Edmonton Oilers won their fifth Stanley Cup as they defeated the Boston Bruins, four games to one.
(AP, 5/24/00)
1990 May 25, A congressional report cast doubts on the US Navy’s official finding that a troubled sailor probably had caused the blast that killed 47 servicemen aboard the battleship USS "Iowa."
(AP, 5/25/00)
1990 May 25, Vic Tayback (60), actor (Mel-Alice), died of a heart attack.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0851861/)
1990 May 26, Soviet maverick politician Boris N. Yeltsin failed in a second round of voting to win the presidency of the Russian Federation. He succeeded in a third round of balloting three days later.
(AP, 5/26/00)
1990 May 27, The political opposition of Burma (Myanmar) scored a victory in the country’s first free, multiparty elections in three decades. The military rulers allowed democratic elections but ignored the results when the National League of Aung San Suu Kyi won 392 of 485 contested seats.
(SFC, 5/25/96, p.A12)(AP, 5/27/00)
1990 May 27, Cesar Gaviria Trujillo was elected president of Colombia. Luis Carlos Galan, Colombia presidential candidate, had been shot and killed while campaigning south of Bogota. He was so far ahead in the polls for the presidential elections that he was virtually assured of victory. His campaign manager, Cesar Gaviria, ran in his place after the attack and was elected president. Immediately after Galan's assassination, the president at the time, Virgilio Barco, retaliated by reinstating extraditions.
(AP, 5/27/00)(AP, 5/13/05)
1990 May 27, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev tried to calm his nation’s economic nerves with a hastily scheduled television address. The radical Democratic Party held its 1st political meetings in Moscow.
(AP, 5/27/00)
1990 May 28, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein opened a two-day Arab League summit in Baghdad with a keynote address in which he said if Israel were to deploy nuclear or chemical weapons against Arabs, Iraq would respond with "weapons of mass destruction."
(AP, 5/28/00)
1990 May 29, Dow Jones average hits a record 2,870.49.
(SC, 5/29/02)
1990 May 29, Boris N. Yeltsin was elected president of the Russian republic in the third round of balloting by the Russian parliament. This gave him a base from which to attack Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev.
(AP, 5/29/97)(HN, 5/29/99)
1990 May 29, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev visited Canada en route to his Washington summit with President Bush.
(AP, 5/29/00)
1990 May 29, Northern Peru was struck by an earthquake that claimed as many as 200 lives.
(www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/OCHA-64C3R8?OpenDocument)
1990 May 30, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev arrived in Washington for his summit with President Bush.
(AP, 5/30/00)
1990 May 31, Seinfeld, starring Jerry Seinfeld, debuted on NBC. [see July 5, 1989]
(www.geocities.com/r_stroup/seinepis.html)
1990 May 31, President Bush and his wife, Barbara, welcomed Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev in a ceremony on South Lawn of the White House. The two leaders and their aides then held talks on German reunification.
(AP, 5/31/00)
1990 May 31, In NYC the Zodiac killer shot a 3rd victim. Joseph Ponce died from his wound on June 24.
(http://karisable.com/skazzodiac.htm)
1990 May, In Croatia Franjo Tudjman led a party that advocated a Yugoslav confederation of sovereign states.
(SFC, 6/11/96, p.A14)
1990 May, In Hungary Gyula Horn became president of the Socialist Party, which he had helped shape out of the ruins of the former communist party. The party had just been soundly defeated in the first democratic elections in over four decades.
(AP, 6/20/13)
1990 Jun 1, President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev signed more than a dozen bilateral accords in the second day of their Washington summit. Meanwhile, Barbara Bush and Raisa Gorbachev traveled to Wellesley College in Massachusetts to deliver commencement addresses.
(AP, 6/1/00)
1990 Jun 1, E! Entertainment Television was launched.
(http://tinyurl.com/jwhwu)
1990 Jun 1, The Dow Jones Avg. hit a record high of 2,900.97.
(DTnet, 6/1/97)
1990 Jun 2, On the third day of their Washington summit, President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev held informal talks at the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland.
(AP, 6/2/00)
1990 Jun 2, Jack Gilford (b.1908), comedic actor (Cocoon II), died of stomach cancer.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0318527/)
1990 Jun 2, Sir Rex Harrison (82), actor (My Fair Lady), died in New York.
(AP, 6/2/00)
1990 Jun 2, Frederick Mellinger (76), founder of Fredericks of Hollywood, died.
(www.deadoraliveinfo.com/dead.nsf/mnames-nf/Mellinger+Frederick)
1990 Jun 3, President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev concluded their Washington summit with a joint news conference at the White House. During their 4-day meeting they sealed agreements to slash long-range nuclear weapons, halt production of chemical weapons and lift trade barriers. Gorbachev and his delegation then flew to Minnesota for a whirlwind tour of Minneapolis-St. Paul.
(AP, 6/3/00)(SSFC, 12/2/18, p.A13)
1990 Jun 3, "City of Angels" won Best Musical and "The Grapes of Wrath" won Best Play at the 44th Tony Awards.
(AP, 6/3/00)
1990 Jun 3, Robert Noyce (b.1927), co-inventor of the integrated circuit, co-founder and 1st CEO of Intel Corp. (1968), died at age 62. In 2005 Leslie Berlin authored “The Man Behind the Microchip: Robert Noyce and the Invention of Silicon Valley.
(www.ieee.org/organizations/history_center/legacies/noyce.html)(SSFC, 7/10/05, p.E1)
1990 Jun 4, Janet Adkins (54) of Portland, Ore., became the first person to use a suicide machine developed by Dr. Kevorkian. This began a national debate over the right to die.
(SFC, 4/14/99, p.A3)(www.lectlaw.com/files/cas20.htm)
1990 Jun 4, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev closed out his US visit in northern California, where he held a reunion with former President Reagan and met with South Korean President Roh Tae-woo in San Francisco, and addressed students at Stanford University in Palo Alto.
(AP, 6/4/00)
1990 Jun 5, Authorities in Oakland County, Michigan, moved to prevent Dr. Jack Kevorkian from continuing to make available a suicide device that Janet Adkins, an Oregon woman diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, had used a day earlier to take her own life.
(AP, 6/5/00)
1990 Jun 5, In South Africa a representative from the Legal Resources Centre (LRC) in Durban met with the Commissioner of the SAP (South African Police) to call for a change in the "cultural weapons" policy.
(www.hrw.org/reports/1991/southafrica1/6.htm)
1990 Jun 5, Vasily V. Kuznetsov (b.1901), president of USSR supreme soviet (1982-83, 85), died in Moscow.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasily_Kuznetsov)
1990 Jun 6, A federal judge in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, declared the 2 Live Crew album "As Nasty As They Wanna Be" to be obscene. The decision was later overturned on appeal.
(AP, 6/6/00)
1990 Jun 7, Barbara Baxley (b.1923), actress (Norma Rae), died of a heart attack in NYC.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0062642/)
1990 Jun 7, South African President F.W. de Klerk announced he was lifting a four-year-old state of emergency in three of the country’s four provinces, with the exception of Natal.
(AP, 6/7/00)
1990 Jun 8, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir announced he had succeeded in forming a new right-wing coalition government, ending a three-month-old political crisis.
(AP, 6/8/00)
1990 Jun 9, "Go and Go" won the 122nd running of the Belmont Stakes.
(AP, 6/9/00)
1990 Jun 10, Alberto Fujimori was elected president of Peru by a narrow margin over novelist Mario Vargos Llosa.
(AP, 6/10/00)
1990 Jun 10, Two members of the rap group 2 Live Crew were arrested in Hollywood, Florida. They and a third band member were acquitted of obscenity charges October 20th.
(AP, 6/10/00)
1990 Jun 11, A federal judge sentenced former national security adviser John M. Poindexter to six months in prison for making false statements to Congress about the Iran-Contra affair. However, Poindexter’s convictions were later overturned.
(AP, 6/11/00)
1990 Jun 11, The US Supreme Court struck down a federal law prohibiting desecration of the American flag.
(AP, 6/11/00)
1990 Jun 11, The UN appoints Olivia Newton-John as its 1st Goodwill Ambassador to the Environment.
(http://hometown.aol.com/author31/discov.htm)
1990 Jun 12, In a speech to the Supreme Soviet legislature, President Mikhail S. Gorbachev eased his objection to a reunified Germany holding membership in NATO.
(AP, 6/12/00)
1990 Jun 12, Boris Yeltsin led a vote at the Congress of Peoples Deputies on a "declaration of Sovereignty for Russia." Russia Day became a national holiday honoring this day, when Russian lawmakers decided that Russian laws should take priority over Soviet Union laws.
(SFC, 6/10/96, p.A16)(AP, 6/12/12)
1990 Jun 13, Secretary of State James A. Baker the Third, testifying before the House Foreign Affairs Committee, urged Israel to accept a US plan for peace talks. Baker gave out the telephone number for the White House switchboard, telling the Israelis publicly, "When you’re serious about this, call us."
(AP, 6/13/00)
1990 Jun 13, East German border guards and demolition experts from the Bundeswehr started the official demolition of the Berlin Wall.
(www.everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=26512)
1990 Jun 14, The US Supreme Court upheld, by a six-to-three vote, police checkpoints that examine drivers for signs of intoxication.
(AP, 6/14/00)
1990 Jun 15, Real estate mogul Donald Trump missed a payment due on junk bonds used to finance one of his Atlantic City, New Jersey, resorts.
(AP, 6/15/00)
1990 Jun 15, The Dublin regime was established by the Dublin Convention and signed in Dublin, Ireland. It first came into force on 1 September 1997. The EU’s Dublin Rule said that people applying for asylum in an EU country other than the one they first entered should be returned to that first country.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dublin_Regulation)(Econ, 9/12/15, p.25)
1990 Jun 16, A crowd in the Netherlands welcomed African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela, who thanked them for staunch Dutch support for the anti-apartheid movement.
(AP, 6/16/00)
1990 Jun 17, South African black nationalist Nelson Mandela and his wife, Winnie, arrived in Ottawa, Canada, en route to an eleven-day tour of the United States.
(AP, 6/17/00)
1990 Jun 18, James Edward Pough went on a shooting rampage at an auto-financing company office in Jacksonville, Florida, after his car was repossessed. He fatally wounded 8 people before killing himself.
(AP, 6/18/00)(SSFC, 8/8/04, p.A7)
1990 Jun 19, Opening statements were presented in the drug and perjury trial of Washington DC Mayor Marion S. Barry Junior. Barry was later convicted of a single count of misdemeanor drug possession, and sentenced to six months in prison.
(AP, 6/19/00)
1990 Jun 19, NYC's Zodiac killer shot a 4th victim, Larry Parham, who survived.
(http://karisable.com/skazzodiac.htm)
1990 Jun 20, South African black nationalist Nelson Mandela and his wife, Winnie, arrived in New York City for a ticker-tape parade in their honor as they began an eight-city US tour.
(AP, 6/20/00)
1990 Jun 20, The Communist Initiative created its neoconservative Russian Communist Party. Among the founders were Gennady Zyuganov, Valentin Kuptsov, and Alexander Rutskoi. Gorbachev still ran the country.
(SFC, 6/10/96, p.A16)
1990 Jun 21, An estimated 50,000 Iranians were killed in a magnitude 7.3 to 7.7 earthquake. The earthquake killed some 35,000 people in Gilan and neighboring Zanjan province.
(SFC, 3/1/97, p.C1)(AP, 6/21/00)(AP, 6/22/02)
1990 Jun 22, George W. Bush, a director of Harken Energy Corp., a Texas oil company, sold 212,140 shares at $4 per share just before huge losses were reported. Corporate disclosure of the sale was filed months later.
(SFC, 7/4/02, p.A1)(SFC, 7/9/02, p.A12)(WSJ, 7/10/02, p.A8)
1990 Jun 22, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela addressed delegates at the United Nations, where he said victory for a democratic, non-racial South Africa was "within our grasp."
(AP, 6/22/00)
1990 Jun 23, The tune "That's The Way Of The World" by D'Mob with Cathy Dennis hit #1 on Billboard magazine’s Hot Dance Music/Club Play.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number-one_dance_hits_of_1990_(USA))
1990 Jun 23, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela received a tumultuous welcome in Boston as he continued his US tour.
(AP, 6/23/00)
1990 Jun 24, Health and Human Services Secretary Louis Sullivan was virtually drowned out by jeering demonstrators as he addressed the Sixth International AIDS conference in San Francisco.
(AP, 6/24/00)
1990 Jun 24, South African black nationalist Nelson Mandela arrived in Washington.
(AP, 6/24/00)
1990 Jun 25, The US Supreme Court ruled that family members cannot end the lives of comatose relatives unless those relatives previously made their wishes known.
(www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/iie/v4n2/)
1990 Jun 25, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela met with President Bush at the White House.
(AP, 6/25/00)
1990 Jun 26, President Bush, who’d campaigned for office on a pledge of "no new taxes," conceded that tax increases would have to be included in any deficit-reduction package worked out with congressional negotiators.
(AP, 6/26/00)
1990 Jun 26, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela addressed the U.S. Congress, asking for "material resources" to hasten the end of white-led rule.
(AP, 6/26/97)
1990 Jun 27, Jose Canseco signed a record $4,700,000 per year baseball contract with the Oakland A's.
(SC, 6/27/02)
1990 Jun 27, NASA announced that a flaw in the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope was preventing the instrument from achieving optimum focus.
(AP, 6/27/00)
1990 Jun 27, Salman Rushdie, condemned to death by Iran, contributed $8600 to help their earthquake victims.
(SC, 6/27/02)
1990 Jun 28, Jurors in the drug and perjury trial of Washington DC Mayor Marion S. Barry Jr. viewed a videotape showing Barry smoking crack cocaine during an FBI hotel-room sting operation. Barry was later convicted of a single count of misdemeanor drug possession.
(AP, 6/28/00)
1990 Jun 29, Fernando Valenzuela of the Los Angeles Dodgers and Dave Stewart of the Oakland A’s became the first pitchers to hurl no-hitters in both the National and American Leagues on the same day. Oakland shut out the Blue Jays, 5-to-0, while Los Angeles blanked the St. Louis Cardinals, 6-to-0.
(AP, 6/29/00)
1990 Jun 30, Harken Energy reported a $23 million 2nd quarter loss. George W. Bush was a director at Harken.
(SSFC, 7/28/02, p.A19)
1990 Jun 30, Mary Cobb (d.1998) allegedly witnessed Maurice Caldwell pump shotgun blasts into a car that resulted in one death and one serious injury at the Alemany Housing Project. The mother of 2 children later reported the killing to investigating police and identified Caldwell who was convicted and sentenced to 34 years in prison. Mary Cobb died of lupus as age 37. In 2010 a judge ordered the conviction of Caldwell set aside following a signed declaration by Maritte Funches that he and accomplice Henry Martin were responsible. In 2011 Caldwell was released after prosecutors learned that evidence in the case had been destroyed. In 2012 Caldwell filed a federal civil rights suit against San Francisco.
(SFC, 12/17/10, p.A1)(SFC, 3/26/11, p.C1)
1990 Jun 30, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela visited Oakland, California, a day after receiving a star-studded welcome in Los Angeles.
(AP, 6/30/00)
1990 Jun, The FTC launched a probe into possible collusion between Microsoft and IBM.
(Wired, 12/98, p.197)
1990 Jun, California voters passed Prop. 115 with a 57% majority vote allowing prosecutors access to public defense evidence before trial and eliminated defendant’s rights to a preliminary hearing after a grand jury.
(SFC, 10/2/14, p.D2)
1990 Jun, In Michigan Dr. Jack Kevorkian asked Janet Good (d.1997 at 73) if he could use her house for his first assisted suicide. She initially said ok but after conferring with her husband, a retired police officer, declined the request on the grounds that it might be illegal.
(SFC, 8/27/97, p.A9)
1990 Jun, At Cunningham Lake near Omaha a fisherman caught a 2-pound black piranha.
(NH, 8/96, p.66)
1990 Jun, In Bulgaria the former Communist Party, renamed the Socialist party, won parliamentary elections.
(SFC, 5/2/97, p.A14)
1990 Jun, Colombia’s Pres. Cesar Gaviria and FARC held peace talks in Venezuela.
(SFC, 1/8/99, p.A13)
1990 Jun, In Kyrgyzstan about 300 people were killed in a violent land dispute between Kyrgyz and Uzbeks in Osh, and only the quick deployment of Soviet troops quelled the fighting.
(SFC, 10/21/99, p.AA5)(AP, 6/13/10)(Econ, 6/19/10, p.27)
1990 Jun, In Romania antigovernment protests left 6 people dead. In 2015 former Pres. Ion Iliescu (85) faced charges for the deaths of 4 people, the shooting of three others and depriving 1,000 people of their freedom.
(SFC, 10/22/15, p.A6)
1990 Jun, In Romania miners, transported into Bucharest in government vehicles, destroyed hundreds of Interior Ministry files. Over 2 years well organized mobs of rural coal miners descended on Bucharest 4 times to knock the heads of student leaders, opposition politicians and others.
(SFC, 6/15/98, p.A11)
1990 Jul 1, East Germans lined up to obtain West German deutsche marks as a state treaty unifying the monetary and economic systems of the two Germanys went into effect.
(AP, 7/1/00)
1990 Jul 2, Some 1402 Muslim pilgrims were killed in a stampede inside a pedestrian tunnel leading to Mecca in Saudi Arabia. It was worst hajj tragedy of modern times.
(AP, 7/2/00)(AP, 2/1/04)
1990 Jul 2, The Soviet Union’s 28th Communist Party congress opened with an address by President Mikhail S. Gorbachev, who conceded mistakes while defending perestroika.
(AP, 7/2/00)
1990 Jul 3, In Moscow, Kremlin hard-liner Yegor K. Ligachev received an enthusiastic reception at a Communist Party congress as he criticized reforms by President Mikhail S. Gorbachev, saying perestroika had been marred by "limitless radicalism."
(AP, 7/3/00)
1990 Jul 3, Maurice Girodias (b.1919), French publisher, died.
(wwwa.britannica.com/eb/article-9000838?hook=170089)
1990 Jul 4, Rioting that left three people dead erupted in 30 English towns following England’s loss to West Germany in World Cup soccer.
(AP, 7/4/00)
1990 Jul 4, France performed nuclear test at Muruora Island.
(www.seismo.ethz.ch/bsv/nuclear_explosions/undergr/france.html)
1990 Jul 5, NATO leaders opened a two-day meeting in London to revise the alliance’s strategy in light of easing East-West tensions in Europe and the unraveling of the Warsaw Pact.
(AP, 7/5/00)
1990 Jul 6, NATO leaders concluded two days of meetings in London, pledging to sharply reduce both nuclear and conventional defenses in Europe.
(AP, 7/6/00)
1990 Jul 7, President Bush welcomed fellow leaders of the Group of Seven countries, who were gathering in Houston for their 16th annual economic summit.
(AP, 7/7/00)
1990 Jul 7, Martina Navratilova captured a record-breaking ninth women’s title at Wimbledon, outplaying Zina Garrison, 6-4, 6-1.
(AP, 7/7/00)
1990 Jul 8, Sweden’s Stefan Edberg beat Boris Becker of West Germany to capture his second men’s tennis championship at Wimbledon.
(AP, 7/8/00)
1990 Jul 8, West Germany won the World Cup soccer championship by defeating Argentina, 1-to-0.
(AP, 7/8/00)
1990 Jul 9, Leaders of the world’s seven richest nations opened a three-day economic summit in Houston, the first such gathering in the post-Cold War era.
(AP, 7/9/00)
1990 Jul 10, The American League shut out the National League, 2-to-0, in the 61st All-Star game.
(AP, 7/10/00)
1990 Jul 10, Mikhail S. Gorbachev handily won re-election as leader of the Soviet Communist Party.
(AP, 7/10/00)
1990 Jul 11, Leaders of the so-called "Group of Seven" nations concluded their summit in Houston by encouraging Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev to enact reforms in return for Western aid.
(AP, 7/11/00)
1990 Jul 12, CBS introduced the TV saga "Northern Exposure." The show ran to 1995. Margaret Phillips (d.2002) played general-store owner Ruth-Anne Miller.
(SFC, 7/5/96, p.D5)(WSJ, 7/15/96, p.A9)(SFC, 11/12/02, p.A26)
1990 Jul 12, Russian republic president Boris N. Yeltsin shocked the 28th congress of the Soviet Communist Party by announcing he was resigning his party membership.
(AP, 7/12/97)
1990 Jul 13, 2 Live Crew released "Banned in the USA."
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banned_in_the_USA)
1990 Jul 13, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev closed the Communist Party’s 28th congress by saying he would welcome Western aid without political strings.
(AP, 7/13/00)
1990 Jul 14, West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl arrived in Moscow for talks with Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev that were aimed at soothing Kremlin concerns about German unification.
(AP, 7/14/00)
1990 Jul 15, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev and visiting West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl held talks on the issue of a united Germany’s membership in NATO.
(AP, 7/15/00)
1990 Jul 15, East Germany opened its borders fully to Jews from the former Soviet republics.
(Econ, 5/7/05, p.48)
1990 Jul 15, Tens of thousands of people marched in Moscow to protest the Communist Party’s control of the government, the army and the KGB.
(AP, 7/15/00)
1990 Jul 16, NYC's Empire State Building caught fire, but there were no fatalities.
(www.nycfiremuseum.org/inner/history/5alarm.htm)
1990 Jul 16, A 7.7 earthquake in Philippines killed some 5,000 people.
(www.drj.com/drworld/content/w1_116.htm)
1990 Jul 16, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev and West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl announced that Moscow had agreed to drop its objection to a united Germany’s membership in NATO.
(AP, 7/16/00)
1990 Jul 16, The Ukraine Parliament approved a declaration of State Sovereignty. The people's deputies vote 339-5 to proclaim July 16 a national holiday.
(www.ukrweekly.com/Archive/2001/340119.shtml)
1990 Jul 17, The seven nations negotiating German unification reached agreement in Paris on Poland’s permanent border, clearing the way for the merger of East and West Germany.
(AP, 7/17/00)
1990 Jul 18, Dr. Karl Menninger, the dominant figure in American psychiatry for six decades, died in Topeka, Kansas, four days short of his 97th birthday.
(AP, 7/18/00)
1990 Jul 19, President Bush joined former presidents Ronald Reagan, Gerald R. Ford and Richard M. Nixon at ceremonies dedicating the Nixon Library and Birthplace in Yorba Linda, California.
(AP, 7/19/00)
1990 Jul 19, Baseball’s all-time hits leader Pete Rose was sentenced in Cincinnati to five months in prison for tax evasion.
(AP, 7/19/00)
1990 Jul 20, William J. Brennan (1906-1997), US Supreme Court Justice, one of the court’s most liberal voices, left office after serving over 33 years.
(AP, 7/20/00)(www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/legal_entity/90/)
1990 Jul 20, A federal appeals court set aside Oliver North’s Iran-Contra convictions, reversing one outright.
(AP, 7/20/00)
1990 Jul 21, A day after Supreme Court Justice William J. Brennan announced his retirement, President Bush convened a meeting with key administration officials to begin finding a replacement.
(AP, 7/21/00)
1990 Jul 22, American Greg Lemond won his third Tour de France title.
(AP, 7/22/00)
1990 Jul 22, Raymond Mawby (b.1922), a British ex-Conservative Party lawmaker, died. He had briefly served as a junior minister in the mid-1960s and had allegedly provided intelligence to spies working for Czechoslovakia, then a communist state, for a decade from around 1961 to 1971. In 2012 the British government said it would investigate claims that he had sold information to communist spies for a decade during the Cold War.
(AFP, 6/28/12)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Mawby)
1990 Jul 22, Voters in Mongolia began casting ballots in their Communist-ruled nation’s first multiparty election ever.
(AP, 7/22/00)
1990 Jul 23, President George H.W. Bush announced his choice of Judge David Souter of New Hampshire to succeed retiring Justice William J. Brennan on the US Supreme Court.
(AP, 7/23/00)
1990 Jul 23, As rebel forces closed in on presidential palace, Liberian President Samuel K. Doe refused to leave until the civil war was decided. Charles Taylor tried to take Monrovia in this year. He had begun the war in Liberia from the Ivory Coast in 1989.
(AP, 7/23/97)(SFC, 5/4/96, p.A-8)(SFC, 5/11/96, p.A-9)
1990 Jul 24, Iraq, accusing Kuwait of conspiring to harm its economy through oil overproduction, massed tens of thousands of troops and hundreds of tanks along the Iraqi-Kuwaiti border. US warships in Persian Gulf were placed on alert.
(AP, 7/24/00)
1990 Jul 25, Comedian Roseanne Barr sparked controversy with an off-key rendition of the "Star-Spangled Banner" during a double-header at Jack Murphy Stadium in San Diego.
(AP, 7/25/00)
1990 Jul 25, The US ambassador to Iraq, April Glaspie, met with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein to discuss Iraq’s economic dispute with Kuwait.
(AP, 7/25/00)
1990 Jul 25, The US Senate formally denounced Senator Dave Durenberger (Republican, Minnesota) for financial improprieties.
(AP, 7/25/00)
1990 Jul 26, US Congress passed and Pres. George Bush signed the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
(WSJ, 7/26/95, p.A-12)(SFEC, 5/25/97, p.C10)
1990 Jul 26, The US House of Representatives reprimanded Congressman Barney Frank, (Democrat, Massachusetts) for ethics violations.
(AP, 7/26/00)
1990 Jul 26, The US Centers for Disease Control reported that a young woman, later identified as Kimberly Bergalis, had been infected with the AIDS virus, apparently by her dentist.
(AP, 7/26/00)
1990 Jul 27, Louisiana Governor Buddy Roemer vetoed a tough abortion bill passed by his state’s legislature.
(AP, 7/27/00)
1990 Jul 27, A mistrial was declared in Raymond Buckey’s retrial on charges of molesting children at the McMartin Pre-School in California.
(AP, 7/27/00)
1990 Jul 27, Zsa Zsa Gabor began a 3 day jail sentence for slapping a cop in 1989.
(http://tinyurl.com/po8cd)
1990 Jul 27, In Trinidad Yasin Abu Bakr and 114 rebels set off a car bomb that gutted the police station in front of Parliament. They then stormed into the legislature, spraying bullets, and took the prime minister and his Cabinet hostage in a rebellion that killed 24 people.
(AP, 10/21/10)
1990 Jul 27, White Russia (Belarus) declared sovereignty.
(www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107325.html)
1990 Jul 28, A blackout hit Chicago.
(SC, 7/28/02)
1990 Jul 28, Political newcomer and upset winner Alberto Fujimori was sworn in as president of Peru.
(AP, 7/28/00)
1990 Jul 29, Bruno Kreisky, Austria’s longest-serving chancellor and an architect of its policy of neutrality, died at age 79.
(AP, 7/29/00)
1990 Jul 30, George Steinbrenner was forced by Commissioner Fay Vincent to resign as principal partner of NY Yankees.
(http://tinyurl.com/bjbgt)
1990 Jul 30, GM’s first Saturn car rolled off the line at Spring Hill, Tennessee. In the fall, GM introduced its all-new Saturn cars to compete against the imports in the small car market. Roger Smith, GM’s CEO, announced the secret Saturn project in 1985 in order to "leap-frog" the Japanese car makers.
(www.gm.com/company/corp_info/history/gmhis1990.html)
1990 Jul 30, British Conservative Party lawmaker Ian Gow was killed in a bombing claimed by the Irish Republican Army.
(AP, 7/30/00)
1990 Jul 30, In Monrovia, Liberia, soldiers opened fire on worshippers in church over 600 Gios and Manos were killed.
(www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/liberia/army.htm)
1990 Jul 31, Pitcher Nolan Ryan of the Texas Rangers became the 20th major leaguer to win 300 games as he led his team to victory over the Milwaukee Brewers 11-to-3.
(AP, 7/31/00)
1990 Jul 31, Shoal Creek, a private club in Birmingham, Alabama, that drew criticism for being all-white, announced it had accepted a black businessman as an honorary member.
(AP, 7/31/00)
1990 Jul 31, The Assembly of Bosnia-Herzegovina adopted constitutional amendments by which Bosnia-Herzegovina was declared a democratic state of equal citizens of the peoples of BH, Moslems, Serbs, Croats and others.
(www.balkan-archive.org.yu/politics/chronology/chron90.html)
1990 Jul, In Albania young people demonstrated against the regime in Tirana, 5,000 citizens sought refuge in foreign embassies. Delegates of the parliament of Kosova declared the independence of Kosova from Serbia. Subsequently Serbia abolished the parliament and government of Kosova, closed down the only Albanian daily, and took over the state-owned television and radio. The Albanians of Kosovo voted for sovereignty and elected a shadow government that was banned by Milosevic. In 1992 Ibrahim Rugova (1944-2006) was elected president and Fehmi Agani was the vice-president.
(SFC,12/10/97, p.C2)(www, Albania, 1998)(Econ, 1/28/06, p.84)
1990 Jul, A bomb blast in the eastern city of Lahore killed a woman and 3 men. Sarabjit Singh was later arrested, convicted and sentenced to death for the bombing. In 2005 his death sentence was upheld. Relatives said he is a farmer who crossed the border into Pakistan while drunk, and then was confused with a man named Manjit Singh, whom Pakistan blames for a series of bombings in Lahore. In 2012 President Asif Ali Zardari commuted the death sentence of Sarabjit Singh to life in prison, the equivalent of time served in this case.
(AFP, 9/27/05)(AP, 6/26/12)
1990 Jul, The Milosevic regime ordered the mass firing of ethnic Albanians from all civil service posts.
(SFEC, 6/27/99, p.A6)
1990 Aug 1, Robert Stempel took charge at GM.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)(http://tinyurl.com/q8mqs)
1990 Aug 1, Iraq pulled out of talks with Kuwait.
(www.milnet.com/gulfwar.htm)
1990 Aug 1, In Trinidad, dozens of Muslim militants surrendered and freed 42 hostages they had seized six days earlier in a failed bid to overthrow the government. Jamaat al Muslimeen, a Trinidadian radical Muslim group led by Yasin Abu Bakr (formerly Lennox Phillip), launched the unsuccessful rebellion that left 24 dead.
(AP, 8/1/00)(AP, 6/3/07)(Econ, 6/9/07, p.44)
1990 Aug 2, Norman Maclean (b.1902), writer and professor of English, died in Chicago. His books included "A River Runs Through It and Other Stories" (1976).
(RB, 1993)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Maclean)
1990 Aug 2, Iraq invaded Kuwait, seizing control of the oil-rich emirate. The day came to be known in Kuwait as "Black Thursday." 330 Kuwaitis died during the occupation and war. Sadam Hussein, leader of Iraq, took over Kuwait. US Pres. George H.W. Bush led an inter-national coalition for sanctions and a demand for withdrawal. The Iraqis were later driven out in Operation Desert Storm.
(SFC, 9/4/96, p.A8)(TMC, 1994, p.1990)(AP, 8/2/97)(SFEC, 7/30/00, p.C18)
1990 Aug 2, By a vote of 14-0, the United Nations Security Council condemned the invasion and annexation of Kuwait by Iraq and demanded in Resolution 660 the unconditional withdrawal of Iraqi troops from Kuwait.
(HNQ, 5/27/99)
1990 Aug 2, Yasser Arafat supported Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait. This resulted in the PLO’s isolation.
(SFC, 11/11/04, p.A18)
1990 Aug 3, US announced the commitment of Naval forces to Gulf regions.
(SC, 8/3/02)
1990 Aug 3, Radio Kuwait went off the air due to the Iraqi invasion.
(SC, 8/3/02)
1990 Aug 3, A day after Iraq invaded Kuwait, thousands of Iraqi soldiers pushed to within a few miles of the border with Saudi Arabia, heightening world concerns that the invasion could spread.
(AP, 8/3/00)
1990 Aug 4, In Armenia Levon Ter-Petrosyan (52) was elected Chairman of the Armenian Supreme Soviet.
(www.armeniapedia.org/index.php?title=Levon_Ter_Petrosian)
1990 Aug 4, The European Community imposed an embargo on imports of oil from Iraq and Kuwait to protest the Baghdad government’s invasion of its oil-rich neighbor.
(AP, 8/4/00)
1990 Aug 5, An angry President Bush again denounced the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, telling reporters, "This will not stand. This will not stand, this aggression against Kuwait."
(AP, 8/5/00)
1990 Aug 5, In Cairo the 19th Islamic Conference of foreign Ministers adopted the “Cairo Declaration," which laid out an alternative view of liberty. The member states of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) attached a rider that the application of all human rights should be subordinated to sharia law.
(Econ, 4/4/09, p.63)(www.religlaw.org/interdocs/docs/cairohrislam1990.htm)
1990 Aug 6, JonBenet Ramsey, little beauty queen, was born. She was murdered in 1996 at her home in Colorado.
(http://crime.about.com/od/unsolved/p/jonbenet_ramsey.htm)
1990 Aug 6, The UN Security Council (Resolution 651) ordered a worldwide embargo on trade with Iraq to punish the Baghdad regime for invading Kuwait.
(SFC, 9/4/96, p.A8)(NH, 9/96, p.14)(AP, 8/6/00)(SFC, 9/24/02, p.A12)
1990 Aug 6, Pakistan’s PM Benazir Bhutto was ousted after 20 months in office by Pres. Ghulam Ishaq Khan on charges of incompetence and corruption. An interim government was led by Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi. It was later estimated that $1.5 billion was received in bribes, kickbacks and commissions from a variety of enterprises.
(SFC, 11/5/96, p.A9)(SFC, 8/20/98, p.B10)
1990 Aug 7, President Bush ordered US troops and warplanes to Saudi Arabia to guard the oil-rich desert kingdom against a possible invasion by Iraq. The US Persian Gulf War began. Operation Desert Shield ended Feb 28, 1991. It cost $8.1 billion and left 383 US casualties with 458 wounded.
(AP, 8/7/99)(WSJ, 9/22/99, p.A8)
1990 Aug 7, The UN imposed sanctions on Iraq and devastated the economy.
(SFC, 9/4/96, p.A8)
1990 Aug 8, Pete Rose began a 5-month prison term at Marion (IL) Federal prison camp.
(www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/R/Rose_Pete.stm)
1990 Aug 8, As the Persian Gulf crisis deepened, American forces began taking up positions in Saudi Arabia; Iraq announced it had annexed Kuwait as its 19th province; President Bush warned Iraqi President Saddam Hussein that "a line has been drawn in the sand."
(AP, 8/8/00)
1990 Aug 9, A week after Iraq invaded Kuwait, Western European diplomats and Arab witnesses reported that Iraq had virtually sealed its borders, preventing thousands of foreigners from leaving Iraq or Kuwait.
(AP, 8/9/00)
1990 Aug 10, Washington DC Mayor Marion Barry was convicted of a single misdemeanor drug charge and acquitted on another; the judge declared a mistrial on 12 other counts.
(AP, 8/10/00)
1990 Aug 10, US's Magellan spacecraft landed on Venus.
(www2.jpl.nasa.gov/magellan/guide10.html)
1990 Aug 10, Martha Dodd (b.1908), US-born former spy, died in the Czech Rep. She and her husband spied for the Soviet Union against her native United States from before World War II until the height of the Cold War.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Dodd)
1990 Aug 11, Egyptian and Moroccan troops arrived in Saudi Arabia to join US forces in helping to protect the desert kingdom from possible Iraqi attack.
(AP, 8/11/00)
1990 Aug 12, Air Force Staff Sergeant John Campisi of West Covina, California, died after being hit by a military truck in Saudi Arabia, becoming the first US casualty of the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 8/12/00)
1990 Aug 12, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein sought to tie any withdrawal of his troops from Kuwait to an Israeli withdrawal from the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip.
(AP, 8/12/00)
1990 Aug 13, President Bush ordered Defense Secretary Dick Cheney to the Persian Gulf for the second time since Iraq invaded Kuwait. American combat troops in Saudi Arabia, meanwhile, were told to prepare for a long stay.
(AP, 8/13/00)
1990 Aug 13, Alejandro Otero (b.1921), Venezuelan painter of Geometric abstraction, a sculptor, a writer and a cultural promoter, died in Caracas.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Otero)
1990 Aug 14, Interrupting his vacation in Kennebunkport, Maine, President Bush returned to Washington, where he told reporters he saw no hope for a diplomatic solution to the Persian Gulf crisis, at least until economic sanctions forced Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait.
(AP, 8/14/00)
1990 Aug 14, Denver voted for a 1% sales tax to pay for a baseball franchise.
(http://colorado.rockies.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/col/history/timeline2.jsp)
1990 Aug 15, In an attempt to gain support against the US-led coalition in the Persian Gulf, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein offered to make peace with longtime enemy Iran.
(AP, 8/15/00)
1990 Aug 16, President Bush met with Jordan’s King Hussein in Kennebunkport, Maine, where he urged the monarch to close Iraq’s access to the sea through the port of Aqaba.
(AP, 8/16/00)
1990 Aug 16, In Iraq, President Saddam Hussein issued a statement in which he repeatedly called Bush a "liar" and said the outbreak of war could result in "thousands of Americans wrapped in sad coffins."
(AP, 8/16/00)
1990 Aug 17, The film "The Exorcist 3" premiered.
(www.imdb.com/title/tt0099528/)
1990 Aug 17, The Commerce Department reported the US trade deficit shrank to $8.17 billion in June.
(AP, 8/17/00)
1990 Aug, 17, Phyllis Polaner, former aide to his ex-wife Robin Givens, sued Mike Tyson (b.1966) for sexual harassment. A New York City civil jury found Tyson committed battery but that his behavior was "not outrageous."
(www.canoe.ca/BoxingTysonHolyfield/tyson_chronology.html)(http://tinyurl.com/hfqx9)
1990 Aug 17, Pearl Bailey (b.1918), Broadway actress, singer, died in Philadelphia from a heart attack at age 72.
(www.blackpressusa.com/history/Archive.asp?week=33)
1990 Aug 18, A US frigate fired warning shots across the bow of an Iraqi oil tanker in the Gulf of Oman, apparently the first shots fired by the US in the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 8/18/00)
1990 Aug 19, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein offered to free all foreigners detained in Iraq and Kuwait provided the United States promise to withdraw its forces from Saudi Arabia and guarantee that an international economic embargo would be lifted.
(AP, 8/19/00)
1990 Aug 20, George Steinbrenner stepped down as NY Yankee owner.
(http://tinyurl.com/bjbgt)
1990 Aug 20, For the first time since Iraq began detaining foreigners, President Bush publicly referred to the detainees as hostages, and demanded their release. Iraq moved Western hostages to military installations (human shields).
(AP, 8/20/00)
1990 Aug 20, Three former Northwest Airlines pilots were convicted in Minneapolis of flying while intoxicated.
(AP, 8/20/00)
1990 Aug 20, In Poland 16 people were killed in a collision involving two trains in the Warsaw suburb of Ursus.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Poland_disasters_by_death_toll)
1990 Aug 21, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein delivered a speech in which he defended the detaining of foreigners in his country, and promised "a major catastrophe" should fighting break out in the Persian Gulf.
(AP, 8/21/00)
1990 Aug 22, President Bush signed an order calling up reservists to bolster the US military buildup in the Persian Gulf.
(AP, 8/22/00)
1990 Aug 23, David Rose (b.1910), composer (Holiday for Strings, Stripper), died.
(www.classicthemes.com/majorComposers.html)
1990 Aug 23, Armenia declared independence.
(www.armeniapedia.org/index.php?title=Soviet_Armenian_History)
1990 Aug 23, East and West Germany announced that they would unite Oct 3. The details of reunification were designed by interior minister Wolfgang Schauble.
(www.mofa.go.jp/policy/other/bluebook/1990/1990-2-1.htm)(Economist, 9/29/12, p.59)
1990 Aug 23, Iraqi state television showed President Saddam Hussein meeting with a group of about 20 Western detainees, telling the group—whom he described as "guests"—that they were being held "to prevent the scourge of war."
(AP, 8/23/00)
1990 Aug 24, Iraqi troops surrounded foreign missions in Kuwait.
(AP, 8/24/00)
1990 Aug 24, Irish hostage Brian Keenan was released by his captors in Lebanon after being held more than four years.
(AP, 8/24/00)
1990 Aug 24, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev sent a message to Iraqi President Saddam Hussein warning the Persian Gulf situation was "extremely dangerous."
(AP, 8/24/00)
1990 Aug 24, Sergei Dovlatov (b.1941), one of the most popular Russian writers of the late 20th century, died in NYC. Dovlatov had circulated his writings through samizdat and by having them smuggled into Western Europe for publication in foreign journals; an activity that caused his expulsion from the Union of Soviet Journalists in 1976. He emigrated to American in 1979. His books included “The Invisible Book" (1977).
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergei_Dovlatov)(Econ, 10/22/16, SR p.14)
1990 Aug 25, The United Nations gave the world’s navies the right to use force to stop vessels trading with Iraq.
(AP, 8/25/00)
1990 Aug 26, Fifty-five Americans, who had been evacuated from the US Embassy in Kuwait, left Baghdad by car and headed for the Turkish border.
(AP, 8/26/00)
1990 Aug 26, The bodies of two slain college students were found in their off-campus apartment in Gainesville, Florida; three more bodies were discovered in the days that followed, setting off a wave of panic.
(AP, 8/26/00)
1990 Aug 27, Fifty-two Americans reached freedom in Turkey after they were allowed to leave Iraq; three young men originally in the group, however, were detained by the Iraqis. In Washington, the State Department ordered the expulsion of 36 Iraqi diplomats.
(AP, 8/27/00)
1990 Aug 28, German spy Juergen Mohamed Gietler was arrested for passing military information to Iraq. He provided Iraq with intelligence reports on US military plans that included what the West knew of Iraqi Scud-B missile sites. He was convicted in a secret trial in 1991, sentenced to 5 years in prison and released in 1994 after which he moved to Egypt.
(SFC,11/18/97, p.B1)(SFC,12/24/97, p.A6)
1990 Aug 28, Iraq declared occupied Kuwait the 19th province of Iraq, renamed Kuwait City Kadhima, and created a new district named after President Saddam Hussein. A puppet regime under Alaa Hussein was set up. Alaa Hussein was convicted of treason in 2000 and sentenced to death. Saddam Hussein, saying he sympathized with his foreign captives, pledged to free detained women and children.
(RTH, 8/28/99)(SFC, 5/4/00, p.A18)(AP, 8/28/00)
1990 Aug 29, A defiant Iraqi President Saddam Hussein declared in a television interview that America could not defeat Iraq, saying, "I do not beg before anyone."
(AP, 8/29/00)
1990 Aug 30, President Bush told a news conference that a "new world order" could emerge from the Gulf crisis.
(AP, 8/30/00)
1990 Aug 30, Edmund G. Love (b.1912), Michigan-based writer, died in Flint. His book ''Subways Are for Sleeping'' (1957) was the basis for the Broadway musical (1961).
(LSA, Spring, 2009, p.34)(http://tinyurl.com/c6rqnh)
1990 Aug 30, In Colombia a series of abductions began with the kidnapping of Diana Turbay, a Bogota TV news director and daughter of former president Julio Cesar Turbay. The abductions were by the Medellin drug cartel under Pablo Escobar. In 1997 Gabriel Garcia Marquez published his documentation of the events in "News of a Kidnapping."
(SFEC, 6/1/97, BR p.1,6)
1990 Aug 30, UN Secretary-General Javier Perez de Cuellar arrived in Jordan to try to mediate the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 8/30/00)
1990 Aug 30, Tatarstan proclaimed sovereignty. This was not recognized by Russia. The declaration on the Republic of Tatarstan state sovereignty was adopted immediately after the declaration on the sovereignty of the Russian Federation, which provided the peoples' right "to self-determination in the national-state and national-cultural forms they have chosen."
(www.kcn.ru/tat_en/politics/dfa/sover/sover.htm)
1990 Aug 31, East & West Germany signed a treaty to join legal & political systems.
(http://tinyurl.com/omusa)
1990 Aug 31, UN Secretary-General Javier Perez de Cuellar met twice with Iraqi Foreign Minister Tariq Aziz in Amman, Jordan, trying to negotiate a solution to the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 8/31/00)
1990 Aug, In Albania the government abandoned its monopoly on foreign commerce and began to open Albania to foreign trade.
(www, Albania, 1998)
1990 Aug, In Armenia Levon Ter-Petrosyan (52) was elected as President.
(SFC, 2/4/98, p.C2)
1990 Aug, Jose Luiz Santana, the former president of Brazil's nuclear energy commission, known by its Portuguese acronym CNEN, said in 2005 that the military was preparing a test explosion when the program was ultimately dismantled in August 1990.
(AP, 8/30/05)
1990 Aug, South Ossetia, a region of north central Georgia with a population of about 100,000, declared itself sovereign. Ethnic Ossetians speak a language similar to Persian. Georgia abolished South Ossetia’s autonomous status following the attempted break. Georgian leader Zviad Gamsakhurdia declared South Ossetia part of Georgia and marched on Tskhinvali, the declared capital.
(SFC, 9/1/98, p.A10)(WSJ, 8/27/08, p.A12)
1990 Sep 1, President Bush announced that he and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev would meet in Helsinki, Finland, for a "free-flowing" one-day summit on the Persian Gulf crisis and other issues.
(AP, 9/1/00)
1990 Sep 2, Dave Stieb of the Toronto Blue Jays hurled a no-hitter against the Cleveland Indians, winning 3-0.
(AP, 9/2/00)
1990 Sep 2, Brian Watkins (22), a tourist from Utah, was stabbed in the heart and died in NYC while defending his family from muggers. Seven young men were convicted in the case. In 2015 a judge overturned the conviction of Johnny Hincapie (43) and ordered a new trial. Hincapie had testified that a detective beat him to get a signed confession.
(www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=60727659)(Econ, 12/8/12, p.31)(SFC, 10/7/15, p.A7)
1990 Sep 2, Dozens of Americans reached freedom in the first major airlift of Westerners from Iraq during the month-old Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 9/2/00)
1990 Sep 2, The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) entered into force. As of 2008 only the United States and Somalia had failed to ratify the document.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_on_the_Rights_of_the_Child)(Econ, 5/31/08, p.62)
1990 Sep 3, President Bush returned to Washington from his Maine vacation home to prepare for his summit in Finland with Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev.
(AP, 9/3/00)
1990 Sep 3, Dr. David Acer, a Florida dentist, died of AIDS after apparently infecting five of his patients with the HIV virus.
(AP, 9/3/00)
1990 Sep 4, The air evacuation of Western women and children stranded in Iraq and Kuwait resumed, with 25 Americans among the nearly 300 who made it to Jordan.
(AP, 9/4/00)
1990 Sep 5, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein urged Arabs to rise up in a Holy War against the West and former allies who had turned against him.
(AP, 9/5/00)
1990 Sep 5, In Moscow, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev met with Iraqi Foreign Minister Tariq Aziz.
(AP, 9/5/00)
1990 Sep 6, In San Jose, Ca., the new National Hockey League expansion team chose the nickname Sharks. Play will start in the Fall of 1991.
(SSFC, 9/6/15, DB p.50)
1990 Sep 6, Iraq increased pressure on trapped Westerners, warning that anyone trying to leave without permission could face life in prison.
(AP, 9/6/00)
1990 Sep 7, President Bush left for his one-day Finland summit with Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev.
(AP, 9/7/00)
1990 Sep 7, Kimberly Bergalis of Fort Pierce, Florida, came forward to identify herself as the young woman who had been infected with AIDS, apparently by her late dentist. Bergalis died the following year.
(AP, 9/7/00)
1990 Sep 7, A.J.P. Taylor (b.1906), English historian, died in London. He specialized in 19th- and 20th-century European diplomacy. His work included the best-selling biography of Bismarck, titled “Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman" (1955) and “The Origins of the Second World War" (1961). His book: "From the Boer War to the Cold War: Essays on Twentieth Century Europe," was published in 1995 and reviewed by Max Boot.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._J._P._Taylor)(WSJ, 10/30/95, p.A-16)
1990 Sep 8, Gabriela Sabatini won the US Open women’s championship and her first grand slam title as she defeated Steffi Graf.
(AP, 9/8/00)
1990 Sep 8, Marjorie Judith Vincent of Illinois was crowned Miss America.
(AP, 9/8/00)
1990 Sep 8, President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev arrived in Helsinki, Finland, for a one-day summit sparked by the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 9/8/00)
1990 Sep 9, Pete Sampras defeated Andre Agassi to win the US Open men’s title.
(AP, 9/9/00)
1990 Sep 9, President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev held a one-day summit in Helsinki, Finland, after which they joined in condemning Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait.
(AP, 9/9/00)
1990 Sep 9, Liberian dictator Pres. Samuel K. Doe was killed after being captured by rebels led by Prince Johnson. Doe was tortured by rivals and bled to death after an ear was cut off. The remains of Doe’s Krahn-dominated army composed the AFL or Armed Forces of Liberia.
(SFC, 4/10/96, p.A-4)(SFC, 4/17/96, p.A-8)(AP, 9/9/00)(AP, 2/24/10)
1990 Sep 9, Alexandr Men, Russian Biblical scholar and writer, was murdered by an ax-wielding assailant just outside his home of Semkhoz, Russia.
(Econ, 3/6/10, p.103)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Men)
1990 Sep 10, The Ellis Island Immigration Museum opened following a 6-year, $170 million restoration.
(SFEC, 6/20/99, p.T11)(www.nps.gov/stli/serv02.htm#Ellis)
1990 Sept 10, In Catamarca, Argentina, the body of 17-year-old Maria Soledad Morales was found. She had been tortured, mutilated and killed. Her murder was covered up by local authorities and as of 1996 no one had yet been charged.
(WSJ, 4/16/96, p.A-1)
1990 Sep 10, Iran agreed to resume full diplomatic ties with onetime enemy Iraq.
(AP, 9/10/00)
1990 Sep 10, In Ivory Coast Pope Paul II consecrated the Basilique Notre Dame de la Paix on the condition that a hospital for the poor be built next door. It was constructed between 1985 and 1989 at a cost of $300 million. Work on the hospital began in 2012.
(Econ, 6/16/12, p.60)(http://tinyurl.com/ne47e)
1990 Sep 11, President Bush addressed Congress on the Persian Gulf crisis, vowing that "Saddam Hussein will fail" in his takeover of Kuwait.
(AP, 9/11/00)
1990 Sep 11, In Guatemala City sociologist Myrna Mack was stabbed 27 times to death. Gen’l. Edgar Augusto Godoy and Colonels Juan Valencia Osorio and Juan Guillermo Oliva ordered Noel de Jesus Beteta, a soldier, to kill Mack. Beteta later received a 30 year sentence for the crime. The officers in 1997 sought amnesty under a new treaty. Myrna Mack was an anthropologist working on the ecological effects of the nation’s refugee policies and the genocide of Maya Indians. The officers were ordered to stand trial in 1999. In 2002 Beteta recanted his confession. In 2003 an appeals court freed Col. Juan Valencia.
(SFC, 1/7/97, p.A10)(SFC, 3/21/97, p.A18)(SFC, 4/28/98, p.A8)(SFC, 1/30/99, p.A14)(AP, 9/18/02)(SFC, 5/8/03, p.A14)
1990 Sep 12, The TV drama “Gabriel’s Fire" premiered with James Earl Jones as Gabriel Bird.
(LSA, Fall, 2007, p.27)(www.imdb.com/title/tt0098801/)
1990 Sep 12, Representatives of the World War Two allies and West and East Germany signed the Two Plus Four Treaty in Moscow giving international sanction to German unity.
(AP, 9/12/00)(www.foothill.fhda.edu/divisions/unification/finalset.html)
1990 Sep 13, NBC’s cop-courtroom drama "Law & Order" premiered on NBC.
(AP, 9/13/00)
1990 Sep 13, The Senate Judiciary Committee opened its first day of confirmation hearings for Supreme Court nominee David H. Souter, who firmly refused to discuss his views on abortion.
(AP, 9/13/00)
1990 Sep 13, The UN Security Council at its 2939th meeting adopted Resolution 666, regarding foodstuffs to be supplied to the civilian population in Iraq or Kuwait in order to relieve human suffering.
(www.caabu.org/press/documents/unscr-resolution-666.html)
1990 Sep 14, Ken Griffey, Sr. and Jr, hit back-to-back HRs in the 1st inning.
(www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/chronology/1990SEPTEMBER.stm)
1990 Sep 14, During the Persian Gulf crisis, the US Navy reported that American troops had fired a warning shot at an Iraqi tanker, then boarded it briefly before allowing it to proceed.
(AP, 9/14/00)
1990 Sep 15, France announced it would send 4,000 more soldiers to the Persian Gulf and expel Iraqi military attaches in Paris in response to Iraq’s raids on French, Belgian and Canadian diplomatic compounds in Kuwait.
(AP, 9/15/00)
1990 Sep 16, Iraqi television broadcast an eight-minute videotaped address by President Bush, who warned the Iraqi people that Saddam Hussein’s brinkmanship could plunge them into war "against the world."
(AP, 9/16/00)
1990 Sep 17, Defense Secretary Dick Cheney sacked Air Force chief of staff General Mike Dugan for openly discussing contingency plans to launch massive air strikes against Baghdad and target Iraqi President Saddam Hussein personally.
(AP, 9/17/00)
1990 Sep 17, Supreme Court nominee David H. Souter concluded three days of testimony before the Senate Judiciary Committee.
(AP, 9/17/00)
1990 Sep 18, The SF Giants cited rising player salaries and sought to raise ticket prices for a 3rd year in a row. Upper reserved seats at Candlestick would jump from $7 to $8 if approved by the SF Recreation and park Dept.
(SSFC, 9/13/15, DB p.50)
1990 Sep 18, The city of Atlanta was named the site of the 1996 Summer Olympics.
(AP, 9/18/97)
1990 Sep 18, Former savings-and-loan chief executive Charles H. Keating was jailed in Los Angeles in lieu of $5 million bail after he was indicted on criminal fraud charges.
(AP, 9/18/00)
1990 Sep 19, Iraq began confiscating foreign assets from countries that were imposing sanctions against the Baghdad government.
(AP, 9/19/00)
1990 Sep 20, Demanding equal time, Iraq asked US networks to broadcast a message by President Saddam Hussein in response to President Bush’s videotaped address to the Iraqi people.
(AP, 9/20/00)
1990 Sep 21, During a meeting of the Supreme Soviet, President Mikhail S. Gorbachev scolded legislators for dragging its feet on an economic rescue plan, and asked for sweeping new emergency powers to stabilize the economy.
(AP, 9/21/00)
1990 Sep 22, Saudi Arabia expelled most of the Yemeni and Jordanian envoys in Riyadh, accusing them of unspecified "activities jeopardizing the peace and security of the kingdom."
(AP, 9/22/00)
1990 Sep 23, PBS began an 11 hour miniseries by Ken Burns on the American Civil War.
(www.museum.tv/archives/etv/C/htmlC/civilwarth/civilwarth.htm)
1990 Sep 23, Iraq threatened to destroy Middle East oil fields and attack Israel if other nations tried to force it from Kuwait.
(AP, 9/23/00)
1990 Sep 23, South African President F.W. de Klerk arrived in the US for talks with President Bush.
(AP, 9/23/00)
1990 Sep 24, South African President F.W. de Klerk met at the White House with President Bush.
(AP, 9/24/00)
1990 Sep 24, East Germany signed a treaty with the Soviet Union ending its membership in the Warsaw Pact.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Pact)
1990 Sep 24, The Supreme Soviet voted to give preliminary approval to a plan for switching the Soviet Union to a free-market economy.
(AP, 9/24/00)
1990 Sep 25, In a videotaped message to Americans, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein warned that if President Bush launched a war against his country, "it would not be up to him to end it."
(AP, 9/25/00)
1990 Sep 25, The UN Security Council voted 14-to-1 to impose an air embargo against Iraq. Cuba cast the lone dissenting vote.
(AP, 9/25/00)
1990 Sep 26, The Motion Picture Association of America announced it had created a new rating, "NC-17," designed to bar moviegoers under the age of 17 from certain films without the commercial stigma of the old "X" rating.
(AP, 9/26/00)
1990 Sep 26, Alberto Moravia, Italian writer (Woman in Red), died at 82.
(http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/moravia.htm)
1990 Sep 27, The US Senate Judiciary Committee approved the Supreme Court nomination of David H. Souter.
(AP, 9/27/00)
1990 Sep 27, The deposed emir of Kuwait delivered an emotional address to the UN General Assembly in which he denounced the "rape, destruction and terror" inflicted upon his country by Iraq.
(AP, 9/27/00)
1990 Sep 28, The exiled emir of Kuwait visited the White House, where he told President Bush the Iraqis were destroying and looting his country.
(AP, 9/28/00)
1990 Sep 29, Top leaders of Congress and the Bush administration began closed-door negotiations in an attempt to reach an eleventh-hour budget agreement.
(AP, 9/29/00)
1990 Sep 29, The YF22 fighter, an American prototype fighter aircraft designed by Northrop and McDonnell Douglas, was first flown by Lockheed test pilot Dave Ferguson.
(NPub, 2002, p.25)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_YF-23)
1990 Sep 30, President Bush and congressional leaders forged a $500 billion five-year compromise package of tax increases and spending cuts.
(AP, 9/30/00)
1990 Sep 30, Serbs in Croatia proclaimed autonomy.
(http://tinyurl.com/q8lrk)
1990 Sep, The 1st gene therapy experiment took place at the NIH.
(SFC, 10/4/02, p.A7)
1990 Sep, San Mateo County, Ca., and PG&E held a public meeting to tell residents of Daly City’s Midway Village about the contaminated soil on the site. Residents wee informed that toxic wastes have been found in about one of every four of the buildings.
(SFC, 1/19/00, p.A4)(SFC, 3/2/09, p.B1)
1990 Sep, A 61-year-old woman disappeared in NYC and her dismembered body was found weeks later in two plastic bags. In 2007 Montenegro police arrested Smail Tulja (67) in his home in Montenegro's capital, Podgorica, on an international arrest warrant that the authorities received from FBI and Interpol agents. He was wanted for the killing and dismemberment of an elderly woman in New York City in 1990 and is also suspected in similar slayings of women throughout Europe.
(AP, 2/22/07)
1990 Sep, In Iraq biological weapons scientists took control of a foot-and-mouth vaccine plant in Daura and began producing anthrax and botulinum toxin.
(SFEC, 3/7/99, p.A18)
1990 Sep, Transdniestria declared its independence over fears that Moldova planned to reunite with Romania. It was not recognized internationally.
(www.aliciapatterson.org/APF1803/Meier_Foster/Meier_Foster.html)(AP, 1/5/12)
1990 Oct 1, President Bush, addressing the UN General Assembly, again condemned Iraq’s takeover of Kuwait, but also suggested an unconditional military withdrawal could help speed an end to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
(AP, 10/1/00)
1990 Oct 1, Curtis E. LeMay (83), Air Force General and VP candidate, died at March Air Force Base, California.
(AP, 10/1/00)
1990 Oct 2, President Bush, trying to muster acceptance for a $500 billion package of tax increases and spending cuts, asked Americans in a televised address to support the plan.
(AP, 10/2/00)
1990 Oct 2, The US Senate voted 90-to-9 to confirm the nomination of Judge David H. Souter to the Supreme Court.
(AP, 10/2/97)
1990 Oct 3, West Germany and East Germany ended 45 years of postwar division, declaring the creation of a new unified country. Formal reunification took place after a unification treaty was ratified by the Federal Republic‘s Bundestag and the German Democratic Republic‘s People‘s Chamber in September. Kurt Masur (1927-2015) directed Beethoven's Ninth Symphony at the official celebrations.
(AP, 10/3/97)(HN, 10/3/98)(HNQ, 11/10/99)(AP, 12/19/15)
1990 Oct 3, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein made his first known visit to Kuwait since his country seized control of the oil-rich emirate.
(AP, 10/3/00)
1990 Oct 4, For the first time in nearly six decades, German lawmakers met in the Reichstag for the first meeting of reunified Germany’s parliament.
(AP, 10/4/00)
1990 Oct 5, The US House of Representatives rejected a $500 billion budget agreement forged by congressional leaders and the Bush administration.
(AP, 10/5/00)
1990 Oct 5, A jury in Cincinnati acquitted an art gallery and its director of obscenity charges stemming from an exhibit of sexually graphic photographs by Robert Mapplethorpe.
(AP, 10/5/97)
1990 Oct 5, Meir Kahane (58), founder of Jewish defense league, was assassinated in NYC by an Arab extremist.
(www.adl.org/extremism/jdl_chron.asp)
1990 Oct 6, President Bush vetoed stopgap spending legislation passed by Congress following the collapse of a deficit-reducing budget agreement.
(AP, 10/6/00)
1990 Oct 6, The space shuttle “Discovery" blasted off on a four-day mission. NASA launched the Ulysses solar probe, an American and European spacecraft, aboard the space shuttle Discovery. It ceased operations in 2008.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses_probe)(AP, 10/6/00)(SFC, 6/13/08, p.A5)
1990 Oct 6, Four people were killed in a balloon crash at Gaenserndorf, near Vienna.
(AP, 2/26/13)
1990 Oct 7, The US House and Senate Democrats put together a modified budget proposal, following the failure of an earlier plan and the veto of stopgap spending legislation by President Bush.
(AP, 10/7/00)
1990 Oct 7, Grim Natwick (b.1890), American animator and film director, died. He created Betty Boop in 1930.
(WSJ, 12/21/06, p.D8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grim_Natwick)
1990 Oct 7, Israel began handing out gas masks to its citizens in case of attack by Iraq.
(http://openweb.tvnews.vanderbilt.edu/1990-10/1990-10-07-CBS-6.html)
1990 Oct 8, American doctors Joseph E. Murray and E. Donnall Thomas were named recipients of the Nobel Prize in medicine for their discoveries about organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease.
(SFEC, 10/8/96, A9)(AP, 10/8/00)
1990 Oct 8, The US House approved a revised deficit-reducing budget plan, and both chambers of Congress approved stopgap spending legislation to end a government shutdown.
(AP, 10/8/00)
1990 Oct 8, Israeli police opened fire on rioting Palestinians on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, killing 17.
(AP, 10/8/00)
1990 Oct 9, President Bush told a news conference he would be willing to consider higher income tax rates for the wealthy, but later appeared to back off that stand.
(AP, 10/9/00)
1990 Oct 9, David Hackett Souter was sworn in as a US Supreme Court judge.
(NW, 7/7/03, p.48)
1990 Oct 10, The Oakland A’s swept to the American League pennant and their third straight World Series by defeating the Boston Red Sox, 3-to-1.
(AP, 10/10/00)
1990 Oct 10, The space shuttle "Discovery" landed safely at Edwards Air Force Base in California, ending a virtually flawless four-day mission.
(AP, 10/10/00)
1990 Oct 11, The Center for Urban Archaeology opened in NYC South Street Seaport Museum.
(www.southstseaport.org/archaeology/nyunearthed.shtm)
1990 Oct 11, Octavio Paz was named the winner of the Nobel Prize for literature, the first Mexican writer so honored.
(AP, 10/11/00)
1990 Oct 11, The first flight of the X-31 took place. The collaborative US-German Rockwell-MBB X-31 Enhanced Fighter Maneuverability program was designed to test fighter thrust vectoring technology.
(NPub, 2002, p.25)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-31)
1990 Oct 11, About 60-thousand people rallied in Prague, Czechoslovakia, in support of a government proposal to seize all Communist Party property without compensation.
(AP, 10/11/00)
1990 Oct 12, The Cincinnati Reds won the National League pennant, defeating the Pittsburgh Pirates 2-to-1.
(AP, 10/12/00)
1990 Oct 12, Wolfgang Schauble (b.1942), German politician, was the target of an assassination attempt by Dieter Kaufmann, who fired 3 shots at Schäuble after an election campaign event in Oppenau. Schauble was left paralyzed from the waist down. In 2009 he was appointed finance minister under Chancellor Angel Merkel.
(Econ, 5/14/11, p.70)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble)
1990 Oct 12, The UN Security Council voted unanimously to condemn Israel’s security forces for killing 17 Palestinian demonstrators on the Temple Mount.
(AP, 10/12/00)
1990 Oct 13, At the start of a three-day conference in Jiddah, Saudi Arabia, the crown prince of Kuwait promised greater democracy for the emirate if it were freed from Iraqi occupation.
(AP, 10/13/00)
1990 Oct 13, In Lebanon, rebel Christian General Michel Aoun ended his mutiny against the government. Syrian forces defeated the army under Aoun. Jihad Georges Eid (20) a soldier in the Lebanese army, was taken from Lebanon by Syrian troops on the day of the last battle in the civil war. For the next 20 plus years, more than 600 families, Lebanese and Palestinian, Muslim and Christian, demanded authorities reveal the fate of thousands of political prisoners believed to have disappeared at the hands of Syrian troops.
(AP, 10/13/00)(SFC, 4/27/05, p.A8)(AFP, 10/13/11)
1990 Oct 13, The 1st Russian Orthodox service in 70 yrs was held in St. Basil's Cathedral.
(http://openweb.tvnews.vanderbilt.edu/1990-10/1990-10-13-NBC-20.html)
1990 Oct 13, Le Duc Tho, co-founder of the Vietnamese Communist Party, died in Hanoi at age 79. He was the 1975 North Vietnamese negotiator in Paris.
(AP, 10/13/00)(MC, 10/13/01)
1990 Oct 14, Leonard Bernstein (b.1918), American composer and conductor, died in New York City. In 2009 Barry Seldes authored “Leonard Bernstein: The Political Life of an American Musician."
(AP, 10/14/97)(Econ, 5/30/09, p.85)
1990 Oct 15, Soviet Union President Mikhail S. Gorbachev was named the winner of the Nobel Peace Prize.
(SFC, 10/12/96, p.A13)(AP, 10/15/97)
1990 Oct 15, South Africa’s Separate Amenities Act, which barred blacks from public facilities for decades, was formally scrapped.
(AP, 10/15/00)
1990 Oct 16, The Cincinnati Reds beat the Oakland A’s 7-to-0 in game one of the World Series.
(AP, 10/16/00)
1990 Oct 16, US forces reached 200,000 in Persian Gulf.
(http://archives.econ.utah.edu/archives/marxism/2004w05/msg00102.htm)
1990 Oct 16, Comedian Steve Martin and his wife, actress Victoria Tennant, visited American GI’s in Saudi Arabia.
(AP, 10/16/00)
1990 Oct 16, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev submitted to the Soviet legislature a scaled-back plan to transform the Soviet economy to a free-market system.
(AP, 10/16/00)
1990 Oct 17, "Les Miserables," opened at Imperial Theatre, NYC and His Majesty's Theatre, Perth.
(MC, 10/17/01)
1990 Oct 17, The Cincinnati Reds opened up a two games-to-none World Series lead, beating the Oakland A’s 5-to-4.
(AP, 10/17/00)
1990 Oct 17, In testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Secretary of State James Baker said Iraqi President Saddam Hussein "must fail if peace is to succeed."
(AP, 10/17/00)
1990 Oct 18, Iraq offered to sell its oil to anyone—including the United States—for $21 a barrel, the same price level that preceded the invasion of Kuwait.
(AP, 10/18/00)
1990 Oct 19, The Cincinnati Reds beat the Oakland A’s 8-to-3, taking a three games-to-none lead in the World Series.
(AP, 10/19/00)
1990 Oct 19, Iraq ordered all foreigners in occupied Kuwait to report to authorities or face punishment.
(AP, 10/19/00)
1990 Oct 19, The Supreme Soviet voted to approve President Mikhail S. Gorbachev’s economic reform plan.
(AP, 10/19/00)
1990 Oct 20, The Cincinnati Reds won the World Series, 2-to-1, sweeping the Oakland A’s in four games.
(AP, 10/20/00)
1990 Oct 20, US-Iraq antiwar protest marches began in 20 US cities.
(www.tandl.vt.edu/Foundations/mediaproject/mediaprojecthtml/iraq11.html)
1990 Oct 20, Three members of the rap group 2 Live Crew were acquitted by a jury in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, of violating obscenity laws with an adults-only concert in nearby Hollywood the previous June.
(AP, 10/20/00)
1990 Oct 20, Joel McCrea (84), actor (Ramrod), died of pulmonary complications.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0566948/)
1990 Oct 21, Walther Sommerlath (b.1901), the father of Sweden’s Queen Silvia, died in Heidelberg. During WWII he swapped a coffee farm in Brazil for a German-based business owned by Efim Wechsler, a Jewish businessman. This allowed Wechsler to emigrate from Nazi Germany.
(SFC, 12/21/12, p.A8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther_Sommerlath)
1990 Oct 21, A Palestinian stabbed three Israelis to death during a rampage in a Jerusalem neighborhood in retaliation for the police killings of 17 Arabs on the Temple Mount.
(AP, 10/21/00)
1990 Oct 22, Louis Althusser (b.1918), Algeria-born French Marxist philosopher, died in Paris.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Althusser)
1990 Oct 23, Deficit-reduction negotiations continued between the White House and congressional leaders. President Bush, campaigning in New England, blamed the Democratic-controlled Congress for the budget impasse.
(AP, 10/23/00)
1990 Oct 23, Iraq announced the release of 330 French hostages.
(http://tinyurl.com/s498l)
1990 Oct 24, The Senate failed to override President Bush’s veto of a major civil rights bill by a vote of 66-to-34, one vote short of the two-thirds majority needed.
(AP, 10/24/00)
1990 Oct 24, Humphrey the whale swam out the Golden Gate ending a 3-day visit to SF Bay. He had become famous in 1985 after a 3-week tour of the SF Bay and Sacramento River.
(SSFC, 10/25/15, DB p.50)
1990 Oct 24, The existence of Gladio, a “stay-behind" espionage operation, was acknowledged by Giulio Andreotti, head of the Italian government. It was sponsored by the CIA and NATO to counter communist influence after World War II in Italy, as well as in other European countries.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio)
1990 Oct 24, In Pakistan Nawaz Sharif’s nine-party Democratic Alliance won a 2/3 majority in the National Assembly.
(SFC, 1/30/97, p.A9)
1990 Oct 25, Evander Holyfield knocked out Buster Douglas in the third round of their fight in Las Vegas to become the undisputed heavyweight champion of the world.
(AP, 10/25/00)
1990 Oct 25, Defense Secretary Dick Cheney said the Pentagon was laying plans to send as many as 100-thousand more troops to Saudi Arabia.
(AP, 10/25/00)
1990 Oct 25, NY Daily News went on strike. It lasted through March, 1991.
(www.journalism.indiana.edu/gallery/Ethics/like.html)
1990 Oct 26, Wayne Gretzky became the first National Hockey League player to reach 2,000 points.
(AP, 10/26/00)
1990 Oct 26, The US State Department issued a warning that terrorists could be planning an attack on a passenger ship or aircraft.
(AP, 10/26/00)
1990 Oct 26, William S. Paley, the founder of CBS Incorporated, died in New York at age 89.
(AP, 10/26/00)
1990 Oct 27, The US Senate gave final legislative approval to a record package of taxes and spending cuts, hours after the House approved the plan.
(AP, 10/27/00)
1990 Oct 27, Death claimed bandleader Xavier Cugat at age 90.
(AP, 10/27/00)
1990 Oct 27, Elliott Roosevelt (80), son of FDR, died.
(AP, 10/27/00)
1990 Oct 28, In a surprise move, Iraq said it was halting gasoline rationing imposed earlier in response to global economic sanctions.
(AP, 10/28/00)
1990 Oct 29, Clinton’s campaign for governor of Arkansas received a $75,000 loan from the Perry County Bank. A few days later another cash withdrawal was made for $22,500.
(SFC, 6/28/96, p.A7)
1990 Oct 29, William French Smith (73), former US attorney general (1980), died of cancer.
(http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/smith9.html)
1990 Oct 29, The UN Security Council voted to hold Saddam Hussein’s regime liable for human rights abuses and war damages during its occupation of Kuwait.
(AP, 10/29/00)
1990 Oct 30, Britain’s PM Margaret Thatcher addressed the House of Commons and strongly rejected the European Commission’s federal ambitions to integration.
(Econ, 3/5/15, p.54)
1990 Oct 30, The Iraqi News Agency quoted Saddam Hussein as saying Iraq was making final preparations for war, and that he expected an attack by the United States and its allies within days.
(AP, 10/30/00)
1990 Oct 30, In the Persian Gulf, ten American sailors died when a steam pipe ruptured aboard the USS "Iwo Jima"; in Saudi Arabia, a Marine was killed in an accident while driving in the desert.
(AP, 10/30/00)
1990 Oct 30, In Russia the Solovetsky stone was erected in Moscow. It was from the Stalin-era Solovki prison camp as a memorial to victims of Soviet repression.
(Econ, 12/22/12, p.82)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solovetsky_Stone)
1990 Oct 31, During a campaign swing in suburban Washington, President Bush said "I have had it" with the way Iraq was treating American diplomats and hostages, but added he had no timetable for deciding on a possible military strike.
(AP, 10/31/00)
1990 Oct, At the 13th National Computer Security Conference in Washington, DC, Dorothy Demming presented her paper "Concerning Hackers Who Break into Computers." In 1995 she published a postscript denouncing the group.
(Wired, 9/96, p.221)
1990 Oct, A $12.5 million verdict against the White Aryan Resistance was pronounced for the killing of an Ethiopian student in Portland.
(SFC, 7/25/98, p.A3)
1990 Oct, McDonald's chose Shenzhen for its first Chinese restaurant.
(www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2008-09/08/content_7007412.htm)
1990 Oct, French Pres. Francois Mitterand called for an economic government of Europe during a Franco-German summit in Paris.
(Econ, 7/14/07, p.58)
1990 Oct, Tutsi exiles from Uganda invaded Rwanda. There was an uprising led by mainly Tutsi exiles in Uganda, known as the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), against the 18-year-old regime of Juvenal Habyarimana.
(WSJ, 11/15/96, p.A16)(SFC, 2/21/97, p.A26)
1990 Oct, In Rwanda Fred Rwigema was killed by a sniper. Paul Kagame returned from studying at the US Army Command and General Staff College to lead the RPF.
(WSJ, 8/17/98, p.A10)
1990 Oct, Syrian troops entered Beirut, to ostensibly help end the 15-year Lebanese civil war.
(WSJ, 7/19/95, p.A-1)
1990 Nov 1, During a trip to Orlando, Florida, President Bush accused Iraqi forces of engaging in "barbarism" and "brutality," adding, "I don’t believe that Adolf Hitler ever participated in anything of that nature."
(AP, 11/1/00)
1990 Nov 2, The White House announced that President Bush planned to spend Thanksgiving with American GI’s in Saudi Arabia.
(AP, 11/2/00)
1990 Nov 3, Secretary of State James A. Baker the Third embarked on a fast-paced tour of seven countries to "lay the foundation" for possible military action against Iraq.
(AP, 11/3/00)
1990 Nov 3, The Kryptos sculpture, created by sculptor Jim Sanborn, was dedicated in the courtyard of the CIA headquarters in Virginia.
(SSFC, 11/21/10, p.A16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryptos)
1990 Nov 3, Mary Martin (b.1913), Broadway musical actress, died in Rancho Mirage, California. Her roles included Peter Pan.
(AP, 11/3/00)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Martin#Filmography)
1990 Nov 4, Douglas Wakiihuri of Kenya and Wanda Panfil of Poland won the New York City Marathon.
(AP, 11/4/00)
1990 Nov 4, Secretary of State James Baker visited US troops in the Saudi Arabian desert.
(AP, 11/4/00)
1990 Nov 4, Iraq issued a new broadside, saying it was prepared to fight a "dangerous war" rather than give up Kuwait.
(AP, 11/4/00)
1990 Nov 5, The US Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 imposed caps on discretionary spending and introduced the “Paygo" rule, forcing tax cuts to be offset by spending cuts. It was enacted as title XIII of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omnibus_Budget_Reconciliation_Act_of_1990)(Econ, 11/20/10, p.30)
1990 Nov 5, Rabbi Meir Kahane, the Brooklyn-born Israeli extremist who campaigned to drive Arabs from Israel, was shot to death after a speech at a New York hotel. Egyptian native El Sayyed Nosair was acquitted of murder and convicted of weapons charges in state court; he was later convicted in connection with the slaying in federal court.
(AP, 11/5/00)
1990 Nov 6, US Democrats increased their congressional voting strength in midterm elections.
(AP, 11/6/00)
1990 Nov 6, William Jefferson became the 1st African American to be elected to Congress from Louisiana since Reconstruction. In 2005 he was under FBI investigation for corruption.
(SFC, 8/4/05, p.A3)
1990 Nov 6, In Texas Ann Richards (1933-2006) narrowly beat oilman Clayton Williams to become state governor.
(Econ, 11/3/12, p.86)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Richards)
1990 Nov 6, About one-fifth of the Universal Studios back lot in southern California was destroyed in an arson fire.
(AP, 11/6/00)
1990 Nov 6, In Saudi Arabia a group of women got into cars and drove the streets of Riyadh in defiance of a government ban. The protest, which made headlines around the world, cost the 47 female drivers and passengers dearly. They were arrested, lost their jobs for 2 1/2 years, were banned from travel for a year and were condemned by the powerful clergy as harlots. This led interior minister Prince Nayef bin Abdul Aziz to ban women from driving.
(AP, 11/14/08)(AFP, 6/16/12)
1990 Nov 7, In some of her strongest remarks during the Persian Gulf crisis, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher warned Iraqi President Saddam Hussein that time was "running out" for a peaceful solution.
(AP, 11/7/00)
1990 Nov 7, Lawrence Durrell (b.1912), expatriate British writer, died in France. His most famous work is the tetralogy The Alexandria Quartet (1957-1960). In 2012 Joanna Hodgkin authored “Amateurs in Eden: The Story of a Bohemian Marriage, Nancy and Lawrence Durrell."
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Durrell)
1990 Nov 7, Mary Robinson was elected as 1st female president of Ireland for a 7 year term. She was later selected as the UN commissioner for human rights.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_presidential_election,_1990)(SFC,10/31/97, p.D3)
1990 Nov 7, In Ivory Coast Alassane Ouattara (b.1942) served as prime minister under Pres. Felix Houphouet-Boigny. He continued in office to 1993.
(Econ, 4/23/11, p.52)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alassane_Ouattara)
1990 Nov 8, The play "6 Degrees of Separation," written by John Guare opened at Vivian Beaumont NYC for 496 performances.
(www.ibdb.com/production.asp?ID=4622)
1990 Nov 8, President Bush ordered a new round of troop deployments in the Persian Gulf, adding up to 150-thousand soldiers to the multinational force facing off against Iraq.
(AP, 11/8/00)
1990 Nov 9, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev signed a historic non-aggression treaty with Germany, winning praise from German leaders in Bonn for his role in the peaceful fall of the Berlin Wall.
(AP, 11/9/00)
1990 Nov 10, Secretary of State James A. Baker the Third returned to Washington, claiming success in his weeklong diplomatic tour aimed at shoring up the anti-Iraq coalition.
(AP, 11/10/00)
1990 Nov 10, Chandra Shekhar was sworn in as India’s new prime minister.
(AP, 11/10/00)
1990 Nov 11, Stormie Jones, the world’s first heart-liver transplant recipient, died at a Pittsburgh hospital at age 13.
(AP, 11/11/00)
1990 Nov 11, In Myanmar Rangoon students Soe Myint and a friend hijacked a plane enroute from Bangkok to Yangon. They made it fly to Calcutta (later Kolkata) by pretending that a bar of soap inside a statuette was a bomb. Myint then launched a news service covering Myanmar from India using underground reporters.
(http://tinyurl.com/kz4vs6d)(Econ, 8/10/13, p.38)
1990 Nov 12, Actress Eve Arden died in Beverly Hills, California, at age 82.
(AP, 11/12/00)
1990 Nov 12, Japanese Emperor Akihito formally assumed the Chrysanthemum Throne.
(AP, 11/12/97)
1990 Nov 13, Secretary of State James A. Baker III told reporters in Hamilton, Bermuda, the Persian Gulf crisis threatened world recession and the loss of American jobs. Members of Congress demanded a larger role in US Gulf policy following President Bush’s decision to send more US troops to the region.
(AP, 11/13/00)
1990 Nov 14, President Bush told congressional leaders he had no immediate plans to go to war in the Persian Gulf.
(AP, 11/14/00)
1990 Nov 14, Simon and Schuster announced it had dropped plans to publish the controversial Bret Easton Ellis novel "American Psycho."
(AP, 11/14/00)
1990 Nov 14, British journalist commentator Malcolm Muggeridge (b.1903) died in Sussex, England. Richard Ingrams authored: "Muggeridge: The Biography" (1996).
(WSJ, 4/17/96, p.A-18) (AP, 11/14/00)
1990 Nov 15, Pres. Bush signed the Clear Air Act of 1990.
(www.epa.gov/history/topics/caa90/02.htm)
1990 Nov 15, The US Senate Ethics Committee began hearings on the "Keating Five," a group of senators accused of going too far in helping failed savings-and-loan owner Charles H. Keating Junior.
(AP, 11/15/00)
1990 Nov 15, Milli Vanilli’s producer confirmed rumors the duo had not done any of the singing on their debut album, "Girl You Know It’s True."
(AP, 11/15/00)
1990 Nov 15, The space shuttle "Atlantis" was launched on a secret military mission.
(AP, 11/15/00)
1990 Nov 16, Four of the so-called "Keating Five" went before the Senate Ethics Committee to deny any wrongdoing in helping failed savings-and-loan owner Charles H. Keating Junior.
(AP, 11/16/00)
1990 Nov 16, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev told an angry Soviet legislature he would fire government and military officials blocking his reform plans.
(AP, 11/16/00)
1990 Nov 17, President Bush, on the first visit to Czechoslovakia by a US president, told a cheering crowd of 100,000 in Prague that "America will stand with you" through hard times ahead.
(AP, 11/17/00)
1990 Nov 18, President Bush began a series of meetings in Paris with allied leaders aimed at solidifying support for his Persian Gulf policies.
(AP, 11/18/00)
1990 Nov 18, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev met at the Vatican with Pope John Paul the Second, who said all possible efforts should be made to avoid war in the Persian Gulf.
(AP, 11/18/00)
1990 Nov 19, The pop duo Milli Vanilli were stripped of their Grammy Award because other singers had lent their voices to the "Girl You Know It's True" album.
(AP, 11/19/98)
1990 Nov 19, US Pres. George H.W. Bush met with Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev in Paris for a 3-day meeting between NATO members and Warsaw Pact nations.
(SSFC, 12/2/18, p.A13)
1990 Nov 19, Leaders of 16 NATO members and the remaining six Warsaw Pact nations signed treaties in Paris making sweeping cuts in conventional arms throughout Europe and pledging non-aggression toward one another. The Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) was signed by the United States and 21 other NATO and WTO countries at a CSCE summit in Paris.
(AP, 11/19/00)(www.fas.org/nuke/control/cfe/chron.htm)
1990 Nov 20, The space shuttle "Atlantis" landed at Cape Canaveral, Florida, after completing a secret military mission.
(AP, 11/20/00)
1990 Nov 20, The Soviet Union again rebuffed President Bush’s efforts to rally support for a UN Security Council resolution authorizing military force against Iraq.
(AP, 11/20/00)
1990 Nov 20, Margaret Thatcher failed to defeat Heseltine's bid for party leadership.
(http://tinyurl.com/krb66)
1990 Nov 21, President Bush arrived in Saudi Arabia, where he conferred with Saudi King Fahd and Kuwait’s exiled emir.
1990 Nov 21, Junk-bond financier Michael R. Milken, who had pleaded guilty to six felony counts, was sentenced by a federal judge in New York to ten years in prison. He served two.
(AP, 11/21/00)
1990 Nov 22, President Bush, his wife, Barbara, and top congressional leaders shared Thanksgiving dinner with US troops in Saudi Arabia.
(AP, 11/22/00)
1990 Nov 22, Three term British PM Margaret Thatcher, having failed to win re-election of the Conservative Party leadership on the first ballot, announced her resignation. In 2009 Richard Vinen authored “Thatcher’s Britain: The Politics and Social Upheaval of the Thatcher Era."
(AP, 11/22/97)(Econ, 5/2/09, p.84)
1990 Nov 23, President Bush conferred separately with Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak in Cairo and Syrian President Hafez Assad in Geneva, seeking Arab support for his drive to expel Iraqi troops from Kuwait.
(AP, 11/23/00)
1990 Nov 23, Roald Dahl (b.1916), British short story author (Sweet Mystery of Life), died. Dahl became widely know for “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" and “James and Giant Peach." From 1953 to 1983 he was married to actress Patricia Neal (1926-2010). In 2010 Donald Sturrock authored “Storyteller: The Authorized Biography of Roald Dahl."
(www.kirjasto.sci.fi/rdahl.htm)(SFC, 8/9/10, p.A6)(SSFC, 10/3/10, p.F4)
1990 Nov 23, Iraq ended curfew in occupied Kuwait, but began calling up army reservists in their thirties.
(AP, 11/23/02)
1990 Nov 24, President Bush returned home from an eight-day tour of Europe and the Middle East, during which he’d lobbied foreign leaders on behalf of his Persian Gulf policy.
(AP, 11/24/00)
1990 Nov 24, In Texas Rosemary Diaz (15) went missing. Her remains were found in 2015 near the Wharton-Matagorda county line following a tip from the family of a man considered a suspect in the case. The suspect had recently died of cancer.
(http://tinyurl.com/p6hvtsh)(SFC, 11/26/15, p.A10)
1990 Nov 25, Poland held its first popular presidential election. Solidarity founder Lech Walesa, who received a plurality of votes, won a runoff the following month.
(AP, 11/25/00)
1990 Nov 26, Five permanent members of U.N. Security Council agreed on peace plan for Cambodia.
(AP, 11/26/02)
1990 Nov 26, Japanese business giant Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. agreed to acquire MCA Inc. for $6.6 billion.
(AP, 11/26/01)
1990 Nov 27, Britain's conservatives chose John Major (47) to succeed Margaret Thatcher as prime minister.
(http://tinyurl.com/jhpbu)
1990 Nov 27, In Switzerland the canton Appenzell Rhodes-Interieur was required to count women’s votes by a decision of the Swiss Federal Tribunal. It was the last Swiss state to finally give women the right to vote.
(Hem., 2/97, p.26)
1990 Nov 28, Tamara De Treaux (b.1959), movie actress, played E.T.; 31 in. tall, died.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0211972/)
1990 Nov 28, Margaret Thatcher resigned as prime minister of Britain during an audience with Queen Elizabeth II, who conferred the premiership on John Major.
(AP, 11/28/97)
1990 Nov 29, Pres. George H. Bush signed the US Immigration Act of this year allowed up to 10,000 foreign citizens to gain an "employment creation" visa if they would put up $1 million in a job creating enterprise. Immigrant Investor Program, also known as EB-5, was set up to lure foreigners by giving them the right to live and work in the US if they created jobs. The H-1B visa allowed companies to hire a limited number of temporary foreign labor in specialized occupations.
(http://www.americanlaw.com/investor.html)(SFC,12/26/97, p.A8)(Econ, 12/3/11, p.40)(SFC, 2/17/17, p.C1)
1990 Nov 29, The UN Security Council (Resolution 678), led by the United States, voted 12-to-two to authorize military action if Iraq did not withdraw its troops from Kuwait and release all foreign hostages by January 15th, 1991.
(AP, 11/29/00)(SFC, 9/24/02, p.A12)
1990 Nov 30, President Bush announced that Secretary of State James Baker the Third would go to Iraq in a last-ditch diplomatic peace effort.
(AP, 11/30/00)
1990 Nov 30, President Bush named outgoing Florida Governor Bob Martinez to head the nation’s war on drugs.
(AP, 11/30/00)
1990 Nov 30, Harken Energy transferred $20 million in debt to a Harvard partnership, and eliminated another $16 million in debt by transferring assets to Harvard. George W. Bush served as a Harken board member and paid consultant.
(WSJ, 10/9/02, p.A4)
1990 Nov 30, Author Norman Cousins died in Los Angeles at age 75.
(AP, 11/30/00)
1990 Nov, The US stock market began a 4 month decline of 22%.
(SFC,10/17/97, p.B2)
1990 Nov, San Mateo County, Ca., hired contractors to remove some of the soil from Midway Village in Daly City and to cap some areas with concrete patios.
(SFC, 1/19/00, p.A4)
1990 Nov, In Albania private religious practice began to be allowed.
(WA, 1997,CD)
1990 Nov, British Cabinet member Geoffrey Howe resigned as deputy prime minister over PM margaret Thatcher’s refusal to agree on a timetable to join a single European currency.
(Econ, 4/13/13, p.28)
1990 Nov, In Bulgaria Andrei Lukanov fell from power under a wave of protests and strikes.
(SFC, 10/5/96, p.A10)
1990 Nov, In Chad Idriss Deby (37), a guerilla chief, seized power in a coup. His Zaghawa tribe came to dominate the government and was widely opposed by other Chadians from other regions.
(www.atlapedia.com/online/countries/chad.htm)(Econ, 3/4/06, p.42)
1990 Nov, In Naples 2 oil paintings and 17 busts were stolen from the church of Santa Maria degli Angeli alle Croci. In 2009 one of the busts was found in the home of a North Carolina couple who had no idea it was stolen. Authorities told The Charlotte Observer the trail went cold until two years ago, when officials in Rome let federal agents know an Italian citizen sold a similar statue to an antiques dealer from Greensboro.
(AP, 3/21/09)
1990 Nov, In Macedonia a party that advocated a confederation of independent states of Yugoslavia won power.
(SFC, 6/11/96, p.A14)
1990 Dec 1, British and French workers digging the Channel Tunnel between their countries finally met after knocking out a passage in a service tunnel large enough to walk through and shake hands.
(AP, 12/1/00)
1990 Dec 1, Hissene Habre (b.1942), dictator of Chad, was deposed by Idriss Deby and fled to Senegal with $11 million.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiss%C3%A8ne_Habr%C3%A9)(WSJ, 5/31/00, p.A26)
1990 Dec 1, Iraq accepted a US offer to talk about resolving the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 12/1/00)
1990 Dec 2, Composer Aaron Copland died in North Tarrytown, N.Y., at age 90. In 1999 Howard Pollack published "Aaron Copland: The Life and Work of an Uncommon Man."
(AP, 12/2/98)(SFEC, 5/2/99, BR p.4)
1990 Dec 2, Bob Cummings (b.1908), film and TV star, died in Woodland Hills, California.
(www.movieactors.com/actors/robertcummings.htm)
1990 Dec 2, Chancellor Helmut Kohl’s center-right coalition easily won the first free all-German elections since 1932.
(AP, 12/2/00)
1990 Dec 3, A Northwest Airlines DC-9 collided on the ground with a Northwest Boeing 727 at Detroit Metropolitan Airport, resulting in a fire that claimed eight lives.
(AP, 12/3/00)
1990 Dec 3, President Bush began a five-nation South American tour as he arrived in Brazil.
(AP, 12/3/00)
1990 Dec 3, Walter Hickel (1919-2010), former governor of Alaska (1966-1969) and US Interior chief (1969-1970) under Pres. Nixon, took office as Alaska’s 8th governor. He served to Dec 5, 1994.
(SSFC, 5/9/10, p.C8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wally_Hickel)
1990 Dec 4, President Bush, on a five-nation South American tour, said in Uruguay he was not convinced that "sanctions alone" would bring Iraqi President Saddam Hussein "to his senses" about invading Kuwait.
(AP, 12/4/00)
1990 Dec 4, Due to Persian Gulf crisis gas prices hit $1.60 per gallon in NYC.
(http://tinyurl.com/s8h6r)
1990 Dec 4, Eric Larrabee (68), magazine editor, author, arts administrator, teacher and champion of the arts, died at his home in Manhattan. His books included “Commander in Chief: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, His Lieutenants, and Their War" (1987).
(WSJ, 1/12/08, p.W9)(http://tinyurl.com/2j2tkr)
1990 Dec 4, Iraq promised to release 3300 Soviet citizens it was holding.
(AP, 12/4/00)
1990 Dec 5, President Bush, on a visit to Argentina, said he was "not optimistic" that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein would withdraw from Kuwait without a fight.
(AP, 12/5/00)
1990 Dec 6, Shoeless Joe Jackson's signature was sold for $23,100.
(www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/J/Jackson_Joe.stm)
1990 Dec 6, In Bangladesh an opposition campaign led by Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina forced Pres. Hossain Mohammad Ershad to resign.
(Econ, 11/4/06, p.16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hossain_Mohammad_Ershad)
1990 Dec 6, Iraq announced that it would release all its hostages, saying foreigners could begin leaving in two days.
(AP, 12/6/00)
1990 Dec 7, As President Bush arrived in Venezuela on the last stop of his South American tour, his chief spokesman, Marlin Fitzwater, warned Iraq that there was "no lessening in the threat of war," despite Iraq’s promise to release its hostages.
(AP, 12/7/00)
1990 Dec 7, Reinaldo Arenas (b.1943), gay writer, took his own life in the US after suffering from AIDS. He left Cuba during the 1980 Mariel boatlift. His books included “Before Night Falls" (1993) and “The Color of Summer" the 4th of 5 called the “Pentagonia" a “secret history of Cuba." In 2000 the film version of Before Night Falls was directed by Julian Schnabel.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinaldo_Arenas)(SFEC, 7/30/00, BR p.4)(SSFC, 12/17/00, DB p.49)
1990 Dec 8, As former American hostages began leaving Iraq and occupied Kuwait, President Bush—wrapping up his South America tour in Caracas, Venezuela—said the evacuation made for "one less worry I’ve got" in deciding whether to go to war against Baghdad.
(AP, 12/8/00)
1990 Dec 9, The first American hostages to be released by Iraq began arriving in the United States.
(AP, 12/9/00)
1990 Dec 8, In Albania Tirana University students demonstrated in the streets and called for the dictatorship to end. Ramiz Alia met with the students 4 days later; a multiparty system was introduced; the Democratic Party, the first opposition party was established; the regime authorized political pluralism.
(www, Albania, 1998)(SFC, 12/18/00, p.E2)
1990 Dec 9, Lech Walesa, founder of Solidarity, was elected president of Poland in a runoff by a landslide.
(WSJ, 6/11/96, p.A12)(HN, 12/999)(AP, 12/9/00)
1990 Dec 10, A stand-in for Mikhail Gorbachev accepted the 1990 Nobel Peace Prize.
(AP, 12/10/00)
1990 Dec 10, The Food and Drug Administration approved Norplant, a long-acting contraceptive implant.
(AP, 12/10/00)
1990 Dec 10, The space shuttle "Columbia" returned from its tenth mission.
(AP, 12/10/00)
1990 Dec 10, Industrialist Armand Hammer died at age 92.
(AP, 12/10/00)
1990 Dec 11, Ivana Trump was divorced from real estate mogul Donald Trump after 12 years of marriage.
(AP, 12/11/00)
1990 Dec 11, Four people died near downtown Columbus, Ohio, after their hot air balloon hit a television tower and deflated.
(AP, 2/26/13)
1990 Dec 11, In Chattanooga, Ten., 12 died in a 99 vehicle accident on I-75 due to fog.
(www.southeastroads.com/i-075c_tn.html)
1990 Dec 11, Hundreds of foreigners flew out of Iraq and Iraqi-occupied Kuwait, ending four months of captivity following Iraq’s invasion of its oil-rich neighbor.
(AP, 12/11/00)
1990 Dec 12, President Bush announced that he and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev would hold a summit the following February in Moscow.
(AP, 12/11/00)
1990 Dec 12, Lauro Cavazos resigned as US secretary of education.
(AP, 12/11/00)
1990 Dec 13, A final evacuation flight from Iraq arrived in Germany, carrying the US ambassador to Kuwait and his staff, who had endured a 110-day Iraqi siege of their embassy.
(AP, 12/13/00)
1990 Dec 14, President Bush said he would nominate Lynn Martin to succeed Elizabeth H. Dole as labor secretary.
(AP, 12/14/00)
1990 Dec 14, President Bush prodded Iraqi President Saddam Hussein to agree to talks on the Persian Gulf crisis by January third.
(AP, 12/14/00)
1990 Dec 14, A Right to Die case permitted Nancy Cruzan of Missouri to have her feeding tube removed. She died 12 days later.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Cruzan)
1990 Dec 14, In Hong Kong 10 Vietnamese boat people set fire to themselves to protest screening policy that could prevent them from settling in the West.
(AP, 12/14/02)
1990 Dec 14, Friedrich Durrenmatt (b.1921), Swiss author and playwright, died. In 2006 the Univ. of Chicago published a translation of his selected writings in 3 volumes. "What was once thought can never be unthought."
(AP, 11/15/00)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_D%C3%BCrrenmatt)
1990 Dec 15, European Community leaders wrapped up a historic summit in Rome committed to creating a politically unified federation.
(AP, 12/15/00)
1990 Dec 15, With one month left before a UN deadline for Iraq to leave Kuwait, Iraq gave no indication it was prepared to pull out.
(AP, 12/15/00)
1990 Dec 16, Jean-Bertrand Aristide was elected president of Haiti in the country’s first democratic elections. He was overthrown in a military coup in 1991, but was later restored to power.
(AP, 12/16/00)
1990 Dec 17, President Bush pledged "no negotiation for one inch" of Kuwaiti territory would take place as he repeated his demand for Iraq’s complete withdrawal.
(AP, 12/17/00)
1990 Dec 17, President Bush nominated former Tennessee Governor Lamar Alexander to be secretary of education, succeeding Lauro Cavazos.
(AP, 12/17/00)
1990 Dec 17, In the SF Bay Area authorities discovered Jack Upton (30) dead in his apartment at 38780 Tyson Lane in Fremont. In 2019 police arrested Russell Anthony Guerrero of Tempe, Arizona, following a DNA match in the killing.
(SFC, 1/25/19, p.C1)
1990 Dec 18, Less than a month before a UN deadline for Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait, President Bush told reporters he believed Americans would support a military strike, if one proved necessary. In Baghdad, the ruling Revolutionary Command Council said Iraq was "ready for the decisive showdown."
(AP, 12/18/00)
1990 Dec 19, Iraq urged its people to stockpile oil to avoid shortages should war break out, and Saddam Hussein declared he was "ready to crush any attack."
(AP, 12/19/00)
1990 Dec 20, Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze shocked Soviet lawmakers by announcing his resignation, warning that "dictatorship is coming."
(AP, 12/20/00)
1990 Dec 21, British Prime Minister John Major met with President Bush at Camp David, Maryland; afterward, the two leaders expressed their unity on the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 12/21/00)
1990 Dec 21, In Iraq hundreds of thousands of Iraqis participated in an evacuation drill to test war readiness.
(AP, 12/21/00)
1990 Dec 22, Twenty-one sailors returning from shore leave to the aircraft carrier USS "Saratoga" drowned when the Israeli ferry they were traveling on capsized.
(AP, 12/22/00)
1990 Dec 22, Lech Walesa took the oath of office as Poland's first popularly elected president. Ryszard Kaczorowski (1919-2010), the last president of Poland’s government in exile in London, ended his 2-year term. He passed the presidential insignia to Lech Walesa, thus ending the 45-years long episode of the Polish government in exile.
(AP, 12/22/97)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryszard_Kaczorowski)
1990 Dec 23, Saddam Hussein said Israel would be Iraq's 1st target.
(www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/time90s.html)
1990 Dec 23, Slovenians voted overwhelmingly in favor of independence and their republic’s secession from Yugoslavia.
(AP, 12/23/00)(www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3407.htm)
1990 Dec 24, In Lebanon Omar Karami (1934-2014) began serving his first term as prime minister and continued to May 15, 1992.
(AP, 1/1/15)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omar_Karami)
1990 Dec 25, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev won sweeping new powers from the Congress of People’s Deputies.
(AP, 12/25/00)
1990 Dec 25, Romania’s former monarch, King Michael, arrived on his first visit to his homeland since Communist rulers forced him to abdicate four decades earlier. Michael and his companions were stopped by tanks, taken to the airport and forced to leave the country less than 12 hours later.
(AP, 12/25/00)(AP, 12/5/17)
1990 Dec 26, Garry Kasparov beat Anatoly Karpov to retain chess championship.
(http://tinyurl.com/hmp9d)
1990 Dec 26, The US government reported that its 1990 census had counted a total 249 million, 632,692 people. The US census for this year categorized the population as "White, Negro or Black, American Indian (tribe can be listed), Eskimo, Aleut, Asian or Pacific Islander, and other. Specific Asian nationalities could be checked off." The census counted over 1.6 million Chinese Americans with 40% of them in California.
(SFC,12/26/97, p.A21)(SFEC, 2/6/00, Rp.10)(AP, 12/26/00)
1990 Dec 26, Nancy Cruzan, the young woman in an irreversible vegetative state whose case led to a US Supreme Court decision on the right to die, died at a Missouri hospital.
(AP, 12/26/00)
1990 Dec 26, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev nominated Gennady I. Yanayev to be the Soviet Union’s first vice president. Yanayev helped lead an abortive coup against Gorbachev in August 1991.
(AP, 12/26/00)
1990 Dec 28, The US government reported that its Index of Leading Indicators plunged 1.2% the previous month, the 5th consecutive monthly drop.
(AP, 12/28/00)
1990 Dec 28, Two people died in a subway fire in New York City
(AP, 12/28/00)
1990 Dec 28, 33 people were injured in a trolley collision in Boston.
(AP, 12/28/00)
1990 Dec 29, Iraq denied a report that it was engaged in secret contacts with the US to avert war, and might withdraw from Kuwait before the January 15th United Nations deadline.
(AP, 12/29/00)
1990 Dec 30, Iraq’s information minister (Latif Nussayif Jassim) said President Bush "must have been drunk" when he suggested Iraq might withdraw from Kuwait, and added: "We will show the world America is a paper tiger."
(AP, 12/30/00)
1990 Dec 31, Sci-Fi Channel on cable TV began transmitting.
(www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi?askmonth=12&askday=31)
1990 Dec 31, George Allen, US football coach (LA Rams, Wash Redskins), died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Allen_(football))
1990 Dec, Some 540,000 American troops assembled to drive Iraqi forces from Kuwait.
(WP, 6/29/96, p.A22)
1990 Dec, Investor Kirk Kerkorian said he had bought a 9.8% stake in Chrysler Corp.
(WSJ, 5/15/07, p.A14)
1990 Dec, In Hayward, Ca., Lisa White was murdered and her daughter (10) was allegedly raped. In 1997 Michael Martinez (37) was convicted and sentenced to death. His death sentence was upheld in 2009.
(SFC, 8/14/09, p.D2)
1990 Dec, In Bulgaria the Socialist dominated Parliament formed a coalition government headed by nonparty lawyer Dimitar Popov. It included the opposition Union of Democratic Forces (UDF).
(SFC, 5/2/97, p.A14)
1990 Dec, China opened the A share capital market for Chinese citizens.
(Hem. 1/95, p. 49)
1990 Dec, In Serbia Milosevic won the presidency and his Socialist (formerly Communist) Party captured 194 of 250 parliamentary seats.
(SFC, 6/11/96, p.A14)
1990 Magdalena Abakanowicz (b.1930), Polish sculptor, made her work "Bronze Crowd."
(SFC, 10/26/96, p.B1)(www.abakanowicz.art.pl/)
1990 Jasper Johns painter "Green Angel," encaustic and sand on canvas.
(SFC, 10/29/96, p.F1)
1990 Roy Lichtenstein created his "Reflections on Senorita."
(WSJ, 8/27/98, p.A12)
1990 Robert Rauschenberg created his piece "A Doodle."
(WSJ, 9/25/97, p.A20)
1990 The painting "Au Moulin de la Galette" by Pierre August Renoir sold at auction for $78.1 mil.
(WSJ, 5/16/95, p. A-16)
1990 John Guare wrote his play "Six Degrees of Separation."
(SFEC, 5/30/99, DB p.37)
1990 The book "The Plains of Passion" by Jean Auel (b.1936) was the best-selling fiction work of the year.
(WSJ, 5/24/99, p.R4)(www.geocities.com/auelpage/auel.html)
1990 Buzz Bissinger authored “Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream," the story of a football team in the Texas oil town of Odessa. A film version was released in 2004.
(SSFC, 2/3/13, p.F3)
1990 Artyom Borovik authored “The Hidden War," an account of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.
(WSJ, 7/5/08, p.W8)
1990 Robert Bly published "Iron John," an examination of male cultural passage through myth.
(USAT, 6/28/96, p.6D)
1990 Bryan Burrough and John Helyar authored “Barbarians at the Gate: The Fall of RJR Nabisco," the story of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.’s $25 billion takeover of Nabisco in 1988.
(WSJ, 1/20/07, p.P10)
1990 Carolyn Cassady (1923-2013), wife of Neal Cassady, authored “Off the Road: My Years with Cassady, Kerouac and Ginsberg."
(SSFC, 9/22/13, p.A11)
1990 Ron Chernow wrote "The House of Morgan, " a biography of the banker.
(WSJ, 8/8/97, p.A11)
1990 The 428-page 1st edition of “Valuation: measuring and managing the value of companies" was authored by Tom Copeland, Tim Koller and Jack Murrin. In 2015 a 6th edition counted 825 pages.
(http://tinyurl.com/zurgcvt)(Econ, 4/2/15, p.64)
1990 Kenneth C. Davis published "Don't Know Much About History."
(SFEC, 1/10/99, BR p.9)
1990 Wayne Dynes edited "An Encyclopedia of Homosexuality."
(SFC, 2/27/98, p.A3)
1990 Bret Easton Ellis (26) authored his novel "American Psycho." It was about a wall street trader who moonlights as a serial killer. In 2000 the film version made its premier.
(SFC, 4/12/00, p.E1)
1990 Sir Vivian Fuchs published his autobiography "A Time to Speak." Fuchs had led an expedition across Antarctica in 1958.
(SFC, 11/13/99, p.A22)
1990 William Gibson and Bruce Sterling authored a novel called “The Difference Engine." It described an alternative Victorian era of mechanical computers driven by steam.
(Econ, 3/3/12, TQp.7)
1990 Maurice Graham (1917-2006) authored “Tales of the Iron Road: My Life As King of the Hobos."
(SFC, 11/22/06, p.B7)
1990 Col. David H. Hackworth (1931-2005), Vietnam war veteran, authored “About Face: The Odyssey of an American Warrior."
(SFC, 5/7/05, p.B5)
1990 Dorothy Ray Healey (1915-2006) and historian Maurice Isserman co-wrote “Dorothy Healey Remembers: A Life in the American Communist Party."
(SFC, 8/14/06, p.B8)
1990 Charles Johnson wrote his novel "Middle Passage," which won a National Book Award.
(SFEC, 4/19/98, BR p.1)
1990 Stanley Karnow (1925-2013), American journalist, authored “In Our Image," a companion to a PBS documentary on the Philippines, which won the Pulitzer Prize.
(SFC, 1/28/13, p.C4)
1990 Adam Kufeld published "El Salvador." He had made 8 trips to the country as a photographer between 1985-1989.
(SFEM,11/16/97, p.28)
1990 Charles Kuralt (1934-1997) wrote "A Life on the Road" and it became a No.1 nonfiction bestseller.
(SFC, 7/5/97, p.A5)
1990 Peter Matthiessen published his novel "Killing Mr. Watson." It became the first of a trilogy about a Florida homesteader, who murdered some 5 dozen people over his lifetime.
(SFEC,12/797, p.B11)
1990 James Michener wrote his novel "Pilgrimage" and "The Eagle and the Raven."
(SFC,10/17/97, p.A17)
1990 Richard Milner, anthropologist, authored "Encyclopedia of Evolution." Milner later developed the one-man musical show: "Darwin: Live & in Concert."
(WSJ, 5/8/02, p.AD9)
1990 Ray Monk wrote his biography of "Ludwig Wittgenstein."
(WSJ, 9/27/96, p.A16)
1990 Roger Morris wrote the biography: "Richard Milhaus Nixon."
(SFEC, 2/23/97, BR p.3)
1990 John O’Brien (d.1994) published his novel "Leaving Las Vegas." It was made into a 1995 film and was the semi-autobiographical account about an alcoholic who goes to Las Vegas to drink himself to death.
(SFC, 8/20/98, p.B4)
1990 Eric Orner debuted his comic strip “The Mostly Unfabulous Life of Ethan Green" in a gay community paper in Boston. In 2015 the strip was compiled in “The Completely Unfabulous Social Life of Ethan Green."
(SFC, 3/28/15, p.E1)
1990 Julia Phillips (d.2001 at 57), movie producer, authored ""You’ll Never Eat Lunch in This Town Again," an insider chronicle of Hollywood’s top echelons.
(SFC, 1/3/02, p.A16)
1990 Thomas Pynchon (b.1937) wrote his novel "Vineland."
(SFEC, 4/27/97, BR p.1)(www.pynchon.pomona.edu/bio/facts.html)
1990 Ronald Reagan published his memoir “An American Life."
(SSFC, 6/6/04, A18)
1990 Thomas Sowell (b.1930), African-American economist turned social theorist and political philosopher, authored “Preferential Policies: An International Perspective."
(SFC, 12/30/16, p.A12)
1990 Hallie Crawford Stillwell (d.1997 at 99), a Big Bend Texas pioneer, wrote her autobiography. A sequel was to be completed by her great niece.
(SFC, 8/21/97, p.C4)
1990 Astrophysicist Clifford Stoll authored “The Cuckoo's Egg," a true account of the tracking of a hacker who probed the US's most sensitive secrets, using keywords, such as "thermonuclear war." Stoll's pursuit of a hacker trying to access American computer networks led to the discovery of a West German spy ring.
(www.amazon.com/Cuckoos-Egg-Clifford-Stoll/dp/0671726889)
1990 George Will, political columnist, authored "Men at Work: The Craft of Baseball." He told of how the game was played through extended portraits of manager Tony La Russa, pitcher Orel Hershiser, hitter Tony Gwynn and fielder Cal Ripken Jr.
(WSJ, 5/21/03, p.D10)
1990 Edward O. Wilson (b.1929) published his Pulitzer Prize book: "The Ants," written with Bert Holldobler.
(WSJ, 3/30/98, p.A16)
1990 James P. Womack and Daniel T. Jones wrote "The Machine That Changed the World, a study of Toyota Motor Corp.’s manufacturing methods."
(WSJ, 11/1/96, p.A11)
1990 "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms," a 16th century fictional account of the wars of the three rival kingdoms in China, was published in paperback.
(NH, 7/96, p.58)
1990 David Hare wrote his play "Racing Demon." It was one of three panels about distressed English institutions, i.e. religion, courts and politics. The other two plays were "Murdering Judges" and "Absence of War."
(SFC, 10/23/96, p.E3)
1990 Seamus Heaney (b.1939), Nobel Prize winning poet (1995), wrote the play "The Cure at Troy" based on Sophocles’ play "Philoctetes."
(WSJ, 12/3/97, p.A20)(www.ibiblio.org/ipa/poems/heaney/biography.php)
1990 The magazine "Encounter," edited by Melvin Lasky, closed.
(WSJ, 4/6/01, p.W19)
1990 The Ritz Theater on Broadway was restored and renamed the Walter Kerr Theater.
(SFC, 10/10/96, p.C6)
1990 At the Academy Awards "Driving Miss Daisy" won for best picture and Jessica Tandy won as best actress for her role. Daniel Day-Lewis won for best actor in the film "My Left Foot."
(SFC, 12/22/99, p.C8)
1990 Gross film revenues for the year were $5,021 million with 1,188 million admissions and average ticket price of $4.23.
(WSJ, 4/24/95, p.R-5)
1990 The Comedy TV Network was formed with the merger of HBO’s Comedy Channel and MTV Network’s Ha! It was soon renamed Comedy Central.
(SFC, 4/10/01, p.E1)
1990 The TV show Newhart ended its run in May.
(SFEC, 4/19/98, DB p.38)
1990 The Children’s Television Act forced networks to broadcast 3 hours of educational TV per week.
(NW, 11/11/02, p.57)
1990 The tone poem "The Confession of Isobel Gowdie" was written by Scottish composer James MacMillan. In 1996 his first full length opera, Ines de Castro, premiered at the Edinburgh Int’l. Festival. It was based on a play by dramatist John Clifford, who in turn drew on the baroque play by Portuguese poet Antonio de Ferreira.
(WSJ, 8/28/96, p.A10)
1990 The English National Opera premiered the 1976 2-act opera "Clarissa" by Robin Holloway. It was based on a 1748 novel by Samuel Richardson.
(SFEC, 12/6/98, DB p.35)
1980 The grunge rock group Alice in Chains produced their debut album "Facelift." One track was titled "We Die Young." In 2002 Layne Staley (34), lead singer for Alice in Chains, was found dead in Seattle with obvious signs of drug use.
(SSFC, 4/21/02, p.A28)
1990 The rock group Metallica (f.1981) recorded their album "Metallica" and sold more than 16 million copies worldwide.
(SFC, 7/7/96, DB p.32)(www.metallica.com/timeline.asp)
1990 In Des Moines the 39-floor SunAmerica Center was completed. The architects were Johnson Fein and Pereira Assoc.
(WSJ, 1/3/97, p.B10)
1990 In Los Angeles the 44-story 801 Grand was completed. The architects were Helmuth, Obata & Kassabaum.
(WSJ, 1/3/97, p.B10)
1990 In Yorba Linda, Ca., the privately owned Nixon Library and Birthplace Center was opened. All of Nixon’s original documents, however, were held by the National Archives in Bethesda, Md. A 1997 proposal called for a payment of $26 million and transfer of documents from the National Archives to the Yorba Linda site.
(SFC, 4/5/97, p.A1,13)
1990 In Las Vegas the Excalibur Casino was completed.
(WSJ, 1/21/97, p.A18)
1990 Pope John Paul II put forth his encyclical "Redemptoris Missio," on Christian evangelization and world religions.
(WSJ, 10/16/98, p.W13)
1990 Episcopal Bishop Walter Righter of Iowa ordained Rev. Barry Stopfel, who publicly proclaimed his long-term gay relationship with a lover. The Bishop was later charged with heresy under a 1979 church resolution and then acquitted.
(SFC, 5/16/96, p.A-11)
1990 The Joshi computer virus began forcing users of infected machines to type "Happy Birthday Joshi" to recapture control of their machines.
(Sp., 5/96, p.70)
1990 The George Gustav Heye Center was conjoined with the Smithsonian.
(Wired, Dec., '95, p.117)
1990 Survivors International was founded in Albany, California. It was dedicated to providing medical and psychological treatment to survivors of torture.
(SFC, 7/7/96, Z1 p.5)
1990 Jack E. Counts Jr., an Oklahoma City entrepreneur, founded Glamour Shots Licensing. The business was based on the idea of photographing ordinary women in dazzling garb and makeup.
(WSJ, 5/13/96, p.B-1)
1990 In Arkansas Heidi and Scott Riddle established the nonprofit Riddle Elephant Breeding Farm and Wild Life Sanctuary on 330 acres near Guy.
(SFC,11/17/97, p.A3)
1990 The Atlanta-based International Time Capsule Society was established at Oglethorpe Univ. to promote the study of time capsules. It held a time capsule from 1940 called the "Crypt of Civilization" that was scheduled to be opened in 8113. www.oglethorpe.edu/itcs.
(SFEC, 1/2/00, p.D4)
1990 Bill McCartney, Univ. of Colorado football coach, founded Promise Keepers, an all-male, all-Christian organization to bring men to God, to make them better husbands and fathers, and to further racial reconciliation. The first meeting in Boulder gathered 72 men. Its first rally in 1991 attracted 4,200 participants and by 1996 had a $115 million annual budget. In 1997 the book "Who Are the Promise Keepers" by Ken Abraham was published.
(SFC, 9/26/96, p.A21)(SFC, 8/11/97, p.D5)(SFC, 10/3/97, p.B7)
1990 The new Comiskey Park ballfield opened in Chicago.
(SFEC, 3/16/97, p.B9)
1990 The Negro Leagues Baseball Museum opened in Kansas City.
(SFEC, 4/12/98, p.T4)
1990 Bob Pereyra founded RAIL, Roadracers Association for International Luge, and gave Street Luge a boost.
(WSJ, 9/30/97, p.A20)(www.hickoksports.com/history/streetluge.shtml)
1990 The Pritzker Int’l. Prize for Architecture was awarded to Aldo Rossi (d.1997) of Italy. He had designed the World Theater in Venice and the Museum of Maastricht in the Netherlands.
(SFC, 9/5/97, p.A24)
1990 The World Food Prize was endowed by Iowa businessman John Ruan in honor of Norman Borlaug, father of the "Green Revolution."
(SFC, 10/15/97, p.A15)
1990 The United Nations Association awarded Sally Lilienthal the Eleanor Roosevelt Humanitarian Award.
(SFEC, 9/29/96, Z1 p.3)
1990 The Nobel Prize for economics was awarded to Merton M. Miller (d.2000) of the Univ. of Chicago for his work in the theory of financial economics. William F. Sharpe of Stanford Univ. and Harry Markowitz were also winners. Harry Markowitz won the Nobel Prize for his 1952 theory behind portfolio diversification.
(WSJ, 10/11/95, p. A-1)(WSJ, 4/25/96, p.A-18)(WSJ, 10/21/96, p.A18)(SFC, 10/15/98, p.A2)(SFC, 6/5/00, p.A17)
1990 Octavio Paz of Mexico won the Nobel Prize in literature.
(SFC, 4/20/98, p.A17)
1990 Richard Taylor of Stanford won the Nobel Prize in Physics. He shared the prize with Prof. Henry W. Kendall (d.1999 at 72) for experimental work that led to proof of the existence of quarks.
(SFC, 10/10/96, p.A1)(SFC, 2/17/99, p.C3)
1990 The European Union created the Aristeion (Greek for "the best") Prizes for literature.
(SFC, 9/24/96, p.E3)
1990 Lawrence G. Lawler (d.1997 at 56) was awarded the President’s Award for Outstanding Service to the US. He was an FBI agent and helped create the National Crime Information Center, a computer system that linked law enforcement agencies.
(SFC, 3/26/97, p.C3)
1990 An int’l. agreement set limits on human harvesting of krill at 9 million tons a year. By 1997, the krill population were markedly depleted and new limits were considered.
(SFC, 6/26/97, p.A3)
1990 US Pres. Bush signed a law granting Filipino fighters of WW II US citizenship.
(SFEC,12/14/97, Z1 p.1,4)
1990 The US military budget was about $350 billion a year. That's about $1400 per every man, woman and child, or $5600 per 4 person family.
(NOHY, 3/1990, p.230)
1990 US CIA and military strategist were sent to Colombia to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the local military intelligence.
(SFC, 1/5/98, p.A14)
1990 The US House of Representatives voted to cut aid to El Salvador by 50%.
(WSJ, 1/10/05, p.A10)
1990 The US government returned the island of Kaho’olawe off Maui to the state of Hawaii. It had been used for some 50 years as a bombing range.
(SFEC, 4/6/97, p.T5)
1990 The Financial Action Task Force, a 26 nation organization to fight money laundering was established.
(WP, 6/29/96, p.F3)
1990 The Goals 2000 educational standards program was set up to ensure the production of US high school graduates capable of competing with the Japanese.
(SFEC,12/28/97, BR p.8)
1990 Pres. Bush imposed sanctions against Pakistan under the 1986 Pressler Amendment when he was unable to certify that Pakistan did not have a nuclear bomb. This stopped the sale of 28 F-16 airplanes to Pakistan for which $658 million was already paid to General Dynamics. Pakistan had ordered and paid for 71 F-16 fighter bombers. $157 million was returned. In 1998 New Zealand agreed to lease the planes for about $105 million and the money to be paid to Pakistan.
(SFC, 5/9/97, p.E2)(SFC, 5/29/98, p.A15)(SFC, 12/3/98, p.A18)
1990 A US law was passed that would require sanctions on certain countries engaged in missile trade.
(WSJ, 6/12/96, p.A4)
1990 The US Congress passed a law that required airlines to reduce the number of noisy airplanes. The noisiest Stage 2 planes were to be eliminated entirely by 2000. Stage 2 planes were replaced by quieter Stage 3 models.
(SFEC, 12/20/98, p.A36)
1990 The US government enacted the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act.
(SFC, 9/3/98, p.A10)(Arch, 11/04, p.4)
1990 The US passed a luxury tax that hurt many companies and whole industries (e.g. yacht-building).
(WSJ, 4/8/96, p.A-16)
1990 The US Congress mandated that oil companies put air-cleaning chemicals into gasoline to reduce carbon monoxide and smog in the largest urban centers.
(SFC, 9/15/97, p.A1)
1990 The US Congress passed the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act of 1990 (CWPPRA).
(NH, 2/05, p.46)
1990 The US Justice Department sued the Virginia Military Institute to allow young women entry into the 1300-man institute. In 1996 the Supreme court upheld the suit.
(WSJ, 6/27/96, p.B7)
1990 Smoking was banned on US domestic flights 6 hours or less.
(WSJ, 1/27/04, p.D12)
1990 In Arizona Debra Jean Milke was found guilty in the 1989 death of her son (4). The case rested on her purported confession, which was not recorded, to hire two men to kill her son. Milke spent 22 years on death row before her case was dismissed in 2014.
(SFC, 12/12/14, p.D5)
1990 Prof. Theodore Sarbin (1911-2005) of UC Berkeley co-wrote the report “Gays in Uniform: The Pentagon’s Secret Reports." The report prompted Pres. Clinton’s policy of “don’t ask, don’t tell."
(SFC, 9/3/05, p.B4)
1990 Michael Milken, chief of the Los Angeles brokerage house Drexel Burnham Lambert, Inc., was convicted on six felony counts connected to stock market fraud. At the time he was making $500 million per year and in the 80's helped finance a $4 billion casino boom in Las Vegas. A chronicle of insider trading on Wall Street is in James B. Steward's "Den of Thieves." Milken served 2 years in prison. He agreed to pay $600 million in fines and restitution.
(RNR, 7/19/95, p.9-10)(WSJ, 9/5/96, p.C1)(WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R42)
1990 Kezar Stadium in San Francisco’s Goldengate Park was reconstructed as a multisport facility.
(SFC, 7/29/97, p.A8)
1990 Josie’s Cabaret and Juice Joint, a gay comedy club, opened in the Castro district of San Francisco. It was scheduled to close Jan 2, 1999.
(SFEC, 11/29/98, DB p.35)
1990 The 221-room Tuscan Inn at San Francisco’s Fisherman’s Wharf was constructed.
(SFC, 7/18/98, p.B1)
1990 Susan Claymon (d.2000 at age 61) co-founded Breast Cancer Action in SF and helped organize the first advocacy meetings in 1991.
(SFC, 1/21/00, p.D7)
1990 Richard and Rhoda Goldman, SF philanthropists, founded the Goldman Prize to provide cash awards for grass-roots environmentalist activity in 7 major geographic regions.
(SFC, 4/14/97, p.A1)(www.goldmanprize.org/)(SFC, 4/22/02, p.A3)
1990 Doug Tompkins founded the Foundation for Deep Ecology in SF after his wife eased him out of the fashion firm, Esprit Corp.
(SFC, 7/15/02, p.E1)
1990 The National Lesbian & Gay Journalists Association (NLGJA) was founded by Leroy Aarons (d.2004) and 6 other journalists in San Francisco.
(SFC, 9/4/10, p.E2)
1990 San Francisco Mayor Art Agnos called for the embarcadero Freeway to be removed.
(SSFC, 10/17/04, p.A22)
1990 San Francisco’s South of Market was rezoned in the hopes that private development would infill the empty, deserted factories.
(SFC, 8/18/96, p.E6)
1990 San Francisco police halted the Burning Man torching ceremony on Baker Beach. Larry Harvey the founder of the event then hooked up with the SF Cacophony Society, a gang of fun-loving provocateurs, and moved the fiery scene to Black Rock Desert, Nv.
(SFC, 7/19/96, p.D1,12)
1990 The SF medical examiner’s office was investigated by a Grand Jury on reports of illegal gifts.
(SFC, 8/17/96, p.A24)
1990 In San Francisco the Mount Zion Medical Center merged with UCSF.
(SFC, 6/17/99, p.A10)
1990 A.W. Clausen, head of the SF-based Bank of America, retired and was succeeded by Richard Rosenberg. He proceeded to acquire banks in Oregon and Arizona.
(SFC, 4/14/98, p.B4)
1990 The Ritz-Carlton opened on Stockton St., SF., in the former western headquarters of Metropolitan Life Insurance.
(SFC, 9/10/98, p.B4)
1990 The Southern Pacific Railroad spun off its oil and gas exploration business to form Santa Fe Energy Resources in Houston. Its 1995 revenues were $442 mil. Land holdings were spun off to form Catellus, the San Francisco real estate development company which owns about 855,000 acres, mostly in Ca., including the 313-acre Mission Bay in SF.
(SFC, 7/8/96, p.D1)
1990 Danielle Steele, SF-based fiction writer, paid between $5-6 million for the 15,000-sq.-foot Spreckels estate.
(SFC, 11/20/98, p.A21)
1990 Danny Phat Vong, a leader of the SF Chinatown youth gang Wah Ching, was slain. A month later a retaliatory attack outside the Purple Onion in North Beach wounded 6 and killed a member of the Wo Hop To triad, a Hong Kong based crime syndicate. The clash occurred as Peter Chong, the Wo Hop To’s leader in California, tried to build a unified syndicate out of disparate Northern California gang organizations.
(SFC, 1/7/97, p.A10)(SFC, 4/27/98, p.A20)
1990 Idaho Gov. Cecil Andrus was elected to a 4th term with 68% of the vote.
(SSFC, 3/27/17, p.C3)
1990 Joseph Nye of Harvard Univ. coined the term “soft power" to define the ability of a country to hold international sway by getting others to want what it wants without the use of military power.
(Econ, 9/5/15, p.59)
1990 The Mississippi Legislature passed the Mississippi Gaming Control Act allowing casinos in counties along the Mississippi River and the Gulf Coast.
(SFC, 9/6/05, p.A8)
1990 New Jersey enacted a gun control law that listed 37 models by name and covered others that were substantially identical. The US Supreme Court in 2001 refused to hear a challenge.
(SFC, 11/27/01, p.A3)
1990 In Washington DC the Rev. George A. Stallings Jr. and his breakaway African-American Catholic Congregation, which encouraged the ordination of women and the use of birth control and abortion, were excommunicated for breaking ties with the Vatican.
(AP, 5/5/06)
1990 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, pioneered a school voucher program.
(Econ, 2/14/15, p.23)
1990 In the US the ratio of executive pay to that of the average worker rose to 107 to 1.
(Econ, 11/26/05, p.75)
1990 Some 610 hedge funds in the US controlled about $39 billion in assets. By 2000 the number of hedge funds increased to 3,873 with $490 billion in assets. Estimates in 2006 counted over 9,000 funds with $1.3 trillion in assets.
(Econ, 11/18/06, p.75)
1990 Leon Black founded Apollo Management LP, a private equity firm. In 2007 it was valued at around $15 billion.
(WSJ, 4/7/07, p.B1)
1990 Harold "RED" Poling became Ford’s chairman and CEO.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)
1990 Ford launched the Explorer, which soon became the best-selling SUV in America. Sales peaked in 2000 at 445,000 units.
(WSJ, 12/22/08, p.B2)
1990 Joan Kroc (d.2003 at 75), widow of Ray Kroc (founder of McDonald's Corp.), sold the San Diego Padres to a group led by LA TV producer Tom Werner.
(SFC, 10/13/03, p.A19)
1990 McDonald’s switched to vegetable oil and added beef flavoring to improve the cholesterol-producing profile of its french fries.
(SFC, 9/4/02, p.A14)
1990 McDonnell Douglas Corp. introduced the MD-11 jumbo jet.
(WSJ, 9/19/00, p.A1)
1990 The Uniroyal Goodrich Tire Co. was acquired by Groupe Michelin of France.
(WSJ, 5/28/96, R45)
1990 MGM Studios was sold to Giancarlo Parretti, Italian financier, for $1.3 billion with financing by the French Credit Lyonnais bank. In 1996 he lost control on claims of mismanagement and loan default and was convicted on charges of perjury and evidence tampering.
(SFC, 1/4/97, p.A3)
1990 Proctor & Gamble bought the Hawaiian Punch beverage business from Del Monte for $150 million.
(SFC, 3/1/97, p.B1)
1990 Time Warner bought Sunset Magazine from Lane Publishing, co-owned by publisher and conservationist Melvin B. Lane (1922-2007). His father had bought Sunset, a tourist-oriented travel magazine, in 1928.
(SFC, 8/2/07, p.B5)
1990 Fore Systems Inc. of Warrendale, Pa. introduced the first ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) hardware for computer networks. It allowed data to be transferred at 2.5 billion bits per second. It was already being adopted by the phone companies and cable-TV operators. It was founded by 4 teachers and researchers and went public in 1994.
(WSJ,11/14/94, p.R27)(WSJ, 5/14/97, p.A1)
1990 The World Wide Web server prototype was built. The Archie file transfer protocol was developed. A semi-crawler search engine was built.
(SFC, 2/2/08, p.C1)
1990 Col Needham of Bristol, England, founded IMDb, an Internet Movie Database, and sold it to Amazon.com in 1998.
(SFC, 2/8/02, p.D18)
1990 Joseph Volpe took over as head of the NYC Metropolitan Opera. He had come to the Met in 1963 as a carpenter and high school graduate. In 2006 he authored “The Toughest Show On Earth: My Rise and Reign At the Metropolitan Opera."
(WSJ, 5/5/06, p.W8)
1990 Wells Fargo completed 4 acquisitions: Valley National Bank of Glendale, Central Pacific Corp. of Bakersfield, Torrey Pines Group of Solana Beach, and Citizens Holding in Orange County. An agreement was also reached to purchase 130 branches of Great American Bank.
(SFC, 6/9/98, p.A10)
1990 Toy company FAO Schwartz sold out to Dutch Company Koninklijke Bijenkorf Beheer.
(WSJ, 11/21/03, p.B1)
1990 The NTT (New Technology Telescope) in Chile, the pride of the European astronomical community was inaugurated. Its mirrors span 3.5 meters and is the first telescope built with active or computer assisted optics.
(NG, p.25-26,an, 94)
1990 Thomas Campana Jr., Chicago-area engineer, created a system to send e-mails between computers and wireless devices. He founded a company called NTP that filed suit in 2001 against Research In Motion (RIM), maker of the BlackBerry wireless device.
(SFC, 12/1/05, p.C8)
1990 Prof. David Patterson began writing about IRAM, intelligent random access memory, the possibility of including memory into the design of microprocessors. He originated the concept of RISC, reduced instruction set computing.
(WSJ, 8/28/98, p.B1)
1990 MIT robotics researchers founded iRobot. In 2002 the company came up with Packbot, a robot to help soldiers deal with IEDs, and Roomba, a consumer robot for cleaning floors. iRobot went public in 2005.
(Econ, 3/29/14, SR p.10)
1990 A digital method for transmitting TV pictures was invented.
(WSJ, 4/10/00, p.B2)
1990 At the Mayo Clinic a lung transplant program was begun.
(SFC, 7/5/96, PM, p.5)
1990 The KE family were brought to the attention of the scientific community about this time. Over three generations of this family, about half the family members suffer from a number of problems, the most obvious of which is severe difficulty in speaking. A mutation of the FOXP2 brain gene was later related to language loss.
(http://www.evolutionpages.com/FOXP2_language.htm)(Econ, 12/31/11, p.67)
1990 GHB, gamma hydroxy butyrate, began to be reported as a cause of illnesses. The paint thinner gamma butyl lactone was being mixed with water and alcohol that when ingested metabolized to GHB, later called "liquid ecstasy" or "blue nitro."
(SFC, 1/14/99, p.A16)
1990 The Human Genome Project began and planned to sequence all human DNA by 2005. The database did not just store sequences, but linked them with citations to enable new discoveries. James Watson served as its 1st head. His opposition to gene patents helped force him from the position in 1992.
(Wired, 8/96, p.198)(SFEM, 7/30/00, p.10)
1990 The amoeba Balamuthia mandrillaris was first discovered in a mandrill baboon. In 2001 it was reported to have destroyed the brain of a 3-year-old girl in the SF Bay area.
(SFC, 4/20/01, p.A1)(SFC, 4/21/01, p.A1)
1990 The SARII group of bacteria was first identified. This group constituted about a third of the single-celled organisms in the ocean.
(Econ, 2/16/13, p.79)
1990 The Cosmic Background Explorer satellite (COBE) proved that cosmic radiation formed a perfect "blackbody" spectrum, which was expected if the universe was once jammed into a very dense state.
(WSJ, 6/28/01, p.A1)
1990 A school voucher program was begun in Milwaukee. Low income families of several thousand students used state-funded vouchers to send their children to private schools. Results were being disputed in 1996.
(WSJ, 8/16/96, p.A6)(WSJ, 10/11/96, p.A1)
1990 Wendy Kopp founded Teach for America, a non-profit organization that invited graduates from top universities to spend the 1st 2 years of their careers teaching children from low-income families.
(www.fastcompany.com/social/2007/profiles/profile38.html)(Econ, 8/1/09, p.49)
1990 The US population was about 250 million people.
(NOHY, 3/1990, p.222)
1990 A study by the US National Academy of Sciences indicated that shrimp fishing was responsible for the death of some 50,000 sea turtles in US waters each year.
(SFC, 7/10/96, p.A2)
1990 The US Oil Pollution Act (OPA) was passed. It required new tankers sailing through US waters to have double hulls and that old tankers be fitted with double hulls by 2015. It capped liability for economic damages at $75 million.
(SFC, 5/27/96, p.A11,15)(Econ, 5/22/10, p.68)
1990 A study by the US EPA found that leaf-blowers were responsible for about 5% of the nation’s harmful airborne pollutants.
(SFC, 8/5/05, p.B1)
1990 A US law allowed a dolphin-safe label for cans of tuna not netted with dolphins. A 1997 amendment allowed the label for tuna harvested with encircling nets if observers witnessed no dolphins harmed.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.C14)
1990 About 50 million tons of artificial nitrogen fertilizers were being used on a global scale.
(NOHY, Weiner, 3/90, p.51)
1990 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued its 1st report on global warming. Its 3rd report in 2001 noted that global temperatures could rise 2.5 to 10.4 degrees during the 21st century.
(NH, 4/1/04, p.61)
1990 John C. Sawhill (d.2000 at 63) took over as head of the Nature Conservancy. By 200 he raised the membership from 519,000 to 1.1 million.
(SFC, 5/24/00, p.A28)
1990 Specific details on the stockpile at the Oregon Umatilla Munitions depot was classified until the early 1990s.
(SFEC, 4/27/97, p.A18)
1990 A World Bank estimate reckoned that 46% of the developing world’s population fell below the accepted poverty line of $1.25 a day at purchasing-power parity. By 2005 the rate had fallen to 27%.
(Econ, 9/25/10, p.34)
1990 The shrinking Aral Sea between Kazakstan and Uzbekistan split in two with a patch of desert in between.
(SFC, 11/30/98, p.A11)
1990 A 50-foot female T. rex, 65 million years old, was discovered on a Cheyenne River Reservation in South Dakota by Sue Hendrickson. The government seized the skeleton in 1992 and in 1997 it was put up for auction by Sotheby’s on behalf of Maurice Williams, a Sioux Indian and owner of the ranch where it was found. The proceeds will be held in trust by the government. Backers of the Chicago Field Museum of Natural History paid $8.36 million.
(SFEC, 9/28/97, p.A13)(SFC,12/897, p.A3)
1990 The Pistol Star, located between the Earth and center of the Milky Way, was first seen with infrared equipment in 1990. It was measured to be 25,000 light-years away with a radius of 93-140 million miles. It was estimated to have formed 1-3 million years ago and shed much of its mass in violent eruptions estimated to have occurred about 6,000 years ago.
(USAT, 10/8/97, p.3A)
1990 The Zodiac serial killer began to strike in New York City.
(SFC, 6/20/96, p.C12)
1990 In Virginia Thomas H. Beavers raped and suffocated a 61-year-old widow. He was executed in Greensville in 1997 by lethal injection.
(SFC,12/15/97, p.B1)
1990 American innkeeper Michael Devine was murdered in Guatemala. Allegations have been made that Guatemalan colonel, Julio Roberto Alpirez on CIA payroll, was involved. A review in 1996 showed that Alpirez was on the CIA payroll from 1988-1992 and that he was involved in the cover-up of the murder of Devine and had participated in the interrogation and likely torture of Efraim Bamaca, a captured Guatemalan guerrilla married to an American lawyer.
(SFC, 5/4/96, p.A-6)(SFC, 5/7/96, p.A-10)
1990 In Gainesville, Fla., Danny Rolling murdered 5 college students. He became known as the Gainesville slasher and later collaborated with Sondra London, who wrote his confessions, and sold his art and autographs. The money earned was seized in 1997 when a Florida judge issued a ruling based on a state law that barred convicted felons from profiting from their stories, artwork and autographs.
(SFC, 1/2/98, p.A11)
1990 Joan Brown, painter, died. She taught at UC Berkeley from 1974-1990.
(SFEC, 9/20/98, DB p.31)
1990 Former showgirl Paulette Goddard, born Marion Levy in 1911, died. She left $20 million to NYU, a fortune from 4 previous marriages to Edgar James, lumber company owner, Charlie Chaplin, author, Burgess Meredith, actor, and Erich Marie Remarque, author.
(SFEM, 12/15/96, Par p.4)
1990 Armand Hammer (b.1898), American businessman, died. The 1996 book: "Dossier: The Secret History of Armand Hammer" by Edward Jay Epstein revealed that Armand was a Soviet agent for much of his life.
(WSJ, 10/3/96, p.A12)
1990 Keith Haring (b.1958), artist, died. He began as a graffiti scrawler.
(WSJ, 5/26/00, p.W14)
1990 Jay Lovestone, former US Communist who turned anti-Communist, died at age 90. In 1999 Ted Morgan published the Lovestone biography: "A Covert Life."
(WSJ, 5/19/99, p.A20)
1990 Lewis Mumford (1895-1990), writer, died. He wrote over 30 books and a column for the New Yorker that ran 63 years. He wrote in an angry allusive style and played the role of prophet. His work included "The Culture of Cities."
(Wired, 8/96, p.168)(WSJ, 12/9/98, p.A20)
1990 Michael Oakeshott (b.1901), London School of Economics prof. of political science, died. In 2004 Paul Franco authored “Michael Oakeshott: An Introduction." Oakeshott’s books included “On Human Conduct" (1975).
(Econ, 12/4/04, p.84)
1990 In Algeria General Mohamed “Toufik" Mediene began heading the DRS, the country’s intelligence directorate.
(Econ, 9/21/13, p.51)
1990 The Europe and North Africa group formed. It gathered leaders from North Africa — Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Mauritania and Libya — with leaders from France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and Malta.
(AP, 12/6/03)
1990 The Australian firm Thomas Hardy & Sons, a family firm that had made wine for 160 years, entered the market in Europe with an investment in Domaine de la Baume in Languedoc, France.
(WSJ, 5/30/03, p.A3)
1990 Bangladesh Chief Justice Shahabuddin Ahmed took over a caretaker government for three months to oversee elections after the ouster of military ruler Hossain Mohammad Ershad.
(AP, 3/6/13)
1990 Bangladesh authorities were warned that arsenic was seeping from the subsoil into the water supply through the cheap surface wells. The adjoining Indian Province of West Bengal first noticed the problem. The wells were dug by UNICEF in an effort to provide clean water.
(SFC, 7/30/97, p.A8)(WSJ, 6/24/05, p.W9)
1990 In Belize legislation was drafted to privatize the ship-registry industry and the registration of off-shore companies. The draft was made by lawyers of Mr. Ashcroft’s BHI Corp., the largest company in Belize.
(WSJ, 9/19/96, p.A14)
1990 In Bosnia the Serb Democratic Party was founded by Radovan Karadzic.
(SFC, 12/25/98, p.B8)
1990 In Brazil US pop star Michael Jackson landed by helicopter at the top of one of Rio de Janeiro’s most notorious favelas and sang “They Don’t Care About Us."
(Economist, 10/13/12, SR p.18)
1990 In Brazil Maria das Gracas Marcal, a 2nd generation scavenger, helped found the Street Scavengers Association. It grew to become a model organization of uniformed scavengers that collected 15% of the total waste of downtown Belo Horizonte.
(SFC,11/17/97, p.A14)
1990 In Brazil Wagner Conhedo, a trucking operator, obtained a $7 mil loan from Paulo Cesar Farias, campaign finance chief of then Pres. Collor, to purchase the Vasp SA airline. Orestes Quercia, governor of the state that privatized Vasp, made agreements with Conhedo to ease a towering debt burden that later cost the state millions of dollars when Conhedo fell behind in payments.
(WSJ, 7/1/96, p.A6)
1990 In Brazil Chico Mendes, environmental activist and a leader of Amazon rubber tappers in the state of Acre, was murdered. Darli Alves da Silva and his son, Darci, were convicted in the murder case.
(SFC, 7/2/96, p.A12)
1990 Hugh Loebner agreed with The Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies to underwrite a contest designed to implement the Turing Test. Dr. Loebner pledged a Grand Prize of $100,000 and a Gold Medal for the first computer whose responses were indistinguishable from a human's. Robert Epstein co-founded the prize with Hugh Loebner. The first competition was held in November, 1991.
(http://www.loebner.net/Prizef/loebner-prize.html)(Econ, 5/7/11, p.92)
1990 ARM Holdings PLC, a multinational semiconductor and software company, was founded. It is headquartered in Cambridge, United Kingdom. The acronym ARM, first used in 1983, originally stood for "Acorn RISC Machine." However, when the company was incorporated in 1990, the acronym was changed to stand for "Advanced RISC Machines" in the company name "Advanced RISC Machines Holdings." Then, at the time of the IPO in 1998, the company name was changed to "ARM Holdings"
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_Holdings)
1990 A British prisoner riot in Strangeways in Manchester lasted 25 days and left one prisoner dead. In the wake of the riot a British Conservative white paper concluded: “We know that prison ‘is an expensive way of making bad people worse’." That report also argued that there should be a range of community-based sentences, which would be cheaper and more effective alternatives to prison.
(AP, 12/17/16)(http://tinyurl.com/ybgteel6)
1990 Bulgaria’s Parliament chose philosopher Zhelyu Zhelev as president. He won the first democratic election in 1992 remaining in office until 1997.
(AFP, 2/1/15)
1990 In Cameroon multi-party politics was allowed for the first time.
(Econ, 3/1/08, p.50)
1990 The Canadian Parliament began tracking attendance.
(SFC, 3/25/98, p.C14)
1990 The first exchange traded fund (ETF), an open ended mutual fund, was created by the Toronto Stock Exchange.
(Econ, 4/21/07, p.83)(http://tinyurl.com/38dajn)
1990 Canada-based Bombardier took over American-based Learjet.
(Econ, 1/4/14, p.23)
1990 Chile’s Gen’l. Pinochet ended the legal practice of allowing abortions to protect the health of the mother. Such abortions had been legal since 1931.
(Econ, 8/12/17, p.27)
1990 In China Zhao Weishan (b.1951) founded the Eastern Lightning religious cult in Henan. He later fled to the United States from where he continued to lead the church.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Lightning)
1990 China promulgated the Basic Law, a mini-constitution for post-1997 Hong Kong.
(SFC, 7/1/97, p.A8)
1990 Shanghai, China, became an autonomous municipality. Shanghai Center, a joint venture city within a city, opened.
(Hem., 2/97, p.72)(SFCM, 3/20/05, p.28)
1990 In China the local bingtuan militia put down an uprising by Uighurs near Kashgar, Xinjiang province, leaving 50 Uighurs dead.
(Econ, 5/25/13, p.45)
1990 China launched stock markets.
(Econ, 1/9/16, p.36)
1990 The Chinese census counted 1,133,680,000 people.
(SFC, 10/14/00, p.A12)
1990 China consumed 2.4 million barrels of oil per day leaving 400,000 barrels per day of domestic production for export. By 2008 consumption rose to over 7 million barrels per day with about half of that coming from imports.
(Econ, 3/15/08, SR p.8)
1990 The super bull Rombi was lent by a German cattle institute to Bosnia and got stuck there throughout the war, but survived.
(WSJ, 3/20/96, p.A-1)
1990 In Chile Gen’l. Pinochet sent troops into the streets of Santiago as a warning to drop an official investigation into his son’s business dealings.
(SFC, 12/9/96, p.A18)
1990 Colombia’s Presidential Program for Reinsertion was founded by the government to help an estimated 7,500 former rebels integrate into society with a variety of assistance programs.
(SFC, 11/18/99, p.A17)
1990 In Colombia an army offensive routed the FARC from its rear-guard retreat in Uribe, but the rebels regrouped and grew to 15,000 fighters.
(SFC, 1/8/99, p.A13)
1990 In Colombia Jacobo Arenas, FARC political idealogue, died of a heart attack. He was replaced by Alfonso Cano.
(Econ, 2/28/04, p.37)
1990 In Czechoslovakia Radomil Hill, distiller, began brewing absinthe and selling it to bars in Prague and elsewhere.
(WSJ, 12/24/96, p.A1)
1990 In Eritrea Massawa was liberated from Ethiopian forces.
(SFC, 6/11/97, p.C2)
1990 The Venice Commission was created by 18 member states to advise the Council of Europe on constitutional matters after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Its official name is the European Commission for Democracy through Law. By 2012 it included 47 members.
(www.venice.coe.int/site/main/Presentation_E.asp)
1990 The files of Stasi, the East German state security police, were opened to the public. The East German state security police had attempted to destroy all records but shredding machines overheated and much evidence was torn up by hand. A publicly funded project was begun to reconstruct the shredded evidence.
(WSJ, 12/27/96, p.A6)(WSJ, 2/4/97, p.A14)
1990 Maria Casares (1922-1996) won the French National Grand prix of Theater.
(SFC, 11/25/96, p.B2)
1990 Bui Tin, a former Vietnamese army journalist, defected to France during a trip for a meeting organized by l'Humanite communist newspaper in Paris.
(AP, 8/12/18)
1990 In Greece conservatives returned to power and elected Constantine Karamanlis to the 5-year post of president.
(SFC, 4/23/98, p.B4)
1990 In Haiti the first democratic elections were held and won by Jean-Bertrand Aristide, a left-leaning former Catholic priest.
(SFC, 3/9/99, p.A12)
1990 In Honduras some 2,000 members of 7 leftist clandestine organizations accepted and amnesty.
(SFEC, 3/7/99, p.A22)
1990 In India Prime Minister V.P. Singh announced that the government would set aside 27% of public sector jobs for the backward castes. This caused riots by the upper castes and the toppling of his government.
(WSJ, 5/10/96, p.A-4)
1990 India enacted its Armed Forces Special Powers Act which made civilian courts powerless to initiate criminal prosecutions against security forces in disturbed areas without federal permission.
(SSFC, 12/2/07, p.A24)
1990 The Bargi Dam along India’s Narmada River was completed. Many uprooted families moved to the slums of Jabalpur.
(SFC, 1/17/02, p.A9)
1990 In Iran the Fertility Regulation Council was established.
(SFC, 5/15/98, p.D2)
1990 In Iraq Gen’l. Omar al-Hazza was executed after becoming increasingly critical of Saddam Hussein.
(SFC, 1/31/97, p.A13)
1990 It was reported in 1998 that evidence was found that Iraq put VX nerve gas into missile warheads prior to the Gulf War.
(SFC, 6/23/98, p.A10)
1990 Iraq produced large amounts of biological agents for weapons. In late 1990 Iraqi scientists tested ricin as a biological weapon in an artillery shell.
(SFEC, 3/7/99, p.A18)(WSJ, 7/18/03, p.A1)
1990 In Israel Victor Ostrovsky, a former agent of Mossad, published a book about the security agency.
(SFC, 2/25/98, p.A8)
1990 Israelis began investing in Romania and by 2006 had put in as much as $2 billion, much of it routed through 3rd countries in order to take advantage of tax deals.
(WSJ, 10/4/06, p.A1)
1990 In Naples some $60 million vanished in incomplete construction sites for the soccer World Cup Tournament.
(SFC, 2/13/98, p.A12)
1990 In Italy the Leaning Tower of Pisa was closed off to tourists for fear of its falling over. The tilt was reduced by 16 inches over the next 11 years and re-opening was scheduled in 2001.
(WSJ, 2/16/99, p.A1)(SFC, 4/7/01, p.A11)
1990 In Italy the Northern League began annual rallies as a cry for independence.
(Reuters, 7/3/18)
1990 Ivory Coast held its first multi-party poll.
(Econ, 8/20/16, p.38)
1990 A 173-page memoir by Japanese Emperor Hirohito (1901-1989), created at the request of Gen. Douglas MacArthur and dictated to the emperor’s aides soon after the end of the war, was published in Japan. It covers events from the Japanese assassination of Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin in 1928 to the emperor's surrender broadcast recorded on Aug. 14, 1945. On Dec. 6, 2017, the transcript of the memoir was sold at auction in NYC for $275,000.
(AP, 12/5/17)(SFC, 12/8/17, p.A2)
1990 Shintaro Ishihara (b.1932), a member of Japan’s House of Representatives, authored “The Japan That Can Say No," in which he outlines what Japan must do in order to be the mainspring of the new world order.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shintaro_Ishihara)
1990 The film "Dreams" was directed by Akira Kurosawa.
(SFC, 9/7/98, p.A21)
1990 Japan raised its interest rates and ordered banks to curtail property lending. This resulted in a major crash in land values. Speculation in domestic real estate, stocks, overpriced overseas investments, and foreign pressure to force the value of the yen upward causes a collapse of the "bubble economy."
(WSJ, 11/30/95, p.A-1)(Jap. Enc., BLDM, p. 217)
1990 Chiyo Uno (1897-1996) was awarded a title by the emperor and named a "person of cultural merit." Her best known book was "Ohan" (1957).
(SFC, 6/11/96, p.A21)(http://asian-literature.suite101.com/article.cfm/uno_chiyo)
1990 The Sakura Bank was created from the merger of Mitsui Bank and Taiyo Kobe Bank.
(WSJ, 10/15/99, p.A10)
1990 Fusako Sano (9) disappeared while walking home in Sanjo in Niigita Prefecture. In 2000 she was found held hostage at the home of Nobuyuki Sato (37), 35 miles away from where she was kidnapped.
(SFC, 4/11/00, p.A12)
1990 In Lebanon Al-Manar was founded to give voice to Hezbollah the Shiites. In 1997 Al-Manar Television received a broadcasting license from the Lebanese government. In 2004 the US designated it as a terrorist entity.
(WSJ, 7/28/06, p.A1)
1990 In Lesotho King Moshoeshoe II was forced into exile after a series of 3 military coups ousted him from the throne. His son Letsie assumed the throne.
(LVRJ, 11/1/97, p.14A)
1990 In Madagascar the Malagasy government agreed to an environmental action plan that called for the creation of national parks and protected areas.
(SFC, 6/23/96, Z1 p.5)
1990 Melchizedek was founded as a Pacific island nation by Tzemech Ben David Netzer Koren of Belmont, Ca.
(SFC, 12/18/98, p.D2)
1990 Mexico created a National Human Rights Commission.
(Econ, 2/16/08, p.44)
1990 Mexican physician Humberto Alvarez Machain was abducted by operatives of the US government. He had been indicted in LA for involvement in the 1985 kidnapping and murder of US drug agent Enrique Camarena. Machain was later acquitted. In 2001 a US federal appeals court ruled that the abduction violated an int’l. human rights law.
(SFC, 9/13/01, p.C2)
1990 In Mexico Telefonos de Mexico (Telmex) was privatized.
(WSJ, 8/7/96, p.A10)
1990 Compartamos was established in Mexico as a non-profit group to make small, uncollateralized business loans to the poor (microcredit).
(Econ, 3/17/07, p.84)
1990 Manuel Moreno Rivas (b.1909), founder of Sinaloa’s El Debate newspaper, sold it.
(www.mexidata.info/id312.html)
1990 Mexican businessman Carlos Hank Rhon won a concession for an independent cellular license in western Mexico. He paid $10 million for the right with BellSouth of Atlanta as a partner.
(WSJ, 11/1/96, p.A6)
1990 In Mexico the Laguna Verde nuclear power plant near Xalapa in Veracruz state opened under popular protests. By 1997-1998 issues of corruption, mismanagement and disregard for safety regulations plagued the plant.
(SFC, 1/12/98, p.A10)
1990 In Mongolia demonstrations against Russian rule began. The Mongolian Communist soon voted to dissolve itself.
(SFEM, 10/12/97, p.29)
1990 Elbegdorj Tsahkiagiin, leader of a democratic revolution, became the first democratic PM of Mongolia.
(www.intellectualconservative.com/article3341.html)(Econ, 10/11/14, p.46)
1990 Sam Nujoma became president of Namibia.
(Econ, 11/20/04, p.50)
1990 In Nepal a parliamentary democracy with 205 seats was adopted to replace the absolute monarchy. A popular revolt led to the institution of a constitutional monarchy.
(WSJ, 5/3/99, p.A1)(SFC, 5/13/99, p.C2)(WSJ, 6/5/01, p.A26)
1990 Nicaragua switched diplomatic recognition from Beijing to Taipei.
(Econ, 11/9/13, p.43)
1990 In Nicaragua Arnoldo Aleman became mayor of Managua.
(SFC, 10/15/96, p.A1,12)
1990 Foreign development aid in Niger was $270 million for the year.
(WSJ, 5/10/02, p.A5)
1990 Nigeria founded a drug agency and was soon in scandal as the top people were found to be involved in trafficking.
(Econ, 12/8/07, p.56)
1990 In Nigeria 109 children died after taking paracetamol laced with a compound similar to diethylene glycol and also used in engine coolants.
(AFP, 3/31/09)
1990 Norway established a sovereign wealth fund, the Government Pension Fund Global, to prepare the country for a post-oil future and to prevent deindustrialization.
(Econ, 2/2/13, SR p.14)
1990 Norwegian church groups brought the government of Guatemala and rebels together for peace talks in Oslo.
(SFC, 12/5/96, p.C1)
1990 In Pakistan some 70 tons of hashish was transported across the country by camel and loaded onto 2 freighters. 28 tons were loaded onto the freighter Saratoga Success, which collided with another ship and after 2 typhoons ended up beached in the Philippines. The freighter Lucky Star left Pakistan in 1991 with the other 48 tons and stopped to pick up the 28 tons on the Saratoga. The final destination was Vancouver, BC, but US federal agents intercepted the $250 million shipment.
(SFC, 4/19/97, p.C1)
1990 In Papua New Guinea businessmen and politicians journeyed into the Hunstein Forest to collect the "x’s" of clansmen on a deal to sell their forest for royalty payments. The government in Port Moresby, the capital, has since suspended the deal.
(SFC, 5/29/96, p.A8)
1990 Vladimiro Montesinos became the head of Peru’s intelligence services.
(SFE, 9/17/96, p.A11)
1990 In Peru 49 members of the MRTA, including their leader Victor Polay, escaped from the Canto Grande prison near Lima.
(SFC, 12/20/96, p.B4)
1990 In Peru the MRTA assassinated a former defense minister.
(SFC, 12/20/96, p.B4)
1990 Peru created the Kugapakori-Nahua-Nanti reserve to protect native Amerindians who shunned contact with the outside world.
(Econ, 4/26/14, p.35)
1990 The killing and selling of dolphins became illegal in Peru, and the market went underground.
(PacDis, Winter/’96, p.36)
1990 In Peru the inflation rate hit 7,500%.
(Econ, 8/28/10, p.66)
1990 By this year the Republic of Congo was totally bankrupt. The French oil company Elf Aquitaine dominated oil production. The country was Africa’s 4th largest producer of crude oil.
(SFC,10/17/97, p.D8)
1990 Pakistan jailed Sarabjit Singh was jailed. A court sentenced him to death for his role in bomb attacks and espionage. In 2012 President Asif Ali Zardari commuted the death sentence of the Indian prisoner to life in prison, the equivalent of time served in this case.
(AP, 6/26/12)
1990 Francis Ona declared independence and himself president of what he called Meekamuii. Papua New Guinea tightened its blockade.
(SFC, 12/29/01, p.A9)
1990 In Papua New Guinea soldiers withdrew from Bougainville following a ceasefire with the Bougainville Revolutionary Army (BRA).
(Econ, 2/9/08, p.48)
1990 The killing and selling of dolphins became illegal in Peru, and the market went underground.
(PacDis, Winter/’96, p.36)
1990 A Miami-bound Boeing 727 owned by the Peruvian Faucett Airlines crashed into the North Atlantic after running out of fuel. There were 18 airline employees and relatives on board. The wreckage was never recovered.
(AP, 3/14/14)
1990 In Romania former prime minister Ilie Verdet formed the Socialist Party.
(SFC, 3/22/01, p.A20)
1990 Pinto da Costa lost the presidency of Sao Tome and Principe after introducing reforms, including multi-party democracy that saw the election as president of Miguel Trovoada.
(AFP, 9/3/11)
1990 Gorbachev struggled to hold the USSR together.
(TMC, 1994, p.1990)
1990 The Soviets pulled out of the Hradcany air force base north of Prague, Czechoslovakia, and left behind some 6,500 tons of jet fuel soaked into nearly 15 acres of foul-smelling land.
(WSJ, 4/5/96, p.B-3A)(Econ, 5/31/08, SR p.11)
1990 In Russia the Moscow Union of Lesbians and Gays was founded.
(SFC, 6/23/96, BR, p.6)
1990 The Russian city of Dubna began a sister-city relationship with La Crosse, Wisconsin.
(http://tinyurl.com/mrtq7n9)(SFC, 12/31/00, p.B5)
1990 Mahele Lieko Bokoungo led Zairian soldiers to back up the Hutu regime of Pres. Juvenal Habyarimana of Rwanda.
(SFC, 12/20/96, p.B5)
1990 The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam evicted some 75,000 Muslims from northern Sri Lanka and most fled to Puttalam. Muslims comprised some 8% of Sri Lanka’s 20 million people. In the east the rebels slaughtered up to 1,000 Muslims.
(Econ, 10/13/07, p.45)
1990 Islamist leader Hassan al-Turabi invited Osma bin Laden to Sudan and provided him with a safe haven from 1991 to 1996, when the Al-Qaeda chief was eventually expelled under mounting international pressure on Khartoum.
(AFP, 4/23/06)
1990 In Suriname Desi Bouterse launched a second coup.
(AP, 3/20/12)
1990 Sweden adopted legislation that lowered the blood alcohol limit for all drivers to .02%. The US standard was .08%.
(AP, 12/22/09)
1990 In Switzerland legislation was passed to punish bankers who knowingly accepted money that came from a crime.
(WSJ, 7/3/96, p.A8)
1990 In Switzerland a group, called "Projekt 26" or P-26, was disbanded after revelations of its existence prompted a public scandal. It had roots in the 1950s when the Swiss military began assembling a guerrilla-style force to resist a Communist invasion. A 1991 probe into P-26 concluded that while it was not part of any "international resistance network", it had unusually intense ties to British agents starting in 1967.
(AP, 2/7/18)
1990 In Uganda Joseph Kony, a faith healer, revived the Holy Spirit Movement and led his LRA rebels in northern Uganda from training camps in southern Sudan.
(SFC, 3/5/96, p.A9)
1990 The Vatican issued a new church law that required Catholic dioceses around the world to support the Holy See.
(SFEM, 1/19/96, p.10)
1990-1991 Cheers was the top ranking network show on television with a ranking of 21.6%.
(WSJ, 4/24/95, p.R-5)
1990-1991 The was an economic recession in the US that was precipitated by tax hikes.
(WSJ, 7/31/96, p.A15)(WSJ, 5/11/99, p.A22)
1990-1991 Cuba was producing 90 million cigars annually.
(SFC, 7/13/96, p.A9)
1990-1991 The Nung from Vietnam made their way to Hong Kong as boat people.
(SFC, 6/18/97, p.A10)
1990-1992 In the US 834 banks failed during this period.
(WSJ, 7/14/08, p.A1)
1990-1992 A study by the Univ. of Michigan showed 96% of fifth graders in Japan had higher test scores in math than their American counterparts. Students of Taiwan in the 11th grade outscored American students by 86% and Japanese students scored 92% higher than the American average.
(LSA, Spring 1995, p.27)
1990-1992 In Israel Ariel Sharon served as the housing minister and presided over the settlement drive in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
(SFC, 10/10/98, p.A8)
1990-1993 In Kenya’s "Goldenberg affair" millions of dollars were paid for non-existent exports of gold and diamonds. Some $600 million was secreted abroad and into the bank accounts of numerous ministers and their friends. A firm called Goldenberg International manipulated export compensation. A commission of inquiry from 2003-2005 presented its report to Pres. Kibaki in 2006.
(www.ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=32215)(Econ, 6/9/07, p.50)
1990-2009 In Kenya the forests shrank during this period by a at least 60%.
(Econ, 8/29/09, p.22)
1990-1993 Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana, an ethnic Hutu, requested French troops to help block an ethnic Tutsi exile force that was penetrating the country from Uganda. French troops were present over the next 3 1/2 years.
(WSJ, 1/24/97, p.A14)
1990-1994 In Honduras Rafael Callejas served as president.
(SFC,11/26/97, p.C5)
1990-1996 In Nicaragua Sergio Palacios Cruz, aka Charro, took up arms again citing threats from the Sandinistas as well as unfilled government promises. He led a group of about 300 men in the area around Wanawas and is viewed by some as a protector and by others as a bandit and robber.
(SFC, 5/27/96, p.A6,7)
1990-1998 In Honduras death squads had killed 701 people over this period.
(SFC, 1/15/98, p.A12)
1990-1998 In South Africa in the Northern Province some 577 killings were committed related to witchcraft.
(SFC, 10/23/98, p.D3)
1990-1999 In 2003 Joseph E. Stiglitz authored "The Roaring Nineties: A New History of the World's Most Prosperous Decade."
(SSFC, 12/21/03, p.M5)
1990-1999 Pres. George Bush declared the 90s as "The Decade of the Brain."
(SFEC, 2/9/97, Par p.20)
1990-2000 This was a period of economic stagnation in Japan and later called "the lost decade." It resulted in the opening of the Japanese economy to foreigners. In 2006 a trio of economists authored a paper “Zombie lending and depressed re-structuring in Japan," which examined how subsidies to weak firms prolonged Japan’s period of deflation.
(WSJ, 12/28/00, p.A1)(Econ, 4/8/06, p.62)
1990-2004 A 14-year civil war began in Liberia. 1.2 million people were forced flee their homes. 700,000 sought shelter in Guinea, the Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone and other West African countries. 14 years of fighting left some 250,000 people dead.
(SFC, 10/4/99, p.A12)(Econ, 12/16/06, p.48)
1990-2005 Global Witness estimated that Myanmar lost 18% of its forests during this period. The country once had four-fifths of the world’s teak.
(Econ, 4/21/12, p.58)
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1990 Jan 1, David Dinkins was sworn in as New York City's first black mayor.
(AP, 1/1/98)
1990 Jan 2, On Wall Street, the Dow Jones Industrial Average ended the day above 2,800 for the first time, at 2,810.15.
(AP, 1/2/00)
1990 Jan 2, A lahar from the Mt. Redoubt volcano in Alaska flooded part of the oil terminal in Cook Inlet.
(http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/About/What/Monitor/Hydrologic/AFMRedoubt.html)
1990 Jan 2, Alan Hale Jr. (b.1921), Skipper on Gilligan's Island, died of cancer.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Hale_Jr.)
1990 Jan 3, Ousted Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega surrendered to U.S. forces, 10 days after taking refuge in the Vatican's diplomatic mission.
(AP, 1/3/98)
1990 Jan 4, Charles Stuart, who had claimed a gunman had killed his pregnant wife and wounded him, leaped to his death from a Boston Harbor bridge after he became a suspect.
(AP, 1/4/00)
1990 Jan 4, Deposed Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega was arraigned in federal district court in Miami on drug-trafficking charges.
(AP, 1/4/00)
1990 Jan 4, In Sindh Province, Pakistan, an overcrowded 16-car passenger train collided with standing freight train and more than 210 people were killed.
(SFC, 6/4/98, p.A15)(AP, 2/18/04)
1990 Jan 5, President Bush told a news conference the United States had a strong case against deposed Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega and said he was convinced Noriega would receive a fair trial on drug-trafficking charges.
(AP, 1/5/00)
1990 Jan 6, Defense Secretary Dick Cheney told CNN the U.S. invasion of Panama should not be viewed as a new "Bush doctrine" inclined toward military intervention in countries where democratic elections had been subverted.
(AP, 1/6/00)
1990 Jan 7, The president of El Salvador, Alfredo Cristiani, said in a nationally broadcast address that military men two months earlier had massacred six Jesuit priests, their housekeeper and her daughter.
(AP, 1/7/00)
1990 Jan 8, In San Francisco Doris Ward (1932-2018) was worn in as president of the board of Supervisors, becoming the first African-American to serve in that position.
(SFC, 4/17/18, p.C1)
1990 Jan 8, Terry Thomas (78), English comic (Heroes), died of Parkinson's disease.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry-Thomas)
1990 Jan 8, Military tribunals in Romania began trials of the country's dreaded security forces who stood accused of resisting the revolution that toppled Nicolae Ceausescu.
(AP, 1/8/00)
1990 Jan 9, The space shuttle Columbia was launched on a 10-day mission that included retrieving a drifting scientific satellite.
(AP, 1/9/00)
1990 Jan 10, NCAA approved the random drug testing for college football players.
(http://tinyurl.com/ghgha)
1990 Jan 10, Chinese Premier Li Peng lifted Beijing's 7-month-old martial law and said that by crushing pro-democracy protests the army had saved China from "the abyss of misery."
(AP, 1/10/00)
1990 Jan 11, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev visited Lithuania, where he sought to assure supporters of independence that they would have a say in their republic's future.
(AP, 1/11/00)
1990 Jan 12, Astronauts aboard the space shuttle Columbia retrieved an 11-ton floating science laboratory in a rescue mission that kept the satellite from plunging to Earth.
(AP, 1/12/00)
1990 Jan 12, Civil Rights activist Rev. Al Sharpton was stabbed in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn.
(http://tinyurl.com/fpmgu)
1990 Jan 12, Laurence J. Peter (b.1919), author (Peter Principle), died of a stroke.
(www.nndb.com/lists/895/000106577/)
1990 Jan 13, L. Douglas Wilder of Virginia, the nation's first elected black governor, took the oath of office in Richmond.
(AP, 1/13/00)
1990 Jan 14, The Denver Broncos and the San Francisco 49ers earned a trip to the Super Bowl by winning the American and National Football Conference championships.
(AP, 1/14/00)
1990 Jan 16, Two Bank of Credit and Commerce (BCCI) members pleaded guilty to money laundering.
(www.fas.org/irp/congress/1992_rpt/bcci/08just.htm)
1990 Jan 16, The Soviet Union sent more than 11,000 reinforcements to the Caucasus to halt a civil war between Armenians and Azerbaijanis.
(AP, 1/16/00)
1990 Jan 17, A federal judge in Miami set March 1990 for the trial of ex-Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega on drug trafficking charges. After initial delays, Noriega was tried and convicted of racketeering and conspiracy to distribute cocaine, and was sentenced to 40 years in prison, later cut to 30 years.
(AP, 1/17/00)
1990 Jan 18, In an FBI sting, Washington, D.C., Mayor Marion Barry was arrested for drug possession. Barry was arrested while smoking crack cocaine and fondling a woman who was not his wife. He was later convicted of a misdemeanor.
(AP, 1/18/00)(SFC, 11/24/14, p.A6)
1990 Jan 18, A jury in Los Angeles acquitted former preschool operators Raymond Buckey and his mother, Peggy McMartin Buckey, of 52 child molestation charges.
(AP, 1/18/00)
1990 Jan 19, Arthur J. Goldberg, former Supreme Court justice, labor secretary and U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, was found dead in his Washington apartment at age 81.
(AP, 1/19/00)
1990 Jan 19, Elias Zayek, leader of the Christian Phalange party of Lebanon was shot and killed in Byblos. Samir Geagea, leader of the of the Lebanese Forces militia, was later accused and convicted (5/20/96) of the murder.
(SFC, 5/21/96, p.A-11)
1990 Jan 19, Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh (b.1931), Indian guru (Osho), died in Pune, India. From 1981 to 1985 he resided in the US. His followers were involved in a bio-terrorist attack in Oregon in 1984.
(SFC, 12/13/02, p.K6)(SFC, 6/15/05, p.A1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajneesh)
1990 Jan 20, The space shuttle Columbia returned from an 11-day mission.
(AP, 1/20/00)
1990 Jan 20, Actress Barbara Stanwyck died in Santa Monica, Calif., at age 82.
(AP, 1/20/00)
1990 Jan 20, The Soviets attacked Baku, leaving dozens dead and wounded. Gen’l. Lebed led Russian forces in Baku to crush the nationalist Azeri Popular Front. 62 civilians were killed and more than 200 wounded when the Soviet army stormed into the city of Baku to end what Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev called fratricidal killing between Muslim Azerbaijanis and Christian Armenians.
(WSJ, 12/18/96, p.A21)(CO, Grolier’s Amer. Acad. Enc./ Azerbaijan)(WSJ, 8/7/96, p.A15)(AP, 1/20/00)
1990 Jan 21, Azerbaijan Pres. Aliyev made his first public appearance since his 1987 resignation from the Soviet Politburo. He broke the information blackout and urged int’l. condemnation of the Soviet attack. Mutinous military cadets fired on troops patrolling the capital during a crackdown on a nationalist uprising.
(WSJ, 12/18/96, p.A21)(AP, 1/21/00)
1990 Jan 22, SF Giant’s first baseman Will Clark became the baseball’s highest paid player as he signed a 4-year contract for $15 million.
(SSFC, 1/18/15, DB p.46)
1990 Jan 22, A jury in Syracuse, N.Y., convicted graduate student Robert T. Morris of federal computer tampering charges for unleashing a "worm" that crippled a computer network.
(AP, 1/22/00)
1990 Jan 22, Roman Vishniac (b.1897), Russian-American street photographer, died in NYC. He is best known for capturing on film the culture of Jews in Central and Eastern Europe before the Holocaust.
(Econ, 1/26/13, p.76)
1990 Jan 22, Up to 2 million Azerbaijanis marched through the republic's capital to mourn those killed when Soviet troops put down a nationalist revolt.
(AP, 1/22/00)
1990 Jan 23, The 101st US Congress convened its second session, facing an agenda that included clean air legislation and deficit reduction.
(AP, 1/23/00)
1990 Jan 23, In Oregon Keith Hunter Jesperson (b.1955) began his career as a serial killer with the sexual assault and murder of Taunja Bennett. He went on to murder 8 women. He was arrested in March, 1995. In October 1995 just before going to trial, he pleaded guilty to the murder of Bennett. Multnomah County Presiding Judge Donald H. Londer sentenced Jesperson to life in prison, setting a minimum 30-year prison term before being eligible for parole. Jesperson claimed to have murdered up to 160 people in California, Florida, Washington, Oregon and Wyoming. In 2002 Jack Olsen (d.2002) authored “I: The Creation of a Serial Killer."
(SSFC, 8/18/02, p.M2)(www.crimelibrary.com/serial_killers/predators/jesperson/murder_1.html)
1990 Jan 24, The House voted 390-25 to override President Bush's veto of legislation protecting Chinese students from deportation. Bush prevailed in a Senate vote the next day.
(AP, 1/24/00)
1990 Jan 25, President Bush proposed to add an additional $1.2 billion to the budget for the war on drugs, including a 50% increase in military spending.
(www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/drugs/cron/index.html)
1990 Jan 25, An Avianca Boeing 707 ran out of fuel and crashed in Cove Neck, N.Y.; 73 of the 161 people aboard were killed.
(AP, 1/25/00)
1990 Jan 25, Actress Ava Gardner, star in 60 films, died in London at age 67. Her 3 husbands included Mickey Rooney (1942-1943), Artie Shaw (1945-1946) and Frank Sinatra (1951-1957).
(AP, 1/25/00)(SFEC, 3/12/00, Par p.2)
1990 Jan 26, Attorneys for Manuel Noriega challenged the jurisdiction of U.S. courts to try the deposed Panamanian leader on drug-trafficking charges, and said Noriega should be declared a prisoner of war.
(AP, 1/26/00)
1990 Jan 27, In Romania, four top associates of executed dictator Nicolae Ceausescu went on trial, charged with abetting genocide.
(AP, 1/27/00)
1990 Jan 28, The San Francisco 49ers routed the Denver Broncos, 55-10, in the 24th Super Bowl.
(AP, 1/28/00)
1990 Jan 29, Former Exxon Valdez skipper Joseph Hazelwood went on trial in Anchorage, Alaska, on charges stemming from the nation's worst oil spill; Hazelwood later was acquitted of the major charges and convicted of a misdemeanor.
(AP, 1/29/00)
1990 Jan 30, A federal judge ordered former President Reagan to provide excerpts of his personal diaries to John M. Poindexter for the former national security adviser's Iran-Contra trial. The judge later reversed himself, deciding the material was not essential.
(AP, 1/30/00)
1990 Jan 31, McDonald's Corp. opened its first fast-food restaurant in Moscow.
(AP, 1/31/98)
1990 Jan, In Albania demonstrations at Shkodra forced authorities to declare a state of emergency.
(www, Albania, 1998)
1990 Feb 1, Jane Novak (b.1896), film actress (Ghost Town), died of stroke in Woodland Hills, Ca. Her career began with silent films.
(www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8755790)
1990 Feb 1, East Germany's Communist premier, Hans Modrow, appealed for negotiations with West Germany to forge a "united fatherland."
(AP, 2/1/00)
1990 Feb 2, In a dramatic concession to South Africa's black majority, President F.W. de Klerk lifted a ban on the African National Congress and promised to free Nelson Mandela.
(AP, 2/2/00)
1990 Feb 2, In South Africa Benedict Daswa, as Catholic schoolteacher, was beaten to death in a spasm of violence born of a flash of lightning and a witch hunt. In 2012 a movement was under way to have the Vatican declare Daswa South Africa's first saint. Daswa was beatified on Sep 13.2015.
(AP, 7/15/12)(AFP, 9/13/15)
1990 Feb 3, The parliament of Bulgaria elected economist Andrei Lukanov to replace a hard-line Communist as premier. Lukanov became the prime minister after rising to the number 2 spot of the Communist hierarchy under Zhivkov. He oversaw the party’s formal break with Stalinism and victory in the first free elections.
(SFC, 10/5/96, p.A10)(AP, 2/3/00)
1990 Feb 4, Nine people were killed as guerrillas attacked a bus carrying Israeli tourists near Cairo, Egypt.
(AP, 2/4/00)
1990 Feb 4, Cheering protesters thronged Moscow streets to demand that the Communists surrender their stranglehold on power.
(AP, 2/4/00)
1990 Feb 5, The Nepali Congress passed a resolution officially launching the "country-wide peaceful mass movement." Shortly thereafter, as many as 475 opposition party members, human rights advocates, students, lawyers and journalists were arrested. In a number of incidents, police opened fire indiscriminately into crowds of unarmed demonstrators. Estimates of the number killed range from 50 to several hundred. While the lower figure probably is more accurate, the precise figure may never be known because the police disposed of many of the bodies in secret without conducting inquests.
(www.hrw.org/reports/1990/WR90/ASIA.BOU-07.htm)
1990 Feb 5, Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev told the Communist Party it had to earn the right to rule, instead of treating it as an unchallenged right.
(AP, 2/5/00)
1990 Feb 6, Soviet Communist Party leaders decided to extend a two-day party session by an extra day amid controversy over Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev's proposals to revamp the country's political structure.
(AP, 2/6/00)
1990 Feb 7, An 811-foot tanker, the American Trader, spilled hundreds of thousands of gallons of Alaskan crude oil off the coast of Huntington Beach, Calif.
(AP, 2/7/00)
1990 Feb 7, Judith Clancy (b.1950), SF artist, died of cancer.
(www.undo.net/cgi-bin/undo/pressrelease/pressrelease.pl?id=1095157331)
1990 Feb 7, In Pakistan riots broke out between rival political parties and 22 people were hurt.
(http://tinyurl.com/htbtm)
1990 Feb 7, The Soviet Union's Communist Party agreed to let other political parties compete for control of the country, thereby giving up its monopoly on power.
(AP, 2/7/00)
1990 Feb 8, CBS television temporarily suspended Andy Rooney for his anti-gay and anti-black remarks in a gay magazine interview.
(HN, 2/8/99)
1990 Feb 8, In California Christy Pina (14) was found dead in an artichoke field just off Highway 1 in Castroville. She had been strangled, raped and stabbed repeatedly. In 1996 advanced DNA technology identified Arsenio Pacheco Leyva as the killer, but he had gone into hiding. Leyva was later arrested in Mexico and spent over three years in jail before he was extradited to the US to face charges. On May 3, 2018, Leyva (56) was booked at the Monterey County Jail.
(SFC, 5/8/18, p.C4)
1990 Feb 8, In NYC a gunman botched an attempt to rob a diamond courier. He then shot and killed Rabbi Chaskel Werzberger in his vehicle and rode off in the vehicle. David Ranta, an unemployed drug addict, was arrested on circumstantial evidence and “uncertain" witness testimony. In 2013 Ranta was freed from his 37.5 year prison sentence.
(SFC, 2/22/13, p.A7)
1990 Feb 9, John Gotti (1940-2002) was acquitted of charges that he commissioned the Westies gang to shoot a union official in Manhattan’s Hell’s Kitchen. This earned him the nickname "The Teflon Don."
(SFC, 6/11/02, p.A2)
1990 Feb 9, Perrier Group of America Inc. announced it was voluntarily recalling its inventory of mineral water in the United States after tests showed the presence of benzene in a small number of bottles.
(AP, 2/9/00)
1990 Feb 9, The Galileo satellite, launched Oct. 18, 1989, made its closest approach to Venus.
(www.jpl.nasa.gov/releases/90/release_1990_0124.html)
1990 Feb 10, In Indonesia Mount Kelud erupted. Some 33 post eruption lahars took place from Feb 15-mar28 and more than 30 people were killed with hundreds injured.
(AP, 11/3/07)(www.springerlink.com/content/x7d7qvad0ct3c9bf/)
1990 Feb 10, South African President F.W. de Klerk announced that black activist Nelson Mandela would be released the next day after 27 years in captivity.
(AP, 2/10/00)
1990 Feb 11, In a stunning upset, heavyweight champion Mike Tyson was knocked out in the 10th round of his fight with Buster Douglas in Tokyo.
(AP, 2/11/00)
1990 Feb 11, Nelson Mandela was released from South Africa’s Victor Verster prison after being detained for 27 years as a political prisoner fighting against Apartheid.
(AP, 2/11/97)(SFC, 12/6/13, p.A19)
1990 Feb 12, President Bush rejected Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev's new initiative for troop reductions in Europe, but predicted a "major success" on arms control at the superpower summit in June.
(AP, 2/12/00)
1990 Feb 12, Robert Ouko (b.1931), Kenya’s foreign minister and member of the Luo tribe, was murdered during his investigation of corruption charges against the government.
(Econ, 2/9/08, p.51)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Ouko)
1990 Feb 13, At a conference in Ottawa, the United States and its European allies forged agreement with the Soviet Union and East Germany on a two-stage formula to reunite Germany.
(AP, 2/13/00)
1990 Feb 14, Space probe Voyager 1 took photographs of entire solar system.
(www.nmm.ac.uk/server/show/conMediaFile.4331)
1990 Feb 14, Ninety-four people were killed when an Indian Airlines passenger jet crashed while landing at a southern Indian airport.
(AP, 2/14/00)
1990 Feb 15, Professional baseball owners locked out their players.
(440 Int’l., 2/15/99)
1990 Feb 15, President Bush and the leaders of Colombia, Bolivia and Peru met in Cartagena, Colombia for a drug-fighting summit.
(AP, 2/15/00)
1990 Feb 15, The San Francisco Recreation and Parks Commission decided that the gigantic concrete cross atop Mount Davidson will remain a city-owned landmark, but that it should never be lit again.
(SSFC, 2/15/15, DB p.42)
1990 Feb 16, Former President Reagan began two days of giving a videotaped deposition in Los Angeles for the Iran-Contra trial of former national security adviser John Poindexter.
(AP, 2/16/00)
1990 Feb 17, Former President Reagan spent a second day in a Los Angeles courtroom, giving videotaped testimony about the Iran-Contra affair for the trial of his former national security adviser, John Poindexter.
(AP, 2/17/00)
1990 Feb 17, The first set of Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) officials were elected. Due to electoral protest, the ARMM formally started to function only on July 9, 1990 following the oath taking of Atty. Zacaria A. Candao as First Regional Governor of ARMM.
(http://www.armm.gov.ph/armm-history/)
1990 Feb 18, In general elections, Japan's conservative governing party held onto its 34-year-old majority in the Parliament's lower house.
(AP, 2/18/00)
1990 Feb 19, US Defense Secretary Dick Cheney, snubbed by Philippine President Corazon Aquino, met in Manila with Defense Minister Fidel Ramos to discuss the future of U.S. bases in the country.
(AP, 2/19/00)
1990 Feb 19, Michael Powell (84), English director (Life & Death of Col Blimp), died.
(www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/447167/index.html)
1990 Feb 20, President Bush welcomed Czechoslovak President Vaclav Havel to the White House, promising trade rewards for Prague's moves toward democracy.
(AP, 2/20/00)
1990 Feb 21, Addressing the U.S. Congress, Czechoslovak President Vaclav Havel said his nation welcomed U.S. help after decades of Soviet domination, but also said Europe should eventually "decide for itself" how long American and Soviet troops should remain.
(AP, 2/21/00)
1990 Feb 22, Former President Reagan's videotaped testimony for the trial of former national security adviser John Poindexter was released in Washington; in his deposition, Reagan said he never had "any inkling" his aides were secretly arming the Nicaraguan Contras.
(AP, 2/22/00)
1990 Feb 23, James Gavin (b.1907), US commander 82nd Airborne Div (Normandy), died. He was known as “the jumping general" for parachuting along with combat troops in WW II.
(www.britannica.com/dday/article-9000825)
1990 Feb 23, Former Salvadoran President Jose Napoleon Duarte died at age 64.
(AP, 2/23/00)
1990 Feb 24, Magazine publisher Malcolm Forbes died in Far Hills, N.J. at age 70.
(AP, 2/24/00)
1990 Feb 24, Johnnie Ray (63), fifties balladeer (Cry), died in Los Angeles of liver failure.
(AP, 2/24/00)
1990 Feb 25, Enver Hadri, a human rights leader, was allegedly shot in the head by Veselin Vukotic and two other men while he was stopped at a traffic light in Brussels, Belgium. Hadri had papers on him incriminating former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic in assassinations. All three gunmen were believed to be hitmen working for the Yugoslav secret service. Veselin was arrested in Spain in 2006.
(AP, 2/27/06)
1990 Feb 25, Nicaraguans voted in an election that led to an upset victory for opponents of the ruling Sandinistas. Daniel Ortega, communist president of Nicaragua, lost to Violeta Chamorro.
(WSJ, 3/12/96, p. A-16)(AP, 2/25/98)
1990 Feb 26, USSR agreed to withdraw all 73,500 troops from Czechoslovakia by July, 1991.
(SC, 2/26/02)
1990 Feb 27, The US Supreme Court ruled that prison officials could force inmates to take powerful anti-psychotic drugs without a judge's consent.
(AP, 2/27/00)
1990 Feb 27, Exxon Corp and Exxon Shipping were indicted on 5 criminal counts for the oil spill at Valdez, Alaska.
(www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/02.htm)
1990 Feb 28, In San Francisco protesters lit the street outside the St. Francis Hotel with a flaming torch parade and bonfire as part of demonstrations against a visit by Pres. George H.W. Bush.
(SSFC, 3/1/15, DB p.42)
1990 Feb 28, Space shuttle Atlantis blasted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla. on a secret mission to place a spy satellite in orbit.
(AP, 2/28/00)
1990 Feb, Cisco Systems Corp. went public.
(SFC,11/5/97, p.D1)
1990 Feb, In Germany a group of artists occupied Tacheles, a building in East Berlin, two months before it was scheduled for demolition. The squatters saved it by getting the city to declare it a historic landmark. Their lease ended Dec. 31, 2008, and residents were advised to move out though no court order was issued.
(AP, 2/13/09)
1990 Mar 1, The controversial Seabrook, N.H., nuclear power plant won federal permission to go on line after two decades of protests and legal struggles.
(AP, 3/1/00)
1990 Mar 1, Benin nullified its constitution.
(SC, 3/1/02)
1990 Mar 1, Luis Alberto Lacelle was sworn in as President of Uruguay.
(SC, 3/1/02)
1990 Mar 2, More than 6,000 drivers went on strike against Greyhound Lines Inc. The company, later declaring an impasse in negotiations, fired the strikers.
(AP, 3/2/00)
1990 Mar 2, A grenade attack in downtown Panama killed a U.S. soldier and injured 28 other people at the My Place discotheque on Via Espania and Calle 50.
(AP, 3/2/00)
1990 Mar 3, President Bush sparked controversy by expressing opposition to the settlement of Soviet Jewish refugees in East Jerusalem.
(AP, 3/3/00)
1990 Mar 3, Carole Gist (20) of Michigan was 1st black crowned 39th Miss USA.
(SC, 3/3/02)
1990 Mar 4, The 20th Easter Seal Telethon was held.
(SC, 3/4/02)
1990 Mar 4, Atlantis 6, the US 65th manned space mission STS 36, returned from space.
(SC, 3/4/02)
1990 Mar 4, Voters in the Soviet republics of Russia, Byelorussia and the Ukraine participated in local and legislative elections, resulting in notable gains for reformists and nationalists.
(AP, 3/4/00)
1990 Mar 5, To the cheers of onlookers, workers in Bucharest, Romania, finally succeeded in removing a 25-foot, seven-ton bronze statue of Vladimir Lenin from its foundation.
(AP, 3/5/00)
1990 Mar 6, The Soviet parliament overwhelmingly approved legislation allowing people to own factories and hire workers for the first time in nearly seven decades.
(AP, 3/6/00)
1990 Mar 7, Health and Human Services Secretary Louis Sullivan announced the US government would propose a more informative food-labeling system that would require the disclosure of the fat, fiber and cholesterol content of nearly all packaged foods.
(AP, 3/7/00)
1990 Mar 8, Opening arguments were heard in the Iran-Contra trial of former national security adviser John M. Poindexter.
(AP, 3/8/00)
1990 Mar 8, In San Francisco Giovanni Torrocha (30), part owner of the Grant and Green Bar and the Condor nightclub shot and killed Francesco Tarsitano (42), a chef and former maitre d’ of Martinelli’s, in the vengeful climax of a love triangle.
(SSFC, 3/8/15, p.42)
1990 Mar 8, NYC's Zodiac killer shoot his 1st victim, Mario Orosco. Orozco survived a bullet lodged near his spine.
(http://karisable.com/skazzodiac.htm)
1990 Mar 9, Dr. Antonia Novello (b.1944) was sworn in as the US surgeon general, becoming the first woman and the first Hispanic to hold the job. Dr. Novello became Commissioner of Health for the State of New York in 1999.
(AP, 3/9/98)(www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/history/bionovello.htm)
1990 Mar 10, Haitian ruler Lt. Gen. Prosper Avril resigned during a popular uprising against his military regime.
(AP, 3/10/00)
1990 Mar 11, Chile’s General Augusto Pinochet gave up power after 16 years of rule, but remained commander of the army. Some 3,200 people were murdered under his dictatorship and 30,000 more were tortured. Patricio Aylwin (1918-2016) began serving as president.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricio_Aylwin)(Econ, 12/16/06, p.89)(SFC, 4/20/16, p.A2)
1990 Mar 11, The Lithuanian parliament voted to break away from the Soviet Union and restore its independence. The Supreme Council promulgated the historic document: "On the Re-establishment of the Independent State of Lithuania." Validity of the 1938 Constitution was briefly reinstated and the provisional Fundamental Law was adopted. Vytautas Landsbergis was elected president of Lithuania under the party Sajudis. Landsbergis was elected Chairman of the Council with Bronislovas Juozas Kuzmickas, Kazimieras Motieka and Ceslovas Stankevicius as Vice Chairmen, with Liuvikas Sabutis as Secretary. Four governments were formed under tenure of the Council. They were led by Kazimiera Danute Prunskiene, Albertas Simenas, Gediminas Vagnorius and Aleksandras Algirdas Abisala. Moscow responded with an economic blockade that brought industry and transportation to a standstill. In June the Lithuanians agreed to suspend independence.
(DrEE, 10/5/96, p.5)(CSOE)(HN, 3/11/98)(AP, 3/11/00)
1990 Mar 12, Vice President Quayle met in Santiago, Chile, with Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega, who promised to peacefully relinquish power to Violeta Chamorro, the U.S.-backed candidate who had won Nicaragua's presidential election.
(AP, 3/12/00)
1990 Mar 13, President Bush lifted trade sanctions against Nicaragua in a show of support for President-elect Violeta Chamorro.
(AP, 3/13/00)
1990 Mar 13, The Soviet Congress of People's Deputies approved Mikhail S. Gorbachev's proposals for a multiparty political system headed by a powerful president.
(AP, 3/13/00)
1990 Mar 13, Bruno Bettelheim (86), Austrian-US psychoanalyst, committed suicide. His books included "The Empty Fortress" (1967), on infantile autism and "the Use of Enchantment" (1976), a study of fairy tales. In 1996 Richard Pollak wrote: "The Creation of Dr. B: A Biography of Bruno Bettelheim." In 2002 Theron Raines authored "Rising to the Light: A Portrait of Bruno Bettelheim."
(SFC, 12/29/96, BR p.1)(SSFC, 9/8/02, p.M4)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Bettelheim)
1990 Mar 14, The United States, the Soviet Union, Britain, France, and West and East Germany held their first formal meeting on reunifying the German states.
(AP, 3/14/00)
1990 Mar 14, The Soviet Congress elected Mikhail S. Gorbachev president of the Soviet Congress, a day after creating the post.
(HN, 3/14/98)(AP, 3/14/00)
1990 Mar 15, Iraq executed London-based journalist Farzad Bazoft, claiming he was a spy.
(AP, 3/15/00)
1990 Mar 15, The Israeli government of Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir lost a vote of confidence in the Knesset after Shamir refused to accept a U.S. plan for Israeli-Palestinian peace talks.
(AP, 3/15/00)
1990 Mar 16, Brazil announced the Collor Plan. It was a collection of economic reforms and inflation-stabilization plans carried out during the presidency of Fernando Collor de Mello, between 1990 and 1992. The plan was officially called New Brazil Plan. It combined fiscal and trade liberalization with radical inflation stabilization measures.
(Econ, 11/14/09, SR p.5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plano_Collor)
1990 Mar 16, South African President F.W. de Klerk announced that exiled African National Congress leaders could return home for talks with the white-led government.
(AP, 3/16/00)
1990 Mar 18, There was a theft of art work from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston. 2 men dressed as policemen made off with masterworks that included Rembrandt’s "The Storm on the Sea of Galilee," Vermeer’s "The Concert," Manet’s "Chez Tortoni," and 5 paintings and drawings by Edgar Degas and a 1200 BC Chinese bronze beaker valued at $300 million. The theft led Sen. Edward Kennedy to sponsor the museum theft provision of the 1994 Omnibus Crime Act. In 2009 Ulrich Boser authored “The Gardner Heist." In 2013 the FBI said it knows who stole the artwork but withheld the identity of the thieves.
(WSJ, 8/9/96, p.A8)(WSJ, 5/13/97, p.A21)(SFC, 8/26/97, p.A3)(SFC,12/15/97, p.A3)(WSJ, 2/20/09, p.W10)(SFC, 2/19/13, p.A6)
1990 Mar 18, An alliance of conservative parties won a surprising victory over the Communists in East Germany's first free elections.
(AP, 3/18/00)
1990 Mar 19, Latvia's political opposition claimed victory in the republic's first free elections in 50 years, and reformers also claimed victories in crucial runoffs held in Russia, Byelorussia and Ukraine.
(AP, 3/19/00)
1990 Mar 19, Kremlin warned Lithuania against taking over factories, putting up border posts.
(AP, 3/19/03)
1990 Mar 20, Namibia became an independent nation, marking the end of 75 years of South African rule. The South African colony gained independence after 25 years of guerrilla war. Namibians began petitioning the U.N. as early as 1947, developing political parties, most notably SWAPO (South West Africa People‘s Organization) to voice opposition to South African rule. Armed resistance to South African rule began in earnest in the 1970s and continued into the 1980s, which combined with drought and other factors, contributed to an overwhelming drain to South Africa‘s economy. The UN Security Council eventually demanded independence for Namibia, but transition elections were not agreed to by South Africa until December 1988 after a military disaster involving Angola. The UN Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) started work in April 1989 with elections giving SWAPO 57% of the vote. On March 21 of the following year, the South African flag was lowered and the Namibian flag raised in Namibia‘s National Stadium.
(LVRJ, 11/1/97, p.20A)(SFEC, 3/1/98, p.T4)(AP, 3/20/00)(HNQ, 2/13/01)
1990 Mar 20, The last Indian peacekeepers left Sri Lanka.
(www.india-seminar.com/1999/479/479%20mehta.htm)
1990 Mar 21, Secretary of State James Baker met black nationalist leader Nelson Mandela in Namibia.
(AP, 3/21/00)
1990 Mar 21, Elkins, West Virginia, reported a record national low of minus 16 degrees.
(SFC, 3/21/09, p.D10)
1990 Mar 21, Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev increased pressure on the breakaway republic of Lithuania, ordering its citizens to turn in their guns.
(AP, 3/21/00)
1990 Mar 22, A jury in Anchorage, Alaska, found former tanker captain Joseph Hazelwood innocent of three major charges in connection with the Exxon Valdez oil spill, but convicted him of a minor charge of negligent discharge of oil.
(HN, 3/22/97)(AP, 3/22/00)
1990 Mar 23, Former Exxon Valdez Captain Joseph Hazelwood was sentenced by a judge in Anchorage, Alaska, to help clean up Prince William Sound and pay $50,000 in restitution for his role in the 1989 oil spill.
(AP, 3/23/00)
1990 Mar 23, Rene Enriquez (56), actor (Hill St Blues), died of pancreatic cancer.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0258089/)
1990 Mar 24, Soviet military vehicles rumbled through the heart of the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius as lawmakers in the breakaway Baltic republic voted to transfer their power to foreign soil if they were attacked or arrested.
(AP, 3/24/00)
1990 Mar 25, Star Trek V won as worst picture in the 10th Golden Raspberry Awards.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Golden_Raspberry_Awards)
1990 Mar 25, Eighty-seven people, most of them Honduran and Dominican immigrants, were killed when an arson fire raced through the illegal Happy Land Social Club in New York City. Julio Gonzalez, 36, was charged with arson and murder. Gonzalez was convicted in August 1991 and was sentenced to 174 twenty-five-year sentences (a total of 4,350 years), the longest sentence ever handed down in New York. He is eligible for parole in 2015.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julio_Gonz%C3%A1lez_(arsonist))c
1990 Mar 26, "Driving Miss Daisy" won best picture at the 62nd annual Academy Awards and captured the best actress prize for Jessica Tandy; Daniel Day-Lewis was named best actor for "My Left Foot."
(AP, 3/26/00)
1990 Mar 26, Designer Halston died in San Francisco at age 57.
(AP, 3/26/00)
1990 Mar 27, The U.S. began test broadcasts of TV Marti to Cuba, which promptly jammed the signal.
(AP, 3/27/00)
1990 Mar 27, Soviet soldiers began rounding up Lithuanians who had fled the Red Army after the republic's declaration of independence.
(AP, 3/27/00)
1990 Mar 28, Jesse Owens (1913-1980) was awarded (posthumously) the Congressional Gold Medal from President George Bush.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Owens)
1990 Mar 28, British customs officials announced they had foiled an attempt to supply Iraq with 40 American-made devices for triggering nuclear weapons, following an 18-month investigation by U.S. and British authorities.
(AP, 3/28/00)
1990 Mar 29, President Bush, addressing the National Leadership Coalition on AIDS, declared his administration "on a wartime footing" against the disease, and called for compassion, not discrimination, toward those infected with the virus.
(AP, 3/29/00)
1990 Mar 30, Idaho Gov. Cecil Andrus vetoed a highly restrictive state abortion measure, saying the bill gave a woman and her family no flexibility in cases of rape and incest.
(AP, 3/30/00)
1990 Mar 30, Harry Bridges (b.1901), Australian-born SF labor activist, died.
(SFC, 7/27/01, p.A19)
1990 Mar 31, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev warned the defiant Baltic republic of Lithuania to annul its declaration of independence or face "grave consequences."
(AP, 3/31/00)
1990 Mar 31, Hundreds of people were injured in rioting in London over Britain's so-called "poll tax." The poll-tax disturbances helped to bring down PM Margaret Thatcher.
(AP, 3/31/00)(Econ, 3/8/08, p.66)
1990 Mar, Over 700 people from around the world gathered for the First International Ecocity Conference in Berkeley, Ca.
(PacDis, Spring '94, p. 27)
1990 Mar, GM and SAAB completed setting up a joint auto-making venture in Europe. They had agreed on Dec. 15, 1989, to form a 50-50 joint auto-making company, called Saab Automobile A.B.
(http://tinyurl.com/oktgl)
1990 Mar, Several people were killed and hundreds injured in clashes between Romanians and ethnic Hungarians in the Transylvanian city of Targu Mures. The Szeklers make up about a third of Romania's 1.4 million Hungarian minority.
(AP, 10/8/06)
1990 Mar, Namibia, the South African colony, gained independence.
(LVRJ, 11/1/97, p.20A)
1990 Mar, Following the Sudanese government's failure to make any move toward restoring democracy after the June 1989 military coup, the US government suspended all development assistance to Sudan under Section 513 of the Foreign Assistance Act, which mandates a cutoff in most U.S. aid to any nation where an elected government has been overthrown in a coup. However, food aid under P.L. 480 and humanitarian assistance are permitted to continue.
(www.hrw.org/reports/1992/WR92/AFW-09.htm)
1990 Apr 1, The US Federal Hourly Minimum Wage was set at $3.80 an hour.
(www.dol.gov/esa/minwage/chart.htm)
1990 Apr 1, CBS fired sportscaster Brent Musburger (b.1939).
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brent_Musburger)
1990 Apr 1, More Soviet military vehicles rolled through the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius, a day after Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev warned the Baltic republic to annul its declaration of independence.
(AP, 4/1/00)
1990 Apr 2, The University of Nevada at Las Vegas won the NCAA college basketball championship, defeating Duke 103-73.
(AP, 4/2/00)
1990 Apr 2, Saddam Hussein of Iraq threatened to hit Israel with binary chemical weapons.
(http://tinyurl.com/oz5my)
1990 Apr 2, In a conciliatory gesture, the president of Lithuania invited Kremlin officials to discuss the republic's secession drive.
(AP, 4/2/00)
1990 Apr 3, Sarah Vaughan (66), Jazz singer, died in suburban Los Angeles.
(AP, 4/3/00)
1990 Apr 3, A delegation from the rebellious republic of Lithuania met with an adviser to Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev.
(AP, 4/3/00)
1990 Apr 4, Secretary of State James Baker met in Washington with his Soviet counterpart, Eduard Shevardnadze, for three days of talks on the Lithuanian crisis and arms control.
(AP, 4/4/00)
1990 Apr 4, Security law violator Ivan Boesky was released from federal custody.
(http://www3.cnn.com/almanac/9804/04/)
1990 Apr 5, It was announced that President Bush and Soviet President Gorbachev would hold their first full-scale summit in the United States.
(AP, 4/5/00)
1990 Apr 5, Paul Newman won a court victory over Julius Gold to keep giving all profits from Newman foods to charity.
(http://openweb.tvnews.vanderbilt.edu/1990-4/1990-04-05-CBS-15.html)
1990 Apr 6, Secretary of State James Baker and Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze concluded three days of talks in Washington, after which Shevardnadze handed President Bush a letter from Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev.
(AP, 4/6/00)
1990 Apr 7, A display of Robert Mapplethorpe photographs opened at Cincinnati's Contemporary Arts Center, the same day the center and its director were indicted on obscenity charges. Both were later acquitted.
(AP, 4/7/00)
1990 Apr 7, Former national security adviser John M. Poindexter was convicted of five counts at his Iran-Contra trial. However, a federal appeals court later reversed the convictions.
(HN, 4/7/97)(AP, 4/7/00)
1990 Apr 7, In Myanmar a double-decker ferry sank in Gyaing River during a storm and 215 people were believed drowned.
(www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0005329.html)
1990 Apr 7, An arson fire aboard a ferry enroute from Norway to Denmark killed 159 people.
(AP, 4/7/00)(AP, 1/14/12)
1990 Apr 8, The cult series Twin Peaks, an American television serial drama created by Mark Frost and David Lynch, premiered on ABC TV. It ran until Apr 18, 1991.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_Peaks)(SFC, 2/19/96, zz-1 p.3)(AP, 4/8/00)
1990 Apr 8, Ryan White (18), the teen-age AIDS patient whose battle for acceptance gained national attention, died in Indianapolis. The Ryan White Foundation was established for AIDS education programs after his death and it closed its doors due to dwindling funds in 1999.
(AP, 4/8/97)(SFC, 10/19/99, p.A3)
1990 Apr 8, A global conference of the Prague-based International Romani Union, a coalition of organizations working to ease the plight of Gypsies, designated this day as International Day of Roma.
(AP, 4/8/06)
1990 Apr 9, The baseball season opened a week late because of a labor dispute.
(AP, 4/9/00)
1990 Apr 9, Humorist John Henry Faulk, who challenged his blacklisting in the entertainment industry in the 1950s, died in Austin, Texas, at age 76.
(AP, 4/9/00)
1990 Apr 10, San Francisco’s Board of Supervisors approved reducing the city’s curfew laws. Minors under 14 will be banned from public places between midnight and 5am. The old law included minors under 18 from 11pm to 6am.
(SSFC, 4/5/15, DB p.42)
1990 Apr 10, H.J. Heinz said it would not sell tuna caught in nets that also trap dolphins.
(http://tinyurl.com/kj7mq)
1990 Apr 10, Three European hostages -- a French woman, a Belgian man and their two-year-old daughter, who was born in captivity -- were released in Lebanon by the Abu Nidal Palestinian guerrilla group following an appeal by Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi.
(AP, 4/10/00)
1990 Apr 10, Teddy Wang Tei-huei (57), Hong Kong real estate tycoon, was kidnapped for a 2nd time. Abductors demanded $60 million. His wife Nina Wang paid a $34 million installment, but it was too late. His body was never found. Wang was declared legally dead in 1999.
(WSJ, 10/20/99, p.A23)(Econ, 7/3/04, p.52)
1990 Apr 11, Funeral services were held in Indianapolis for AIDS patient Ryan White, who had died three days earlier at age 18. Among the 1,500 mourners were first lady Barbara Bush and singers Elton John and Michael Jackson.
(AP, 4/11/00)
1990 Apr 11, Konstantinos Mitsotakis (b.1918) of the New Democracy party became prime minister of Greece with one vote from an independently elected member of the parliament. He held office to October 13, 1993.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Mitsotakis)(Econ, 12/3/16, p.43)
1990 Apr 12, Greyhound Bus hired new drivers to replace strikers.
(www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi?askmonth=04&askday=12)
1990 Apr 12, James Brown (b.1933) was moved to the lower Savannah Work Center in Aiken County, SC, after serving 15 months.
(www.epinions.com/content_3372720260)
1990 Apr 12, In its first meeting, East Germany's first democratically elected parliament acknowledged responsibility for the Nazi Holocaust, and asked the forgiveness of Jews and others who had suffered.
(AP, 4/12/00)
1990 Apr 13, The Soviet Union accepted responsibility for the World War II murders of thousands of imprisoned Polish officers in the Katyn Forest, a massacre the Soviets had previously blamed on the Nazis.
(AP, 4/13/97)
1990 Apr 14, The hip-hop group Salt-N-Pepa hit the top #40 on the pop singles chart with "Expression."
(www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1990/04-14.htm)
1990 Apr 14, Lithuanian officials, facing a Kremlin deadline to back away from their declaration of independence, acknowledged that an economic blockade threatened by Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev could result in huge layoffs.
(AP, 4/14/00)
1990 Apr 15, Actress Greta Garbo died in New York City at age 84. In 1997 Karen Swenson authored "Greta Garbo: A Life Apart." In 2000 the Rosenbach Museum in Philadelphia opened 55 letters written by Garbo to her lesbian friend Mercedes de Acosta (d.1968) between 1931-1959. Acosta was a Spanish aristocrat turned Hollywood screenwriter.
(AP, 4/15/97)(SFEC, 4/16/00, p.A5)
1990 Apr 16, The US Supreme Court rejected appeals by Dalton Prejean, a nearly retarded man, who was condemned to die for the 1977 murder of a Louisiana state trooper. Prejean was executed the following month.
(AP, 4/16/00)
1990 Apr 16, The US Supreme Court let stand a ban on school dances in the Bible Belt town of Purdy, Mo.
(AP, 4/16/00)
1990 Apr 16, In San Francisco some 950 shops and restaurants in Chinatown shut down in protest over Mayor Art Agnos’ proposal to demolish the embarcadero Freeway.
(SSFC, 4/12/15, DB p.42)
1990 Apr 17, President Bush warned the Soviet Union against carrying out an economic blockade of Lithuania, hinting at "appropriate responses."
(AP, 4/17/00)
1990 Apr 17, The US Supreme Court in Employment Division v Smith said two members of a native American church had no First Amendment right to unemployment compensation after being fired for ingesting peyote as part of their religious observance.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employment_Division_v._Smith)(Econ, 7/9/16, p.24)
1990 Apr 17, The Rev. Ralph D. Abernathy, the civil rights activist and top aide to Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., died in Atlanta at age 64.
(AP, 4/17/00)
1990 Apr 18, The US Supreme Court ruled that states may make it a crime to possess or look at child pornography, even in one's home.
(AP, 4/18/00)
1990 Apr 18, Bankruptcy court forced Frank Lorenzo (b.1940) to give up Eastern Airlines.
(www.airlinesafety.com/Unions/UnionVictoryAtEastern.htm)
1990 Apr 18, A Franco-German proposal was made at the Dublin summit for the political union of the 12 European Community member countries.
(www.unesco.org/mitterrand/anglais/ieuroues.htm)(http://tinyurl.com/36pexa)
1990 Apr 18, The Soviet Union shut off a pipeline that supplied the rebellious republic of Lithuania with crude oil; a day later, the Soviets severely reduced the flow of natural gas.
(AP, 4/18/00)
1990 Apr 19, Nicaragua's nine-year-old civil war appeared near an end as Contra guerrillas, leftist Sandinistas and the incoming government agreed to a truce and a deadline for the rebels to disarm.
(AP, 4/19/00)
1990 Apr 20, Former junk bond financier Michael Milken agreed to plead guilty to six felonies and pay $600 million in penalties to settle the largest securities fraud case in history.
(AP, 4/20/00)
1990 Apr 20, Pete Rose pleaded guilty to two felony counts of filing false income tax returns.
(http://reds.enquirer.com/2004/01/06/red1timeline.html)
1990 Apr 21, Bob Engel, a National League umpire was arrested in Bakersfield, Ca., for stealing baseball cards.
(http://tinyurl.com/qfma3)
1990 Apr 21, Pope John Paul II was greeted by hundreds of thousands of people as he visited Czechoslovakia to help celebrate the nation's peaceful overthrow of communist rule.
(AP, 4/21/00)
1990 Apr 22, Pro-Iranian kidnappers in Lebanon freed American hostage Robert Polhill after nearly 39 months of captivity.
(AP, 4/22/00)
1990 Apr 22, Millions of Americans joined in a worldwide 20th anniversary celebration of the first Earth Day. Harriett Burgess (d.2010 at 73) founded the San Francisco based American Land Conservatory to shelter land from development in all parts of the country.
(AP, 4/22/00)(SFC, 5/8/10, p.C4)
1990 Apr 23, Pres. George H. W. Bush signed the Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990. It required the Attorney General to collect data on crimes committed because of the victim's race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnicity. The bill was the first federal statute to "recognize and name gay, lesbian and bisexual people."
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hate_Crime_Statistics_Act)(Econ, 12/10/16, p.33)
1990 Apr 23, Freed American hostage Robert Polhill, released in Lebanon the day before, enjoyed his first full day of freedom in nearly 39 months at the U.S. Air Force hospital in Wiesbaden, West Germany.
(AP, 4/23/00)
1990 Apr 24, Security law violator Michael Milken pleaded guilty to 6 felonies.
(www.johnreedstark.com/ClassMaterials/LitigationReleases/Milken1991.htm)
1990 Apr 24, The space shuttle Discovery blasted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla., carrying the $1.5 billion Hubble Space Telescope. It cost $2 billion. The orbital period of the telescope was 97 Minutes. In 2008 Robert Zimmerman authored “The Universe in a Mirror: The Saga of the Hubble Space Telescope and the Visionaries Who Built It."
(AP, 4/24/97)(NG, 1/’94, p.23)(WSJ, 2/14/97, p.A1)(SFC, 3/21/98, p.E3)(WSJ, 6/16/08, p.A13)
1990 Apr 24, West and East Germany agreed to merge currency and economies on July 1.
(www.mofa.go.jp/policy/other/bluebook/1990/1990-3-3.htm)
1990 Apr 25, In the 25th Academy of Country Music Awards Clint Black and Kathy Mattea won.
(SS, 4/25/02)
1990 Apr 25, The Hubble Space Telescope was deployed from the space shuttle "Discovery."
(AP, 4/25/00)
1990 Apr 25, Dexter Gordon (67), jazz saxophonist, died in Philadelphia.
(SS, 4/25/02)
1990 Apr 25, Violeta Barrios de Chamorro was inaugurated as president of Nicaragua for a six year term, ending 11 years of leftist Sandinista rule.
(AP, 4/25/97)(HN, 4/25/98)
1990 Apr 26, In Colombia Carlos Pizarro (b.1951), a former M-19 rebel leader and presidential candidate was killed when an assailant opened fire with a machine gun inside a crowded airliner in midflight. In 2001 fugitive Carlos Castrano said he organized the killing because Pizarro had links to a drug lord. In 2014 his remains and those of his assailant were dug up to see whether bodyguards assigned by the state to protect the politician also had a hand in his murder.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Pizarro_Leong%C3%B3mez)(WSJ, 12/4/01, p.A1)(AP, 11/26/14)
1990 Apr 26, Israeli PM Yitzhak Shamir, leader of the right-wing Likud bloc, was chosen to form a new government after Labor Party leader Shimon Peres failed to form a coalition.
(AP, 4/26/00)
1990 Apr 27, The aperture door of the Hubble Space Telescope was opened by ground controllers as the space shuttle Discovery, which had carried the Hubble into orbit, prepared to return home.
(AP, 4/27/00)
1990 Apr 28, Anti-abortion demonstrators marched in Washington D.C.; authorities put the number of protesters at 200,000, but organizers claimed a turnout of about 700,000.
(AP, 4/28/00)
1990 Apr 29, The space shuttle Discovery landed safely at Edwards Air Force Base in California after a mission which included deploying the Hubble Space Telescope.
(AP, 4/29/00)
1990 Apr 30, Hostage Frank Reed was released by his captives in Lebanon, the second American freed in eight days.
(AP, 4/30/00)
1990 Apr, In California Glenn Payne was arrested in San Jose after a 2-year-old, who lived across the street, was asleep on a walkway a block away with her cloths torn and covered with debris. She told police a man who lived nearby had hurt her. In 1991 Payne was sentenced to 27 years in prison, but maintained his innocence. He was released in 2005 after more than 13 years in prison. In 2017 a hair analyst recanted his testimony against Payne saying it was based on an unreliable study. On Jan. 26, 2018, Payne’s conviction was overturned, and his criminal record was cleared.
(SFC, 1/27/18, p.A1)
1990 Apr, Jamba Juice was founded by Kirk Perron, Joe Vergara, Kevin Peters, and Linda Ozawa Olds as a single Juice Club in San Luis Obispo, Ca.
(SSFC, 12/12/10, p.F1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamba_Juice)
1990 Apr, Argentina’s Congress under Pres. Carlos Menem added 4 new seats to the 5-member Supreme Court.
(Econ, 10/8/05, p.46)
1990 Apr, In Japan the Aum Shinri Kyo cult sent three trucks into central Tokyo to spray poisonous botulin mists. The convoy then attacked US bases at Yokohama and Yokosuka. The botulin did not work and the cult turned to use anthrax.
(SFC, 5/27/98, p.A12)
1990 Apr, A pro-independence coalition won in Slovenia.
(SFC, 6/11/96, p.A14)
1990 May 1, In Hampton, NH, William Flynn (16) and a friend shot and killed Gregory Smart (b.1965), the husband of Pamela Smart (23) with whom Flynn was having an affair. Flynn was sentenced 28 years to life. Smart had enlisted Flynn to kill her husband and was sentenced to life in prison. On June 4, 2015 Flynn was released from prison. Patrick Randall, who had held a knife to Gregg Smart’s throat, was also released on parole.
(www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=7090228)(SFC, 6/5/15, p.A11)
1990 May 1, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev and other Kremlin leaders were jeered by thousands of people during the annual May Day parade in Red Square.
(AP, 5/1/00)
1990 May 2, David Rappaport (38), British 3'11' actor (Wizard, LA Law), committed suicide by gunshot in California.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0710884/)
1990 May 2, The government of South Africa and the African National Congress opened their first formal talks aimed at paving the way for more substantive negotiations on dismantling apartheid.
(AP, 5/2/00)
1990 May 3, The US federal government approved the use of the drug AZT to treat children infected with the AIDS virus.
(AP, 5/3/00)
1990 May 4, Latvia's parliament voted 138-0 (1 abstention) for Independence. The Russophone Ravnopraviye (Equal Rights Movement) boycotted this resolution by walking out of parliament.
(http://countrystudies.us/latvia/20.htm)
1990 May 4, The South African government and the African National Congress concluded historic talks in Cape Town with a joint statement agreeing on a "common commitment toward the resolution of the existing climate of violence."
(AP, 5/4/00)
1990 May 5, "Unbridled" won the 116th running of the Kentucky Derby.
(AP, 5/5/00)
1990 May 5, Five people were killed as 3 small fishing boats capsized in the Strait of Juan De Fuca, along the northwest int’l. border between the US and Canada.
(SFC, 5/5/09, p.D8)
1990 May 6, Freed American hostage Frank Reed said at a news conference in Arlington, Va., that he had been savagely beaten by his captors in Lebanon after two unsuccessful escape attempts.
(AP, 5/6/00)
1990 May 6, Former president P.W. Botha quit South Africa's ruling National Party as a protest against the apartheid reform program of his successor F.W. de Klerk.
(www.cnn.com/almanac/9805/06/)
1990 May 7, The White House put aside President Bush's pledge of no new taxes, saying talks to strike a budget deal with Congress would have "no preconditions."
(AP, 5/7/00)
1990 May 8, One crewman was killed, 18 others injured in a fire aboard the guided-missile destroyer USS Conyngham in the Atlantic, about 100 miles southeast of Norfolk, Va.
(AP, 5/8/00)
1990 May 8, NY Newsday reporter Jimmy Breslin was suspended for a racial slur.
(http://www.totse.com/en/ego/literary_genius/yuh.html)
1990 May 9, President Bush and congressional leaders announced plans for emergency budget talks, with tax increases and spending cuts on the negotiating table.
(AP, 5/9/00)
1990 May 9, A major cyclone made landfall on Andhra Pradesh, India. It dissipated 2 days later over central India. Strong flooding caused 510 human fatalities, but the effect on agriculture was substantial. More than 100,000 animals were killed,
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990-1994_North_Indian_Ocean_cyclone_seasons)
1990 May 10, The government of China announced the release of 211 dissidents who had been involved in pro-democracy demonstrations a year earlier.
(AP, 5/10/00)
1990 May 10, Walker Percy (b.1916), Mississippi-raised physician, novelist (Lancelot), died of cancer in Covington, Louisiana. His book "The Moviegoer" was the 1962 winner of the National Book Award." His last book, The Thanatos Syndrome, appeared in 1987.
(www.olemiss.edu/depts/english/ms-writers/dir/percy_walker/)(WSJ, 3/26/03, p.D8)
1990 May 11, President Bush, on a two-day trip of college commencement speeches, told reporters aboard Air Force One that there were "no conditions" going into a budget summit with Congress.
(AP, 5/11/00)
1990 May 11, The center fuel tank of Philippine Air Lines B737-300 exploded as the plane pushed back from the gate and 8 people were killed.
(WSJ, 6/26/08, p.A12)
1990 May 12, The tune "Sending All My Love" by Linear reached #8 on the pop singles chart.
(www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1990/05-12.htm)
1990 May 12, The presidents of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania forged a united front by reviving a 1934 political alliance in hopes of enhancing their drive for independence from the Soviet Union.
(AP, 5/12/00)
1990 May 13, Thomas Walker was shot to death at his home in Hacienda Heights, Los Angeles County. In 1991 his wife Hudie Joyce Walker was convicted of 2nd degree murder and sentenced 19 years to life in jail. In 2007 she was granted a new trial due to issues involving battered women’s syndrome.
(SFC, 2/8/07, p.B2)
1990 May 14, In separate decrees, Soviet President Gorbachev declared that the republics of Estonia and Latvia had no legal basis for moving toward independence.
(AP, 5/14/00)
1990 May 15, Congressional leaders and Bush administration officials began a bipartisan summit on the fiscal 1991 budget and its deficit.
(AP, 5/15/00)
1990 May 15, The "Portrait of Doctor Gachet" (1890) by Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890) sold for $82.5 million to Ryoei Saito, Japan's second-largest paper manufacturer.
(www.vggallery.com/painting/p_0753.htm)
1990 May 16, Sammy Davis Jr. (64), entertainer, died in Los Angeles. Davis owed the IRS $5 million at his death. A settlement was later reached for $300,000. In 2003 Wil Haygood authored "In Black and White: The Life of Sammy Davis, Jr."
(AP, 5/16/00)(SSFC, 1/21/01, Par p.2)(WSJ, 11/7/03, p.W9)
1990 May 16, Jim Henson (53), "Muppets" creator, died in NYC. In 2013 Brian Jay Jones authored “Jim Henson: The Biography."
(AP, 5/16/00)(www.imdb.com/name/nm0001345/)(SSFC, 10/20/12, p.F5)
1990 May 17, The effective date for pension rights for both men and women as ruled by a European court in 1994.
(www.opas.org.uk/PensionRights/EqualTreatment/equalTreatment.htm)
1990 May 17, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev met in Moscow with Lithuanian Prime Minister Kazimiera Prunskiene, Gorbachev's first face-to-face meeting with a senior official of the defiant Baltic republics.
(AP, 5/17/00)
1990 May 18, The TV movie "Return To Green Acres" aired.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1990 May 18, In the face of heated student protests, the trustees of all-women Mills College in Oakland, Ca., voted to rescind their earlier decision to admit men.
(AP, 5/18/00)
1990 May 18, Jill Ireland (54), actress (Carry on Nurse, Family), died of cancer.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1990 May 18, East and West Germany signed a monetary union treaty.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1990 May 18, The French TGV-train hit record speed of 515.3 kph.
(www.netfundu.com/geography/aworld/france.htm)
1990 May 19, The tune "Vogue" by Madonna peaked at #1 on the pop singles chart.
(www.onmc.iinet.net.au/top/1990.htm)
1990 May 19, Summer Squall won the Preakness Stakes.
(www.lanesendstakes.com/milestones.html)
1990 May 19, Secretary of State James A. Baker III concluded an agreement with the Soviet Union to destroy chemical weapons and settle longstanding disputes over limits on nuclear-tipped cruise missiles.
(AP, 5/19/00)
1990 May 20, In Massachusetts the body of Cheryl Kosilek (35) was found in her car at a North Attleborough shopping mall. Robert Kosilek (41) was convicted of her murder in 1993 and while in prison demanded that the state of Massachusetts provide him or her with a sex-change operation.
(SFC, 11/24/09, p.A9)(www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-8176530.html)
1990 May 20, The Hubble Space Telescope sent back its first photographs.
(AP, 5/20/00)
1990 May 20, An Israeli opened fire on a group of Palestinian laborers south of Tel Aviv, killing seven; the gunman was sentenced to life in prison.
(AP, 5/20/00)
1990 May 20, Romania's ruling National Salvation Front scored victories in the country's first free elections in more than 50 years.
(AP, 5/20/00)
1990 May 21, Israeli soldiers shot and killed three Palestinians in violence sparked by the slayings of seven Palestinians by an Israeli civilian a day earlier.
(AP, 5/21/00)
1990 May 22, Microsoft released Windows 3.0.
(www.guidebookgallery.org/guis/windows/win30)
1990 May 22, Boxer Rocky Graziano died in New York at age 71.
(AP, 5/22/00)
1990 May 22, After years of conflict, pro-Western North Yemen and pro-Soviet South Yemen merged to form the Republic of Yemen. The North was conservative and the South was socialist. This day became an annual National Day holiday.
(WSJ, 3/28/97, p.A1)(AP, 5/22/98)(AFP, 5/23/12)
1990 May 23, Clinton’s campaign for a 5th term as governor of Arkansas received a $60,000 loan from the Perry County Bank. More cash was requested a few days later.
(SFC, 6/28/96, p.A7)
1990 May 23, Neil Bush, son of the president, denied any wrongdoing as a director of a failed Denver savings-and-loan in testimony before Congress. The cost of rescuing US savings & loan failures was put at up to $130 billion.
(AP, 5/23/00)(www.mof.go.jp/english/f_review/fr51e.htm)
1990 May 23, The Soviet Union unveiled an economic-reform program that included plans for a national referendum.
(AP, 5/23/00)
1990 May 24, Darryl Cherney and Judi Bari (11/7/49-3/2/97), environmental activists in the Earth First! movement, were injured after a pipe bomb exploded in their car as they drove through Oakland, Ca. They were arrested while in the hospital on charges of transporting a bomb but the charges were never filed. They later filed a suit against the FBI and Oakland police for false arrest, illegal search and seizure and conspiracy to violate free-speech rights. Bari died of liver cancer in 1997. In 2002 a jury awarded $2.9 million to Bari’s estate and $1.5 million to Cherney saying the FBI had framed them as eco-terrorists. In 2004 the government settled civil suits for $2 million. In 2004 Kate Coleman authored “The Secret Wars of Judi Bari."
(SFC,10/21/97, p.A20)(SFC, 6/12/02, p.A1)(SFC, 4/23/04, p.B1)(SFC, 1/18/05, p.D1)
1990 May 24, The Edmonton Oilers won their fifth Stanley Cup as they defeated the Boston Bruins, four games to one.
(AP, 5/24/00)
1990 May 25, A congressional report cast doubts on the US Navy’s official finding that a troubled sailor probably had caused the blast that killed 47 servicemen aboard the battleship USS "Iowa."
(AP, 5/25/00)
1990 May 25, Vic Tayback (60), actor (Mel-Alice), died of a heart attack.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0851861/)
1990 May 26, Soviet maverick politician Boris N. Yeltsin failed in a second round of voting to win the presidency of the Russian Federation. He succeeded in a third round of balloting three days later.
(AP, 5/26/00)
1990 May 27, The political opposition of Burma (Myanmar) scored a victory in the country’s first free, multiparty elections in three decades. The military rulers allowed democratic elections but ignored the results when the National League of Aung San Suu Kyi won 392 of 485 contested seats.
(SFC, 5/25/96, p.A12)(AP, 5/27/00)
1990 May 27, Cesar Gaviria Trujillo was elected president of Colombia. Luis Carlos Galan, Colombia presidential candidate, had been shot and killed while campaigning south of Bogota. He was so far ahead in the polls for the presidential elections that he was virtually assured of victory. His campaign manager, Cesar Gaviria, ran in his place after the attack and was elected president. Immediately after Galan's assassination, the president at the time, Virgilio Barco, retaliated by reinstating extraditions.
(AP, 5/27/00)(AP, 5/13/05)
1990 May 27, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev tried to calm his nation’s economic nerves with a hastily scheduled television address. The radical Democratic Party held its 1st political meetings in Moscow.
(AP, 5/27/00)
1990 May 28, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein opened a two-day Arab League summit in Baghdad with a keynote address in which he said if Israel were to deploy nuclear or chemical weapons against Arabs, Iraq would respond with "weapons of mass destruction."
(AP, 5/28/00)
1990 May 29, Dow Jones average hits a record 2,870.49.
(SC, 5/29/02)
1990 May 29, Boris N. Yeltsin was elected president of the Russian republic in the third round of balloting by the Russian parliament. This gave him a base from which to attack Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev.
(AP, 5/29/97)(HN, 5/29/99)
1990 May 29, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev visited Canada en route to his Washington summit with President Bush.
(AP, 5/29/00)
1990 May 29, Northern Peru was struck by an earthquake that claimed as many as 200 lives.
(www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/OCHA-64C3R8?OpenDocument)
1990 May 30, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev arrived in Washington for his summit with President Bush.
(AP, 5/30/00)
1990 May 31, Seinfeld, starring Jerry Seinfeld, debuted on NBC. [see July 5, 1989]
(www.geocities.com/r_stroup/seinepis.html)
1990 May 31, President Bush and his wife, Barbara, welcomed Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev in a ceremony on South Lawn of the White House. The two leaders and their aides then held talks on German reunification.
(AP, 5/31/00)
1990 May 31, In NYC the Zodiac killer shot a 3rd victim. Joseph Ponce died from his wound on June 24.
(http://karisable.com/skazzodiac.htm)
1990 May, In Croatia Franjo Tudjman led a party that advocated a Yugoslav confederation of sovereign states.
(SFC, 6/11/96, p.A14)
1990 May, In Hungary Gyula Horn became president of the Socialist Party, which he had helped shape out of the ruins of the former communist party. The party had just been soundly defeated in the first democratic elections in over four decades.
(AP, 6/20/13)
1990 Jun 1, President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev signed more than a dozen bilateral accords in the second day of their Washington summit. Meanwhile, Barbara Bush and Raisa Gorbachev traveled to Wellesley College in Massachusetts to deliver commencement addresses.
(AP, 6/1/00)
1990 Jun 1, E! Entertainment Television was launched.
(http://tinyurl.com/jwhwu)
1990 Jun 1, The Dow Jones Avg. hit a record high of 2,900.97.
(DTnet, 6/1/97)
1990 Jun 2, On the third day of their Washington summit, President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev held informal talks at the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland.
(AP, 6/2/00)
1990 Jun 2, Jack Gilford (b.1908), comedic actor (Cocoon II), died of stomach cancer.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0318527/)
1990 Jun 2, Sir Rex Harrison (82), actor (My Fair Lady), died in New York.
(AP, 6/2/00)
1990 Jun 2, Frederick Mellinger (76), founder of Fredericks of Hollywood, died.
(www.deadoraliveinfo.com/dead.nsf/mnames-nf/Mellinger+Frederick)
1990 Jun 3, President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev concluded their Washington summit with a joint news conference at the White House. During their 4-day meeting they sealed agreements to slash long-range nuclear weapons, halt production of chemical weapons and lift trade barriers. Gorbachev and his delegation then flew to Minnesota for a whirlwind tour of Minneapolis-St. Paul.
(AP, 6/3/00)(SSFC, 12/2/18, p.A13)
1990 Jun 3, "City of Angels" won Best Musical and "The Grapes of Wrath" won Best Play at the 44th Tony Awards.
(AP, 6/3/00)
1990 Jun 3, Robert Noyce (b.1927), co-inventor of the integrated circuit, co-founder and 1st CEO of Intel Corp. (1968), died at age 62. In 2005 Leslie Berlin authored “The Man Behind the Microchip: Robert Noyce and the Invention of Silicon Valley.
(www.ieee.org/organizations/history_center/legacies/noyce.html)(SSFC, 7/10/05, p.E1)
1990 Jun 4, Janet Adkins (54) of Portland, Ore., became the first person to use a suicide machine developed by Dr. Kevorkian. This began a national debate over the right to die.
(SFC, 4/14/99, p.A3)(www.lectlaw.com/files/cas20.htm)
1990 Jun 4, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev closed out his US visit in northern California, where he held a reunion with former President Reagan and met with South Korean President Roh Tae-woo in San Francisco, and addressed students at Stanford University in Palo Alto.
(AP, 6/4/00)
1990 Jun 5, Authorities in Oakland County, Michigan, moved to prevent Dr. Jack Kevorkian from continuing to make available a suicide device that Janet Adkins, an Oregon woman diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, had used a day earlier to take her own life.
(AP, 6/5/00)
1990 Jun 5, In South Africa a representative from the Legal Resources Centre (LRC) in Durban met with the Commissioner of the SAP (South African Police) to call for a change in the "cultural weapons" policy.
(www.hrw.org/reports/1991/southafrica1/6.htm)
1990 Jun 5, Vasily V. Kuznetsov (b.1901), president of USSR supreme soviet (1982-83, 85), died in Moscow.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasily_Kuznetsov)
1990 Jun 6, A federal judge in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, declared the 2 Live Crew album "As Nasty As They Wanna Be" to be obscene. The decision was later overturned on appeal.
(AP, 6/6/00)
1990 Jun 7, Barbara Baxley (b.1923), actress (Norma Rae), died of a heart attack in NYC.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0062642/)
1990 Jun 7, South African President F.W. de Klerk announced he was lifting a four-year-old state of emergency in three of the country’s four provinces, with the exception of Natal.
(AP, 6/7/00)
1990 Jun 8, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir announced he had succeeded in forming a new right-wing coalition government, ending a three-month-old political crisis.
(AP, 6/8/00)
1990 Jun 9, "Go and Go" won the 122nd running of the Belmont Stakes.
(AP, 6/9/00)
1990 Jun 10, Alberto Fujimori was elected president of Peru by a narrow margin over novelist Mario Vargos Llosa.
(AP, 6/10/00)
1990 Jun 10, Two members of the rap group 2 Live Crew were arrested in Hollywood, Florida. They and a third band member were acquitted of obscenity charges October 20th.
(AP, 6/10/00)
1990 Jun 11, A federal judge sentenced former national security adviser John M. Poindexter to six months in prison for making false statements to Congress about the Iran-Contra affair. However, Poindexter’s convictions were later overturned.
(AP, 6/11/00)
1990 Jun 11, The US Supreme Court struck down a federal law prohibiting desecration of the American flag.
(AP, 6/11/00)
1990 Jun 11, The UN appoints Olivia Newton-John as its 1st Goodwill Ambassador to the Environment.
(http://hometown.aol.com/author31/discov.htm)
1990 Jun 12, In a speech to the Supreme Soviet legislature, President Mikhail S. Gorbachev eased his objection to a reunified Germany holding membership in NATO.
(AP, 6/12/00)
1990 Jun 12, Boris Yeltsin led a vote at the Congress of Peoples Deputies on a "declaration of Sovereignty for Russia." Russia Day became a national holiday honoring this day, when Russian lawmakers decided that Russian laws should take priority over Soviet Union laws.
(SFC, 6/10/96, p.A16)(AP, 6/12/12)
1990 Jun 13, Secretary of State James A. Baker the Third, testifying before the House Foreign Affairs Committee, urged Israel to accept a US plan for peace talks. Baker gave out the telephone number for the White House switchboard, telling the Israelis publicly, "When you’re serious about this, call us."
(AP, 6/13/00)
1990 Jun 13, East German border guards and demolition experts from the Bundeswehr started the official demolition of the Berlin Wall.
(www.everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=26512)
1990 Jun 14, The US Supreme Court upheld, by a six-to-three vote, police checkpoints that examine drivers for signs of intoxication.
(AP, 6/14/00)
1990 Jun 15, Real estate mogul Donald Trump missed a payment due on junk bonds used to finance one of his Atlantic City, New Jersey, resorts.
(AP, 6/15/00)
1990 Jun 15, The Dublin regime was established by the Dublin Convention and signed in Dublin, Ireland. It first came into force on 1 September 1997. The EU’s Dublin Rule said that people applying for asylum in an EU country other than the one they first entered should be returned to that first country.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dublin_Regulation)(Econ, 9/12/15, p.25)
1990 Jun 16, A crowd in the Netherlands welcomed African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela, who thanked them for staunch Dutch support for the anti-apartheid movement.
(AP, 6/16/00)
1990 Jun 17, South African black nationalist Nelson Mandela and his wife, Winnie, arrived in Ottawa, Canada, en route to an eleven-day tour of the United States.
(AP, 6/17/00)
1990 Jun 18, James Edward Pough went on a shooting rampage at an auto-financing company office in Jacksonville, Florida, after his car was repossessed. He fatally wounded 8 people before killing himself.
(AP, 6/18/00)(SSFC, 8/8/04, p.A7)
1990 Jun 19, Opening statements were presented in the drug and perjury trial of Washington DC Mayor Marion S. Barry Junior. Barry was later convicted of a single count of misdemeanor drug possession, and sentenced to six months in prison.
(AP, 6/19/00)
1990 Jun 19, NYC's Zodiac killer shot a 4th victim, Larry Parham, who survived.
(http://karisable.com/skazzodiac.htm)
1990 Jun 20, South African black nationalist Nelson Mandela and his wife, Winnie, arrived in New York City for a ticker-tape parade in their honor as they began an eight-city US tour.
(AP, 6/20/00)
1990 Jun 20, The Communist Initiative created its neoconservative Russian Communist Party. Among the founders were Gennady Zyuganov, Valentin Kuptsov, and Alexander Rutskoi. Gorbachev still ran the country.
(SFC, 6/10/96, p.A16)
1990 Jun 21, An estimated 50,000 Iranians were killed in a magnitude 7.3 to 7.7 earthquake. The earthquake killed some 35,000 people in Gilan and neighboring Zanjan province.
(SFC, 3/1/97, p.C1)(AP, 6/21/00)(AP, 6/22/02)
1990 Jun 22, George W. Bush, a director of Harken Energy Corp., a Texas oil company, sold 212,140 shares at $4 per share just before huge losses were reported. Corporate disclosure of the sale was filed months later.
(SFC, 7/4/02, p.A1)(SFC, 7/9/02, p.A12)(WSJ, 7/10/02, p.A8)
1990 Jun 22, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela addressed delegates at the United Nations, where he said victory for a democratic, non-racial South Africa was "within our grasp."
(AP, 6/22/00)
1990 Jun 23, The tune "That's The Way Of The World" by D'Mob with Cathy Dennis hit #1 on Billboard magazine’s Hot Dance Music/Club Play.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number-one_dance_hits_of_1990_(USA))
1990 Jun 23, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela received a tumultuous welcome in Boston as he continued his US tour.
(AP, 6/23/00)
1990 Jun 24, Health and Human Services Secretary Louis Sullivan was virtually drowned out by jeering demonstrators as he addressed the Sixth International AIDS conference in San Francisco.
(AP, 6/24/00)
1990 Jun 24, South African black nationalist Nelson Mandela arrived in Washington.
(AP, 6/24/00)
1990 Jun 25, The US Supreme Court ruled that family members cannot end the lives of comatose relatives unless those relatives previously made their wishes known.
(www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/iie/v4n2/)
1990 Jun 25, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela met with President Bush at the White House.
(AP, 6/25/00)
1990 Jun 26, President Bush, who’d campaigned for office on a pledge of "no new taxes," conceded that tax increases would have to be included in any deficit-reduction package worked out with congressional negotiators.
(AP, 6/26/00)
1990 Jun 26, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela addressed the U.S. Congress, asking for "material resources" to hasten the end of white-led rule.
(AP, 6/26/97)
1990 Jun 27, Jose Canseco signed a record $4,700,000 per year baseball contract with the Oakland A's.
(SC, 6/27/02)
1990 Jun 27, NASA announced that a flaw in the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope was preventing the instrument from achieving optimum focus.
(AP, 6/27/00)
1990 Jun 27, Salman Rushdie, condemned to death by Iran, contributed $8600 to help their earthquake victims.
(SC, 6/27/02)
1990 Jun 28, Jurors in the drug and perjury trial of Washington DC Mayor Marion S. Barry Jr. viewed a videotape showing Barry smoking crack cocaine during an FBI hotel-room sting operation. Barry was later convicted of a single count of misdemeanor drug possession.
(AP, 6/28/00)
1990 Jun 29, Fernando Valenzuela of the Los Angeles Dodgers and Dave Stewart of the Oakland A’s became the first pitchers to hurl no-hitters in both the National and American Leagues on the same day. Oakland shut out the Blue Jays, 5-to-0, while Los Angeles blanked the St. Louis Cardinals, 6-to-0.
(AP, 6/29/00)
1990 Jun 30, Harken Energy reported a $23 million 2nd quarter loss. George W. Bush was a director at Harken.
(SSFC, 7/28/02, p.A19)
1990 Jun 30, Mary Cobb (d.1998) allegedly witnessed Maurice Caldwell pump shotgun blasts into a car that resulted in one death and one serious injury at the Alemany Housing Project. The mother of 2 children later reported the killing to investigating police and identified Caldwell who was convicted and sentenced to 34 years in prison. Mary Cobb died of lupus as age 37. In 2010 a judge ordered the conviction of Caldwell set aside following a signed declaration by Maritte Funches that he and accomplice Henry Martin were responsible. In 2011 Caldwell was released after prosecutors learned that evidence in the case had been destroyed. In 2012 Caldwell filed a federal civil rights suit against San Francisco.
(SFC, 12/17/10, p.A1)(SFC, 3/26/11, p.C1)
1990 Jun 30, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela visited Oakland, California, a day after receiving a star-studded welcome in Los Angeles.
(AP, 6/30/00)
1990 Jun, The FTC launched a probe into possible collusion between Microsoft and IBM.
(Wired, 12/98, p.197)
1990 Jun, California voters passed Prop. 115 with a 57% majority vote allowing prosecutors access to public defense evidence before trial and eliminated defendant’s rights to a preliminary hearing after a grand jury.
(SFC, 10/2/14, p.D2)
1990 Jun, In Michigan Dr. Jack Kevorkian asked Janet Good (d.1997 at 73) if he could use her house for his first assisted suicide. She initially said ok but after conferring with her husband, a retired police officer, declined the request on the grounds that it might be illegal.
(SFC, 8/27/97, p.A9)
1990 Jun, At Cunningham Lake near Omaha a fisherman caught a 2-pound black piranha.
(NH, 8/96, p.66)
1990 Jun, In Bulgaria the former Communist Party, renamed the Socialist party, won parliamentary elections.
(SFC, 5/2/97, p.A14)
1990 Jun, Colombia’s Pres. Cesar Gaviria and FARC held peace talks in Venezuela.
(SFC, 1/8/99, p.A13)
1990 Jun, In Kyrgyzstan about 300 people were killed in a violent land dispute between Kyrgyz and Uzbeks in Osh, and only the quick deployment of Soviet troops quelled the fighting.
(SFC, 10/21/99, p.AA5)(AP, 6/13/10)(Econ, 6/19/10, p.27)
1990 Jun, In Romania antigovernment protests left 6 people dead. In 2015 former Pres. Ion Iliescu (85) faced charges for the deaths of 4 people, the shooting of three others and depriving 1,000 people of their freedom.
(SFC, 10/22/15, p.A6)
1990 Jun, In Romania miners, transported into Bucharest in government vehicles, destroyed hundreds of Interior Ministry files. Over 2 years well organized mobs of rural coal miners descended on Bucharest 4 times to knock the heads of student leaders, opposition politicians and others.
(SFC, 6/15/98, p.A11)
1990 Jul 1, East Germans lined up to obtain West German deutsche marks as a state treaty unifying the monetary and economic systems of the two Germanys went into effect.
(AP, 7/1/00)
1990 Jul 2, Some 1402 Muslim pilgrims were killed in a stampede inside a pedestrian tunnel leading to Mecca in Saudi Arabia. It was worst hajj tragedy of modern times.
(AP, 7/2/00)(AP, 2/1/04)
1990 Jul 2, The Soviet Union’s 28th Communist Party congress opened with an address by President Mikhail S. Gorbachev, who conceded mistakes while defending perestroika.
(AP, 7/2/00)
1990 Jul 3, In Moscow, Kremlin hard-liner Yegor K. Ligachev received an enthusiastic reception at a Communist Party congress as he criticized reforms by President Mikhail S. Gorbachev, saying perestroika had been marred by "limitless radicalism."
(AP, 7/3/00)
1990 Jul 3, Maurice Girodias (b.1919), French publisher, died.
(wwwa.britannica.com/eb/article-9000838?hook=170089)
1990 Jul 4, Rioting that left three people dead erupted in 30 English towns following England’s loss to West Germany in World Cup soccer.
(AP, 7/4/00)
1990 Jul 4, France performed nuclear test at Muruora Island.
(www.seismo.ethz.ch/bsv/nuclear_explosions/undergr/france.html)
1990 Jul 5, NATO leaders opened a two-day meeting in London to revise the alliance’s strategy in light of easing East-West tensions in Europe and the unraveling of the Warsaw Pact.
(AP, 7/5/00)
1990 Jul 6, NATO leaders concluded two days of meetings in London, pledging to sharply reduce both nuclear and conventional defenses in Europe.
(AP, 7/6/00)
1990 Jul 7, President Bush welcomed fellow leaders of the Group of Seven countries, who were gathering in Houston for their 16th annual economic summit.
(AP, 7/7/00)
1990 Jul 7, Martina Navratilova captured a record-breaking ninth women’s title at Wimbledon, outplaying Zina Garrison, 6-4, 6-1.
(AP, 7/7/00)
1990 Jul 8, Sweden’s Stefan Edberg beat Boris Becker of West Germany to capture his second men’s tennis championship at Wimbledon.
(AP, 7/8/00)
1990 Jul 8, West Germany won the World Cup soccer championship by defeating Argentina, 1-to-0.
(AP, 7/8/00)
1990 Jul 9, Leaders of the world’s seven richest nations opened a three-day economic summit in Houston, the first such gathering in the post-Cold War era.
(AP, 7/9/00)
1990 Jul 10, The American League shut out the National League, 2-to-0, in the 61st All-Star game.
(AP, 7/10/00)
1990 Jul 10, Mikhail S. Gorbachev handily won re-election as leader of the Soviet Communist Party.
(AP, 7/10/00)
1990 Jul 11, Leaders of the so-called "Group of Seven" nations concluded their summit in Houston by encouraging Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev to enact reforms in return for Western aid.
(AP, 7/11/00)
1990 Jul 12, CBS introduced the TV saga "Northern Exposure." The show ran to 1995. Margaret Phillips (d.2002) played general-store owner Ruth-Anne Miller.
(SFC, 7/5/96, p.D5)(WSJ, 7/15/96, p.A9)(SFC, 11/12/02, p.A26)
1990 Jul 12, Russian republic president Boris N. Yeltsin shocked the 28th congress of the Soviet Communist Party by announcing he was resigning his party membership.
(AP, 7/12/97)
1990 Jul 13, 2 Live Crew released "Banned in the USA."
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banned_in_the_USA)
1990 Jul 13, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev closed the Communist Party’s 28th congress by saying he would welcome Western aid without political strings.
(AP, 7/13/00)
1990 Jul 14, West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl arrived in Moscow for talks with Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev that were aimed at soothing Kremlin concerns about German unification.
(AP, 7/14/00)
1990 Jul 15, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev and visiting West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl held talks on the issue of a united Germany’s membership in NATO.
(AP, 7/15/00)
1990 Jul 15, East Germany opened its borders fully to Jews from the former Soviet republics.
(Econ, 5/7/05, p.48)
1990 Jul 15, Tens of thousands of people marched in Moscow to protest the Communist Party’s control of the government, the army and the KGB.
(AP, 7/15/00)
1990 Jul 16, NYC's Empire State Building caught fire, but there were no fatalities.
(www.nycfiremuseum.org/inner/history/5alarm.htm)
1990 Jul 16, A 7.7 earthquake in Philippines killed some 5,000 people.
(www.drj.com/drworld/content/w1_116.htm)
1990 Jul 16, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev and West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl announced that Moscow had agreed to drop its objection to a united Germany’s membership in NATO.
(AP, 7/16/00)
1990 Jul 16, The Ukraine Parliament approved a declaration of State Sovereignty. The people's deputies vote 339-5 to proclaim July 16 a national holiday.
(www.ukrweekly.com/Archive/2001/340119.shtml)
1990 Jul 17, The seven nations negotiating German unification reached agreement in Paris on Poland’s permanent border, clearing the way for the merger of East and West Germany.
(AP, 7/17/00)
1990 Jul 18, Dr. Karl Menninger, the dominant figure in American psychiatry for six decades, died in Topeka, Kansas, four days short of his 97th birthday.
(AP, 7/18/00)
1990 Jul 19, President Bush joined former presidents Ronald Reagan, Gerald R. Ford and Richard M. Nixon at ceremonies dedicating the Nixon Library and Birthplace in Yorba Linda, California.
(AP, 7/19/00)
1990 Jul 19, Baseball’s all-time hits leader Pete Rose was sentenced in Cincinnati to five months in prison for tax evasion.
(AP, 7/19/00)
1990 Jul 20, William J. Brennan (1906-1997), US Supreme Court Justice, one of the court’s most liberal voices, left office after serving over 33 years.
(AP, 7/20/00)(www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/legal_entity/90/)
1990 Jul 20, A federal appeals court set aside Oliver North’s Iran-Contra convictions, reversing one outright.
(AP, 7/20/00)
1990 Jul 21, A day after Supreme Court Justice William J. Brennan announced his retirement, President Bush convened a meeting with key administration officials to begin finding a replacement.
(AP, 7/21/00)
1990 Jul 22, American Greg Lemond won his third Tour de France title.
(AP, 7/22/00)
1990 Jul 22, Raymond Mawby (b.1922), a British ex-Conservative Party lawmaker, died. He had briefly served as a junior minister in the mid-1960s and had allegedly provided intelligence to spies working for Czechoslovakia, then a communist state, for a decade from around 1961 to 1971. In 2012 the British government said it would investigate claims that he had sold information to communist spies for a decade during the Cold War.
(AFP, 6/28/12)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Mawby)
1990 Jul 22, Voters in Mongolia began casting ballots in their Communist-ruled nation’s first multiparty election ever.
(AP, 7/22/00)
1990 Jul 23, President George H.W. Bush announced his choice of Judge David Souter of New Hampshire to succeed retiring Justice William J. Brennan on the US Supreme Court.
(AP, 7/23/00)
1990 Jul 23, As rebel forces closed in on presidential palace, Liberian President Samuel K. Doe refused to leave until the civil war was decided. Charles Taylor tried to take Monrovia in this year. He had begun the war in Liberia from the Ivory Coast in 1989.
(AP, 7/23/97)(SFC, 5/4/96, p.A-8)(SFC, 5/11/96, p.A-9)
1990 Jul 24, Iraq, accusing Kuwait of conspiring to harm its economy through oil overproduction, massed tens of thousands of troops and hundreds of tanks along the Iraqi-Kuwaiti border. US warships in Persian Gulf were placed on alert.
(AP, 7/24/00)
1990 Jul 25, Comedian Roseanne Barr sparked controversy with an off-key rendition of the "Star-Spangled Banner" during a double-header at Jack Murphy Stadium in San Diego.
(AP, 7/25/00)
1990 Jul 25, The US ambassador to Iraq, April Glaspie, met with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein to discuss Iraq’s economic dispute with Kuwait.
(AP, 7/25/00)
1990 Jul 25, The US Senate formally denounced Senator Dave Durenberger (Republican, Minnesota) for financial improprieties.
(AP, 7/25/00)
1990 Jul 26, US Congress passed and Pres. George Bush signed the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
(WSJ, 7/26/95, p.A-12)(SFEC, 5/25/97, p.C10)
1990 Jul 26, The US House of Representatives reprimanded Congressman Barney Frank, (Democrat, Massachusetts) for ethics violations.
(AP, 7/26/00)
1990 Jul 26, The US Centers for Disease Control reported that a young woman, later identified as Kimberly Bergalis, had been infected with the AIDS virus, apparently by her dentist.
(AP, 7/26/00)
1990 Jul 27, Louisiana Governor Buddy Roemer vetoed a tough abortion bill passed by his state’s legislature.
(AP, 7/27/00)
1990 Jul 27, A mistrial was declared in Raymond Buckey’s retrial on charges of molesting children at the McMartin Pre-School in California.
(AP, 7/27/00)
1990 Jul 27, Zsa Zsa Gabor began a 3 day jail sentence for slapping a cop in 1989.
(http://tinyurl.com/po8cd)
1990 Jul 27, In Trinidad Yasin Abu Bakr and 114 rebels set off a car bomb that gutted the police station in front of Parliament. They then stormed into the legislature, spraying bullets, and took the prime minister and his Cabinet hostage in a rebellion that killed 24 people.
(AP, 10/21/10)
1990 Jul 27, White Russia (Belarus) declared sovereignty.
(www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107325.html)
1990 Jul 28, A blackout hit Chicago.
(SC, 7/28/02)
1990 Jul 28, Political newcomer and upset winner Alberto Fujimori was sworn in as president of Peru.
(AP, 7/28/00)
1990 Jul 29, Bruno Kreisky, Austria’s longest-serving chancellor and an architect of its policy of neutrality, died at age 79.
(AP, 7/29/00)
1990 Jul 30, George Steinbrenner was forced by Commissioner Fay Vincent to resign as principal partner of NY Yankees.
(http://tinyurl.com/bjbgt)
1990 Jul 30, GM’s first Saturn car rolled off the line at Spring Hill, Tennessee. In the fall, GM introduced its all-new Saturn cars to compete against the imports in the small car market. Roger Smith, GM’s CEO, announced the secret Saturn project in 1985 in order to "leap-frog" the Japanese car makers.
(www.gm.com/company/corp_info/history/gmhis1990.html)
1990 Jul 30, British Conservative Party lawmaker Ian Gow was killed in a bombing claimed by the Irish Republican Army.
(AP, 7/30/00)
1990 Jul 30, In Monrovia, Liberia, soldiers opened fire on worshippers in church over 600 Gios and Manos were killed.
(www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/liberia/army.htm)
1990 Jul 31, Pitcher Nolan Ryan of the Texas Rangers became the 20th major leaguer to win 300 games as he led his team to victory over the Milwaukee Brewers 11-to-3.
(AP, 7/31/00)
1990 Jul 31, Shoal Creek, a private club in Birmingham, Alabama, that drew criticism for being all-white, announced it had accepted a black businessman as an honorary member.
(AP, 7/31/00)
1990 Jul 31, The Assembly of Bosnia-Herzegovina adopted constitutional amendments by which Bosnia-Herzegovina was declared a democratic state of equal citizens of the peoples of BH, Moslems, Serbs, Croats and others.
(www.balkan-archive.org.yu/politics/chronology/chron90.html)
1990 Jul, In Albania young people demonstrated against the regime in Tirana, 5,000 citizens sought refuge in foreign embassies. Delegates of the parliament of Kosova declared the independence of Kosova from Serbia. Subsequently Serbia abolished the parliament and government of Kosova, closed down the only Albanian daily, and took over the state-owned television and radio. The Albanians of Kosovo voted for sovereignty and elected a shadow government that was banned by Milosevic. In 1992 Ibrahim Rugova (1944-2006) was elected president and Fehmi Agani was the vice-president.
(SFC,12/10/97, p.C2)(www, Albania, 1998)(Econ, 1/28/06, p.84)
1990 Jul, A bomb blast in the eastern city of Lahore killed a woman and 3 men. Sarabjit Singh was later arrested, convicted and sentenced to death for the bombing. In 2005 his death sentence was upheld. Relatives said he is a farmer who crossed the border into Pakistan while drunk, and then was confused with a man named Manjit Singh, whom Pakistan blames for a series of bombings in Lahore. In 2012 President Asif Ali Zardari commuted the death sentence of Sarabjit Singh to life in prison, the equivalent of time served in this case.
(AFP, 9/27/05)(AP, 6/26/12)
1990 Jul, The Milosevic regime ordered the mass firing of ethnic Albanians from all civil service posts.
(SFEC, 6/27/99, p.A6)
1990 Aug 1, Robert Stempel took charge at GM.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)(http://tinyurl.com/q8mqs)
1990 Aug 1, Iraq pulled out of talks with Kuwait.
(www.milnet.com/gulfwar.htm)
1990 Aug 1, In Trinidad, dozens of Muslim militants surrendered and freed 42 hostages they had seized six days earlier in a failed bid to overthrow the government. Jamaat al Muslimeen, a Trinidadian radical Muslim group led by Yasin Abu Bakr (formerly Lennox Phillip), launched the unsuccessful rebellion that left 24 dead.
(AP, 8/1/00)(AP, 6/3/07)(Econ, 6/9/07, p.44)
1990 Aug 2, Norman Maclean (b.1902), writer and professor of English, died in Chicago. His books included "A River Runs Through It and Other Stories" (1976).
(RB, 1993)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Maclean)
1990 Aug 2, Iraq invaded Kuwait, seizing control of the oil-rich emirate. The day came to be known in Kuwait as "Black Thursday." 330 Kuwaitis died during the occupation and war. Sadam Hussein, leader of Iraq, took over Kuwait. US Pres. George H.W. Bush led an inter-national coalition for sanctions and a demand for withdrawal. The Iraqis were later driven out in Operation Desert Storm.
(SFC, 9/4/96, p.A8)(TMC, 1994, p.1990)(AP, 8/2/97)(SFEC, 7/30/00, p.C18)
1990 Aug 2, By a vote of 14-0, the United Nations Security Council condemned the invasion and annexation of Kuwait by Iraq and demanded in Resolution 660 the unconditional withdrawal of Iraqi troops from Kuwait.
(HNQ, 5/27/99)
1990 Aug 2, Yasser Arafat supported Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait. This resulted in the PLO’s isolation.
(SFC, 11/11/04, p.A18)
1990 Aug 3, US announced the commitment of Naval forces to Gulf regions.
(SC, 8/3/02)
1990 Aug 3, Radio Kuwait went off the air due to the Iraqi invasion.
(SC, 8/3/02)
1990 Aug 3, A day after Iraq invaded Kuwait, thousands of Iraqi soldiers pushed to within a few miles of the border with Saudi Arabia, heightening world concerns that the invasion could spread.
(AP, 8/3/00)
1990 Aug 4, In Armenia Levon Ter-Petrosyan (52) was elected Chairman of the Armenian Supreme Soviet.
(www.armeniapedia.org/index.php?title=Levon_Ter_Petrosian)
1990 Aug 4, The European Community imposed an embargo on imports of oil from Iraq and Kuwait to protest the Baghdad government’s invasion of its oil-rich neighbor.
(AP, 8/4/00)
1990 Aug 5, An angry President Bush again denounced the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, telling reporters, "This will not stand. This will not stand, this aggression against Kuwait."
(AP, 8/5/00)
1990 Aug 5, In Cairo the 19th Islamic Conference of foreign Ministers adopted the “Cairo Declaration," which laid out an alternative view of liberty. The member states of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) attached a rider that the application of all human rights should be subordinated to sharia law.
(Econ, 4/4/09, p.63)(www.religlaw.org/interdocs/docs/cairohrislam1990.htm)
1990 Aug 6, JonBenet Ramsey, little beauty queen, was born. She was murdered in 1996 at her home in Colorado.
(http://crime.about.com/od/unsolved/p/jonbenet_ramsey.htm)
1990 Aug 6, The UN Security Council (Resolution 651) ordered a worldwide embargo on trade with Iraq to punish the Baghdad regime for invading Kuwait.
(SFC, 9/4/96, p.A8)(NH, 9/96, p.14)(AP, 8/6/00)(SFC, 9/24/02, p.A12)
1990 Aug 6, Pakistan’s PM Benazir Bhutto was ousted after 20 months in office by Pres. Ghulam Ishaq Khan on charges of incompetence and corruption. An interim government was led by Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi. It was later estimated that $1.5 billion was received in bribes, kickbacks and commissions from a variety of enterprises.
(SFC, 11/5/96, p.A9)(SFC, 8/20/98, p.B10)
1990 Aug 7, President Bush ordered US troops and warplanes to Saudi Arabia to guard the oil-rich desert kingdom against a possible invasion by Iraq. The US Persian Gulf War began. Operation Desert Shield ended Feb 28, 1991. It cost $8.1 billion and left 383 US casualties with 458 wounded.
(AP, 8/7/99)(WSJ, 9/22/99, p.A8)
1990 Aug 7, The UN imposed sanctions on Iraq and devastated the economy.
(SFC, 9/4/96, p.A8)
1990 Aug 8, Pete Rose began a 5-month prison term at Marion (IL) Federal prison camp.
(www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/R/Rose_Pete.stm)
1990 Aug 8, As the Persian Gulf crisis deepened, American forces began taking up positions in Saudi Arabia; Iraq announced it had annexed Kuwait as its 19th province; President Bush warned Iraqi President Saddam Hussein that "a line has been drawn in the sand."
(AP, 8/8/00)
1990 Aug 9, A week after Iraq invaded Kuwait, Western European diplomats and Arab witnesses reported that Iraq had virtually sealed its borders, preventing thousands of foreigners from leaving Iraq or Kuwait.
(AP, 8/9/00)
1990 Aug 10, Washington DC Mayor Marion Barry was convicted of a single misdemeanor drug charge and acquitted on another; the judge declared a mistrial on 12 other counts.
(AP, 8/10/00)
1990 Aug 10, US's Magellan spacecraft landed on Venus.
(www2.jpl.nasa.gov/magellan/guide10.html)
1990 Aug 10, Martha Dodd (b.1908), US-born former spy, died in the Czech Rep. She and her husband spied for the Soviet Union against her native United States from before World War II until the height of the Cold War.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Dodd)
1990 Aug 11, Egyptian and Moroccan troops arrived in Saudi Arabia to join US forces in helping to protect the desert kingdom from possible Iraqi attack.
(AP, 8/11/00)
1990 Aug 12, Air Force Staff Sergeant John Campisi of West Covina, California, died after being hit by a military truck in Saudi Arabia, becoming the first US casualty of the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 8/12/00)
1990 Aug 12, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein sought to tie any withdrawal of his troops from Kuwait to an Israeli withdrawal from the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip.
(AP, 8/12/00)
1990 Aug 13, President Bush ordered Defense Secretary Dick Cheney to the Persian Gulf for the second time since Iraq invaded Kuwait. American combat troops in Saudi Arabia, meanwhile, were told to prepare for a long stay.
(AP, 8/13/00)
1990 Aug 13, Alejandro Otero (b.1921), Venezuelan painter of Geometric abstraction, a sculptor, a writer and a cultural promoter, died in Caracas.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Otero)
1990 Aug 14, Interrupting his vacation in Kennebunkport, Maine, President Bush returned to Washington, where he told reporters he saw no hope for a diplomatic solution to the Persian Gulf crisis, at least until economic sanctions forced Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait.
(AP, 8/14/00)
1990 Aug 14, Denver voted for a 1% sales tax to pay for a baseball franchise.
(http://colorado.rockies.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/col/history/timeline2.jsp)
1990 Aug 15, In an attempt to gain support against the US-led coalition in the Persian Gulf, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein offered to make peace with longtime enemy Iran.
(AP, 8/15/00)
1990 Aug 16, President Bush met with Jordan’s King Hussein in Kennebunkport, Maine, where he urged the monarch to close Iraq’s access to the sea through the port of Aqaba.
(AP, 8/16/00)
1990 Aug 16, In Iraq, President Saddam Hussein issued a statement in which he repeatedly called Bush a "liar" and said the outbreak of war could result in "thousands of Americans wrapped in sad coffins."
(AP, 8/16/00)
1990 Aug 17, The film "The Exorcist 3" premiered.
(www.imdb.com/title/tt0099528/)
1990 Aug 17, The Commerce Department reported the US trade deficit shrank to $8.17 billion in June.
(AP, 8/17/00)
1990 Aug, 17, Phyllis Polaner, former aide to his ex-wife Robin Givens, sued Mike Tyson (b.1966) for sexual harassment. A New York City civil jury found Tyson committed battery but that his behavior was "not outrageous."
(www.canoe.ca/BoxingTysonHolyfield/tyson_chronology.html)(http://tinyurl.com/hfqx9)
1990 Aug 17, Pearl Bailey (b.1918), Broadway actress, singer, died in Philadelphia from a heart attack at age 72.
(www.blackpressusa.com/history/Archive.asp?week=33)
1990 Aug 18, A US frigate fired warning shots across the bow of an Iraqi oil tanker in the Gulf of Oman, apparently the first shots fired by the US in the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 8/18/00)
1990 Aug 19, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein offered to free all foreigners detained in Iraq and Kuwait provided the United States promise to withdraw its forces from Saudi Arabia and guarantee that an international economic embargo would be lifted.
(AP, 8/19/00)
1990 Aug 20, George Steinbrenner stepped down as NY Yankee owner.
(http://tinyurl.com/bjbgt)
1990 Aug 20, For the first time since Iraq began detaining foreigners, President Bush publicly referred to the detainees as hostages, and demanded their release. Iraq moved Western hostages to military installations (human shields).
(AP, 8/20/00)
1990 Aug 20, Three former Northwest Airlines pilots were convicted in Minneapolis of flying while intoxicated.
(AP, 8/20/00)
1990 Aug 20, In Poland 16 people were killed in a collision involving two trains in the Warsaw suburb of Ursus.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Poland_disasters_by_death_toll)
1990 Aug 21, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein delivered a speech in which he defended the detaining of foreigners in his country, and promised "a major catastrophe" should fighting break out in the Persian Gulf.
(AP, 8/21/00)
1990 Aug 22, President Bush signed an order calling up reservists to bolster the US military buildup in the Persian Gulf.
(AP, 8/22/00)
1990 Aug 23, David Rose (b.1910), composer (Holiday for Strings, Stripper), died.
(www.classicthemes.com/majorComposers.html)
1990 Aug 23, Armenia declared independence.
(www.armeniapedia.org/index.php?title=Soviet_Armenian_History)
1990 Aug 23, East and West Germany announced that they would unite Oct 3. The details of reunification were designed by interior minister Wolfgang Schauble.
(www.mofa.go.jp/policy/other/bluebook/1990/1990-2-1.htm)(Economist, 9/29/12, p.59)
1990 Aug 23, Iraqi state television showed President Saddam Hussein meeting with a group of about 20 Western detainees, telling the group—whom he described as "guests"—that they were being held "to prevent the scourge of war."
(AP, 8/23/00)
1990 Aug 24, Iraqi troops surrounded foreign missions in Kuwait.
(AP, 8/24/00)
1990 Aug 24, Irish hostage Brian Keenan was released by his captors in Lebanon after being held more than four years.
(AP, 8/24/00)
1990 Aug 24, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev sent a message to Iraqi President Saddam Hussein warning the Persian Gulf situation was "extremely dangerous."
(AP, 8/24/00)
1990 Aug 24, Sergei Dovlatov (b.1941), one of the most popular Russian writers of the late 20th century, died in NYC. Dovlatov had circulated his writings through samizdat and by having them smuggled into Western Europe for publication in foreign journals; an activity that caused his expulsion from the Union of Soviet Journalists in 1976. He emigrated to American in 1979. His books included “The Invisible Book" (1977).
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergei_Dovlatov)(Econ, 10/22/16, SR p.14)
1990 Aug 25, The United Nations gave the world’s navies the right to use force to stop vessels trading with Iraq.
(AP, 8/25/00)
1990 Aug 26, Fifty-five Americans, who had been evacuated from the US Embassy in Kuwait, left Baghdad by car and headed for the Turkish border.
(AP, 8/26/00)
1990 Aug 26, The bodies of two slain college students were found in their off-campus apartment in Gainesville, Florida; three more bodies were discovered in the days that followed, setting off a wave of panic.
(AP, 8/26/00)
1990 Aug 27, Fifty-two Americans reached freedom in Turkey after they were allowed to leave Iraq; three young men originally in the group, however, were detained by the Iraqis. In Washington, the State Department ordered the expulsion of 36 Iraqi diplomats.
(AP, 8/27/00)
1990 Aug 28, German spy Juergen Mohamed Gietler was arrested for passing military information to Iraq. He provided Iraq with intelligence reports on US military plans that included what the West knew of Iraqi Scud-B missile sites. He was convicted in a secret trial in 1991, sentenced to 5 years in prison and released in 1994 after which he moved to Egypt.
(SFC,11/18/97, p.B1)(SFC,12/24/97, p.A6)
1990 Aug 28, Iraq declared occupied Kuwait the 19th province of Iraq, renamed Kuwait City Kadhima, and created a new district named after President Saddam Hussein. A puppet regime under Alaa Hussein was set up. Alaa Hussein was convicted of treason in 2000 and sentenced to death. Saddam Hussein, saying he sympathized with his foreign captives, pledged to free detained women and children.
(RTH, 8/28/99)(SFC, 5/4/00, p.A18)(AP, 8/28/00)
1990 Aug 29, A defiant Iraqi President Saddam Hussein declared in a television interview that America could not defeat Iraq, saying, "I do not beg before anyone."
(AP, 8/29/00)
1990 Aug 30, President Bush told a news conference that a "new world order" could emerge from the Gulf crisis.
(AP, 8/30/00)
1990 Aug 30, Edmund G. Love (b.1912), Michigan-based writer, died in Flint. His book ''Subways Are for Sleeping'' (1957) was the basis for the Broadway musical (1961).
(LSA, Spring, 2009, p.34)(http://tinyurl.com/c6rqnh)
1990 Aug 30, In Colombia a series of abductions began with the kidnapping of Diana Turbay, a Bogota TV news director and daughter of former president Julio Cesar Turbay. The abductions were by the Medellin drug cartel under Pablo Escobar. In 1997 Gabriel Garcia Marquez published his documentation of the events in "News of a Kidnapping."
(SFEC, 6/1/97, BR p.1,6)
1990 Aug 30, UN Secretary-General Javier Perez de Cuellar arrived in Jordan to try to mediate the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 8/30/00)
1990 Aug 30, Tatarstan proclaimed sovereignty. This was not recognized by Russia. The declaration on the Republic of Tatarstan state sovereignty was adopted immediately after the declaration on the sovereignty of the Russian Federation, which provided the peoples' right "to self-determination in the national-state and national-cultural forms they have chosen."
(www.kcn.ru/tat_en/politics/dfa/sover/sover.htm)
1990 Aug 31, East & West Germany signed a treaty to join legal & political systems.
(http://tinyurl.com/omusa)
1990 Aug 31, UN Secretary-General Javier Perez de Cuellar met twice with Iraqi Foreign Minister Tariq Aziz in Amman, Jordan, trying to negotiate a solution to the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 8/31/00)
1990 Aug, In Albania the government abandoned its monopoly on foreign commerce and began to open Albania to foreign trade.
(www, Albania, 1998)
1990 Aug, In Armenia Levon Ter-Petrosyan (52) was elected as President.
(SFC, 2/4/98, p.C2)
1990 Aug, Jose Luiz Santana, the former president of Brazil's nuclear energy commission, known by its Portuguese acronym CNEN, said in 2005 that the military was preparing a test explosion when the program was ultimately dismantled in August 1990.
(AP, 8/30/05)
1990 Aug, South Ossetia, a region of north central Georgia with a population of about 100,000, declared itself sovereign. Ethnic Ossetians speak a language similar to Persian. Georgia abolished South Ossetia’s autonomous status following the attempted break. Georgian leader Zviad Gamsakhurdia declared South Ossetia part of Georgia and marched on Tskhinvali, the declared capital.
(SFC, 9/1/98, p.A10)(WSJ, 8/27/08, p.A12)
1990 Sep 1, President Bush announced that he and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev would meet in Helsinki, Finland, for a "free-flowing" one-day summit on the Persian Gulf crisis and other issues.
(AP, 9/1/00)
1990 Sep 2, Dave Stieb of the Toronto Blue Jays hurled a no-hitter against the Cleveland Indians, winning 3-0.
(AP, 9/2/00)
1990 Sep 2, Brian Watkins (22), a tourist from Utah, was stabbed in the heart and died in NYC while defending his family from muggers. Seven young men were convicted in the case. In 2015 a judge overturned the conviction of Johnny Hincapie (43) and ordered a new trial. Hincapie had testified that a detective beat him to get a signed confession.
(www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=60727659)(Econ, 12/8/12, p.31)(SFC, 10/7/15, p.A7)
1990 Sep 2, Dozens of Americans reached freedom in the first major airlift of Westerners from Iraq during the month-old Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 9/2/00)
1990 Sep 2, The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) entered into force. As of 2008 only the United States and Somalia had failed to ratify the document.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_on_the_Rights_of_the_Child)(Econ, 5/31/08, p.62)
1990 Sep 3, President Bush returned to Washington from his Maine vacation home to prepare for his summit in Finland with Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev.
(AP, 9/3/00)
1990 Sep 3, Dr. David Acer, a Florida dentist, died of AIDS after apparently infecting five of his patients with the HIV virus.
(AP, 9/3/00)
1990 Sep 4, The air evacuation of Western women and children stranded in Iraq and Kuwait resumed, with 25 Americans among the nearly 300 who made it to Jordan.
(AP, 9/4/00)
1990 Sep 5, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein urged Arabs to rise up in a Holy War against the West and former allies who had turned against him.
(AP, 9/5/00)
1990 Sep 5, In Moscow, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev met with Iraqi Foreign Minister Tariq Aziz.
(AP, 9/5/00)
1990 Sep 6, In San Jose, Ca., the new National Hockey League expansion team chose the nickname Sharks. Play will start in the Fall of 1991.
(SSFC, 9/6/15, DB p.50)
1990 Sep 6, Iraq increased pressure on trapped Westerners, warning that anyone trying to leave without permission could face life in prison.
(AP, 9/6/00)
1990 Sep 7, President Bush left for his one-day Finland summit with Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev.
(AP, 9/7/00)
1990 Sep 7, Kimberly Bergalis of Fort Pierce, Florida, came forward to identify herself as the young woman who had been infected with AIDS, apparently by her late dentist. Bergalis died the following year.
(AP, 9/7/00)
1990 Sep 7, A.J.P. Taylor (b.1906), English historian, died in London. He specialized in 19th- and 20th-century European diplomacy. His work included the best-selling biography of Bismarck, titled “Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman" (1955) and “The Origins of the Second World War" (1961). His book: "From the Boer War to the Cold War: Essays on Twentieth Century Europe," was published in 1995 and reviewed by Max Boot.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._J._P._Taylor)(WSJ, 10/30/95, p.A-16)
1990 Sep 8, Gabriela Sabatini won the US Open women’s championship and her first grand slam title as she defeated Steffi Graf.
(AP, 9/8/00)
1990 Sep 8, Marjorie Judith Vincent of Illinois was crowned Miss America.
(AP, 9/8/00)
1990 Sep 8, President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev arrived in Helsinki, Finland, for a one-day summit sparked by the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 9/8/00)
1990 Sep 9, Pete Sampras defeated Andre Agassi to win the US Open men’s title.
(AP, 9/9/00)
1990 Sep 9, President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev held a one-day summit in Helsinki, Finland, after which they joined in condemning Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait.
(AP, 9/9/00)
1990 Sep 9, Liberian dictator Pres. Samuel K. Doe was killed after being captured by rebels led by Prince Johnson. Doe was tortured by rivals and bled to death after an ear was cut off. The remains of Doe’s Krahn-dominated army composed the AFL or Armed Forces of Liberia.
(SFC, 4/10/96, p.A-4)(SFC, 4/17/96, p.A-8)(AP, 9/9/00)(AP, 2/24/10)
1990 Sep 9, Alexandr Men, Russian Biblical scholar and writer, was murdered by an ax-wielding assailant just outside his home of Semkhoz, Russia.
(Econ, 3/6/10, p.103)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Men)
1990 Sep 10, The Ellis Island Immigration Museum opened following a 6-year, $170 million restoration.
(SFEC, 6/20/99, p.T11)(www.nps.gov/stli/serv02.htm#Ellis)
1990 Sept 10, In Catamarca, Argentina, the body of 17-year-old Maria Soledad Morales was found. She had been tortured, mutilated and killed. Her murder was covered up by local authorities and as of 1996 no one had yet been charged.
(WSJ, 4/16/96, p.A-1)
1990 Sep 10, Iran agreed to resume full diplomatic ties with onetime enemy Iraq.
(AP, 9/10/00)
1990 Sep 10, In Ivory Coast Pope Paul II consecrated the Basilique Notre Dame de la Paix on the condition that a hospital for the poor be built next door. It was constructed between 1985 and 1989 at a cost of $300 million. Work on the hospital began in 2012.
(Econ, 6/16/12, p.60)(http://tinyurl.com/ne47e)
1990 Sep 11, President Bush addressed Congress on the Persian Gulf crisis, vowing that "Saddam Hussein will fail" in his takeover of Kuwait.
(AP, 9/11/00)
1990 Sep 11, In Guatemala City sociologist Myrna Mack was stabbed 27 times to death. Gen’l. Edgar Augusto Godoy and Colonels Juan Valencia Osorio and Juan Guillermo Oliva ordered Noel de Jesus Beteta, a soldier, to kill Mack. Beteta later received a 30 year sentence for the crime. The officers in 1997 sought amnesty under a new treaty. Myrna Mack was an anthropologist working on the ecological effects of the nation’s refugee policies and the genocide of Maya Indians. The officers were ordered to stand trial in 1999. In 2002 Beteta recanted his confession. In 2003 an appeals court freed Col. Juan Valencia.
(SFC, 1/7/97, p.A10)(SFC, 3/21/97, p.A18)(SFC, 4/28/98, p.A8)(SFC, 1/30/99, p.A14)(AP, 9/18/02)(SFC, 5/8/03, p.A14)
1990 Sep 12, The TV drama “Gabriel’s Fire" premiered with James Earl Jones as Gabriel Bird.
(LSA, Fall, 2007, p.27)(www.imdb.com/title/tt0098801/)
1990 Sep 12, Representatives of the World War Two allies and West and East Germany signed the Two Plus Four Treaty in Moscow giving international sanction to German unity.
(AP, 9/12/00)(www.foothill.fhda.edu/divisions/unification/finalset.html)
1990 Sep 13, NBC’s cop-courtroom drama "Law & Order" premiered on NBC.
(AP, 9/13/00)
1990 Sep 13, The Senate Judiciary Committee opened its first day of confirmation hearings for Supreme Court nominee David H. Souter, who firmly refused to discuss his views on abortion.
(AP, 9/13/00)
1990 Sep 13, The UN Security Council at its 2939th meeting adopted Resolution 666, regarding foodstuffs to be supplied to the civilian population in Iraq or Kuwait in order to relieve human suffering.
(www.caabu.org/press/documents/unscr-resolution-666.html)
1990 Sep 14, Ken Griffey, Sr. and Jr, hit back-to-back HRs in the 1st inning.
(www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/chronology/1990SEPTEMBER.stm)
1990 Sep 14, During the Persian Gulf crisis, the US Navy reported that American troops had fired a warning shot at an Iraqi tanker, then boarded it briefly before allowing it to proceed.
(AP, 9/14/00)
1990 Sep 15, France announced it would send 4,000 more soldiers to the Persian Gulf and expel Iraqi military attaches in Paris in response to Iraq’s raids on French, Belgian and Canadian diplomatic compounds in Kuwait.
(AP, 9/15/00)
1990 Sep 16, Iraqi television broadcast an eight-minute videotaped address by President Bush, who warned the Iraqi people that Saddam Hussein’s brinkmanship could plunge them into war "against the world."
(AP, 9/16/00)
1990 Sep 17, Defense Secretary Dick Cheney sacked Air Force chief of staff General Mike Dugan for openly discussing contingency plans to launch massive air strikes against Baghdad and target Iraqi President Saddam Hussein personally.
(AP, 9/17/00)
1990 Sep 17, Supreme Court nominee David H. Souter concluded three days of testimony before the Senate Judiciary Committee.
(AP, 9/17/00)
1990 Sep 18, The SF Giants cited rising player salaries and sought to raise ticket prices for a 3rd year in a row. Upper reserved seats at Candlestick would jump from $7 to $8 if approved by the SF Recreation and park Dept.
(SSFC, 9/13/15, DB p.50)
1990 Sep 18, The city of Atlanta was named the site of the 1996 Summer Olympics.
(AP, 9/18/97)
1990 Sep 18, Former savings-and-loan chief executive Charles H. Keating was jailed in Los Angeles in lieu of $5 million bail after he was indicted on criminal fraud charges.
(AP, 9/18/00)
1990 Sep 19, Iraq began confiscating foreign assets from countries that were imposing sanctions against the Baghdad government.
(AP, 9/19/00)
1990 Sep 20, Demanding equal time, Iraq asked US networks to broadcast a message by President Saddam Hussein in response to President Bush’s videotaped address to the Iraqi people.
(AP, 9/20/00)
1990 Sep 21, During a meeting of the Supreme Soviet, President Mikhail S. Gorbachev scolded legislators for dragging its feet on an economic rescue plan, and asked for sweeping new emergency powers to stabilize the economy.
(AP, 9/21/00)
1990 Sep 22, Saudi Arabia expelled most of the Yemeni and Jordanian envoys in Riyadh, accusing them of unspecified "activities jeopardizing the peace and security of the kingdom."
(AP, 9/22/00)
1990 Sep 23, PBS began an 11 hour miniseries by Ken Burns on the American Civil War.
(www.museum.tv/archives/etv/C/htmlC/civilwarth/civilwarth.htm)
1990 Sep 23, Iraq threatened to destroy Middle East oil fields and attack Israel if other nations tried to force it from Kuwait.
(AP, 9/23/00)
1990 Sep 23, South African President F.W. de Klerk arrived in the US for talks with President Bush.
(AP, 9/23/00)
1990 Sep 24, South African President F.W. de Klerk met at the White House with President Bush.
(AP, 9/24/00)
1990 Sep 24, East Germany signed a treaty with the Soviet Union ending its membership in the Warsaw Pact.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Pact)
1990 Sep 24, The Supreme Soviet voted to give preliminary approval to a plan for switching the Soviet Union to a free-market economy.
(AP, 9/24/00)
1990 Sep 25, In a videotaped message to Americans, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein warned that if President Bush launched a war against his country, "it would not be up to him to end it."
(AP, 9/25/00)
1990 Sep 25, The UN Security Council voted 14-to-1 to impose an air embargo against Iraq. Cuba cast the lone dissenting vote.
(AP, 9/25/00)
1990 Sep 26, The Motion Picture Association of America announced it had created a new rating, "NC-17," designed to bar moviegoers under the age of 17 from certain films without the commercial stigma of the old "X" rating.
(AP, 9/26/00)
1990 Sep 26, Alberto Moravia, Italian writer (Woman in Red), died at 82.
(http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/moravia.htm)
1990 Sep 27, The US Senate Judiciary Committee approved the Supreme Court nomination of David H. Souter.
(AP, 9/27/00)
1990 Sep 27, The deposed emir of Kuwait delivered an emotional address to the UN General Assembly in which he denounced the "rape, destruction and terror" inflicted upon his country by Iraq.
(AP, 9/27/00)
1990 Sep 28, The exiled emir of Kuwait visited the White House, where he told President Bush the Iraqis were destroying and looting his country.
(AP, 9/28/00)
1990 Sep 29, Top leaders of Congress and the Bush administration began closed-door negotiations in an attempt to reach an eleventh-hour budget agreement.
(AP, 9/29/00)
1990 Sep 29, The YF22 fighter, an American prototype fighter aircraft designed by Northrop and McDonnell Douglas, was first flown by Lockheed test pilot Dave Ferguson.
(NPub, 2002, p.25)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_YF-23)
1990 Sep 30, President Bush and congressional leaders forged a $500 billion five-year compromise package of tax increases and spending cuts.
(AP, 9/30/00)
1990 Sep 30, Serbs in Croatia proclaimed autonomy.
(http://tinyurl.com/q8lrk)
1990 Sep, The 1st gene therapy experiment took place at the NIH.
(SFC, 10/4/02, p.A7)
1990 Sep, San Mateo County, Ca., and PG&E held a public meeting to tell residents of Daly City’s Midway Village about the contaminated soil on the site. Residents wee informed that toxic wastes have been found in about one of every four of the buildings.
(SFC, 1/19/00, p.A4)(SFC, 3/2/09, p.B1)
1990 Sep, A 61-year-old woman disappeared in NYC and her dismembered body was found weeks later in two plastic bags. In 2007 Montenegro police arrested Smail Tulja (67) in his home in Montenegro's capital, Podgorica, on an international arrest warrant that the authorities received from FBI and Interpol agents. He was wanted for the killing and dismemberment of an elderly woman in New York City in 1990 and is also suspected in similar slayings of women throughout Europe.
(AP, 2/22/07)
1990 Sep, In Iraq biological weapons scientists took control of a foot-and-mouth vaccine plant in Daura and began producing anthrax and botulinum toxin.
(SFEC, 3/7/99, p.A18)
1990 Sep, Transdniestria declared its independence over fears that Moldova planned to reunite with Romania. It was not recognized internationally.
(www.aliciapatterson.org/APF1803/Meier_Foster/Meier_Foster.html)(AP, 1/5/12)
1990 Oct 1, President Bush, addressing the UN General Assembly, again condemned Iraq’s takeover of Kuwait, but also suggested an unconditional military withdrawal could help speed an end to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
(AP, 10/1/00)
1990 Oct 1, Curtis E. LeMay (83), Air Force General and VP candidate, died at March Air Force Base, California.
(AP, 10/1/00)
1990 Oct 2, President Bush, trying to muster acceptance for a $500 billion package of tax increases and spending cuts, asked Americans in a televised address to support the plan.
(AP, 10/2/00)
1990 Oct 2, The US Senate voted 90-to-9 to confirm the nomination of Judge David H. Souter to the Supreme Court.
(AP, 10/2/97)
1990 Oct 3, West Germany and East Germany ended 45 years of postwar division, declaring the creation of a new unified country. Formal reunification took place after a unification treaty was ratified by the Federal Republic‘s Bundestag and the German Democratic Republic‘s People‘s Chamber in September. Kurt Masur (1927-2015) directed Beethoven's Ninth Symphony at the official celebrations.
(AP, 10/3/97)(HN, 10/3/98)(HNQ, 11/10/99)(AP, 12/19/15)
1990 Oct 3, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein made his first known visit to Kuwait since his country seized control of the oil-rich emirate.
(AP, 10/3/00)
1990 Oct 4, For the first time in nearly six decades, German lawmakers met in the Reichstag for the first meeting of reunified Germany’s parliament.
(AP, 10/4/00)
1990 Oct 5, The US House of Representatives rejected a $500 billion budget agreement forged by congressional leaders and the Bush administration.
(AP, 10/5/00)
1990 Oct 5, A jury in Cincinnati acquitted an art gallery and its director of obscenity charges stemming from an exhibit of sexually graphic photographs by Robert Mapplethorpe.
(AP, 10/5/97)
1990 Oct 5, Meir Kahane (58), founder of Jewish defense league, was assassinated in NYC by an Arab extremist.
(www.adl.org/extremism/jdl_chron.asp)
1990 Oct 6, President Bush vetoed stopgap spending legislation passed by Congress following the collapse of a deficit-reducing budget agreement.
(AP, 10/6/00)
1990 Oct 6, The space shuttle “Discovery" blasted off on a four-day mission. NASA launched the Ulysses solar probe, an American and European spacecraft, aboard the space shuttle Discovery. It ceased operations in 2008.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses_probe)(AP, 10/6/00)(SFC, 6/13/08, p.A5)
1990 Oct 6, Four people were killed in a balloon crash at Gaenserndorf, near Vienna.
(AP, 2/26/13)
1990 Oct 7, The US House and Senate Democrats put together a modified budget proposal, following the failure of an earlier plan and the veto of stopgap spending legislation by President Bush.
(AP, 10/7/00)
1990 Oct 7, Grim Natwick (b.1890), American animator and film director, died. He created Betty Boop in 1930.
(WSJ, 12/21/06, p.D8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grim_Natwick)
1990 Oct 7, Israel began handing out gas masks to its citizens in case of attack by Iraq.
(http://openweb.tvnews.vanderbilt.edu/1990-10/1990-10-07-CBS-6.html)
1990 Oct 8, American doctors Joseph E. Murray and E. Donnall Thomas were named recipients of the Nobel Prize in medicine for their discoveries about organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease.
(SFEC, 10/8/96, A9)(AP, 10/8/00)
1990 Oct 8, The US House approved a revised deficit-reducing budget plan, and both chambers of Congress approved stopgap spending legislation to end a government shutdown.
(AP, 10/8/00)
1990 Oct 8, Israeli police opened fire on rioting Palestinians on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, killing 17.
(AP, 10/8/00)
1990 Oct 9, President Bush told a news conference he would be willing to consider higher income tax rates for the wealthy, but later appeared to back off that stand.
(AP, 10/9/00)
1990 Oct 9, David Hackett Souter was sworn in as a US Supreme Court judge.
(NW, 7/7/03, p.48)
1990 Oct 10, The Oakland A’s swept to the American League pennant and their third straight World Series by defeating the Boston Red Sox, 3-to-1.
(AP, 10/10/00)
1990 Oct 10, The space shuttle "Discovery" landed safely at Edwards Air Force Base in California, ending a virtually flawless four-day mission.
(AP, 10/10/00)
1990 Oct 11, The Center for Urban Archaeology opened in NYC South Street Seaport Museum.
(www.southstseaport.org/archaeology/nyunearthed.shtm)
1990 Oct 11, Octavio Paz was named the winner of the Nobel Prize for literature, the first Mexican writer so honored.
(AP, 10/11/00)
1990 Oct 11, The first flight of the X-31 took place. The collaborative US-German Rockwell-MBB X-31 Enhanced Fighter Maneuverability program was designed to test fighter thrust vectoring technology.
(NPub, 2002, p.25)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-31)
1990 Oct 11, About 60-thousand people rallied in Prague, Czechoslovakia, in support of a government proposal to seize all Communist Party property without compensation.
(AP, 10/11/00)
1990 Oct 12, The Cincinnati Reds won the National League pennant, defeating the Pittsburgh Pirates 2-to-1.
(AP, 10/12/00)
1990 Oct 12, Wolfgang Schauble (b.1942), German politician, was the target of an assassination attempt by Dieter Kaufmann, who fired 3 shots at Schäuble after an election campaign event in Oppenau. Schauble was left paralyzed from the waist down. In 2009 he was appointed finance minister under Chancellor Angel Merkel.
(Econ, 5/14/11, p.70)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble)
1990 Oct 12, The UN Security Council voted unanimously to condemn Israel’s security forces for killing 17 Palestinian demonstrators on the Temple Mount.
(AP, 10/12/00)
1990 Oct 13, At the start of a three-day conference in Jiddah, Saudi Arabia, the crown prince of Kuwait promised greater democracy for the emirate if it were freed from Iraqi occupation.
(AP, 10/13/00)
1990 Oct 13, In Lebanon, rebel Christian General Michel Aoun ended his mutiny against the government. Syrian forces defeated the army under Aoun. Jihad Georges Eid (20) a soldier in the Lebanese army, was taken from Lebanon by Syrian troops on the day of the last battle in the civil war. For the next 20 plus years, more than 600 families, Lebanese and Palestinian, Muslim and Christian, demanded authorities reveal the fate of thousands of political prisoners believed to have disappeared at the hands of Syrian troops.
(AP, 10/13/00)(SFC, 4/27/05, p.A8)(AFP, 10/13/11)
1990 Oct 13, The 1st Russian Orthodox service in 70 yrs was held in St. Basil's Cathedral.
(http://openweb.tvnews.vanderbilt.edu/1990-10/1990-10-13-NBC-20.html)
1990 Oct 13, Le Duc Tho, co-founder of the Vietnamese Communist Party, died in Hanoi at age 79. He was the 1975 North Vietnamese negotiator in Paris.
(AP, 10/13/00)(MC, 10/13/01)
1990 Oct 14, Leonard Bernstein (b.1918), American composer and conductor, died in New York City. In 2009 Barry Seldes authored “Leonard Bernstein: The Political Life of an American Musician."
(AP, 10/14/97)(Econ, 5/30/09, p.85)
1990 Oct 15, Soviet Union President Mikhail S. Gorbachev was named the winner of the Nobel Peace Prize.
(SFC, 10/12/96, p.A13)(AP, 10/15/97)
1990 Oct 15, South Africa’s Separate Amenities Act, which barred blacks from public facilities for decades, was formally scrapped.
(AP, 10/15/00)
1990 Oct 16, The Cincinnati Reds beat the Oakland A’s 7-to-0 in game one of the World Series.
(AP, 10/16/00)
1990 Oct 16, US forces reached 200,000 in Persian Gulf.
(http://archives.econ.utah.edu/archives/marxism/2004w05/msg00102.htm)
1990 Oct 16, Comedian Steve Martin and his wife, actress Victoria Tennant, visited American GI’s in Saudi Arabia.
(AP, 10/16/00)
1990 Oct 16, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev submitted to the Soviet legislature a scaled-back plan to transform the Soviet economy to a free-market system.
(AP, 10/16/00)
1990 Oct 17, "Les Miserables," opened at Imperial Theatre, NYC and His Majesty's Theatre, Perth.
(MC, 10/17/01)
1990 Oct 17, The Cincinnati Reds opened up a two games-to-none World Series lead, beating the Oakland A’s 5-to-4.
(AP, 10/17/00)
1990 Oct 17, In testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Secretary of State James Baker said Iraqi President Saddam Hussein "must fail if peace is to succeed."
(AP, 10/17/00)
1990 Oct 18, Iraq offered to sell its oil to anyone—including the United States—for $21 a barrel, the same price level that preceded the invasion of Kuwait.
(AP, 10/18/00)
1990 Oct 19, The Cincinnati Reds beat the Oakland A’s 8-to-3, taking a three games-to-none lead in the World Series.
(AP, 10/19/00)
1990 Oct 19, Iraq ordered all foreigners in occupied Kuwait to report to authorities or face punishment.
(AP, 10/19/00)
1990 Oct 19, The Supreme Soviet voted to approve President Mikhail S. Gorbachev’s economic reform plan.
(AP, 10/19/00)
1990 Oct 20, The Cincinnati Reds won the World Series, 2-to-1, sweeping the Oakland A’s in four games.
(AP, 10/20/00)
1990 Oct 20, US-Iraq antiwar protest marches began in 20 US cities.
(www.tandl.vt.edu/Foundations/mediaproject/mediaprojecthtml/iraq11.html)
1990 Oct 20, Three members of the rap group 2 Live Crew were acquitted by a jury in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, of violating obscenity laws with an adults-only concert in nearby Hollywood the previous June.
(AP, 10/20/00)
1990 Oct 20, Joel McCrea (84), actor (Ramrod), died of pulmonary complications.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0566948/)
1990 Oct 21, Walther Sommerlath (b.1901), the father of Sweden’s Queen Silvia, died in Heidelberg. During WWII he swapped a coffee farm in Brazil for a German-based business owned by Efim Wechsler, a Jewish businessman. This allowed Wechsler to emigrate from Nazi Germany.
(SFC, 12/21/12, p.A8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther_Sommerlath)
1990 Oct 21, A Palestinian stabbed three Israelis to death during a rampage in a Jerusalem neighborhood in retaliation for the police killings of 17 Arabs on the Temple Mount.
(AP, 10/21/00)
1990 Oct 22, Louis Althusser (b.1918), Algeria-born French Marxist philosopher, died in Paris.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Althusser)
1990 Oct 23, Deficit-reduction negotiations continued between the White House and congressional leaders. President Bush, campaigning in New England, blamed the Democratic-controlled Congress for the budget impasse.
(AP, 10/23/00)
1990 Oct 23, Iraq announced the release of 330 French hostages.
(http://tinyurl.com/s498l)
1990 Oct 24, The Senate failed to override President Bush’s veto of a major civil rights bill by a vote of 66-to-34, one vote short of the two-thirds majority needed.
(AP, 10/24/00)
1990 Oct 24, Humphrey the whale swam out the Golden Gate ending a 3-day visit to SF Bay. He had become famous in 1985 after a 3-week tour of the SF Bay and Sacramento River.
(SSFC, 10/25/15, DB p.50)
1990 Oct 24, The existence of Gladio, a “stay-behind" espionage operation, was acknowledged by Giulio Andreotti, head of the Italian government. It was sponsored by the CIA and NATO to counter communist influence after World War II in Italy, as well as in other European countries.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio)
1990 Oct 24, In Pakistan Nawaz Sharif’s nine-party Democratic Alliance won a 2/3 majority in the National Assembly.
(SFC, 1/30/97, p.A9)
1990 Oct 25, Evander Holyfield knocked out Buster Douglas in the third round of their fight in Las Vegas to become the undisputed heavyweight champion of the world.
(AP, 10/25/00)
1990 Oct 25, Defense Secretary Dick Cheney said the Pentagon was laying plans to send as many as 100-thousand more troops to Saudi Arabia.
(AP, 10/25/00)
1990 Oct 25, NY Daily News went on strike. It lasted through March, 1991.
(www.journalism.indiana.edu/gallery/Ethics/like.html)
1990 Oct 26, Wayne Gretzky became the first National Hockey League player to reach 2,000 points.
(AP, 10/26/00)
1990 Oct 26, The US State Department issued a warning that terrorists could be planning an attack on a passenger ship or aircraft.
(AP, 10/26/00)
1990 Oct 26, William S. Paley, the founder of CBS Incorporated, died in New York at age 89.
(AP, 10/26/00)
1990 Oct 27, The US Senate gave final legislative approval to a record package of taxes and spending cuts, hours after the House approved the plan.
(AP, 10/27/00)
1990 Oct 27, Death claimed bandleader Xavier Cugat at age 90.
(AP, 10/27/00)
1990 Oct 27, Elliott Roosevelt (80), son of FDR, died.
(AP, 10/27/00)
1990 Oct 28, In a surprise move, Iraq said it was halting gasoline rationing imposed earlier in response to global economic sanctions.
(AP, 10/28/00)
1990 Oct 29, Clinton’s campaign for governor of Arkansas received a $75,000 loan from the Perry County Bank. A few days later another cash withdrawal was made for $22,500.
(SFC, 6/28/96, p.A7)
1990 Oct 29, William French Smith (73), former US attorney general (1980), died of cancer.
(http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/smith9.html)
1990 Oct 29, The UN Security Council voted to hold Saddam Hussein’s regime liable for human rights abuses and war damages during its occupation of Kuwait.
(AP, 10/29/00)
1990 Oct 30, Britain’s PM Margaret Thatcher addressed the House of Commons and strongly rejected the European Commission’s federal ambitions to integration.
(Econ, 3/5/15, p.54)
1990 Oct 30, The Iraqi News Agency quoted Saddam Hussein as saying Iraq was making final preparations for war, and that he expected an attack by the United States and its allies within days.
(AP, 10/30/00)
1990 Oct 30, In the Persian Gulf, ten American sailors died when a steam pipe ruptured aboard the USS "Iwo Jima"; in Saudi Arabia, a Marine was killed in an accident while driving in the desert.
(AP, 10/30/00)
1990 Oct 30, In Russia the Solovetsky stone was erected in Moscow. It was from the Stalin-era Solovki prison camp as a memorial to victims of Soviet repression.
(Econ, 12/22/12, p.82)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solovetsky_Stone)
1990 Oct 31, During a campaign swing in suburban Washington, President Bush said "I have had it" with the way Iraq was treating American diplomats and hostages, but added he had no timetable for deciding on a possible military strike.
(AP, 10/31/00)
1990 Oct, At the 13th National Computer Security Conference in Washington, DC, Dorothy Demming presented her paper "Concerning Hackers Who Break into Computers." In 1995 she published a postscript denouncing the group.
(Wired, 9/96, p.221)
1990 Oct, A $12.5 million verdict against the White Aryan Resistance was pronounced for the killing of an Ethiopian student in Portland.
(SFC, 7/25/98, p.A3)
1990 Oct, McDonald's chose Shenzhen for its first Chinese restaurant.
(www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2008-09/08/content_7007412.htm)
1990 Oct, French Pres. Francois Mitterand called for an economic government of Europe during a Franco-German summit in Paris.
(Econ, 7/14/07, p.58)
1990 Oct, Tutsi exiles from Uganda invaded Rwanda. There was an uprising led by mainly Tutsi exiles in Uganda, known as the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), against the 18-year-old regime of Juvenal Habyarimana.
(WSJ, 11/15/96, p.A16)(SFC, 2/21/97, p.A26)
1990 Oct, In Rwanda Fred Rwigema was killed by a sniper. Paul Kagame returned from studying at the US Army Command and General Staff College to lead the RPF.
(WSJ, 8/17/98, p.A10)
1990 Oct, Syrian troops entered Beirut, to ostensibly help end the 15-year Lebanese civil war.
(WSJ, 7/19/95, p.A-1)
1990 Nov 1, During a trip to Orlando, Florida, President Bush accused Iraqi forces of engaging in "barbarism" and "brutality," adding, "I don’t believe that Adolf Hitler ever participated in anything of that nature."
(AP, 11/1/00)
1990 Nov 2, The White House announced that President Bush planned to spend Thanksgiving with American GI’s in Saudi Arabia.
(AP, 11/2/00)
1990 Nov 3, Secretary of State James A. Baker the Third embarked on a fast-paced tour of seven countries to "lay the foundation" for possible military action against Iraq.
(AP, 11/3/00)
1990 Nov 3, The Kryptos sculpture, created by sculptor Jim Sanborn, was dedicated in the courtyard of the CIA headquarters in Virginia.
(SSFC, 11/21/10, p.A16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryptos)
1990 Nov 3, Mary Martin (b.1913), Broadway musical actress, died in Rancho Mirage, California. Her roles included Peter Pan.
(AP, 11/3/00)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Martin#Filmography)
1990 Nov 4, Douglas Wakiihuri of Kenya and Wanda Panfil of Poland won the New York City Marathon.
(AP, 11/4/00)
1990 Nov 4, Secretary of State James Baker visited US troops in the Saudi Arabian desert.
(AP, 11/4/00)
1990 Nov 4, Iraq issued a new broadside, saying it was prepared to fight a "dangerous war" rather than give up Kuwait.
(AP, 11/4/00)
1990 Nov 5, The US Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 imposed caps on discretionary spending and introduced the “Paygo" rule, forcing tax cuts to be offset by spending cuts. It was enacted as title XIII of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omnibus_Budget_Reconciliation_Act_of_1990)(Econ, 11/20/10, p.30)
1990 Nov 5, Rabbi Meir Kahane, the Brooklyn-born Israeli extremist who campaigned to drive Arabs from Israel, was shot to death after a speech at a New York hotel. Egyptian native El Sayyed Nosair was acquitted of murder and convicted of weapons charges in state court; he was later convicted in connection with the slaying in federal court.
(AP, 11/5/00)
1990 Nov 6, US Democrats increased their congressional voting strength in midterm elections.
(AP, 11/6/00)
1990 Nov 6, William Jefferson became the 1st African American to be elected to Congress from Louisiana since Reconstruction. In 2005 he was under FBI investigation for corruption.
(SFC, 8/4/05, p.A3)
1990 Nov 6, In Texas Ann Richards (1933-2006) narrowly beat oilman Clayton Williams to become state governor.
(Econ, 11/3/12, p.86)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Richards)
1990 Nov 6, About one-fifth of the Universal Studios back lot in southern California was destroyed in an arson fire.
(AP, 11/6/00)
1990 Nov 6, In Saudi Arabia a group of women got into cars and drove the streets of Riyadh in defiance of a government ban. The protest, which made headlines around the world, cost the 47 female drivers and passengers dearly. They were arrested, lost their jobs for 2 1/2 years, were banned from travel for a year and were condemned by the powerful clergy as harlots. This led interior minister Prince Nayef bin Abdul Aziz to ban women from driving.
(AP, 11/14/08)(AFP, 6/16/12)
1990 Nov 7, In some of her strongest remarks during the Persian Gulf crisis, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher warned Iraqi President Saddam Hussein that time was "running out" for a peaceful solution.
(AP, 11/7/00)
1990 Nov 7, Lawrence Durrell (b.1912), expatriate British writer, died in France. His most famous work is the tetralogy The Alexandria Quartet (1957-1960). In 2012 Joanna Hodgkin authored “Amateurs in Eden: The Story of a Bohemian Marriage, Nancy and Lawrence Durrell."
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Durrell)
1990 Nov 7, Mary Robinson was elected as 1st female president of Ireland for a 7 year term. She was later selected as the UN commissioner for human rights.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_presidential_election,_1990)(SFC,10/31/97, p.D3)
1990 Nov 7, In Ivory Coast Alassane Ouattara (b.1942) served as prime minister under Pres. Felix Houphouet-Boigny. He continued in office to 1993.
(Econ, 4/23/11, p.52)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alassane_Ouattara)
1990 Nov 8, The play "6 Degrees of Separation," written by John Guare opened at Vivian Beaumont NYC for 496 performances.
(www.ibdb.com/production.asp?ID=4622)
1990 Nov 8, President Bush ordered a new round of troop deployments in the Persian Gulf, adding up to 150-thousand soldiers to the multinational force facing off against Iraq.
(AP, 11/8/00)
1990 Nov 9, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev signed a historic non-aggression treaty with Germany, winning praise from German leaders in Bonn for his role in the peaceful fall of the Berlin Wall.
(AP, 11/9/00)
1990 Nov 10, Secretary of State James A. Baker the Third returned to Washington, claiming success in his weeklong diplomatic tour aimed at shoring up the anti-Iraq coalition.
(AP, 11/10/00)
1990 Nov 10, Chandra Shekhar was sworn in as India’s new prime minister.
(AP, 11/10/00)
1990 Nov 11, Stormie Jones, the world’s first heart-liver transplant recipient, died at a Pittsburgh hospital at age 13.
(AP, 11/11/00)
1990 Nov 11, In Myanmar Rangoon students Soe Myint and a friend hijacked a plane enroute from Bangkok to Yangon. They made it fly to Calcutta (later Kolkata) by pretending that a bar of soap inside a statuette was a bomb. Myint then launched a news service covering Myanmar from India using underground reporters.
(http://tinyurl.com/kz4vs6d)(Econ, 8/10/13, p.38)
1990 Nov 12, Actress Eve Arden died in Beverly Hills, California, at age 82.
(AP, 11/12/00)
1990 Nov 12, Japanese Emperor Akihito formally assumed the Chrysanthemum Throne.
(AP, 11/12/97)
1990 Nov 13, Secretary of State James A. Baker III told reporters in Hamilton, Bermuda, the Persian Gulf crisis threatened world recession and the loss of American jobs. Members of Congress demanded a larger role in US Gulf policy following President Bush’s decision to send more US troops to the region.
(AP, 11/13/00)
1990 Nov 14, President Bush told congressional leaders he had no immediate plans to go to war in the Persian Gulf.
(AP, 11/14/00)
1990 Nov 14, Simon and Schuster announced it had dropped plans to publish the controversial Bret Easton Ellis novel "American Psycho."
(AP, 11/14/00)
1990 Nov 14, British journalist commentator Malcolm Muggeridge (b.1903) died in Sussex, England. Richard Ingrams authored: "Muggeridge: The Biography" (1996).
(WSJ, 4/17/96, p.A-18) (AP, 11/14/00)
1990 Nov 15, Pres. Bush signed the Clear Air Act of 1990.
(www.epa.gov/history/topics/caa90/02.htm)
1990 Nov 15, The US Senate Ethics Committee began hearings on the "Keating Five," a group of senators accused of going too far in helping failed savings-and-loan owner Charles H. Keating Junior.
(AP, 11/15/00)
1990 Nov 15, Milli Vanilli’s producer confirmed rumors the duo had not done any of the singing on their debut album, "Girl You Know It’s True."
(AP, 11/15/00)
1990 Nov 15, The space shuttle "Atlantis" was launched on a secret military mission.
(AP, 11/15/00)
1990 Nov 16, Four of the so-called "Keating Five" went before the Senate Ethics Committee to deny any wrongdoing in helping failed savings-and-loan owner Charles H. Keating Junior.
(AP, 11/16/00)
1990 Nov 16, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev told an angry Soviet legislature he would fire government and military officials blocking his reform plans.
(AP, 11/16/00)
1990 Nov 17, President Bush, on the first visit to Czechoslovakia by a US president, told a cheering crowd of 100,000 in Prague that "America will stand with you" through hard times ahead.
(AP, 11/17/00)
1990 Nov 18, President Bush began a series of meetings in Paris with allied leaders aimed at solidifying support for his Persian Gulf policies.
(AP, 11/18/00)
1990 Nov 18, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev met at the Vatican with Pope John Paul the Second, who said all possible efforts should be made to avoid war in the Persian Gulf.
(AP, 11/18/00)
1990 Nov 19, The pop duo Milli Vanilli were stripped of their Grammy Award because other singers had lent their voices to the "Girl You Know It's True" album.
(AP, 11/19/98)
1990 Nov 19, US Pres. George H.W. Bush met with Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev in Paris for a 3-day meeting between NATO members and Warsaw Pact nations.
(SSFC, 12/2/18, p.A13)
1990 Nov 19, Leaders of 16 NATO members and the remaining six Warsaw Pact nations signed treaties in Paris making sweeping cuts in conventional arms throughout Europe and pledging non-aggression toward one another. The Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) was signed by the United States and 21 other NATO and WTO countries at a CSCE summit in Paris.
(AP, 11/19/00)(www.fas.org/nuke/control/cfe/chron.htm)
1990 Nov 20, The space shuttle "Atlantis" landed at Cape Canaveral, Florida, after completing a secret military mission.
(AP, 11/20/00)
1990 Nov 20, The Soviet Union again rebuffed President Bush’s efforts to rally support for a UN Security Council resolution authorizing military force against Iraq.
(AP, 11/20/00)
1990 Nov 20, Margaret Thatcher failed to defeat Heseltine's bid for party leadership.
(http://tinyurl.com/krb66)
1990 Nov 21, President Bush arrived in Saudi Arabia, where he conferred with Saudi King Fahd and Kuwait’s exiled emir.
1990 Nov 21, Junk-bond financier Michael R. Milken, who had pleaded guilty to six felony counts, was sentenced by a federal judge in New York to ten years in prison. He served two.
(AP, 11/21/00)
1990 Nov 22, President Bush, his wife, Barbara, and top congressional leaders shared Thanksgiving dinner with US troops in Saudi Arabia.
(AP, 11/22/00)
1990 Nov 22, Three term British PM Margaret Thatcher, having failed to win re-election of the Conservative Party leadership on the first ballot, announced her resignation. In 2009 Richard Vinen authored “Thatcher’s Britain: The Politics and Social Upheaval of the Thatcher Era."
(AP, 11/22/97)(Econ, 5/2/09, p.84)
1990 Nov 23, President Bush conferred separately with Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak in Cairo and Syrian President Hafez Assad in Geneva, seeking Arab support for his drive to expel Iraqi troops from Kuwait.
(AP, 11/23/00)
1990 Nov 23, Roald Dahl (b.1916), British short story author (Sweet Mystery of Life), died. Dahl became widely know for “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" and “James and Giant Peach." From 1953 to 1983 he was married to actress Patricia Neal (1926-2010). In 2010 Donald Sturrock authored “Storyteller: The Authorized Biography of Roald Dahl."
(www.kirjasto.sci.fi/rdahl.htm)(SFC, 8/9/10, p.A6)(SSFC, 10/3/10, p.F4)
1990 Nov 23, Iraq ended curfew in occupied Kuwait, but began calling up army reservists in their thirties.
(AP, 11/23/02)
1990 Nov 24, President Bush returned home from an eight-day tour of Europe and the Middle East, during which he’d lobbied foreign leaders on behalf of his Persian Gulf policy.
(AP, 11/24/00)
1990 Nov 24, In Texas Rosemary Diaz (15) went missing. Her remains were found in 2015 near the Wharton-Matagorda county line following a tip from the family of a man considered a suspect in the case. The suspect had recently died of cancer.
(http://tinyurl.com/p6hvtsh)(SFC, 11/26/15, p.A10)
1990 Nov 25, Poland held its first popular presidential election. Solidarity founder Lech Walesa, who received a plurality of votes, won a runoff the following month.
(AP, 11/25/00)
1990 Nov 26, Five permanent members of U.N. Security Council agreed on peace plan for Cambodia.
(AP, 11/26/02)
1990 Nov 26, Japanese business giant Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. agreed to acquire MCA Inc. for $6.6 billion.
(AP, 11/26/01)
1990 Nov 27, Britain's conservatives chose John Major (47) to succeed Margaret Thatcher as prime minister.
(http://tinyurl.com/jhpbu)
1990 Nov 27, In Switzerland the canton Appenzell Rhodes-Interieur was required to count women’s votes by a decision of the Swiss Federal Tribunal. It was the last Swiss state to finally give women the right to vote.
(Hem., 2/97, p.26)
1990 Nov 28, Tamara De Treaux (b.1959), movie actress, played E.T.; 31 in. tall, died.
(www.imdb.com/name/nm0211972/)
1990 Nov 28, Margaret Thatcher resigned as prime minister of Britain during an audience with Queen Elizabeth II, who conferred the premiership on John Major.
(AP, 11/28/97)
1990 Nov 29, Pres. George H. Bush signed the US Immigration Act of this year allowed up to 10,000 foreign citizens to gain an "employment creation" visa if they would put up $1 million in a job creating enterprise. Immigrant Investor Program, also known as EB-5, was set up to lure foreigners by giving them the right to live and work in the US if they created jobs. The H-1B visa allowed companies to hire a limited number of temporary foreign labor in specialized occupations.
(http://www.americanlaw.com/investor.html)(SFC,12/26/97, p.A8)(Econ, 12/3/11, p.40)(SFC, 2/17/17, p.C1)
1990 Nov 29, The UN Security Council (Resolution 678), led by the United States, voted 12-to-two to authorize military action if Iraq did not withdraw its troops from Kuwait and release all foreign hostages by January 15th, 1991.
(AP, 11/29/00)(SFC, 9/24/02, p.A12)
1990 Nov 30, President Bush announced that Secretary of State James Baker the Third would go to Iraq in a last-ditch diplomatic peace effort.
(AP, 11/30/00)
1990 Nov 30, President Bush named outgoing Florida Governor Bob Martinez to head the nation’s war on drugs.
(AP, 11/30/00)
1990 Nov 30, Harken Energy transferred $20 million in debt to a Harvard partnership, and eliminated another $16 million in debt by transferring assets to Harvard. George W. Bush served as a Harken board member and paid consultant.
(WSJ, 10/9/02, p.A4)
1990 Nov 30, Author Norman Cousins died in Los Angeles at age 75.
(AP, 11/30/00)
1990 Nov, The US stock market began a 4 month decline of 22%.
(SFC,10/17/97, p.B2)
1990 Nov, San Mateo County, Ca., hired contractors to remove some of the soil from Midway Village in Daly City and to cap some areas with concrete patios.
(SFC, 1/19/00, p.A4)
1990 Nov, In Albania private religious practice began to be allowed.
(WA, 1997,CD)
1990 Nov, British Cabinet member Geoffrey Howe resigned as deputy prime minister over PM margaret Thatcher’s refusal to agree on a timetable to join a single European currency.
(Econ, 4/13/13, p.28)
1990 Nov, In Bulgaria Andrei Lukanov fell from power under a wave of protests and strikes.
(SFC, 10/5/96, p.A10)
1990 Nov, In Chad Idriss Deby (37), a guerilla chief, seized power in a coup. His Zaghawa tribe came to dominate the government and was widely opposed by other Chadians from other regions.
(www.atlapedia.com/online/countries/chad.htm)(Econ, 3/4/06, p.42)
1990 Nov, In Naples 2 oil paintings and 17 busts were stolen from the church of Santa Maria degli Angeli alle Croci. In 2009 one of the busts was found in the home of a North Carolina couple who had no idea it was stolen. Authorities told The Charlotte Observer the trail went cold until two years ago, when officials in Rome let federal agents know an Italian citizen sold a similar statue to an antiques dealer from Greensboro.
(AP, 3/21/09)
1990 Nov, In Macedonia a party that advocated a confederation of independent states of Yugoslavia won power.
(SFC, 6/11/96, p.A14)
1990 Dec 1, British and French workers digging the Channel Tunnel between their countries finally met after knocking out a passage in a service tunnel large enough to walk through and shake hands.
(AP, 12/1/00)
1990 Dec 1, Hissene Habre (b.1942), dictator of Chad, was deposed by Idriss Deby and fled to Senegal with $11 million.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiss%C3%A8ne_Habr%C3%A9)(WSJ, 5/31/00, p.A26)
1990 Dec 1, Iraq accepted a US offer to talk about resolving the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 12/1/00)
1990 Dec 2, Composer Aaron Copland died in North Tarrytown, N.Y., at age 90. In 1999 Howard Pollack published "Aaron Copland: The Life and Work of an Uncommon Man."
(AP, 12/2/98)(SFEC, 5/2/99, BR p.4)
1990 Dec 2, Bob Cummings (b.1908), film and TV star, died in Woodland Hills, California.
(www.movieactors.com/actors/robertcummings.htm)
1990 Dec 2, Chancellor Helmut Kohl’s center-right coalition easily won the first free all-German elections since 1932.
(AP, 12/2/00)
1990 Dec 3, A Northwest Airlines DC-9 collided on the ground with a Northwest Boeing 727 at Detroit Metropolitan Airport, resulting in a fire that claimed eight lives.
(AP, 12/3/00)
1990 Dec 3, President Bush began a five-nation South American tour as he arrived in Brazil.
(AP, 12/3/00)
1990 Dec 3, Walter Hickel (1919-2010), former governor of Alaska (1966-1969) and US Interior chief (1969-1970) under Pres. Nixon, took office as Alaska’s 8th governor. He served to Dec 5, 1994.
(SSFC, 5/9/10, p.C8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wally_Hickel)
1990 Dec 4, President Bush, on a five-nation South American tour, said in Uruguay he was not convinced that "sanctions alone" would bring Iraqi President Saddam Hussein "to his senses" about invading Kuwait.
(AP, 12/4/00)
1990 Dec 4, Due to Persian Gulf crisis gas prices hit $1.60 per gallon in NYC.
(http://tinyurl.com/s8h6r)
1990 Dec 4, Eric Larrabee (68), magazine editor, author, arts administrator, teacher and champion of the arts, died at his home in Manhattan. His books included “Commander in Chief: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, His Lieutenants, and Their War" (1987).
(WSJ, 1/12/08, p.W9)(http://tinyurl.com/2j2tkr)
1990 Dec 4, Iraq promised to release 3300 Soviet citizens it was holding.
(AP, 12/4/00)
1990 Dec 5, President Bush, on a visit to Argentina, said he was "not optimistic" that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein would withdraw from Kuwait without a fight.
(AP, 12/5/00)
1990 Dec 6, Shoeless Joe Jackson's signature was sold for $23,100.
(www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/J/Jackson_Joe.stm)
1990 Dec 6, In Bangladesh an opposition campaign led by Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina forced Pres. Hossain Mohammad Ershad to resign.
(Econ, 11/4/06, p.16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hossain_Mohammad_Ershad)
1990 Dec 6, Iraq announced that it would release all its hostages, saying foreigners could begin leaving in two days.
(AP, 12/6/00)
1990 Dec 7, As President Bush arrived in Venezuela on the last stop of his South American tour, his chief spokesman, Marlin Fitzwater, warned Iraq that there was "no lessening in the threat of war," despite Iraq’s promise to release its hostages.
(AP, 12/7/00)
1990 Dec 7, Reinaldo Arenas (b.1943), gay writer, took his own life in the US after suffering from AIDS. He left Cuba during the 1980 Mariel boatlift. His books included “Before Night Falls" (1993) and “The Color of Summer" the 4th of 5 called the “Pentagonia" a “secret history of Cuba." In 2000 the film version of Before Night Falls was directed by Julian Schnabel.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinaldo_Arenas)(SFEC, 7/30/00, BR p.4)(SSFC, 12/17/00, DB p.49)
1990 Dec 8, As former American hostages began leaving Iraq and occupied Kuwait, President Bush—wrapping up his South America tour in Caracas, Venezuela—said the evacuation made for "one less worry I’ve got" in deciding whether to go to war against Baghdad.
(AP, 12/8/00)
1990 Dec 9, The first American hostages to be released by Iraq began arriving in the United States.
(AP, 12/9/00)
1990 Dec 8, In Albania Tirana University students demonstrated in the streets and called for the dictatorship to end. Ramiz Alia met with the students 4 days later; a multiparty system was introduced; the Democratic Party, the first opposition party was established; the regime authorized political pluralism.
(www, Albania, 1998)(SFC, 12/18/00, p.E2)
1990 Dec 9, Lech Walesa, founder of Solidarity, was elected president of Poland in a runoff by a landslide.
(WSJ, 6/11/96, p.A12)(HN, 12/999)(AP, 12/9/00)
1990 Dec 10, A stand-in for Mikhail Gorbachev accepted the 1990 Nobel Peace Prize.
(AP, 12/10/00)
1990 Dec 10, The Food and Drug Administration approved Norplant, a long-acting contraceptive implant.
(AP, 12/10/00)
1990 Dec 10, The space shuttle "Columbia" returned from its tenth mission.
(AP, 12/10/00)
1990 Dec 10, Industrialist Armand Hammer died at age 92.
(AP, 12/10/00)
1990 Dec 11, Ivana Trump was divorced from real estate mogul Donald Trump after 12 years of marriage.
(AP, 12/11/00)
1990 Dec 11, Four people died near downtown Columbus, Ohio, after their hot air balloon hit a television tower and deflated.
(AP, 2/26/13)
1990 Dec 11, In Chattanooga, Ten., 12 died in a 99 vehicle accident on I-75 due to fog.
(www.southeastroads.com/i-075c_tn.html)
1990 Dec 11, Hundreds of foreigners flew out of Iraq and Iraqi-occupied Kuwait, ending four months of captivity following Iraq’s invasion of its oil-rich neighbor.
(AP, 12/11/00)
1990 Dec 12, President Bush announced that he and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev would hold a summit the following February in Moscow.
(AP, 12/11/00)
1990 Dec 12, Lauro Cavazos resigned as US secretary of education.
(AP, 12/11/00)
1990 Dec 13, A final evacuation flight from Iraq arrived in Germany, carrying the US ambassador to Kuwait and his staff, who had endured a 110-day Iraqi siege of their embassy.
(AP, 12/13/00)
1990 Dec 14, President Bush said he would nominate Lynn Martin to succeed Elizabeth H. Dole as labor secretary.
(AP, 12/14/00)
1990 Dec 14, President Bush prodded Iraqi President Saddam Hussein to agree to talks on the Persian Gulf crisis by January third.
(AP, 12/14/00)
1990 Dec 14, A Right to Die case permitted Nancy Cruzan of Missouri to have her feeding tube removed. She died 12 days later.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Cruzan)
1990 Dec 14, In Hong Kong 10 Vietnamese boat people set fire to themselves to protest screening policy that could prevent them from settling in the West.
(AP, 12/14/02)
1990 Dec 14, Friedrich Durrenmatt (b.1921), Swiss author and playwright, died. In 2006 the Univ. of Chicago published a translation of his selected writings in 3 volumes. "What was once thought can never be unthought."
(AP, 11/15/00)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_D%C3%BCrrenmatt)
1990 Dec 15, European Community leaders wrapped up a historic summit in Rome committed to creating a politically unified federation.
(AP, 12/15/00)
1990 Dec 15, With one month left before a UN deadline for Iraq to leave Kuwait, Iraq gave no indication it was prepared to pull out.
(AP, 12/15/00)
1990 Dec 16, Jean-Bertrand Aristide was elected president of Haiti in the country’s first democratic elections. He was overthrown in a military coup in 1991, but was later restored to power.
(AP, 12/16/00)
1990 Dec 17, President Bush pledged "no negotiation for one inch" of Kuwaiti territory would take place as he repeated his demand for Iraq’s complete withdrawal.
(AP, 12/17/00)
1990 Dec 17, President Bush nominated former Tennessee Governor Lamar Alexander to be secretary of education, succeeding Lauro Cavazos.
(AP, 12/17/00)
1990 Dec 17, In the SF Bay Area authorities discovered Jack Upton (30) dead in his apartment at 38780 Tyson Lane in Fremont. In 2019 police arrested Russell Anthony Guerrero of Tempe, Arizona, following a DNA match in the killing.
(SFC, 1/25/19, p.C1)
1990 Dec 18, Less than a month before a UN deadline for Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait, President Bush told reporters he believed Americans would support a military strike, if one proved necessary. In Baghdad, the ruling Revolutionary Command Council said Iraq was "ready for the decisive showdown."
(AP, 12/18/00)
1990 Dec 19, Iraq urged its people to stockpile oil to avoid shortages should war break out, and Saddam Hussein declared he was "ready to crush any attack."
(AP, 12/19/00)
1990 Dec 20, Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze shocked Soviet lawmakers by announcing his resignation, warning that "dictatorship is coming."
(AP, 12/20/00)
1990 Dec 21, British Prime Minister John Major met with President Bush at Camp David, Maryland; afterward, the two leaders expressed their unity on the Persian Gulf crisis.
(AP, 12/21/00)
1990 Dec 21, In Iraq hundreds of thousands of Iraqis participated in an evacuation drill to test war readiness.
(AP, 12/21/00)
1990 Dec 22, Twenty-one sailors returning from shore leave to the aircraft carrier USS "Saratoga" drowned when the Israeli ferry they were traveling on capsized.
(AP, 12/22/00)
1990 Dec 22, Lech Walesa took the oath of office as Poland's first popularly elected president. Ryszard Kaczorowski (1919-2010), the last president of Poland’s government in exile in London, ended his 2-year term. He passed the presidential insignia to Lech Walesa, thus ending the 45-years long episode of the Polish government in exile.
(AP, 12/22/97)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryszard_Kaczorowski)
1990 Dec 23, Saddam Hussein said Israel would be Iraq's 1st target.
(www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/time90s.html)
1990 Dec 23, Slovenians voted overwhelmingly in favor of independence and their republic’s secession from Yugoslavia.
(AP, 12/23/00)(www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3407.htm)
1990 Dec 24, In Lebanon Omar Karami (1934-2014) began serving his first term as prime minister and continued to May 15, 1992.
(AP, 1/1/15)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omar_Karami)
1990 Dec 25, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev won sweeping new powers from the Congress of People’s Deputies.
(AP, 12/25/00)
1990 Dec 25, Romania’s former monarch, King Michael, arrived on his first visit to his homeland since Communist rulers forced him to abdicate four decades earlier. Michael and his companions were stopped by tanks, taken to the airport and forced to leave the country less than 12 hours later.
(AP, 12/25/00)(AP, 12/5/17)
1990 Dec 26, Garry Kasparov beat Anatoly Karpov to retain chess championship.
(http://tinyurl.com/hmp9d)
1990 Dec 26, The US government reported that its 1990 census had counted a total 249 million, 632,692 people. The US census for this year categorized the population as "White, Negro or Black, American Indian (tribe can be listed), Eskimo, Aleut, Asian or Pacific Islander, and other. Specific Asian nationalities could be checked off." The census counted over 1.6 million Chinese Americans with 40% of them in California.
(SFC,12/26/97, p.A21)(SFEC, 2/6/00, Rp.10)(AP, 12/26/00)
1990 Dec 26, Nancy Cruzan, the young woman in an irreversible vegetative state whose case led to a US Supreme Court decision on the right to die, died at a Missouri hospital.
(AP, 12/26/00)
1990 Dec 26, Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev nominated Gennady I. Yanayev to be the Soviet Union’s first vice president. Yanayev helped lead an abortive coup against Gorbachev in August 1991.
(AP, 12/26/00)
1990 Dec 28, The US government reported that its Index of Leading Indicators plunged 1.2% the previous month, the 5th consecutive monthly drop.
(AP, 12/28/00)
1990 Dec 28, Two people died in a subway fire in New York City
(AP, 12/28/00)
1990 Dec 28, 33 people were injured in a trolley collision in Boston.
(AP, 12/28/00)
1990 Dec 29, Iraq denied a report that it was engaged in secret contacts with the US to avert war, and might withdraw from Kuwait before the January 15th United Nations deadline.
(AP, 12/29/00)
1990 Dec 30, Iraq’s information minister (Latif Nussayif Jassim) said President Bush "must have been drunk" when he suggested Iraq might withdraw from Kuwait, and added: "We will show the world America is a paper tiger."
(AP, 12/30/00)
1990 Dec 31, Sci-Fi Channel on cable TV began transmitting.
(www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi?askmonth=12&askday=31)
1990 Dec 31, George Allen, US football coach (LA Rams, Wash Redskins), died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Allen_(football))
1990 Dec, Some 540,000 American troops assembled to drive Iraqi forces from Kuwait.
(WP, 6/29/96, p.A22)
1990 Dec, Investor Kirk Kerkorian said he had bought a 9.8% stake in Chrysler Corp.
(WSJ, 5/15/07, p.A14)
1990 Dec, In Hayward, Ca., Lisa White was murdered and her daughter (10) was allegedly raped. In 1997 Michael Martinez (37) was convicted and sentenced to death. His death sentence was upheld in 2009.
(SFC, 8/14/09, p.D2)
1990 Dec, In Bulgaria the Socialist dominated Parliament formed a coalition government headed by nonparty lawyer Dimitar Popov. It included the opposition Union of Democratic Forces (UDF).
(SFC, 5/2/97, p.A14)
1990 Dec, China opened the A share capital market for Chinese citizens.
(Hem. 1/95, p. 49)
1990 Dec, In Serbia Milosevic won the presidency and his Socialist (formerly Communist) Party captured 194 of 250 parliamentary seats.
(SFC, 6/11/96, p.A14)
1990 Magdalena Abakanowicz (b.1930), Polish sculptor, made her work "Bronze Crowd."
(SFC, 10/26/96, p.B1)(www.abakanowicz.art.pl/)
1990 Jasper Johns painter "Green Angel," encaustic and sand on canvas.
(SFC, 10/29/96, p.F1)
1990 Roy Lichtenstein created his "Reflections on Senorita."
(WSJ, 8/27/98, p.A12)
1990 Robert Rauschenberg created his piece "A Doodle."
(WSJ, 9/25/97, p.A20)
1990 The painting "Au Moulin de la Galette" by Pierre August Renoir sold at auction for $78.1 mil.
(WSJ, 5/16/95, p. A-16)
1990 John Guare wrote his play "Six Degrees of Separation."
(SFEC, 5/30/99, DB p.37)
1990 The book "The Plains of Passion" by Jean Auel (b.1936) was the best-selling fiction work of the year.
(WSJ, 5/24/99, p.R4)(www.geocities.com/auelpage/auel.html)
1990 Buzz Bissinger authored “Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream," the story of a football team in the Texas oil town of Odessa. A film version was released in 2004.
(SSFC, 2/3/13, p.F3)
1990 Artyom Borovik authored “The Hidden War," an account of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.
(WSJ, 7/5/08, p.W8)
1990 Robert Bly published "Iron John," an examination of male cultural passage through myth.
(USAT, 6/28/96, p.6D)
1990 Bryan Burrough and John Helyar authored “Barbarians at the Gate: The Fall of RJR Nabisco," the story of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.’s $25 billion takeover of Nabisco in 1988.
(WSJ, 1/20/07, p.P10)
1990 Carolyn Cassady (1923-2013), wife of Neal Cassady, authored “Off the Road: My Years with Cassady, Kerouac and Ginsberg."
(SSFC, 9/22/13, p.A11)
1990 Ron Chernow wrote "The House of Morgan, " a biography of the banker.
(WSJ, 8/8/97, p.A11)
1990 The 428-page 1st edition of “Valuation: measuring and managing the value of companies" was authored by Tom Copeland, Tim Koller and Jack Murrin. In 2015 a 6th edition counted 825 pages.
(http://tinyurl.com/zurgcvt)(Econ, 4/2/15, p.64)
1990 Kenneth C. Davis published "Don't Know Much About History."
(SFEC, 1/10/99, BR p.9)
1990 Wayne Dynes edited "An Encyclopedia of Homosexuality."
(SFC, 2/27/98, p.A3)
1990 Bret Easton Ellis (26) authored his novel "American Psycho." It was about a wall street trader who moonlights as a serial killer. In 2000 the film version made its premier.
(SFC, 4/12/00, p.E1)
1990 Sir Vivian Fuchs published his autobiography "A Time to Speak." Fuchs had led an expedition across Antarctica in 1958.
(SFC, 11/13/99, p.A22)
1990 William Gibson and Bruce Sterling authored a novel called “The Difference Engine." It described an alternative Victorian era of mechanical computers driven by steam.
(Econ, 3/3/12, TQp.7)
1990 Maurice Graham (1917-2006) authored “Tales of the Iron Road: My Life As King of the Hobos."
(SFC, 11/22/06, p.B7)
1990 Col. David H. Hackworth (1931-2005), Vietnam war veteran, authored “About Face: The Odyssey of an American Warrior."
(SFC, 5/7/05, p.B5)
1990 Dorothy Ray Healey (1915-2006) and historian Maurice Isserman co-wrote “Dorothy Healey Remembers: A Life in the American Communist Party."
(SFC, 8/14/06, p.B8)
1990 Charles Johnson wrote his novel "Middle Passage," which won a National Book Award.
(SFEC, 4/19/98, BR p.1)
1990 Stanley Karnow (1925-2013), American journalist, authored “In Our Image," a companion to a PBS documentary on the Philippines, which won the Pulitzer Prize.
(SFC, 1/28/13, p.C4)
1990 Adam Kufeld published "El Salvador." He had made 8 trips to the country as a photographer between 1985-1989.
(SFEM,11/16/97, p.28)
1990 Charles Kuralt (1934-1997) wrote "A Life on the Road" and it became a No.1 nonfiction bestseller.
(SFC, 7/5/97, p.A5)
1990 Peter Matthiessen published his novel "Killing Mr. Watson." It became the first of a trilogy about a Florida homesteader, who murdered some 5 dozen people over his lifetime.
(SFEC,12/797, p.B11)
1990 James Michener wrote his novel "Pilgrimage" and "The Eagle and the Raven."
(SFC,10/17/97, p.A17)
1990 Richard Milner, anthropologist, authored "Encyclopedia of Evolution." Milner later developed the one-man musical show: "Darwin: Live & in Concert."
(WSJ, 5/8/02, p.AD9)
1990 Ray Monk wrote his biography of "Ludwig Wittgenstein."
(WSJ, 9/27/96, p.A16)
1990 Roger Morris wrote the biography: "Richard Milhaus Nixon."
(SFEC, 2/23/97, BR p.3)
1990 John O’Brien (d.1994) published his novel "Leaving Las Vegas." It was made into a 1995 film and was the semi-autobiographical account about an alcoholic who goes to Las Vegas to drink himself to death.
(SFC, 8/20/98, p.B4)
1990 Eric Orner debuted his comic strip “The Mostly Unfabulous Life of Ethan Green" in a gay community paper in Boston. In 2015 the strip was compiled in “The Completely Unfabulous Social Life of Ethan Green."
(SFC, 3/28/15, p.E1)
1990 Julia Phillips (d.2001 at 57), movie producer, authored ""You’ll Never Eat Lunch in This Town Again," an insider chronicle of Hollywood’s top echelons.
(SFC, 1/3/02, p.A16)
1990 Thomas Pynchon (b.1937) wrote his novel "Vineland."
(SFEC, 4/27/97, BR p.1)(www.pynchon.pomona.edu/bio/facts.html)
1990 Ronald Reagan published his memoir “An American Life."
(SSFC, 6/6/04, A18)
1990 Thomas Sowell (b.1930), African-American economist turned social theorist and political philosopher, authored “Preferential Policies: An International Perspective."
(SFC, 12/30/16, p.A12)
1990 Hallie Crawford Stillwell (d.1997 at 99), a Big Bend Texas pioneer, wrote her autobiography. A sequel was to be completed by her great niece.
(SFC, 8/21/97, p.C4)
1990 Astrophysicist Clifford Stoll authored “The Cuckoo's Egg," a true account of the tracking of a hacker who probed the US's most sensitive secrets, using keywords, such as "thermonuclear war." Stoll's pursuit of a hacker trying to access American computer networks led to the discovery of a West German spy ring.
(www.amazon.com/Cuckoos-Egg-Clifford-Stoll/dp/0671726889)
1990 George Will, political columnist, authored "Men at Work: The Craft of Baseball." He told of how the game was played through extended portraits of manager Tony La Russa, pitcher Orel Hershiser, hitter Tony Gwynn and fielder Cal Ripken Jr.
(WSJ, 5/21/03, p.D10)
1990 Edward O. Wilson (b.1929) published his Pulitzer Prize book: "The Ants," written with Bert Holldobler.
(WSJ, 3/30/98, p.A16)
1990 James P. Womack and Daniel T. Jones wrote "The Machine That Changed the World, a study of Toyota Motor Corp.’s manufacturing methods."
(WSJ, 11/1/96, p.A11)
1990 "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms," a 16th century fictional account of the wars of the three rival kingdoms in China, was published in paperback.
(NH, 7/96, p.58)
1990 David Hare wrote his play "Racing Demon." It was one of three panels about distressed English institutions, i.e. religion, courts and politics. The other two plays were "Murdering Judges" and "Absence of War."
(SFC, 10/23/96, p.E3)
1990 Seamus Heaney (b.1939), Nobel Prize winning poet (1995), wrote the play "The Cure at Troy" based on Sophocles’ play "Philoctetes."
(WSJ, 12/3/97, p.A20)(www.ibiblio.org/ipa/poems/heaney/biography.php)
1990 The magazine "Encounter," edited by Melvin Lasky, closed.
(WSJ, 4/6/01, p.W19)
1990 The Ritz Theater on Broadway was restored and renamed the Walter Kerr Theater.
(SFC, 10/10/96, p.C6)
1990 At the Academy Awards "Driving Miss Daisy" won for best picture and Jessica Tandy won as best actress for her role. Daniel Day-Lewis won for best actor in the film "My Left Foot."
(SFC, 12/22/99, p.C8)
1990 Gross film revenues for the year were $5,021 million with 1,188 million admissions and average ticket price of $4.23.
(WSJ, 4/24/95, p.R-5)
1990 The Comedy TV Network was formed with the merger of HBO’s Comedy Channel and MTV Network’s Ha! It was soon renamed Comedy Central.
(SFC, 4/10/01, p.E1)
1990 The TV show Newhart ended its run in May.
(SFEC, 4/19/98, DB p.38)
1990 The Children’s Television Act forced networks to broadcast 3 hours of educational TV per week.
(NW, 11/11/02, p.57)
1990 The tone poem "The Confession of Isobel Gowdie" was written by Scottish composer James MacMillan. In 1996 his first full length opera, Ines de Castro, premiered at the Edinburgh Int’l. Festival. It was based on a play by dramatist John Clifford, who in turn drew on the baroque play by Portuguese poet Antonio de Ferreira.
(WSJ, 8/28/96, p.A10)
1990 The English National Opera premiered the 1976 2-act opera "Clarissa" by Robin Holloway. It was based on a 1748 novel by Samuel Richardson.
(SFEC, 12/6/98, DB p.35)
1980 The grunge rock group Alice in Chains produced their debut album "Facelift." One track was titled "We Die Young." In 2002 Layne Staley (34), lead singer for Alice in Chains, was found dead in Seattle with obvious signs of drug use.
(SSFC, 4/21/02, p.A28)
1990 The rock group Metallica (f.1981) recorded their album "Metallica" and sold more than 16 million copies worldwide.
(SFC, 7/7/96, DB p.32)(www.metallica.com/timeline.asp)
1990 In Des Moines the 39-floor SunAmerica Center was completed. The architects were Johnson Fein and Pereira Assoc.
(WSJ, 1/3/97, p.B10)
1990 In Los Angeles the 44-story 801 Grand was completed. The architects were Helmuth, Obata & Kassabaum.
(WSJ, 1/3/97, p.B10)
1990 In Yorba Linda, Ca., the privately owned Nixon Library and Birthplace Center was opened. All of Nixon’s original documents, however, were held by the National Archives in Bethesda, Md. A 1997 proposal called for a payment of $26 million and transfer of documents from the National Archives to the Yorba Linda site.
(SFC, 4/5/97, p.A1,13)
1990 In Las Vegas the Excalibur Casino was completed.
(WSJ, 1/21/97, p.A18)
1990 Pope John Paul II put forth his encyclical "Redemptoris Missio," on Christian evangelization and world religions.
(WSJ, 10/16/98, p.W13)
1990 Episcopal Bishop Walter Righter of Iowa ordained Rev. Barry Stopfel, who publicly proclaimed his long-term gay relationship with a lover. The Bishop was later charged with heresy under a 1979 church resolution and then acquitted.
(SFC, 5/16/96, p.A-11)
1990 The Joshi computer virus began forcing users of infected machines to type "Happy Birthday Joshi" to recapture control of their machines.
(Sp., 5/96, p.70)
1990 The George Gustav Heye Center was conjoined with the Smithsonian.
(Wired, Dec., '95, p.117)
1990 Survivors International was founded in Albany, California. It was dedicated to providing medical and psychological treatment to survivors of torture.
(SFC, 7/7/96, Z1 p.5)
1990 Jack E. Counts Jr., an Oklahoma City entrepreneur, founded Glamour Shots Licensing. The business was based on the idea of photographing ordinary women in dazzling garb and makeup.
(WSJ, 5/13/96, p.B-1)
1990 In Arkansas Heidi and Scott Riddle established the nonprofit Riddle Elephant Breeding Farm and Wild Life Sanctuary on 330 acres near Guy.
(SFC,11/17/97, p.A3)
1990 The Atlanta-based International Time Capsule Society was established at Oglethorpe Univ. to promote the study of time capsules. It held a time capsule from 1940 called the "Crypt of Civilization" that was scheduled to be opened in 8113. www.oglethorpe.edu/itcs.
(SFEC, 1/2/00, p.D4)
1990 Bill McCartney, Univ. of Colorado football coach, founded Promise Keepers, an all-male, all-Christian organization to bring men to God, to make them better husbands and fathers, and to further racial reconciliation. The first meeting in Boulder gathered 72 men. Its first rally in 1991 attracted 4,200 participants and by 1996 had a $115 million annual budget. In 1997 the book "Who Are the Promise Keepers" by Ken Abraham was published.
(SFC, 9/26/96, p.A21)(SFC, 8/11/97, p.D5)(SFC, 10/3/97, p.B7)
1990 The new Comiskey Park ballfield opened in Chicago.
(SFEC, 3/16/97, p.B9)
1990 The Negro Leagues Baseball Museum opened in Kansas City.
(SFEC, 4/12/98, p.T4)
1990 Bob Pereyra founded RAIL, Roadracers Association for International Luge, and gave Street Luge a boost.
(WSJ, 9/30/97, p.A20)(www.hickoksports.com/history/streetluge.shtml)
1990 The Pritzker Int’l. Prize for Architecture was awarded to Aldo Rossi (d.1997) of Italy. He had designed the World Theater in Venice and the Museum of Maastricht in the Netherlands.
(SFC, 9/5/97, p.A24)
1990 The World Food Prize was endowed by Iowa businessman John Ruan in honor of Norman Borlaug, father of the "Green Revolution."
(SFC, 10/15/97, p.A15)
1990 The United Nations Association awarded Sally Lilienthal the Eleanor Roosevelt Humanitarian Award.
(SFEC, 9/29/96, Z1 p.3)
1990 The Nobel Prize for economics was awarded to Merton M. Miller (d.2000) of the Univ. of Chicago for his work in the theory of financial economics. William F. Sharpe of Stanford Univ. and Harry Markowitz were also winners. Harry Markowitz won the Nobel Prize for his 1952 theory behind portfolio diversification.
(WSJ, 10/11/95, p. A-1)(WSJ, 4/25/96, p.A-18)(WSJ, 10/21/96, p.A18)(SFC, 10/15/98, p.A2)(SFC, 6/5/00, p.A17)
1990 Octavio Paz of Mexico won the Nobel Prize in literature.
(SFC, 4/20/98, p.A17)
1990 Richard Taylor of Stanford won the Nobel Prize in Physics. He shared the prize with Prof. Henry W. Kendall (d.1999 at 72) for experimental work that led to proof of the existence of quarks.
(SFC, 10/10/96, p.A1)(SFC, 2/17/99, p.C3)
1990 The European Union created the Aristeion (Greek for "the best") Prizes for literature.
(SFC, 9/24/96, p.E3)
1990 Lawrence G. Lawler (d.1997 at 56) was awarded the President’s Award for Outstanding Service to the US. He was an FBI agent and helped create the National Crime Information Center, a computer system that linked law enforcement agencies.
(SFC, 3/26/97, p.C3)
1990 An int’l. agreement set limits on human harvesting of krill at 9 million tons a year. By 1997, the krill population were markedly depleted and new limits were considered.
(SFC, 6/26/97, p.A3)
1990 US Pres. Bush signed a law granting Filipino fighters of WW II US citizenship.
(SFEC,12/14/97, Z1 p.1,4)
1990 The US military budget was about $350 billion a year. That's about $1400 per every man, woman and child, or $5600 per 4 person family.
(NOHY, 3/1990, p.230)
1990 US CIA and military strategist were sent to Colombia to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the local military intelligence.
(SFC, 1/5/98, p.A14)
1990 The US House of Representatives voted to cut aid to El Salvador by 50%.
(WSJ, 1/10/05, p.A10)
1990 The US government returned the island of Kaho’olawe off Maui to the state of Hawaii. It had been used for some 50 years as a bombing range.
(SFEC, 4/6/97, p.T5)
1990 The Financial Action Task Force, a 26 nation organization to fight money laundering was established.
(WP, 6/29/96, p.F3)
1990 The Goals 2000 educational standards program was set up to ensure the production of US high school graduates capable of competing with the Japanese.
(SFEC,12/28/97, BR p.8)
1990 Pres. Bush imposed sanctions against Pakistan under the 1986 Pressler Amendment when he was unable to certify that Pakistan did not have a nuclear bomb. This stopped the sale of 28 F-16 airplanes to Pakistan for which $658 million was already paid to General Dynamics. Pakistan had ordered and paid for 71 F-16 fighter bombers. $157 million was returned. In 1998 New Zealand agreed to lease the planes for about $105 million and the money to be paid to Pakistan.
(SFC, 5/9/97, p.E2)(SFC, 5/29/98, p.A15)(SFC, 12/3/98, p.A18)
1990 A US law was passed that would require sanctions on certain countries engaged in missile trade.
(WSJ, 6/12/96, p.A4)
1990 The US Congress passed a law that required airlines to reduce the number of noisy airplanes. The noisiest Stage 2 planes were to be eliminated entirely by 2000. Stage 2 planes were replaced by quieter Stage 3 models.
(SFEC, 12/20/98, p.A36)
1990 The US government enacted the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act.
(SFC, 9/3/98, p.A10)(Arch, 11/04, p.4)
1990 The US passed a luxury tax that hurt many companies and whole industries (e.g. yacht-building).
(WSJ, 4/8/96, p.A-16)
1990 The US Congress mandated that oil companies put air-cleaning chemicals into gasoline to reduce carbon monoxide and smog in the largest urban centers.
(SFC, 9/15/97, p.A1)
1990 The US Congress passed the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act of 1990 (CWPPRA).
(NH, 2/05, p.46)
1990 The US Justice Department sued the Virginia Military Institute to allow young women entry into the 1300-man institute. In 1996 the Supreme court upheld the suit.
(WSJ, 6/27/96, p.B7)
1990 Smoking was banned on US domestic flights 6 hours or less.
(WSJ, 1/27/04, p.D12)
1990 In Arizona Debra Jean Milke was found guilty in the 1989 death of her son (4). The case rested on her purported confession, which was not recorded, to hire two men to kill her son. Milke spent 22 years on death row before her case was dismissed in 2014.
(SFC, 12/12/14, p.D5)
1990 Prof. Theodore Sarbin (1911-2005) of UC Berkeley co-wrote the report “Gays in Uniform: The Pentagon’s Secret Reports." The report prompted Pres. Clinton’s policy of “don’t ask, don’t tell."
(SFC, 9/3/05, p.B4)
1990 Michael Milken, chief of the Los Angeles brokerage house Drexel Burnham Lambert, Inc., was convicted on six felony counts connected to stock market fraud. At the time he was making $500 million per year and in the 80's helped finance a $4 billion casino boom in Las Vegas. A chronicle of insider trading on Wall Street is in James B. Steward's "Den of Thieves." Milken served 2 years in prison. He agreed to pay $600 million in fines and restitution.
(RNR, 7/19/95, p.9-10)(WSJ, 9/5/96, p.C1)(WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R42)
1990 Kezar Stadium in San Francisco’s Goldengate Park was reconstructed as a multisport facility.
(SFC, 7/29/97, p.A8)
1990 Josie’s Cabaret and Juice Joint, a gay comedy club, opened in the Castro district of San Francisco. It was scheduled to close Jan 2, 1999.
(SFEC, 11/29/98, DB p.35)
1990 The 221-room Tuscan Inn at San Francisco’s Fisherman’s Wharf was constructed.
(SFC, 7/18/98, p.B1)
1990 Susan Claymon (d.2000 at age 61) co-founded Breast Cancer Action in SF and helped organize the first advocacy meetings in 1991.
(SFC, 1/21/00, p.D7)
1990 Richard and Rhoda Goldman, SF philanthropists, founded the Goldman Prize to provide cash awards for grass-roots environmentalist activity in 7 major geographic regions.
(SFC, 4/14/97, p.A1)(www.goldmanprize.org/)(SFC, 4/22/02, p.A3)
1990 Doug Tompkins founded the Foundation for Deep Ecology in SF after his wife eased him out of the fashion firm, Esprit Corp.
(SFC, 7/15/02, p.E1)
1990 The National Lesbian & Gay Journalists Association (NLGJA) was founded by Leroy Aarons (d.2004) and 6 other journalists in San Francisco.
(SFC, 9/4/10, p.E2)
1990 San Francisco Mayor Art Agnos called for the embarcadero Freeway to be removed.
(SSFC, 10/17/04, p.A22)
1990 San Francisco’s South of Market was rezoned in the hopes that private development would infill the empty, deserted factories.
(SFC, 8/18/96, p.E6)
1990 San Francisco police halted the Burning Man torching ceremony on Baker Beach. Larry Harvey the founder of the event then hooked up with the SF Cacophony Society, a gang of fun-loving provocateurs, and moved the fiery scene to Black Rock Desert, Nv.
(SFC, 7/19/96, p.D1,12)
1990 The SF medical examiner’s office was investigated by a Grand Jury on reports of illegal gifts.
(SFC, 8/17/96, p.A24)
1990 In San Francisco the Mount Zion Medical Center merged with UCSF.
(SFC, 6/17/99, p.A10)
1990 A.W. Clausen, head of the SF-based Bank of America, retired and was succeeded by Richard Rosenberg. He proceeded to acquire banks in Oregon and Arizona.
(SFC, 4/14/98, p.B4)
1990 The Ritz-Carlton opened on Stockton St., SF., in the former western headquarters of Metropolitan Life Insurance.
(SFC, 9/10/98, p.B4)
1990 The Southern Pacific Railroad spun off its oil and gas exploration business to form Santa Fe Energy Resources in Houston. Its 1995 revenues were $442 mil. Land holdings were spun off to form Catellus, the San Francisco real estate development company which owns about 855,000 acres, mostly in Ca., including the 313-acre Mission Bay in SF.
(SFC, 7/8/96, p.D1)
1990 Danielle Steele, SF-based fiction writer, paid between $5-6 million for the 15,000-sq.-foot Spreckels estate.
(SFC, 11/20/98, p.A21)
1990 Danny Phat Vong, a leader of the SF Chinatown youth gang Wah Ching, was slain. A month later a retaliatory attack outside the Purple Onion in North Beach wounded 6 and killed a member of the Wo Hop To triad, a Hong Kong based crime syndicate. The clash occurred as Peter Chong, the Wo Hop To’s leader in California, tried to build a unified syndicate out of disparate Northern California gang organizations.
(SFC, 1/7/97, p.A10)(SFC, 4/27/98, p.A20)
1990 Idaho Gov. Cecil Andrus was elected to a 4th term with 68% of the vote.
(SSFC, 3/27/17, p.C3)
1990 Joseph Nye of Harvard Univ. coined the term “soft power" to define the ability of a country to hold international sway by getting others to want what it wants without the use of military power.
(Econ, 9/5/15, p.59)
1990 The Mississippi Legislature passed the Mississippi Gaming Control Act allowing casinos in counties along the Mississippi River and the Gulf Coast.
(SFC, 9/6/05, p.A8)
1990 New Jersey enacted a gun control law that listed 37 models by name and covered others that were substantially identical. The US Supreme Court in 2001 refused to hear a challenge.
(SFC, 11/27/01, p.A3)
1990 In Washington DC the Rev. George A. Stallings Jr. and his breakaway African-American Catholic Congregation, which encouraged the ordination of women and the use of birth control and abortion, were excommunicated for breaking ties with the Vatican.
(AP, 5/5/06)
1990 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, pioneered a school voucher program.
(Econ, 2/14/15, p.23)
1990 In the US the ratio of executive pay to that of the average worker rose to 107 to 1.
(Econ, 11/26/05, p.75)
1990 Some 610 hedge funds in the US controlled about $39 billion in assets. By 2000 the number of hedge funds increased to 3,873 with $490 billion in assets. Estimates in 2006 counted over 9,000 funds with $1.3 trillion in assets.
(Econ, 11/18/06, p.75)
1990 Leon Black founded Apollo Management LP, a private equity firm. In 2007 it was valued at around $15 billion.
(WSJ, 4/7/07, p.B1)
1990 Harold "RED" Poling became Ford’s chairman and CEO.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)
1990 Ford launched the Explorer, which soon became the best-selling SUV in America. Sales peaked in 2000 at 445,000 units.
(WSJ, 12/22/08, p.B2)
1990 Joan Kroc (d.2003 at 75), widow of Ray Kroc (founder of McDonald's Corp.), sold the San Diego Padres to a group led by LA TV producer Tom Werner.
(SFC, 10/13/03, p.A19)
1990 McDonald’s switched to vegetable oil and added beef flavoring to improve the cholesterol-producing profile of its french fries.
(SFC, 9/4/02, p.A14)
1990 McDonnell Douglas Corp. introduced the MD-11 jumbo jet.
(WSJ, 9/19/00, p.A1)
1990 The Uniroyal Goodrich Tire Co. was acquired by Groupe Michelin of France.
(WSJ, 5/28/96, R45)
1990 MGM Studios was sold to Giancarlo Parretti, Italian financier, for $1.3 billion with financing by the French Credit Lyonnais bank. In 1996 he lost control on claims of mismanagement and loan default and was convicted on charges of perjury and evidence tampering.
(SFC, 1/4/97, p.A3)
1990 Proctor & Gamble bought the Hawaiian Punch beverage business from Del Monte for $150 million.
(SFC, 3/1/97, p.B1)
1990 Time Warner bought Sunset Magazine from Lane Publishing, co-owned by publisher and conservationist Melvin B. Lane (1922-2007). His father had bought Sunset, a tourist-oriented travel magazine, in 1928.
(SFC, 8/2/07, p.B5)
1990 Fore Systems Inc. of Warrendale, Pa. introduced the first ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) hardware for computer networks. It allowed data to be transferred at 2.5 billion bits per second. It was already being adopted by the phone companies and cable-TV operators. It was founded by 4 teachers and researchers and went public in 1994.
(WSJ,11/14/94, p.R27)(WSJ, 5/14/97, p.A1)
1990 The World Wide Web server prototype was built. The Archie file transfer protocol was developed. A semi-crawler search engine was built.
(SFC, 2/2/08, p.C1)
1990 Col Needham of Bristol, England, founded IMDb, an Internet Movie Database, and sold it to Amazon.com in 1998.
(SFC, 2/8/02, p.D18)
1990 Joseph Volpe took over as head of the NYC Metropolitan Opera. He had come to the Met in 1963 as a carpenter and high school graduate. In 2006 he authored “The Toughest Show On Earth: My Rise and Reign At the Metropolitan Opera."
(WSJ, 5/5/06, p.W8)
1990 Wells Fargo completed 4 acquisitions: Valley National Bank of Glendale, Central Pacific Corp. of Bakersfield, Torrey Pines Group of Solana Beach, and Citizens Holding in Orange County. An agreement was also reached to purchase 130 branches of Great American Bank.
(SFC, 6/9/98, p.A10)
1990 Toy company FAO Schwartz sold out to Dutch Company Koninklijke Bijenkorf Beheer.
(WSJ, 11/21/03, p.B1)
1990 The NTT (New Technology Telescope) in Chile, the pride of the European astronomical community was inaugurated. Its mirrors span 3.5 meters and is the first telescope built with active or computer assisted optics.
(NG, p.25-26,an, 94)
1990 Thomas Campana Jr., Chicago-area engineer, created a system to send e-mails between computers and wireless devices. He founded a company called NTP that filed suit in 2001 against Research In Motion (RIM), maker of the BlackBerry wireless device.
(SFC, 12/1/05, p.C8)
1990 Prof. David Patterson began writing about IRAM, intelligent random access memory, the possibility of including memory into the design of microprocessors. He originated the concept of RISC, reduced instruction set computing.
(WSJ, 8/28/98, p.B1)
1990 MIT robotics researchers founded iRobot. In 2002 the company came up with Packbot, a robot to help soldiers deal with IEDs, and Roomba, a consumer robot for cleaning floors. iRobot went public in 2005.
(Econ, 3/29/14, SR p.10)
1990 A digital method for transmitting TV pictures was invented.
(WSJ, 4/10/00, p.B2)
1990 At the Mayo Clinic a lung transplant program was begun.
(SFC, 7/5/96, PM, p.5)
1990 The KE family were brought to the attention of the scientific community about this time. Over three generations of this family, about half the family members suffer from a number of problems, the most obvious of which is severe difficulty in speaking. A mutation of the FOXP2 brain gene was later related to language loss.
(http://www.evolutionpages.com/FOXP2_language.htm)(Econ, 12/31/11, p.67)
1990 GHB, gamma hydroxy butyrate, began to be reported as a cause of illnesses. The paint thinner gamma butyl lactone was being mixed with water and alcohol that when ingested metabolized to GHB, later called "liquid ecstasy" or "blue nitro."
(SFC, 1/14/99, p.A16)
1990 The Human Genome Project began and planned to sequence all human DNA by 2005. The database did not just store sequences, but linked them with citations to enable new discoveries. James Watson served as its 1st head. His opposition to gene patents helped force him from the position in 1992.
(Wired, 8/96, p.198)(SFEM, 7/30/00, p.10)
1990 The amoeba Balamuthia mandrillaris was first discovered in a mandrill baboon. In 2001 it was reported to have destroyed the brain of a 3-year-old girl in the SF Bay area.
(SFC, 4/20/01, p.A1)(SFC, 4/21/01, p.A1)
1990 The SARII group of bacteria was first identified. This group constituted about a third of the single-celled organisms in the ocean.
(Econ, 2/16/13, p.79)
1990 The Cosmic Background Explorer satellite (COBE) proved that cosmic radiation formed a perfect "blackbody" spectrum, which was expected if the universe was once jammed into a very dense state.
(WSJ, 6/28/01, p.A1)
1990 A school voucher program was begun in Milwaukee. Low income families of several thousand students used state-funded vouchers to send their children to private schools. Results were being disputed in 1996.
(WSJ, 8/16/96, p.A6)(WSJ, 10/11/96, p.A1)
1990 Wendy Kopp founded Teach for America, a non-profit organization that invited graduates from top universities to spend the 1st 2 years of their careers teaching children from low-income families.
(www.fastcompany.com/social/2007/profiles/profile38.html)(Econ, 8/1/09, p.49)
1990 The US population was about 250 million people.
(NOHY, 3/1990, p.222)
1990 A study by the US National Academy of Sciences indicated that shrimp fishing was responsible for the death of some 50,000 sea turtles in US waters each year.
(SFC, 7/10/96, p.A2)
1990 The US Oil Pollution Act (OPA) was passed. It required new tankers sailing through US waters to have double hulls and that old tankers be fitted with double hulls by 2015. It capped liability for economic damages at $75 million.
(SFC, 5/27/96, p.A11,15)(Econ, 5/22/10, p.68)
1990 A study by the US EPA found that leaf-blowers were responsible for about 5% of the nation’s harmful airborne pollutants.
(SFC, 8/5/05, p.B1)
1990 A US law allowed a dolphin-safe label for cans of tuna not netted with dolphins. A 1997 amendment allowed the label for tuna harvested with encircling nets if observers witnessed no dolphins harmed.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.C14)
1990 About 50 million tons of artificial nitrogen fertilizers were being used on a global scale.
(NOHY, Weiner, 3/90, p.51)
1990 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued its 1st report on global warming. Its 3rd report in 2001 noted that global temperatures could rise 2.5 to 10.4 degrees during the 21st century.
(NH, 4/1/04, p.61)
1990 John C. Sawhill (d.2000 at 63) took over as head of the Nature Conservancy. By 200 he raised the membership from 519,000 to 1.1 million.
(SFC, 5/24/00, p.A28)
1990 Specific details on the stockpile at the Oregon Umatilla Munitions depot was classified until the early 1990s.
(SFEC, 4/27/97, p.A18)
1990 A World Bank estimate reckoned that 46% of the developing world’s population fell below the accepted poverty line of $1.25 a day at purchasing-power parity. By 2005 the rate had fallen to 27%.
(Econ, 9/25/10, p.34)
1990 The shrinking Aral Sea between Kazakstan and Uzbekistan split in two with a patch of desert in between.
(SFC, 11/30/98, p.A11)
1990 A 50-foot female T. rex, 65 million years old, was discovered on a Cheyenne River Reservation in South Dakota by Sue Hendrickson. The government seized the skeleton in 1992 and in 1997 it was put up for auction by Sotheby’s on behalf of Maurice Williams, a Sioux Indian and owner of the ranch where it was found. The proceeds will be held in trust by the government. Backers of the Chicago Field Museum of Natural History paid $8.36 million.
(SFEC, 9/28/97, p.A13)(SFC,12/897, p.A3)
1990 The Pistol Star, located between the Earth and center of the Milky Way, was first seen with infrared equipment in 1990. It was measured to be 25,000 light-years away with a radius of 93-140 million miles. It was estimated to have formed 1-3 million years ago and shed much of its mass in violent eruptions estimated to have occurred about 6,000 years ago.
(USAT, 10/8/97, p.3A)
1990 The Zodiac serial killer began to strike in New York City.
(SFC, 6/20/96, p.C12)
1990 In Virginia Thomas H. Beavers raped and suffocated a 61-year-old widow. He was executed in Greensville in 1997 by lethal injection.
(SFC,12/15/97, p.B1)
1990 American innkeeper Michael Devine was murdered in Guatemala. Allegations have been made that Guatemalan colonel, Julio Roberto Alpirez on CIA payroll, was involved. A review in 1996 showed that Alpirez was on the CIA payroll from 1988-1992 and that he was involved in the cover-up of the murder of Devine and had participated in the interrogation and likely torture of Efraim Bamaca, a captured Guatemalan guerrilla married to an American lawyer.
(SFC, 5/4/96, p.A-6)(SFC, 5/7/96, p.A-10)
1990 In Gainesville, Fla., Danny Rolling murdered 5 college students. He became known as the Gainesville slasher and later collaborated with Sondra London, who wrote his confessions, and sold his art and autographs. The money earned was seized in 1997 when a Florida judge issued a ruling based on a state law that barred convicted felons from profiting from their stories, artwork and autographs.
(SFC, 1/2/98, p.A11)
1990 Joan Brown, painter, died. She taught at UC Berkeley from 1974-1990.
(SFEC, 9/20/98, DB p.31)
1990 Former showgirl Paulette Goddard, born Marion Levy in 1911, died. She left $20 million to NYU, a fortune from 4 previous marriages to Edgar James, lumber company owner, Charlie Chaplin, author, Burgess Meredith, actor, and Erich Marie Remarque, author.
(SFEM, 12/15/96, Par p.4)
1990 Armand Hammer (b.1898), American businessman, died. The 1996 book: "Dossier: The Secret History of Armand Hammer" by Edward Jay Epstein revealed that Armand was a Soviet agent for much of his life.
(WSJ, 10/3/96, p.A12)
1990 Keith Haring (b.1958), artist, died. He began as a graffiti scrawler.
(WSJ, 5/26/00, p.W14)
1990 Jay Lovestone, former US Communist who turned anti-Communist, died at age 90. In 1999 Ted Morgan published the Lovestone biography: "A Covert Life."
(WSJ, 5/19/99, p.A20)
1990 Lewis Mumford (1895-1990), writer, died. He wrote over 30 books and a column for the New Yorker that ran 63 years. He wrote in an angry allusive style and played the role of prophet. His work included "The Culture of Cities."
(Wired, 8/96, p.168)(WSJ, 12/9/98, p.A20)
1990 Michael Oakeshott (b.1901), London School of Economics prof. of political science, died. In 2004 Paul Franco authored “Michael Oakeshott: An Introduction." Oakeshott’s books included “On Human Conduct" (1975).
(Econ, 12/4/04, p.84)
1990 In Algeria General Mohamed “Toufik" Mediene began heading the DRS, the country’s intelligence directorate.
(Econ, 9/21/13, p.51)
1990 The Europe and North Africa group formed. It gathered leaders from North Africa — Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Mauritania and Libya — with leaders from France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and Malta.
(AP, 12/6/03)
1990 The Australian firm Thomas Hardy & Sons, a family firm that had made wine for 160 years, entered the market in Europe with an investment in Domaine de la Baume in Languedoc, France.
(WSJ, 5/30/03, p.A3)
1990 Bangladesh Chief Justice Shahabuddin Ahmed took over a caretaker government for three months to oversee elections after the ouster of military ruler Hossain Mohammad Ershad.
(AP, 3/6/13)
1990 Bangladesh authorities were warned that arsenic was seeping from the subsoil into the water supply through the cheap surface wells. The adjoining Indian Province of West Bengal first noticed the problem. The wells were dug by UNICEF in an effort to provide clean water.
(SFC, 7/30/97, p.A8)(WSJ, 6/24/05, p.W9)
1990 In Belize legislation was drafted to privatize the ship-registry industry and the registration of off-shore companies. The draft was made by lawyers of Mr. Ashcroft’s BHI Corp., the largest company in Belize.
(WSJ, 9/19/96, p.A14)
1990 In Bosnia the Serb Democratic Party was founded by Radovan Karadzic.
(SFC, 12/25/98, p.B8)
1990 In Brazil US pop star Michael Jackson landed by helicopter at the top of one of Rio de Janeiro’s most notorious favelas and sang “They Don’t Care About Us."
(Economist, 10/13/12, SR p.18)
1990 In Brazil Maria das Gracas Marcal, a 2nd generation scavenger, helped found the Street Scavengers Association. It grew to become a model organization of uniformed scavengers that collected 15% of the total waste of downtown Belo Horizonte.
(SFC,11/17/97, p.A14)
1990 In Brazil Wagner Conhedo, a trucking operator, obtained a $7 mil loan from Paulo Cesar Farias, campaign finance chief of then Pres. Collor, to purchase the Vasp SA airline. Orestes Quercia, governor of the state that privatized Vasp, made agreements with Conhedo to ease a towering debt burden that later cost the state millions of dollars when Conhedo fell behind in payments.
(WSJ, 7/1/96, p.A6)
1990 In Brazil Chico Mendes, environmental activist and a leader of Amazon rubber tappers in the state of Acre, was murdered. Darli Alves da Silva and his son, Darci, were convicted in the murder case.
(SFC, 7/2/96, p.A12)
1990 Hugh Loebner agreed with The Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies to underwrite a contest designed to implement the Turing Test. Dr. Loebner pledged a Grand Prize of $100,000 and a Gold Medal for the first computer whose responses were indistinguishable from a human's. Robert Epstein co-founded the prize with Hugh Loebner. The first competition was held in November, 1991.
(http://www.loebner.net/Prizef/loebner-prize.html)(Econ, 5/7/11, p.92)
1990 ARM Holdings PLC, a multinational semiconductor and software company, was founded. It is headquartered in Cambridge, United Kingdom. The acronym ARM, first used in 1983, originally stood for "Acorn RISC Machine." However, when the company was incorporated in 1990, the acronym was changed to stand for "Advanced RISC Machines" in the company name "Advanced RISC Machines Holdings." Then, at the time of the IPO in 1998, the company name was changed to "ARM Holdings"
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_Holdings)
1990 A British prisoner riot in Strangeways in Manchester lasted 25 days and left one prisoner dead. In the wake of the riot a British Conservative white paper concluded: “We know that prison ‘is an expensive way of making bad people worse’." That report also argued that there should be a range of community-based sentences, which would be cheaper and more effective alternatives to prison.
(AP, 12/17/16)(http://tinyurl.com/ybgteel6)
1990 Bulgaria’s Parliament chose philosopher Zhelyu Zhelev as president. He won the first democratic election in 1992 remaining in office until 1997.
(AFP, 2/1/15)
1990 In Cameroon multi-party politics was allowed for the first time.
(Econ, 3/1/08, p.50)
1990 The Canadian Parliament began tracking attendance.
(SFC, 3/25/98, p.C14)
1990 The first exchange traded fund (ETF), an open ended mutual fund, was created by the Toronto Stock Exchange.
(Econ, 4/21/07, p.83)(http://tinyurl.com/38dajn)
1990 Canada-based Bombardier took over American-based Learjet.
(Econ, 1/4/14, p.23)
1990 Chile’s Gen’l. Pinochet ended the legal practice of allowing abortions to protect the health of the mother. Such abortions had been legal since 1931.
(Econ, 8/12/17, p.27)
1990 In China Zhao Weishan (b.1951) founded the Eastern Lightning religious cult in Henan. He later fled to the United States from where he continued to lead the church.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Lightning)
1990 China promulgated the Basic Law, a mini-constitution for post-1997 Hong Kong.
(SFC, 7/1/97, p.A8)
1990 Shanghai, China, became an autonomous municipality. Shanghai Center, a joint venture city within a city, opened.
(Hem., 2/97, p.72)(SFCM, 3/20/05, p.28)
1990 In China the local bingtuan militia put down an uprising by Uighurs near Kashgar, Xinjiang province, leaving 50 Uighurs dead.
(Econ, 5/25/13, p.45)
1990 China launched stock markets.
(Econ, 1/9/16, p.36)
1990 The Chinese census counted 1,133,680,000 people.
(SFC, 10/14/00, p.A12)
1990 China consumed 2.4 million barrels of oil per day leaving 400,000 barrels per day of domestic production for export. By 2008 consumption rose to over 7 million barrels per day with about half of that coming from imports.
(Econ, 3/15/08, SR p.8)
1990 The super bull Rombi was lent by a German cattle institute to Bosnia and got stuck there throughout the war, but survived.
(WSJ, 3/20/96, p.A-1)
1990 In Chile Gen’l. Pinochet sent troops into the streets of Santiago as a warning to drop an official investigation into his son’s business dealings.
(SFC, 12/9/96, p.A18)
1990 Colombia’s Presidential Program for Reinsertion was founded by the government to help an estimated 7,500 former rebels integrate into society with a variety of assistance programs.
(SFC, 11/18/99, p.A17)
1990 In Colombia an army offensive routed the FARC from its rear-guard retreat in Uribe, but the rebels regrouped and grew to 15,000 fighters.
(SFC, 1/8/99, p.A13)
1990 In Colombia Jacobo Arenas, FARC political idealogue, died of a heart attack. He was replaced by Alfonso Cano.
(Econ, 2/28/04, p.37)
1990 In Czechoslovakia Radomil Hill, distiller, began brewing absinthe and selling it to bars in Prague and elsewhere.
(WSJ, 12/24/96, p.A1)
1990 In Eritrea Massawa was liberated from Ethiopian forces.
(SFC, 6/11/97, p.C2)
1990 The Venice Commission was created by 18 member states to advise the Council of Europe on constitutional matters after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Its official name is the European Commission for Democracy through Law. By 2012 it included 47 members.
(www.venice.coe.int/site/main/Presentation_E.asp)
1990 The files of Stasi, the East German state security police, were opened to the public. The East German state security police had attempted to destroy all records but shredding machines overheated and much evidence was torn up by hand. A publicly funded project was begun to reconstruct the shredded evidence.
(WSJ, 12/27/96, p.A6)(WSJ, 2/4/97, p.A14)
1990 Maria Casares (1922-1996) won the French National Grand prix of Theater.
(SFC, 11/25/96, p.B2)
1990 Bui Tin, a former Vietnamese army journalist, defected to France during a trip for a meeting organized by l'Humanite communist newspaper in Paris.
(AP, 8/12/18)
1990 In Greece conservatives returned to power and elected Constantine Karamanlis to the 5-year post of president.
(SFC, 4/23/98, p.B4)
1990 In Haiti the first democratic elections were held and won by Jean-Bertrand Aristide, a left-leaning former Catholic priest.
(SFC, 3/9/99, p.A12)
1990 In Honduras some 2,000 members of 7 leftist clandestine organizations accepted and amnesty.
(SFEC, 3/7/99, p.A22)
1990 In India Prime Minister V.P. Singh announced that the government would set aside 27% of public sector jobs for the backward castes. This caused riots by the upper castes and the toppling of his government.
(WSJ, 5/10/96, p.A-4)
1990 India enacted its Armed Forces Special Powers Act which made civilian courts powerless to initiate criminal prosecutions against security forces in disturbed areas without federal permission.
(SSFC, 12/2/07, p.A24)
1990 The Bargi Dam along India’s Narmada River was completed. Many uprooted families moved to the slums of Jabalpur.
(SFC, 1/17/02, p.A9)
1990 In Iran the Fertility Regulation Council was established.
(SFC, 5/15/98, p.D2)
1990 In Iraq Gen’l. Omar al-Hazza was executed after becoming increasingly critical of Saddam Hussein.
(SFC, 1/31/97, p.A13)
1990 It was reported in 1998 that evidence was found that Iraq put VX nerve gas into missile warheads prior to the Gulf War.
(SFC, 6/23/98, p.A10)
1990 Iraq produced large amounts of biological agents for weapons. In late 1990 Iraqi scientists tested ricin as a biological weapon in an artillery shell.
(SFEC, 3/7/99, p.A18)(WSJ, 7/18/03, p.A1)
1990 In Israel Victor Ostrovsky, a former agent of Mossad, published a book about the security agency.
(SFC, 2/25/98, p.A8)
1990 Israelis began investing in Romania and by 2006 had put in as much as $2 billion, much of it routed through 3rd countries in order to take advantage of tax deals.
(WSJ, 10/4/06, p.A1)
1990 In Naples some $60 million vanished in incomplete construction sites for the soccer World Cup Tournament.
(SFC, 2/13/98, p.A12)
1990 In Italy the Leaning Tower of Pisa was closed off to tourists for fear of its falling over. The tilt was reduced by 16 inches over the next 11 years and re-opening was scheduled in 2001.
(WSJ, 2/16/99, p.A1)(SFC, 4/7/01, p.A11)
1990 In Italy the Northern League began annual rallies as a cry for independence.
(Reuters, 7/3/18)
1990 Ivory Coast held its first multi-party poll.
(Econ, 8/20/16, p.38)
1990 A 173-page memoir by Japanese Emperor Hirohito (1901-1989), created at the request of Gen. Douglas MacArthur and dictated to the emperor’s aides soon after the end of the war, was published in Japan. It covers events from the Japanese assassination of Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin in 1928 to the emperor's surrender broadcast recorded on Aug. 14, 1945. On Dec. 6, 2017, the transcript of the memoir was sold at auction in NYC for $275,000.
(AP, 12/5/17)(SFC, 12/8/17, p.A2)
1990 Shintaro Ishihara (b.1932), a member of Japan’s House of Representatives, authored “The Japan That Can Say No," in which he outlines what Japan must do in order to be the mainspring of the new world order.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shintaro_Ishihara)
1990 The film "Dreams" was directed by Akira Kurosawa.
(SFC, 9/7/98, p.A21)
1990 Japan raised its interest rates and ordered banks to curtail property lending. This resulted in a major crash in land values. Speculation in domestic real estate, stocks, overpriced overseas investments, and foreign pressure to force the value of the yen upward causes a collapse of the "bubble economy."
(WSJ, 11/30/95, p.A-1)(Jap. Enc., BLDM, p. 217)
1990 Chiyo Uno (1897-1996) was awarded a title by the emperor and named a "person of cultural merit." Her best known book was "Ohan" (1957).
(SFC, 6/11/96, p.A21)(http://asian-literature.suite101.com/article.cfm/uno_chiyo)
1990 The Sakura Bank was created from the merger of Mitsui Bank and Taiyo Kobe Bank.
(WSJ, 10/15/99, p.A10)
1990 Fusako Sano (9) disappeared while walking home in Sanjo in Niigita Prefecture. In 2000 she was found held hostage at the home of Nobuyuki Sato (37), 35 miles away from where she was kidnapped.
(SFC, 4/11/00, p.A12)
1990 In Lebanon Al-Manar was founded to give voice to Hezbollah the Shiites. In 1997 Al-Manar Television received a broadcasting license from the Lebanese government. In 2004 the US designated it as a terrorist entity.
(WSJ, 7/28/06, p.A1)
1990 In Lesotho King Moshoeshoe II was forced into exile after a series of 3 military coups ousted him from the throne. His son Letsie assumed the throne.
(LVRJ, 11/1/97, p.14A)
1990 In Madagascar the Malagasy government agreed to an environmental action plan that called for the creation of national parks and protected areas.
(SFC, 6/23/96, Z1 p.5)
1990 Melchizedek was founded as a Pacific island nation by Tzemech Ben David Netzer Koren of Belmont, Ca.
(SFC, 12/18/98, p.D2)
1990 Mexico created a National Human Rights Commission.
(Econ, 2/16/08, p.44)
1990 Mexican physician Humberto Alvarez Machain was abducted by operatives of the US government. He had been indicted in LA for involvement in the 1985 kidnapping and murder of US drug agent Enrique Camarena. Machain was later acquitted. In 2001 a US federal appeals court ruled that the abduction violated an int’l. human rights law.
(SFC, 9/13/01, p.C2)
1990 In Mexico Telefonos de Mexico (Telmex) was privatized.
(WSJ, 8/7/96, p.A10)
1990 Compartamos was established in Mexico as a non-profit group to make small, uncollateralized business loans to the poor (microcredit).
(Econ, 3/17/07, p.84)
1990 Manuel Moreno Rivas (b.1909), founder of Sinaloa’s El Debate newspaper, sold it.
(www.mexidata.info/id312.html)
1990 Mexican businessman Carlos Hank Rhon won a concession for an independent cellular license in western Mexico. He paid $10 million for the right with BellSouth of Atlanta as a partner.
(WSJ, 11/1/96, p.A6)
1990 In Mexico the Laguna Verde nuclear power plant near Xalapa in Veracruz state opened under popular protests. By 1997-1998 issues of corruption, mismanagement and disregard for safety regulations plagued the plant.
(SFC, 1/12/98, p.A10)
1990 In Mongolia demonstrations against Russian rule began. The Mongolian Communist soon voted to dissolve itself.
(SFEM, 10/12/97, p.29)
1990 Elbegdorj Tsahkiagiin, leader of a democratic revolution, became the first democratic PM of Mongolia.
(www.intellectualconservative.com/article3341.html)(Econ, 10/11/14, p.46)
1990 Sam Nujoma became president of Namibia.
(Econ, 11/20/04, p.50)
1990 In Nepal a parliamentary democracy with 205 seats was adopted to replace the absolute monarchy. A popular revolt led to the institution of a constitutional monarchy.
(WSJ, 5/3/99, p.A1)(SFC, 5/13/99, p.C2)(WSJ, 6/5/01, p.A26)
1990 Nicaragua switched diplomatic recognition from Beijing to Taipei.
(Econ, 11/9/13, p.43)
1990 In Nicaragua Arnoldo Aleman became mayor of Managua.
(SFC, 10/15/96, p.A1,12)
1990 Foreign development aid in Niger was $270 million for the year.
(WSJ, 5/10/02, p.A5)
1990 Nigeria founded a drug agency and was soon in scandal as the top people were found to be involved in trafficking.
(Econ, 12/8/07, p.56)
1990 In Nigeria 109 children died after taking paracetamol laced with a compound similar to diethylene glycol and also used in engine coolants.
(AFP, 3/31/09)
1990 Norway established a sovereign wealth fund, the Government Pension Fund Global, to prepare the country for a post-oil future and to prevent deindustrialization.
(Econ, 2/2/13, SR p.14)
1990 Norwegian church groups brought the government of Guatemala and rebels together for peace talks in Oslo.
(SFC, 12/5/96, p.C1)
1990 In Pakistan some 70 tons of hashish was transported across the country by camel and loaded onto 2 freighters. 28 tons were loaded onto the freighter Saratoga Success, which collided with another ship and after 2 typhoons ended up beached in the Philippines. The freighter Lucky Star left Pakistan in 1991 with the other 48 tons and stopped to pick up the 28 tons on the Saratoga. The final destination was Vancouver, BC, but US federal agents intercepted the $250 million shipment.
(SFC, 4/19/97, p.C1)
1990 In Papua New Guinea businessmen and politicians journeyed into the Hunstein Forest to collect the "x’s" of clansmen on a deal to sell their forest for royalty payments. The government in Port Moresby, the capital, has since suspended the deal.
(SFC, 5/29/96, p.A8)
1990 Vladimiro Montesinos became the head of Peru’s intelligence services.
(SFE, 9/17/96, p.A11)
1990 In Peru 49 members of the MRTA, including their leader Victor Polay, escaped from the Canto Grande prison near Lima.
(SFC, 12/20/96, p.B4)
1990 In Peru the MRTA assassinated a former defense minister.
(SFC, 12/20/96, p.B4)
1990 Peru created the Kugapakori-Nahua-Nanti reserve to protect native Amerindians who shunned contact with the outside world.
(Econ, 4/26/14, p.35)
1990 The killing and selling of dolphins became illegal in Peru, and the market went underground.
(PacDis, Winter/’96, p.36)
1990 In Peru the inflation rate hit 7,500%.
(Econ, 8/28/10, p.66)
1990 By this year the Republic of Congo was totally bankrupt. The French oil company Elf Aquitaine dominated oil production. The country was Africa’s 4th largest producer of crude oil.
(SFC,10/17/97, p.D8)
1990 Pakistan jailed Sarabjit Singh was jailed. A court sentenced him to death for his role in bomb attacks and espionage. In 2012 President Asif Ali Zardari commuted the death sentence of the Indian prisoner to life in prison, the equivalent of time served in this case.
(AP, 6/26/12)
1990 Francis Ona declared independence and himself president of what he called Meekamuii. Papua New Guinea tightened its blockade.
(SFC, 12/29/01, p.A9)
1990 In Papua New Guinea soldiers withdrew from Bougainville following a ceasefire with the Bougainville Revolutionary Army (BRA).
(Econ, 2/9/08, p.48)
1990 The killing and selling of dolphins became illegal in Peru, and the market went underground.
(PacDis, Winter/’96, p.36)
1990 A Miami-bound Boeing 727 owned by the Peruvian Faucett Airlines crashed into the North Atlantic after running out of fuel. There were 18 airline employees and relatives on board. The wreckage was never recovered.
(AP, 3/14/14)
1990 In Romania former prime minister Ilie Verdet formed the Socialist Party.
(SFC, 3/22/01, p.A20)
1990 Pinto da Costa lost the presidency of Sao Tome and Principe after introducing reforms, including multi-party democracy that saw the election as president of Miguel Trovoada.
(AFP, 9/3/11)
1990 Gorbachev struggled to hold the USSR together.
(TMC, 1994, p.1990)
1990 The Soviets pulled out of the Hradcany air force base north of Prague, Czechoslovakia, and left behind some 6,500 tons of jet fuel soaked into nearly 15 acres of foul-smelling land.
(WSJ, 4/5/96, p.B-3A)(Econ, 5/31/08, SR p.11)
1990 In Russia the Moscow Union of Lesbians and Gays was founded.
(SFC, 6/23/96, BR, p.6)
1990 The Russian city of Dubna began a sister-city relationship with La Crosse, Wisconsin.
(http://tinyurl.com/mrtq7n9)(SFC, 12/31/00, p.B5)
1990 Mahele Lieko Bokoungo led Zairian soldiers to back up the Hutu regime of Pres. Juvenal Habyarimana of Rwanda.
(SFC, 12/20/96, p.B5)
1990 The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam evicted some 75,000 Muslims from northern Sri Lanka and most fled to Puttalam. Muslims comprised some 8% of Sri Lanka’s 20 million people. In the east the rebels slaughtered up to 1,000 Muslims.
(Econ, 10/13/07, p.45)
1990 Islamist leader Hassan al-Turabi invited Osma bin Laden to Sudan and provided him with a safe haven from 1991 to 1996, when the Al-Qaeda chief was eventually expelled under mounting international pressure on Khartoum.
(AFP, 4/23/06)
1990 In Suriname Desi Bouterse launched a second coup.
(AP, 3/20/12)
1990 Sweden adopted legislation that lowered the blood alcohol limit for all drivers to .02%. The US standard was .08%.
(AP, 12/22/09)
1990 In Switzerland legislation was passed to punish bankers who knowingly accepted money that came from a crime.
(WSJ, 7/3/96, p.A8)
1990 In Switzerland a group, called "Projekt 26" or P-26, was disbanded after revelations of its existence prompted a public scandal. It had roots in the 1950s when the Swiss military began assembling a guerrilla-style force to resist a Communist invasion. A 1991 probe into P-26 concluded that while it was not part of any "international resistance network", it had unusually intense ties to British agents starting in 1967.
(AP, 2/7/18)
1990 In Uganda Joseph Kony, a faith healer, revived the Holy Spirit Movement and led his LRA rebels in northern Uganda from training camps in southern Sudan.
(SFC, 3/5/96, p.A9)
1990 The Vatican issued a new church law that required Catholic dioceses around the world to support the Holy See.
(SFEM, 1/19/96, p.10)
1990-1991 Cheers was the top ranking network show on television with a ranking of 21.6%.
(WSJ, 4/24/95, p.R-5)
1990-1991 The was an economic recession in the US that was precipitated by tax hikes.
(WSJ, 7/31/96, p.A15)(WSJ, 5/11/99, p.A22)
1990-1991 Cuba was producing 90 million cigars annually.
(SFC, 7/13/96, p.A9)
1990-1991 The Nung from Vietnam made their way to Hong Kong as boat people.
(SFC, 6/18/97, p.A10)
1990-1992 In the US 834 banks failed during this period.
(WSJ, 7/14/08, p.A1)
1990-1992 A study by the Univ. of Michigan showed 96% of fifth graders in Japan had higher test scores in math than their American counterparts. Students of Taiwan in the 11th grade outscored American students by 86% and Japanese students scored 92% higher than the American average.
(LSA, Spring 1995, p.27)
1990-1992 In Israel Ariel Sharon served as the housing minister and presided over the settlement drive in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
(SFC, 10/10/98, p.A8)
1990-1993 In Kenya’s "Goldenberg affair" millions of dollars were paid for non-existent exports of gold and diamonds. Some $600 million was secreted abroad and into the bank accounts of numerous ministers and their friends. A firm called Goldenberg International manipulated export compensation. A commission of inquiry from 2003-2005 presented its report to Pres. Kibaki in 2006.
(www.ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=32215)(Econ, 6/9/07, p.50)
1990-2009 In Kenya the forests shrank during this period by a at least 60%.
(Econ, 8/29/09, p.22)
1990-1993 Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana, an ethnic Hutu, requested French troops to help block an ethnic Tutsi exile force that was penetrating the country from Uganda. French troops were present over the next 3 1/2 years.
(WSJ, 1/24/97, p.A14)
1990-1994 In Honduras Rafael Callejas served as president.
(SFC,11/26/97, p.C5)
1990-1996 In Nicaragua Sergio Palacios Cruz, aka Charro, took up arms again citing threats from the Sandinistas as well as unfilled government promises. He led a group of about 300 men in the area around Wanawas and is viewed by some as a protector and by others as a bandit and robber.
(SFC, 5/27/96, p.A6,7)
1990-1998 In Honduras death squads had killed 701 people over this period.
(SFC, 1/15/98, p.A12)
1990-1998 In South Africa in the Northern Province some 577 killings were committed related to witchcraft.
(SFC, 10/23/98, p.D3)
1990-1999 In 2003 Joseph E. Stiglitz authored "The Roaring Nineties: A New History of the World's Most Prosperous Decade."
(SSFC, 12/21/03, p.M5)
1990-1999 Pres. George Bush declared the 90s as "The Decade of the Brain."
(SFEC, 2/9/97, Par p.20)
1990-2000 This was a period of economic stagnation in Japan and later called "the lost decade." It resulted in the opening of the Japanese economy to foreigners. In 2006 a trio of economists authored a paper “Zombie lending and depressed re-structuring in Japan," which examined how subsidies to weak firms prolonged Japan’s period of deflation.
(WSJ, 12/28/00, p.A1)(Econ, 4/8/06, p.62)
1990-2004 A 14-year civil war began in Liberia. 1.2 million people were forced flee their homes. 700,000 sought shelter in Guinea, the Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone and other West African countries. 14 years of fighting left some 250,000 people dead.
(SFC, 10/4/99, p.A12)(Econ, 12/16/06, p.48)
1990-2005 Global Witness estimated that Myanmar lost 18% of its forests during this period. The country once had four-fifths of the world’s teak.
(Econ, 4/21/12, p.58)
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