Today in History - July 2

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311         Jul 2, St. Miltiades began his reign as Catholic Pope.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

419         Jul 2,  Valentinian III, Roman emperor (425-55), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1298        Jul 2, An army under Albert of Austria defeated and killed Adolf of Nassua near Worms, Germany.
    (HN, 7/2/98)

1489        Jul 2, Thomas Cranmer, first Protestant archbishop of Canterbury (1533-1556), was born.
    (HN, 7/2/01)

1566        Jul 2, French astrologer, physician and prophet Nostradamus died in Salon.
    (AP, 7/2/97)

1625        Jul 2, The Spanish army took Breda, Spain, after nearly a year of siege.
    (HN, 7/2/98)

1644        Jul 2, Lord Cromwell crushed the Royalists at the Battle of Marston Moor near York, England. Cromwell came from minor gentry in Huntingdon and had served in Parliament before the wars, during which he commanded the Ironsides, a cavalry regiment famous for its discipline and tenacity. Although he had had no previous military experience, he showed amazing courage and tactical brilliance, particularly at the Battle of Marston Moor.
    (HN, 7/2/98)(HNQ, 8/8/00)
1644        Jul 2, William Gascoigne (24), introduced telescopic sights, was killed.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1714        Jul 2, Christoph Willibald Ritter von Gluck, composer, was born in Erasbach, Germany.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1747        Jul 2, Marshall Saxe led the French forces to victory over an Anglo-Dutch force under the Duke of Cumberland at the Battle of Lauffeld.
    (HN, 7/2/98)

1775        Jul 2, George Washington arrived in Boston and took over as commander-in-chief of the new Continental Army.
    (HT, 3/97, p.33)

1776        July 2, The Continental Congress passed Lee's resolution that "these united Colonies are, and of right, ought to be, Free and Independent States," and then spent two days over the wording of Jefferson's document.
    (Civil., Jul-Aug., '95, p.61)(AP, 7/2/97)(HN, 7/2/98)

1777        Jul 2, Vermont became the 1st American colony to abolish slavery. [see Mar 1, 1780]
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1778        Jul 2, Jean-Jacques Rousseau (b.1712), Swiss-born writer and philosopher, died in France.  He was considered part of the French Enlightenment along with Voltaire and Diderot. In 2005 Leo Damrosch authored “Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Restless Genius.”
    (www.infed.org/thinkers/et-rous.htm)(WSJ, 6/7/00, p.A24)

1787        Jul 2, The Marquis de Sade shouted from Bastille that prisoners were being slaughtered.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1798        Jul 2, John Fitch, American inventor, clockmaker, died.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1807        Jul 2, In the wake of the Chesapeake incident, in which the crew of a British frigate boarded an American ship and forcibly removed four suspected deserters, President Thomas Jefferson ordered all British ships to vacate U.S. territorial waters.
    (AP, 7/2/07)

1808        Jul 2, Simon Fraser completed his trip down Fraser River, BC. He landed at Musqueam.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1821        Jul 2, Charles Tupper, 6th Canadian PM (1896), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1822        Jul 2, Denmark Vesey [Vessey] (b.1767) was executed in Charleston, South Carolina, for planning a massive slave revolt.
    (HN, 7/2/01)

1839        Jul 2, African slaves, led by Joseph Cinque, killed Ramon Ferrer, and took possession of his ship, La Amistad. Cinque ordered the navigator to take them back to Africa but after 63 days at sea the ship was intercepted by Lieutenant Gedney, of the United States brig Washington, half a mile from the shore of Long Island.
    (www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Scinque.htm)

1843        Jul 2, Samuel Hahnemann (b.1755), German physician and founder of homeopathy, died in Paris.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Hahnemann)

1849        Jul 2, The leaders of the Republic of Rome surrendered to French and Austrian forces. Garibaldi, his wife and some 4,700 men left Rome with the intent to fight a guerrilla war against Austria.
    (ON, 10/06, p.5)

1850        Jul 2, Prussia agreed to pull out of Schleswig and Holstein, Germany.
    (HN, 7/2/98)
1850        Jul 2, Sir Robert Peel (b.1788), former British prime minister (1834-35 and 1841-46), died. He founded the Conservative Party and the London Police Force whose officers were called "bobbies." In 2007 Douglas Hurd authored “Robert Peel: A Biography.”
    (HN, 2/5/99)(Econ, 6/30/07, p.93)

1858        Jul 2, Czar Alexander II freed the serfs working on imperial lands.
    (HN, 7/2/98)

1862        Jul 2, Lincoln signed an act granting land for state agricultural colleges. [see Jul 1]
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1863        Jul 2, Mrs. Lincoln was thrown from her carriage and spent weeks recovering at the Anderson Cottage, Washington DC. The seat assembly may have been sabotaged.
    (SFC, 5/20/02, p.F10)
1863        Jul 2, The Union left flank held at Little Round Top during 2nd day of the Battle of Gettysburg. Union Gen. Daniel Sickles was severely wounded and had his leg amputated. In 2002 Thomas Keneally authored "American Scoundrel: The Life of the Notorious Civil War General Dan Sickles."
    (WSJ, 3/29/02, p.W10)(SFC, 4/17/02, p.D1)(AH, 2/05, p.49)

1864        Jul 2, Statuary Hall in US Capitol was established.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1864        Jul 2, Gen. Early and Confederate forces reached Winchester.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1865        Jul 2, Lili Braun, feminist, socialist writer (Im Schatten Titanen), was born in Prussia.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1867        Jul 2, The 1st US elevated railroad began service in NYC.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1872        Jul 2, Jacob W. Davis of Reno, Nevada, sent Levi Strauss & Co. in San Francisco a sample of his work pants and a business proposal for Strauss to apply for a patent in exchange for a half share in the patent. Davis soon sold his half share to Strauss and moved to San Francisco to supervise the manufacture of the work pants.
    (ON, 4/05, p.11)

1874        Jul 2, Colonel Custer departed from Fort Abraham Lincoln with some 1,000 soldiers and 70 Indian scouts on a 1200 mile expedition to chart the Black Hills of eastern Wyoming western South Dakota, land which belonged to the Sioux. The expedition returned on August 30.
    (AH, 6/03, p.37)

1876        Jul 2, Montenegro declared war on Turkey.
    (PC, 1992, p.537)

1877        Jul 2, Herman Hesse (d.1962), German philosopher poet and author, was born in Switzerland. His work included "Steppenwolf" and he won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1946.
    (HN, 7/2/99)(WUD, 1994, p.666)(SC, 7/2/02)

1880        Jul 2, In San Francisco St. Ignatius College opened for classes at its new campus at Van Ness and Hayes.
    (GenIV, Winter 04/05)

1881        Jul 2, Less than four months after his inauguration, James Garfield, the 20th President of the US, was assassinated by Charles J. Guiteau, who wished to be appointed consul to France, at the Washington railroad station. Garfield lived out the summer with a fractured spine and seemed to be gaining strength until he caught a chill and died on September 19. Guiteau was apprehended at the time of the shooting and, in spite of an insanity defense, was convicted of murder. Chester Alan Arthur became the 21st President. Guiteau was hanged in June 1882.
    (A&IP, ESM, p.96b, photo,110)(HN, 7/2/98)(HNPD, 9/19/98)(AP, 7/2/07)

1885        Jul 2, Canada's North-West Insurrection ended with the surrender of Big Bear.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1890        Jul 2, Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act. It put some teeth into earlier antitrust law.
    (SFC, 7/8/96, p.D2)(AP, 7/2/97)

1894        Jul 2, Andre Kertesz, photographer, was born.
    (HN, 7/2/01)
1894        Jul 2, The US Government obtained an injunction against striking Pullman Workers.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1900        Jul 2, Tyrone Guthrie, English theater director, was born.
    (HN, 7/2/01)
1900        Jul 2, Count Ferdinand Adolf Heinrich August von Zeppelin (1838-1917) made the 1st successful flight of his lighter-than-air ship LZ-1 in Friedrichshafen, Germany. The 400 foot craft stayed aloft 17 minutes before it crashed.
    (AHM, 1/97)(WSJ, 2/120/00, p.A1)(ON, 3/03, p.11)

1902        Jul 2, John J. McGraw became manager of NY Giants and stayed for 30 years.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1903        Jul 2, Lord Alex Douglas-Home, British PM (1963-64), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1903        Jul 2, Olav V, King of Norway (1957), was born in England.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1905        Jul 2, Jean-Rene Lacoste, tennis champ, alligator shirt designer, was born in France.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1906        Jul 2, Hans Bethe, physicist (Nobel 1967), peace worker, was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1908        Jul 2,     Thurgood Marshall (d.1993), first African-American US Supreme Court Justice, was born in Baltimore. He served on the US Supreme Court from 1967-1991. As a civil rights lawyer in the 1950s he maintained a confidential relationship with the FBI.
    (SFC, 12/3/96, p.A3)(HN, 7/2/98)(AP, 7/2/08)

1914        Jul 2, Frederick Fennell, conductor (Time & the Winds), was born in Cleveland, Ohio.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1916        Jul 2, Barry Gray, radio talk show host, was born.
    (HN, 7/2/01)
1916        Jul 2, Ken Curtis Lamar, actor (Ripcord, Festus-Gunsmoke), was born in Colorado.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1917        Jul 2, Race riots erupted in East St. Louis, Illinois. The official death toll was put at 48, but as many as 200 were believed killed. In 1964 Elliott M. Rudwick authored Race Riot at East St. Louis, July 2, 1917.” In 2008 Harper Barnes authored “Never Been a Time: The 1917 Race Riot That Sparked the Civil Rights Movement.”
    (SFC, 7/18/08, p.E3)(www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=54020510)
1917        Jul 2, An Arab army led by Feisal Hussein and Bedouin chief Auda Abu Taiya fought Turkish forces at Aqaba killing 300 and capturing 160 Turkish soldiers.
    (ON, 10/05, p.8)

1918        Jul 2, Robert Sarnoff was born. He later became president of the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) and converted the network to the first all-color television station.
    (HN, 7/2/99)

1919        Jul 2, Johnny Bradford, actor (Ransom Sherman Show), was born in Long Branch, NJ.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1921        Jul 2, J. Andrew White announced the Dempsey-Carpentier fight in Jersey City and was thereby credited with being the first professional radio announcer. Dempsey defeated Georges Carpentier of France in the 1st million dollar gate ($1.7m) boxing match.
    (SFC, 7/20/96, p.E4)(SFC, 10/14/99, p.C5)(SC, 7/2/02)

1922        Jul 2, Dan Rowan, comedian (Rowan & Martin's Laugh-in), was born in Beggs, Okla.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1924        Jul 2, The 1st day of transcontinental airmail service brought news to SF mailed from New York after 34 hours and 45 minutes.
    (SFEC, 12/26/99, p.W7)

1925        Jul 2, Patrice Lumumba, revolutionary, was born in Congo.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1925        Jul 2, Marvin Rainwater, country singer (Ozark Jubilee), was born in Wichita, Ks.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1926        Jul 2, Medgar Evers, American civil rights leader in Mississippi, was born. He was murdered in front of his house by Byron DeLa Beckwith.
    (HN, 7/2/99)
1926        Jul 2, Lee Allen Pittsburg, tenor sax (Walkin' With Mr. Lee), was born in Kansas.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1926        Jul 2, The U.S. Army Air Corps was created by Congress. The Distinguish Flying Cross was authorized.
    (AP, 7/2/97)(HN, 7/2/98)(SC, 7/2/02)
1926        Jul 2, Emile Coue (b.1857 as Émile Coué de Châtaigneraie ), French psychologist and pharmacist, died. He introduced a method of psychotherapy and self-improvement based on optimistic autosuggestion. Working as an apothecary at Troyes from 1882 to 1910, Coué discovered what later came to be known as the placebo effect. He became known for reassuring his clients by praising each remedy's efficiency and leaving a small positive notice with each given medication.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile_Cou%C3%A9)

1927        Jul 2, Brock Peters, actor, singer (Carmen Jones, To Kill a Mockingbird), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1928        Jul 2, Pavel Kohout, Czech author (Poor Murderer), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1930        Jul 2, Carlos Menem, president of Argentina (1989-1999), was born. He had Muslim ancestry and ties to the Syrian-Lebanese community.
    (WP, 6/29/96, p.A20)(SFC, 7/22/02, p.A6)

1931        Jul 2, Robert Ito, actor (Sam-Quincy ME), was born in Vancouver, BC.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1932        Jul 2, Sammy Turner, vocalist (Lavender Blue), was born in Paterson, NJ.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1932        Jul 2, New York Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt won the nomination for president on the 4th ballot at the Democratic convention in Chicago.
    (ON, 12/07, p.3)

1935        Jul 2, Gilbert Kalish, pianist, professor (SUNY Stony Brook), was born in Brooklyn, NY.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1935        Jul 2, C. Jackson discovered asteroid #1357, Khama.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1935        Jul 2, SF Bay Bridge riveter Michael E. Markey (31) fell 290 feet to his death at Yerba Buena Island. Fellow bridge workers quit for the day in accordance with custom.
    (SSFC, 6/27/10, DB p.46)

1937        Jul 2, Polly Holliday, actress (Flo-Alice, Flo-Flo), was born in Jasper, Ala.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1937        Jul 2, Richard Petty, auto race driver (Daytona 500-1979,81), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1937        Jul 2, Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan left Lae in Papua, New Guinea and disappeared over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first round-the-world flight at the equator. The two had set out in Earhart's twin-engine Lockheed Electra, taking off from Oakland, Calif., for Miami on May 21. They flew across the Atlantic from Brazil to Africa, then reached Calcutta on June 17, having made 15 stops thus far. They failed to arrive at their scheduled stop at Howland Island. Radio operators received messages from Earhart saying that they had to be close and were circling, searching for land, but radio contact was lost and the two were never heard from again. Noonan was alcoholic and had been on a binge the night before. Radioman Leo Bellarts was the last person to communicate with Earhart. Errors from the US Coast Guard cutter Itasca were later identified as contributing to the disappearance.
    (SFC, 3/1/97, p.A8) (SFC, 5/20/97, p.A12) (AP, 7/2/97) (SFEC, 7/6/97, p.B10) (HNPD, 7/2/99)(SFC, 7/1/00, p.A1,11)
1937        Jul 2, C. Jackson discovered asteroids #1429, Pemba, & #1456, Saldanha.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1939        Jul 2, John Sununu, US Secretary of State (1989-91), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1940        Jul 2, Georgi Ivan Ivanov, 1st Bulgarian space traveler (Soyuz 33), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1940        Jul 2, The Lake Washington Floating bridge in Seattle was dedicated.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1942        Jul 2, Allied convoys QP-13 and PQ-17 passed each other while the German battleships Tirpitz and Hipper prepared to attack PQ-17 in the North Atlantic.
    (HN, 7/2/98)

1943        Jul 2, The U.S. Army Air Corps 99th Fighter Squadron, the first of the all-black Tuskegee Airmen to see combat, had been based in Africa for four months when they were assigned to escort 16 B-25 Mitchell bombers on a routine mission over Sicilian targets. Lieutenant Charles B. Hall of Brazil, Indiana became the first Tuskegee Airman to score a confirmed kill when he shot down a German fighter plane.
    (HNPD, 7/5/98)

1946        Jul 2, Ron Silver, actor (Gary-Rhoda, Dear Detective, Baker's Dozen), was born in NYC.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1946        Jul 2, Anthony Overton (81), publisher, cosmetics manufacturer, banker, died.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1947        Jul 2, An object crashed near Roswell, N.M. The Army Air Force later insisted it was a weather balloon, but eyewitness accounts gave rise to speculation it might have been an alien spacecraft.
    (AP, 7/2/97)

1949        Jul 2, "Red Barber's Clubhouse" sports show premiered on CBS (later NBC) TV.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1949        Jul 2, Premier Georgi Dimitrov (b.1882), the founding leader of Bulgarian communism, died in Moscow while undergoing medical treatment. His remains were placed in a marble mausoleum in Sophia. He was succeeded by Vassil Kolarov. Dimitrov’s remains were buried in 1990. In 2003 Ivo Banac edited "The Diary of Georgi Dimitrov."
    (EWH, 1968, p.1194)(SFC, 9/10/99, p.A12)(WSJ, 6/6/03, p.W9)(SFC, 9/10/08, p.A5)

1952        Jul 2, Linda M. Godwin, PhD, astronaut (STS 37), was born in Cape Girardeau, Missouri.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1954        Jul 2, Wendy Schaal, actress (It's a Living, Julie-Fantasy Is), was born in Chicago, Ill.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1955        Jul 2, "The Lawrence Welk Show" premiered on ABC television.
    (AP, 7/2/98)

1956        Jul 2, Jeffrey Cooper, guitarist (Midnight Star-No Parking), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1956        Jul 2, Jerry Hall, model, Mrs. Mick Jagger, was born in Mesquite, Tx.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1956        Jul 2, Julie Montgomery, actress (Samantha-1, Life to Live, Kindred), was born in KC, Mo.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1956        Jul 2, Former truck driver Elvis Presley recorded "Hound Dog" by Lieber and Stoller and "Don't Be Cruel." Presley, began Rock-n-Roll with his song "Don’t Be Cruel," written by Otis Blackwell (d.2002 at 70).
    (SC, 7/2/02)(WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R34)(SFC, 5/10/02, p.A31)
1956        Jul 2, Turkey rejected a British plan for the eventual self-determination of Cyprus.
    (EWH, 1968, p.1250)

1957        Jul 2, Mike Anger, rocker (The Blow Monkeys-Wicked Ways), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1957        Jul 2, The Seawolf, the 1st submarine powered by liquid metal cooled reactor, was completed.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1957        Jul 2, Grayback, the 1st submarine designed to fire guided missiles, was launched.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1959        Jul 2, Wendy B. Lawrence, USN Lt Commander, astronaut, was born in Jacksonville, Fla.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1961        Jul 2, Jimmy McNichol, actor (Fitzpatricks, California Fever), was born in LA, Calif.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1961        Jul 2, Novelist E. Hemingway shot himself in the head at his home in Ketchum, Idaho. Boozing and physical trauma led to depression, electroshock therapy and suicide. In 1964 his novel "A Moveable Feast was published. In 1974    Jose Luis Castillo-Puche published “Hemingway in Spain.” His novel “True at First Light” was based on his 1953 safari in Africa and was to be published Jul 21 1999, the centennial of his birth. His book “The Garden of Eden” and “Islands in the Stream” were also published after his death. His novel "Dangerous Summer" was based on the rivalry between two matadors, Antonio Ordonez (d.1998) and Luis Miguel Dominguin.  In 1976 his son Gregory (d.2001) authored “Papa: A Personal Memoir.”
    (SFC, 7/2/96, p.A11)(TMC, 1994, p.1961)(AP, 7/2/97)(SFC, 8/5/98, p.E3)(SFC, 8/25/98, p.A2)(SFC, 12/21/98, p.B5)(WSJ, 6/18/99, p.W13)(SFC, 10/6/01, p.A18)

1963        Jul 2, President John F. Kennedy met Pope Paul the Sixth at the Vatican, the first meeting between a Roman Catholic US chief executive and the head of the Catholic Church.
    (AP, 7/2/00)

1964        Jul 2, Dave Parsons rocker (Transvision Vamp, Sham 69-That's Life), was born.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1964        Jul 2, Celia Black recorded Beatle's "Its For You" with McCartney on piano.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
1964        Jul 2, President Johnson signed into law a sweeping civil rights bill passed by Congress. It guaranteed voting rights and equal access to public accommodations and education.
    (AP, 7/2/97)(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F5)
1964        Jul 2, Glenn "Fireball" Roberts, biggest NASCAR money winner, died in crash.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1967        Jul 2, The U.S. Marine Corps launched Operation Buffalo in response to the North Vietnamese Army's efforts to seize the Marine base at Con Thien.
    (HN, 7/2/98)

1969        Jul 2, Barbra Streisand (b.1942) opened for a 4-week engagement at the Las Vegas International Hotel.
    (www.barbrafile.com/6169.htm)

1970        Jul 2, Jessie Street (b.1889), Australian civil rights activist, died.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessie_Street)

1973        Jul 2, George Macready (b.1899), American film and TV actor, died.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Macready)
1973        Jul 2, Swede Savage (b.1946), American race car driver, died 33 days after suffering injuries at the Indianapolis 500.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swede_Savage)

1976        Jul 2, The US Supreme Court ruled to allow states to resume capital punishment. The Supreme Court ruled the death penalty was not inherently cruel or unusual.
    (SFC, 1/9/97, p.A4)(AP, 7/2/97)
1976        Jul 2, North and South Vietnam were officially reunified.
    (HN, 7/2/01)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_War)

1978        Jul 2, The Arab League imposed a boycott on South Yemen.
    (WUD, 1994, p.1691)

1979        Jul 2, The US Supreme Court in Jones v Wolf said a court could look into a church property dispute  but only if it studied the relevant documents in a neutral and non-religious spirit.
    (http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=443&invol=595)(Econ, 1/8/11, p.60)

1980        Jul 2, President Jimmy Carter reinstated draft registration for males 18 years of age.
    (HN, 7/2/98)
1980        Jul 2, Grateful Dead's Bob Weir (b.1947) & Mickey Hart (b.1943) were arrested in San Diego for suspicion of inciting a riot following their interference in a drug related arrest.
    (www.eskimo.com/~recall/bleed/0702.htm)

1981        Jul 2, The Continental Airlines Arena, part of the Meadowlands Sports complex in East Rutherford, NJ, opened with a concert by Bruce Springsteen.
    (www.continentalairlinesarena.com/COArenaFacts.asp?navID=7)
1981        Jul 2, L.E. Gonzalez discovered asteroid #3495, Colchagua, from the astronomical station of Cerro El Roble in Chile.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_asteroids_(3001-4000))

1982        Jul 2, Larry Walters (1949-1993), a Los Angeles truck driver, flew 16,000 feet into the air with 42 helium balloons attached to a lawn chair. Walters surprised an airline pilot, who radioed the control tower that he had just passed a guy in a lawn chair with a gun. The weapon was to shoot balloons and descend. Walters paid a $1,500 penalty for violating air traffic rules. Eleven years later, he committed suicide at age 44.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Walters)(SFC, 7/3/02, p.A17)(AP, 7/10/07)
1982          Jul 2, A bomb exploded in the hands of Prof. Diogenes Angelakos (d.1997 at 77) in Berkeley. It was later attributed to the Unabomber Theodore Kaczynski.
    (SFEC,11/9/97, Z1 p.4)
1982        Jul 2, DeFord Bailey (b.1899), harmonica wizard and star of the Grand Ole Opry, died. He was the first black musician to join the Opry’s regular cast.
    (AH, 10/07, p.74)(www.pbs.org/deford/timeline/index.html)
1982        Jul 2, Soyuz T-6 returned to Earth.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_T-6)

1985        Jul 2, The European Space Agency launched the Giotto space probe for a close-up of Halley’s Comet. It made its closest approach to the comet on March 13, 1986.
    (SFEC, 9/28/97, p.A14)(http://tinyurl.com/2hnfnw)

1986        Jul 2, The US Supreme Court upheld affirmative action in 2 rulings.
    (SC, 7/2/02)

1987        Jul 2, 18 illegal immigrants were found dead inside a locked boxcar near Sierra Blanca, Texas, in what authorities called a botched smuggling attempt; a 19th man survived.
    (AP, 7/2/97)
1987        Jul 2, Michael Bennett (b.1943), Chorus Line director, died of AIDS in Tucson, Az.
    (www.ibdb.com/person.asp?ID=7716)
1987        Jul 2, Karl Linnas, accused Nazi, died of heart failure in Russia.
    (SC, 7/2/02)
 
1988        Jul 2, 19-year-old Steffi Graf defeated eight-time Wimbledon winner Martina Navratilova to capture her first Wimbledon crown.
    (AP, 7/2/98)

1989        Jul 2, In West Berlin, Germany, the Love Parade festival was begun to celebrate techno music. About 150 people cavorted down Ku’damm to the blare of techno music from a single Volkswagen bus. It was started by the Berlin underground at the initiative of Matthias Roeingh (also known as "Dr Motte") and his then girlfriend Danielle de Picciotto.
    (SFC, 8/18/97, p.E4)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Parade)
1989        Jul 2, In Greece PM Tzannis Tzannetakis (1927-2010) began leading a coalition government for that included his conservative New Democracy party and the Greek Communist Party.
    (AP, 4/2/10)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tzannis_Tzannetakis)
1989        Jul 2, Andrei Gromyko (79), former Soviet Foreign Minister died in Moscow.
    (AP, 7/2/99)
1989        Jul 2, Jean Painleve (b.1902), French film maker, died. His science and nature films inspired the Surrealists.
    (WSJ, 6/19/00, p.A44)(http://tinyurl.com/z8n2m)

1990        Jul 2, Some 1402 Muslim pilgrims were killed in a stampede inside a pedestrian tunnel leading to Mecca in Saudi Arabia. It was worst hajj tragedy of modern times.
    (AP, 7/2/00)(AP, 2/1/04)
1990        Jul 2, The Soviet Union’s 28th Communist Party congress opened with an address by President Mikhail S. Gorbachev, who conceded mistakes while defending perestroika.
    (AP, 7/2/00)

1991        Jul 2, Actress Lee Remick (55) died in Los Angeles of cancer.
    (AP, 7/2/01)(SC, 7/2/02)
1991        Jul 2, A European Community-brokered truce between Yugoslavia and the breakaway republic of Slovenia was shattered as the federal army battled Slovene militias.
    (AP, 7/2/01)
1991        Jul 2, The first national conference of the ANC, since the organization was banned in 1960, began in Durban, South Africa. Oliver Tambo, whose health was suffering, handed over the presidency of the ANC to Nelson Mandela and assumed the largely honorary post of national chairperson. Walter Sisulu was elected deputy president.
    (www.moreorless.au.com/heroes/tambo.html)(http://tinyurl.com/z63lx)

1992        Jul 2, President Bush vetoed the so-called "motor-voter" registration bill; President Clinton later signed a revised version into law.
    (AP, 7/2/97)
1992        Jul 2, The US Labor Department reported that the nation's unemployment rate the previous month had risen to an eight-year high of 7.8 percent, compared to 7.5 percent in May.
    (AP, 7/2/97)

1993        Jul 2, The White House acknowledged that it had erred in firing seven travel office employees and urging the FBI to investigate them.
    (AP, 7/2/97)
1993        Jul 2, Sheik Omar Abdel-Rahman, some of whose followers were accused in the bombing of the World Trade Center, surrendered to immigration officials in New York City.
    (AP, 7/2/98)

1994        Jul 2, Conchita Martinez won the women's title at Wimbledon, defeating Martina Navratilova 6-4, 3-6, 6-3.
    (AP, 7/2/99)
1994        Jul 2, A USAir DC-9 Flight 1016 crashed in poor weather at Charlotte-Douglas International Airport in North Carolina, killing 37 of the 57 people aboard.
    (WSJ, 1/4/96, p.A-8)(AP, 7/2/97)
1994        Jul 2, Colombian soccer player Andres Escobar was shot to death in Medellin, ten days after accidentally scoring a goal against his own team in World Cup competition.
    (AP, 7/2/99)

1995        Jul 2, In Denver, representatives of 34 countries ended an economic summit by endorsing an open-market zone throughout the Western Hemisphere—excluding Cuba.
    (AP, 7/2/00)(www.sice.oas.org/tunit/SGspeech.asp)

1996        Jul 2, Electricity and phone service was knocked out for millions of customers from Canada to the Southwest after power lines throughout the West failed on a record-hot day.
    (AP, 7/2/97)
1996        Jul 2, US federal officials announced the arrest of 12 members of a militia unit, called Viper Militia, that had planned to bomb government offices in the Phoenix area. On Dec 19 two members pleaded guilty to explosives and weapons charges. On Dec 27 three more members pleaded guilty.
    (WSJ, 7/2/96, p.A1)(WSJ, 12/20/96, p.A1)(SFC, 12/28/96, p.A7)
1996        Jul 2, Seven years after they shot their parents to death in the family's Beverly Hills mansion, Lyle and Erik Menendez were sentenced to life in prison without parole.
    (AP, 7/2/97)
1996        Jul 2, Actor Harry Morgan (81) was charged with a misdemeanor spousal battery against his 70-year-old wife. He had played Colonel Potter in "M*A*S*H."
    (SFC, 7/11/96, p.D4)
1996        Jul 2, Israeli planes rocketed a Palestinian guerrilla base in Lebanon. The base belonged to the Palestinian National Liberation Organization, a pro-Syrian group under Col. Abu Musa, that split from the Fatah movement of Yasser Arafat in the 1980s.
    (SFC, 7/3/96, p.C3)

1997        Jul 2, The US began a round of underground nuclear weapons-related tests in Nevada.
    (SFC, 7/3/97, p.A9)
1997        Jul 2, A federal judge in New York ruled that the military policy, “don’t ask, don’t tell,” is unconstitutional and only serves to cater to the biases of many heterosexuals.
    (SFC, 7/3/97, p.A1)
1997        Jul 2, A Montana court voided a 24-year-old ban on homosexual sex, concluding that the government has no business meddling in the sexual activity of consenting adults.
    (SFC, 7/3/97, p.A3)
1997        Jul 2, Two Union Pacific trains collided 5 miles north of Rossville, Kan., when an engineer overshot a siding a struck an oncoming train 6 cars behind the locomotive; the engineer died in the wreck.
    (SFC, 7/3/97, p.A3)
1997        Jul 2, Severe thunder storms tore through Michigan’s lower peninsula and killed at least 7 people.
    (SFC, 7/3/97, p.A3)
1997        Jul 2, Actor James Stewart (b.1908),  died in Beverly Hills, Ca., at age 89.
    (SFC, 7/3/97, p.A1)(AP, 7/2/98)
1997        Jul 2, US Aid to Honduras had dropped this year to $28 million from a high of $229 million in 1985. The country had the highest AIDS rate in Central America.
    (WSJ, 7/2/97, p.A1)
1997        Jul 2, In Japan the Panamanian registered Diamond Grace oil tanker ran aground in Tokyo Bay and spilled nearly 2 million gallons of oil. The amount spilled was revised to 390,000 gallons.
    (SFC, 7/2/97, p.A9)(SFC, 7/3/97, p.A1)
1997        Jul 2, A Canadian commission established to review the actions of peace-keeping troops in Somalia between 1992-93 concluded that the troops were unprepared and victimized by commanders who ignored problems that escalated to torture and the killing of a Somali teenager.
    (SFC, 7/3/97, p.C2)
1997        Jul 2, In Russia Pres. Yeltsin fired justice minister Valentin Kovalyov due to the sex scandal of Jun 22.
    (SFC, 7/3/97, p.C3)

1998        Jul 2, Apologizing to viewers and Vietnam veterans for "serious faults" in its reporting, Cable News Network retracted a story alleging U.S. commandos had used nerve gas to kill American defectors during the war.
    (AP, 7/2/99)
1998        Jul 2, The US Treasury Dept. allowed direct charter flights between Florida and Cuba to resume.
    (SFC, 6/29/98, p.A4)
1998        Jul 2, Algeria agreed to allow a UN team to investigate the killings and promised free access to all sources of information.
    (SFC, 7/3/98, p.A16)
1998        Jul 2, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana and Jamaica reported plans to establish the Caribbean Court of Justice in 1999 and planned to change their constitutions to free themselves of the British Privy Council. The effort was pushed to establish the death penalty.
    (SFC, 7/4/98, p.A10)
1998        Jul 2, With Guyana in turmoil Pres. Jagan met with former pres. Hoyte in St. Lucia to make a deal that provided the opposition more say.
    (SFC, 7/3/98, p.A14)
1998        Jul 2, In Hungary a gangland car bomb killed 4 and injured 25 people in Budapest. It was directed at Jozsef Tamas Boros, a restaurateur who was cooperating with a police investigation. A turf war between Russian, Ukrainian, Romania, Turkish and Arab gangs had led to 140 bombings since 1991.
    (SFC, 7/3/98, p.D2)
1998        Jul 2, The World Bank approved $1 billion loan to Indonesia as part of its $4.5 contribution to the $41 billion rescue package.
    (SFC, 7/3/98, p.D2)
1998        Jul 2, Japan announced that a string of bridge banks would be set up to run failed banks as bad loans are sold and lending is continued.
    (SFC, 7/3/98, p.A14)
1998        Jul 2, In Nigeria UN Sec. Gen’l. Kofi Annan announced that at least 250 political prisoners would soon be released including Moshood Abiola.
    (SFC, 7/3/98, p.A14)
1998        Jul 2, In Northern Ireland 10 Roman Catholic churches were set on fire by arsonists.
    (SFC, 7/3/98, p.A1)
1998        Jul 2, In Shawan, Pakistan, Haji Mohammad Alam Channa, the world’s tallest man at 7 feet 7 and 1/4 inches, died at age 42 from kidney disease.
    (SFC, 7/4/98, p.C2)
1998        Jul 2, In Russia the government ordered Gazprom to pay 4.2 billion rubles in unpaid taxes and to start regular tax payments. Gazprom is 40% owned by the government and threats were made to seize the company. As part of the deal the government agreed to pay billions of rubles for oil and gas used by government agencies. The deal was estimated to be a wash.
    (SFC, 7/3/98, p.D3)
1998        Jul 2, In Uzbekistan the state genetics' institute at Tashkent was reported to be working on a fungus to kill opium poppies. Pleospora papaveracea was a nuisance fungus that had been under development by Soviets in the 1980s.
    (SFC, 7/3/98, p.A14)

1999        Jul 2, In Skokie, Illinois, north of Chicago, a driveby gunman, Benjamin Nathaniel Smith (21), killed Ricky Byrdsong, former Northwestern Univ. basketball coach. Smith wounded 6 Orthodox Jews Chicago and fired on an Asian-American couple in Northbrook over three-day shooting rampage and then committed suicide.
    (SFEC, 7/4/99, p.A1)(SFC, 7/5/99, p.A1)(AP, 7/2/00)
1999        Jul 2, Mario Puzo (78), author of "The Godfather," died on Long Island. His last book, "Omerta," was scheduled for publication in 2000.
    (SFC, 7/3/99, p.A21)
1999        Jul 2, A 3-day UN conference on population closed after 170 nations agreed on sex education, access to abortion and parental rights.
    (SFC, 7/3/99, p.C1)
1999        Jul 2, Congo: Government and rebel officials said they had reached an accord to end the 11-month war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Rebel forces were to be merged with the government army.
    (SFC, 7/3/99, p.A10)
1999        Jul 2, Two boats off the Pacific coast of Mexico overturned and over 40 suspected illegal immigrants from Central America were killed.
    (SFEC, 7/4/99, p.A17)
1999        Jul 2, In Northern Ireland Britain's Tony Blair and Ireland's Bertie Ahern issued a take-or-leave-it plan for a new local government to begin in 2 weeks before the IRA gives up any of its guns with disarmament to begin later.
    (SFC, 7/3/99, p.A1)
1999        Jul 2, The Pakistani army reported that 58 Kashmiri civilians had been killed and 158 wounded over the last 2 month by Indian shelling.
    (SFC, 7/3/99, p.A9)
1999        Jul 2, In Rwanda a court sentenced 9 people to death and 16 others to life in prison on charges related to genocide in 1994.
    (SFC, 7/3/99, p.A10)
1999        Jul 2, In Serbia 5,000 people demonstrated against Pres. Milosevic in Novi Sad.
    (SFC, 7/3/99, p.A9)

2000        Jul 2, In Chechnya rebels staged 5 suicide attacks against Russian forces. One bomb killed 31 elite OMON police troops as they slept in their barracks at Argun.
    (SFC, 7/4/00, p.A8)
2000        Jul 2, France beat Italy 2-to-1 in the European Championship soccer final in Rotterdam, Netherlands.
    (AP, 7/2/01)
2000        Jul 2, In Indonesia 10 people were rescued from water close to Karakelong Island after 4 days at sea following the sinking of the Cahaya Bahari.
    (SFC, 7/3/00, p.A14)
2000        Jul 2, In Mexico Vincente Fox (58) and his national Action Party (PAN) claimed victory over the ruling PRI. This ended the Institutional Revolutionary Party’s 71-year reign. In 2004 Julia Preston and Samuel Dillon authored "Opening Mexico: The Making of a Democracy."
    (SFC, 7/3/00, p.A1)(WSJ, 7/3/00, p.A8)(AP, 7/2/01)(SSFC, 3/14/04, p.M1)
2000        Jul 2, In Mongolia the People’s Revolutionary Party won 72 seats of the 76-member legislature.
    (SFC, 7/3/00, p.A14)
2000        Jul 2, In Northern Ireland police block the marchers of the Orange Order at Portadown.
    (SFC, 7/3/00, p.A12)

2001        Jul 2, US Vice President Dick Cheney returned to work two days after receiving a new pacemaker.
    (AP, 7/2/06)
2001        Jul 2, Missouri Gov. Bob Holden, Democrat, signed legislation to ban the execution of mentally retarded inmates. This was the 16th state to do so.
    (SFC, 7/3/01, p.A4)
2001        Jul 2, In Louisville, Ky., the 1st self-contained artificial heart, AbioCor, made by Abiomed was implanted at Jewish Hospital to Robert L. Tools (59). Tools lived 151 days with the device and died Nov 30.
    (SFC, 7/4/01, p.A1)(WSJ, 7/5/01, p.A1)(SFC, 8/22/01, p.A3)(SFC, 12/1/01, p.A3)
2001        Jul 2, In Colombia a firefight erupted between rival gangs at the La Modelo penitentiary and 10 inmates were killed.
    (SFC, 7/4/01, p.A12)
2001        Jul 2, In Indonesia humanitarian workers found 27 slashed bodies in Aceh. This raised to 50 the number of dead found in the last 3 days.
    (SFC, 7/3/01, p.A10)
2001        Jul 2, An Israeli was killed while shopping near the West Bank and a Palestinian was killed by Israeli troops. The US scrambled to salvage the cease-fire.
    (WSJ, 7/3/01, p.A1)(SFC, 7/3/01, p.A7)
2001        Jul 2, Mexican President Vicente Fox married his spokeswoman and longtime love, Martha Sahagun, a year to the day after his election victory.
    (AP, 7/2/02)
2001        Jul 2, In Sri Lanka jets were sent against rebel bases near Jaffna.
    (WSJ, 7/3/01, p.A1)
2001        Jul 2, Zimbabwe deployed riot police ahead of the start of a general strike.
    (WSJ, 7/3/01, p.A1)

2002        Jul 2, A trial court in Florida ruled that the state's capital sentencing statute in constitutional.
    (SFC, 7/3/02, p.A5)
2002        Jul 2, The Hayman fire in Colorado was declared under control. It had burned 137,760 acres over 24 days.
    (SFC, 7/3/02, p.A5)
2002        Jul 2, Steve Fossett became the 1st person to fly a balloon solo around the world. On his 6th attempt he completed the journey in 13 days, 12 hours, 16 minutes and 13 seconds. He departed from Australia Jun 19 and covered an estimated 19,428 miles.
    (SFC, 7/3/02, p.A3)
2002        Jul 2, Ray Brown (b.1926), jazz bassist, died in Indianapolis.
    (SFC, 7/4/02, p.A21)(WSJ, 7/9/02, p.D6)
2002        Jul 2, In Chile the highest court halted prosecution of dictator Augusto Pinochet ruling that he was mentally unfit to stand trial for dozens of political killings by the notorious "Caravan of Death."
    (AP, 7/2/02)
2002        Jul 2, East Timor President Xanana Gusmao and his Indonesian counterpart Megawati Sukarnoputri opened a new chapter in ties between the world's newest nation and its former foe, establishing formal diplomatic links and pledging to work together.
    (Reuters, 7/2/02)
2002        Jul 2, Malaysia said it had not reached any new agreements with Singapore on the sale of water to the island state and other issues after two days of talks.
    (Reuters, 7/2/02)
2002        Jul 2, Philippine Vice President Teofisto Guingona resigned as foreign minister, settling but perhaps not ending a public row with President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo over U.S. military exercises in the south of the country.
    (Reuters, 7/2/02)
2002        Jul 2, A former South African policeman killed four people and wounded nine during a shooting rampage in a small town in the Northern Cape province.
    (AP, 7/3/02)

2003        Jul 2, The US was reported to be sending nearly 250,000 metric tons of wheat to Ethiopia to help ease the country's hunger crisis.
    (AP, 7/2/03)
2003        Jul 2, The film "Ken Parks" by Larry Clark and Edward Lachman received an illegal public screening in Balmain, a suburb of Sydney, Australia. The film was about the dysfunctional lives of skateboarders in the suburbs of Visalia, Ca., and was banned due to its explicit sex and violence.
    (SFC, 7/7/03, p.D2)
2003        Jul 2, Vancouver, Canada, was awarded the 2010 Winter Olympics.
    (AP, 7/2/04)
2003        Jul 2, In southern India a train engine and two coaches fell off a bridge and landed on a fish market and parked taxis, killing at least 18.
    (AP, 7/2/03)
2003        Jul 2, A group of 650 Kenyan women won the right to sue the British Ministry of Defense for rapes by British soldiers that took place over a 26 year period beginning in 1977.
    (SFC, 7/3/03, p.A14)
2003        Jul 2, Palestinian police moved into the West Bank town of Bethlehem, the second area handed over by Israel under a U.S.-backed Mideast peace plan.
    (AP, 7/2/03)
2003        Jul 2, Russian authorities detained Platon Lebedev, a close partner of Russia's richest man, Mikhail Khodorkovsky, on suspicion of defrauding the state of $283 million in the 1994 privatization of the Apatit fertilizer company.
    (AP, 7/3/03)
2003        Jul 2, The WHO said Toronto was no longer SARS infected, leaving Taiwan as the only place in the world where the disease was not yet fully under control.
    (AP, 7/2/03)

2004        Jul 2, In Kansas City, Kansas, Elijah Brown (21), an employee at the ConAgra Foods meat-packing plant, went on a shooting rampage that left 5 dead including himself. A 6th person died overnight.
    (AP, 7/3/04)
2004        Jul 2, China began censoring telephone text messages to “block the dissemination of illicit news and information.”
    (SFC, 7/3/04, p.A2)
2004        Jul 2, Shanghai police raided the apartment of Randolph Hobson Guthrie III in a joint US-Chinese operation against pirated DVDs. They seized 210,000 pirated DVD copies.
    (WSJ, 3/7/05, p.A1)
2004        Jul 2, The Dutch government backed plans for "seals of quality" for well-run brothels and standard contracts for prostitutes, as well as more support for those who want to leave the world's oldest profession.
    (Reuters, 7/2/04)
2004        Jul 2, Reva Electric Car, an Indian company that has launched the country's first electric car, has received 500 orders from Britain and plans to build environment-friendly mini-buses and small taxis. Its cheapest version costs 250,000 rupees (US$ 5,500). The company has sold more than 600 cars in India.
    (AP, 7/2/04)
2004        Jul 2, In India’s Bihar state gunmen killed 10 people in the latest outburst of caste violence.
    (AP, 7/3/04)
2004        Jul 2, Scientists from the United States, Britain and Kenya reported that a skull fragment of a small adult with some characteristics of Homo erectus was about 900,000 years old. It was found in 2003 in Olorgesalie, 100 miles southeast of the capital, Nairobi, Kenya.
    (AP, 7/3/04)
2004        Jul 2, A Norwegian strike began targeting the oil exploration sector. It incidentally affected two mobile production units, the Petrojarl I, which ceased operations in early September, and the Petrojarl Varg.
    (AP, 10/13/04)
2004        Jul 2, In Panama a US-registered small jet crashed into an airport hangar during takeoff and burst into flames, killing seven people.
    (AP, 7/3/04)
2004        Jul 2, Yukos, Russia's largest oil producer with an output of 1.7 million barrels per day, warned that it may have to shut down as a result of the legal onslaught.
    (AP, 7/3/04)
2004        Jul 2, In eastern Turkey a car bomb exploded near a governor's convoy, killing 6 people, including a 12-year-old boy, and injuring 23 others.
    (AFP, 7/2/04)(SFC, 7/3/04, p.A10)
2004        Jul 2, In an eastern Turkey a 5.0 earthquake leveled stone and mud houses, killing 18 people and injuring 27.
    (AP, 7/2/04)(SFC, 7/3/04, p.A3)

2005        Jul 2, Venus Williams beat top-ranked Lindsay Davenport at Wimbledon 4-6, 7-6 (4), 9-7 for her fifth major title and her first in nearly four years.
    (AP, 7/2/06)
2005        Jul 2, Shasta Groene, an 8-year-old girl kidnapped six weeks earlier, was rescued at a Denny’s restaurant in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. Joseph Edward Duncan III, a registered sex offender, was arrested and accused of kidnapping Shasta as well as killing members of Shasta's family. [see May 16, July 4] The remains of Shasta’s brother, Dylan Groene (9), were found 2 days later in western Montana.
    (AP, 7/2/06)(SSFC, 7/3/05, p.A18)(AP, 8/28/08)
2005        Jul 2, Ernest Lehman (89) Hollywood screenwriter, died. His work included the 1959 screenplay for Alfred Hitchcock’s film "North by Northwest."
    (SFC, 7/6/05, p.B7)
2005        Jul 2, In Afghanistan a roadside bomb in Paktika province killed 4 policemen traveling in a convoy. Gov. Jan Mohammed Khan said 25 rebels and six Afghan soldiers were killed in a raid on a mountainous Taliban hideout in central Uruzgan province. US and Afghan forces killed 3 rebels after coming under attack twice near the southern city of Kandahar.
    (AP, 7/2/05)
2005        Jul 2, A case of polio in Angola was reported by the UN’s WHO.
    (SSFC, 7/3/05, p.A2)
2005        Jul 2, Australia and New Zealand agreed on tough new measures to pressure Zimbabwe's President Robert Mugabe to respect human rights, including a sports ban and action against him in the International Criminal Court.
    (AP, 7/2/05)
2005        Jul 2, Two trains collided Saturday in Austria's Salzburg province, killing two people.
    (AP, 7/3/05)
2005        Jul 2, A Dhaka-based rights group said Bangladeshi police and security forces had killed a record 236 people in the first six months of 2005.
    (AFP, 7/2/05)
2005        Jul 2, Live 8, the biggest and most ambitious series of rock concerts ever staged, swung into full action with a concert in London, the centerpiece of a 10 worldwide concerts aimed at pressuring the industrialized world to end African poverty.
    (AP, 7/2/05)(SSFC, 7/3/05, p.A1)
2005        Jul 2, A gas explosion at an illegal coal mine in central China killed 19 workers.
    (AP, 7/3/05)
2005        Jul 2, An Egyptian judicial report was released that alleged the government forged turnout figures and forced state employees to fabricate results in a May referendum to allow first-ever multiparty presidential elections.
    (AP, 7/3/05)
2005        Jul 2, Ihab al-Sherif, an Egyptian envoy, was kidnapped in Baghdad, weeks after arriving in the country. He was expected to become Iraq's first Arab ambassador since Iraq's new government took office. Al-Qaida later announced it had killed him.
    (AP, 7/3/05)(AP, 7/2/06)
2005        Jul 2, Estonia reigned supreme once again in the wife-carrying world championship, as Margo Uusorg sprinted home to win the Baltic country's eighth straight title.
    (Reuters, 7/2/05)
2005        Jul 2, The Tour de France got under way as Lance Armstrong started his quest for a seventh straight title before retiring from cycling.
    (AP, 7/2/05)
2005        Jul 2, A French woman in Lyon defied a threat of excommunication by the Roman Catholic Church and held a ceremony proclaiming herself a priest.
    (AP, 7/3/05)
2005        Jul 2, Indian police detained close to 600 protesters as they demonstrated against moves to start the dredging of a controversial sea channel through the island chain between India and Sri Lanka.
    (AP, 7/2/05)
2005        Jul 2, In the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu at least 20 people were killed and 15 others injured in a blaze at a fireworks factory.
    (AP, 7/2/05)
2005        Jul 2, Raging monsoons continued to submerge vast swaths of Indian countryside and forced the evacuation of half a million people.
    (AP, 7/2/05)
2005        Jul 2, A suicide bomber strapped with explosives killed 20 people waiting outside a police recruiting center in Baghdad. 2 more struck in Hillah, a Shiite city south of the capital, in attacks that killed another 5 people.
    (AP, 7/2/05)
2005        Jul 2, In Scotland tens of thousands of protesters clad in white streamed through the cobbled streets of Edinburgh, demanding that the leaders of the world's richest nations act to better the lives of the poorest.
    (AP, 7/2/05)
2005        Jul 2, In eastern Turkey a bomb explosion killed six people and injured eight others on a passenger train. The second train was bombed as it rushed to help the first.
    (AFP, 7/2/05)(AP, 7/3/05)

2006        Jul 2, US researchers reported that astemizol, an allergy drug pulled off the market in 1999, could work to treat malaria. It was marketed under the brand name Hismanal by Janssen Pharmaceutica, a unit of Johnson & Johnson, and can kill the Plasmodium falciparum parasite that causes malaria.
    (AP, 7/2/06)
2006        Jul 2, Jan Murray (born as Murray Janofsky in 1916), comedian and film and TV actor, died in Beverly Hills. He hosted the TV game show “Treasure Hunt” (1956-1959).
    (SFC, 7/3/06, p.A2)
2006        Jul 2, In Afghanistan up to 30 extremists, firing guns and mortars, attacked a coalition patrol that had just found a weapons cache in Sangin. About 20 militants were killed. Afghan police killed seven insurgents that attacked a police checkpoint in Nawzad district in southern Helmand province.
    (AP, 7/3/06)
2006        Jul 2, Africa's leaders meeting in Gambia agreed to send troops to Somalia to support regional efforts at calming the chaotic east African state.
    (Reuters, 7/2/06)
2006        Jul 2, In Bangladesh 2 people were killed and nearly 200 injured in clashes as opposition parties enforced a countrywide transport shutdown.
    (Reuters, 7/2/06)
2006        Jul 2, Bolivians voted for a national assembly that will rewrite the constitution. They voted "yes" or "no" on a ballot question on whether to offer the country's nine states greater autonomy in political and financial affairs. President Morales' supporters failed to win control of an assembly that will rewrite Bolivia's constitution, leaving him no choice but to compromise over his ambitious plans to empower the indigenous majority and boost state control over the economy. Morales allies won 132 seats in the 255-person body. Voters in four of Bolivia's nine states overwhelmingly chose greater political and economic autonomy for their states.
    (AP, 6/29/06)(AP, 7/3/06)
2006        Jul 2, EADS's French co-chief executive Noel Forgeard and Airbus's German head Gustav Humbert tendered their resignations over delays to deliveries of the A380 superjumbo that has wiped billions of euros (dollars) off EADS's share price. Louis Gallois became the new EADS co-CEO; Christian Strieff was named the new president and CEO of Airbus.
    (AFP, 7/2/06)(WSJ, 7/3/06, p.A2)
2006        Jul 2, Pirates in the Strait of Malacca off Indonesia's coast boarded two UN-chartered ships carrying construction material for the reconstruction of the tsunami-hit Aceh. They stole and damaged equipment on the first ship and robbed the crew of cash and personal belongings on the other.
    (AP, 7/4/06)
2006        Jul 2, Israeli aircraft sent missiles tearing through the office of Palestinian PM Ismail Haniyeh in an unmistakable message to his ruling Hamas group to free an Israeli soldier.
    (AP, 7/2/06)
2006        Jul 2, Iraq’s largest Sunni Arab bloc in parliament said it was suspending its participation in the legislature until a kidnapped colleague was released, dealing a blow to efforts to involve the disaffected minority in the political process. A roadside bomb in Baghdad killed Col. Muthanna Faeq Abdul-Razzaq, the assistant commander of the Iraqi army's 7th Division, and wounded his driver. 2 policemen were killed and six were wounded in a shootout between gunmen and Iraqi police. A bomb struck a house in Baqouba, killing two people and wounding four. Clashes between insurgents and Iraqi police southwest of Kirkuk left one policeman and two insurgents dead.
    (AP, 7/2/06)
2006        Jul 2, Liechtenstein remained on the list of uncooperative tax havens because, unlike 33 other jurisdictions, it had not made a commitment to the OECD to improve transparency and to establish effective exchange of information for tax purposes with OECD countries. The population stood at some 34,600.
    (AP, 7/2/06)
2006        Jul 2, Mexico held presidential elections. Felipe Calderon (43) calling himself “the candidate of jobs,” faced Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador: “For everyone’s good, the poor first.” Lopez Villanueva, head of the Francisco Villa Popular Front, arranged to have 10,000 members as poll watchers for Lopez Obrador. A tight race delayed the results to July 5. The per capita GDP was $10,000. Oil production was 3.35 million barrels per day. On July 6 Calderon was named the winner by 234,000 votes. The final outcome rested with the electoral court, Trife, and its decision was due by September 6.
    (Econ, 6/10/06, p.36)(WSJ, 6/28/06, p.A1)(Econ, 7/15/06, p.35)(AP, 7/7/07)
2006        Jul 2, In Nicaragua Herty Lewites (b.1939), former mayor of Managua (2000-2004) and recent presidential candidate, died of a heart attack. He broke with the leftist Sandinista party to run against its leader Daniel Ortega.
    (http://tinyurl.com/omz5w)(AP, 7/3/06)(Econ, 11/4/06, p.45)
2006        Jul 2, A Peruvian rescue team found the bodies of 3 American mountaineers killed during an icy climb high in the Andes. They located Kristen Yoder (21), her brother Dustin Yoder (23) and Brennan Larson (24) in a 100-foot-deep crevasse on the Artesonraju peak.
    (AP, 7/3/06)
2006        Jul 2, Senegal's President Abdoulaye Wade said his country would try Chad's former leader Hissene Habre, wanted by Belgium for trial on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity.
    (AFP, 7/2/06)
2006        Jul 2, Sri Lanka’s Tamil Tigers, claiming they have just trained 6,000 civilians in armed combat,  accused the UN of exaggerating the number of child fighters in the rebels' ranks. Police said Sampath Lakmal, a freelance Sri Lankan journalist, has been gunned down near the capital Colombo.
    (AFP, 7/2/06)(AP, 7/2/06)

2007        Jul 2, US President George W. Bush commuted a 30 month jail term imposed on a former top White House aide Lewis 'Scooter' Libby for lying to federal investigators, sparking outrage from opposition Democrats.
    (AP, 7/3/07)
2007        Jul 2, Russia’s Pres. Putin, while visiting Pres. Bush in Maine, proposed an alternative missile shield system to be jointly developed by the NATO-Russia Council.
    (SFC, 7/3/07, p.A3)
2007        Jul 2, Arizona Gov. Janet Napolitano signed a bill imposing stiff penalties on employers who hire illegal immigrants.
    (Econ, 7/7/07, p.35)(www.azcentral.com/news/articles/0702sanctions02-ON.html)
2007        Jul 2, Michael Woodbury (31), released May 4 from the Maine State Prison after serving five years for robbery and theft, killed three men during a botched robbery in Conway, NH. In August he pleaded guilty and was given a mandatory sentence of life in prison without parole.
    (AP, 8/17/07)
2007        Jul 2, Beverly Sills (b. 1929), American opera star, died in Manhattan.
    (SFC, 7/3/07, p.B5)
2007        Jul 2, In southern Afghanistan a roadside bomb destroyed a police vehicle on patrol, killing all 7 policemen on board. A doctor at Kandahar's main hospital said NATO forces killed one man and wounded 3. Taliban militants ambushed a police patrol in the Mizan district, killing one policeman. A 30-minute gun battle ensued, leaving 3 suspected Taliban dead.
    (AP, 7/2/07)(AP, 7/3/07)
2007        Jul 2, Police in Australia arrested a 27-year-old Indian doctor over the foiled terror attacks in London and Glasgow, and were interviewing a second doctor in the case.
    (AP, 7/3/07)
2007        Jul 2, Australia's second largest retailer Coles said it had agreed to a 22 billion dollar (18.7 billion US) buyout offer from conglomerate Wesfarmers, the largest corporate deal in Australian history.
    (AP, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, Researchers said the first test-tube baby created from an egg matured in the laboratory and then frozen has been born in Canada, in a breakthrough offering hope to women with cancer and others unsuited to normal IVF treatment.
    (Reuters, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, Brahim Deby (27), the son of Chad's president, was found dead with a head wound in the basement of his apartment building in a Paris suburb. Authorities treated the case as a murder investigation.
    (AP, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, Thomas Mooney (45), a senior American diplomat who disappeared four days ago with his car, was found dead on Cyprus in a rural area outside the capital.
    (AP, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, The European high speed train operators Deutsche Bahn, SNCF, SNCB, NS Hispeed, ÖBB, SBB and Eurostar UK and the high speed subsidiaries Thalys, Lyria and Alleo today announced the actual formation of Railteam. Its aim is to offer travelers seamless high-speed train travel across international borders in Western Europe.
    (www.railteam.eu/en/press-corner.php)
2007        Jul 2, Egyptian security sources said Sherif al-Filali, an Egyptian engineer who was convicted in 2002 of spying for Israel, has died in jail of a possible heart attack while serving a 15-year sentence.
    (Reuters, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, Count Gottfried von Bismarck (44), whose life of privileged excess as a descendant of Germany's "Iron Chancellor" was clouded by two deaths at his decadent parties, was found dead at his $10 million apartment in London's Chelsea district.
    (AP, 7/4/07)
2007        Jul 2, In Ghana African Union leaders gathered behind closed doors for a debate on how to beef up its continental system of government with Libya's Moamer Kadhafi leading a push to create a confederation of states.
    (AP, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, About 1,500 residents of a remote Guatemalan village rioted over the purported kidnappings of two children, burning down a police station and holding their mayor and another man hostage.
    (AP, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, Iran’s President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad inaugurated an English-language satellite television channel to counter what he claims is the West's influence in covering news.
    (AP, 7/3/07)
2007        Jul 2,  A US military Kiowa attack helicopter was shot down by insurgents south of Baghdad.
    (AP, 7/3/07)
2007        Jul 2, Nigerian university lecturers called off a more than three-month strike to press for improved working conditions.
    (AFP, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, President Gen. Pervez Musharraf's attempt to remove Pakistan's chief justice received a setback when a Supreme Court judge rejected government evidence and ordered a sweep of courts and judges' homes for spying devices.
    (AP, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, The UN and other agencies offered aid and helicopters to Pakistan after floods unleashed by a cyclone and days of torrential rain devastated 1.5 million people leaving over 600 people dead.
    (AFP, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, Hamas arrested the spokesman of a shadowy group holding British reporter Alan Johnston, a move that could give it a bargaining chip to secure the Briton's release.
    (AP, 7/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, Somali gunmen shot dead a senior government official in Mogadishu. A teenager died when munitions left behind by African Union peacekeepers exploded.
    (Reuters, 7/3/07)
2007        Jul 2, A South Korean court sentenced tycoon Kim Seung Youn to 18 months in prison over a beating attack earlier this year against bar workers involved in a scuffle with his son. The sentence was shelved on Sep 11, due his deteriorating health.
    (AP, 7/2/07)(SFC, 9/12/07, p.C5)
2007        Jul 2, In Yemen a suicide bomber plowed his car into people visiting a temple linked to the ancient Queen of Sheba, killing seven Spaniards and two Yemenis. A wounded Spanish woman died July 14. The suicide bomber was later identified as Abdu Mohammed Saad Ahmed (21), a Yemeni citizen.
    (AP, 7/3/07)(AP, 7/15/07)(AP, 8/2/07)
2007        Jul 2, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon reissued a report on the Western Sahara that eliminated controversial recommendations on the future of the disputed region.
    (AP, 7/2/07)

2008        Jul 2, The US lifted a moratorium on applications to build solar power plants on public lands in 6 Western states.
    (WSJ, 7/3/08, p.A1)
2008        Jul 2, In Vermont the body of a missing girl (12), whose uncle (Michael Jacques) allegedly planned to force her into a sex ring the day she disappeared, was found in Randolph, not far from his house.
    (AP, 7/2/08)
2008        Jul 2, In California Hans Florine (44) and Yuji Hirayama (39) broke a World Record for the fastest climb up the Nose of El Capitan (2:43:33) in Yosemite National Park. On Oct 12 they broke the record again with a time of 2:37:5. On Nov 6, 2010, climbers Dean Potter and Sean Leary broke the record with a time of 2:36:45.
    (SFC, 7/3/08, p.A1)(SFC, 10/13/08, p.A1)(SFC, 11/15/10, p.A1)
2008        Jul 2, In central Afghanistan a roadside blast killed five Afghan soldiers in Logar province. Gunfire brought down a US UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter in the same province, but no US personnel were hurt. In the northwest Afghan and international troops killed 25 Taliban after militants ambushed an Afghan patrol in Muqur district.
    (AP, 7/3/08)
2008        Jul 2, President Alexander Lukashenko said he acceded to Western and opposition demands for greater democracy ahead of elections.
    (WSJ, 7/3/08, p.A1)
2008        Jul 2, The British government said police have arrested more than 500 suspects in a crackdown on human trafficking in the sex trade. Police made 528 arrests in the operation, codenamed Pentameter 2, after raiding 822 premises, of which 157 were massage parlors and 582 houses and flats. The operation began in October and involved 55 police forces.
    (AFP, 7/2/08)
2008        Jul 2, Colombian spies tricked leftist rebels into handing over presidential candidate Ingrid Betancourt (kidnapped in 2002), three US military contractors (captured in 2003), and 10 other hostages in a helicopter rescue so successful that not a single shot was fired. In 2009 Keith Stansell, Thomas Howes and Marc Gonsalves authored "Out of Captivity," a memoir of their 5 ½ year captivity by Colombia's leftist rebels.
    (AP, 7/2/08)(AP, 2/26/09)
2008        Jul 2, Deutsche Bank acquired the Dutch corporate banking arm of ABN AMRO from Fortis, a Benelux bank, for $1.1 billion in cash.
    (Econ, 7/12/08, p.83)
2008        Jul 2, In India an estimated four million truckers went on strike to press for uniform diesel prices and to protest against an increase in taxes.
    (AFP, 7/2/08)
2008        Jul 2, Iraqi security forces arrested two locally prominent supporters of radical Shiite cleric Muqtada al-Sadr as part of their crackdown against Shiite militias in the southern city of Amarah. Police said Abdul-Jabar Wahid Humaidi, head of the provincial council in Maysan, where Amarah is the capital, and Fadhil Niama, head of the council's security committee, were suspected of supporting Shiite militias. A string of mortar shells hit the residential area of al-Amil in western Baghdad, killing one civilian and wounding eight others. In eastern Diyala province, US-allied Sunnis killed two al-Qaida terrorists south of Baqouba.
    (AP, 7/2/08)
2008        Jul 2, In Israel Hussam Dwayat (30), a Palestinian man from Arab east Jerusalem plowed, an enormous construction vehicle into cars, buses and pedestrians on a busy street, killing at least 3 people and wounding at least 45 before he was shot dead by security officers. Palestinian witnesses said an angry crowd in the Gaza Strip has stormed a border crossing with Egypt throwing rocks at Egyptian troops.
    (AP, 7/2/08)
2008        Jul 2, Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi pledged to end the garbage crisis in Naples and the surrounding area by the end of July.
    (AP, 7/2/08)
2008        Jul 2, Japan and Middle Eastern leaders agreed on a project to bring thousands of badly needed jobs to the West Bank, voicing hope it would lay the groundwork for a Palestinian state.
    (AFP, 7/2/08)
2008        Jul 2, In Kashmir the Indian army said 11 Muslim rebels and an Indian soldier have been killed in two days of fierce fighting in a district bordering the Pakistani part of the disputed state.
    (AFP, 7/2/08)
2008        Jul 2, Stanley Ho, casino entrepreneur in Macao, agreed to sell a 25% stake from some $500 million in his SJM Holdings, which owned 19 or Macao’s 29 casinos.
    (Econ, 7/5/08, p.75)
2008        Jul 2, In Mexico 4 decapitated bodies were found on a street in Culiacan, blocks away from their severed heads. Four gunmen were killed hours later, after opening fire on federal police patrolling Culiacan, a center for the powerful Sinaloa drug cartel. Under attack, police shot back at the home where the gunmen were holed up, killing the four assailants and capturing two others.
    (AP, 7/3/08)
2008        Jul 2, The Moroccan news agency said 35 alleged recruiters for Al-Qaeda operations in Algeria and Iraq were arrested by police in Morocco, where they were also accused of planning attacks. The suspects allegedly belong to a Salafist group, Salafiya Jihadiya.
    (AFP, 7/3/08)
2008        Jul 2, The Nigerian government charged two former aviation ministers with misusing a $165-million fund set up to improve air safety after three airplane accidents.
    (AP, 7/2/08)
2008        Jul 2, In South Korea tens of thousands of auto workers went on strike to oppose the government's lifting of a ban on US beef imports.
    (AP, 7/2/08)
2008        Jul 2, In Sri Lanka a series of battles between government forces and Tamil Tiger fighters on the front lines of the civil war killed 26 rebels. The fighting took place throughout the day, killing two rebels in the Vavuniya area, 12 in Mannar and 12 in Welioya. Rebel spokesman Rasiah Ilanthirayan disputed those figures, saying three of his fighters and 11 soldiers were killed in the fighting.
    (AP, 7/3/08)
2008        Jul 2, Zimbabwe opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai rejected an African Union decision to keep South Africa's president alone in charge of efforts to resolve Zimbabwe's political crisis. The European Commission insisted that Zimbabwe opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai should be named at the head of any new government. South African President Thabo Mbeki rejected the EU position.
    (AP, 7/2/08)(AFP, 7/2/08)

2009        Jul 2, The US Labor dept. reported that employers cut a larger-than-expected 467,000 jobs in June, driving the unemployment rate up to a 26-year high of 9.5 percent, suggesting that the economy's road to recovery will be bumpy.
    (AP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, In NYC federal marshals seized disgraced financier Bernard Madoff's $7 million Manhattan penthouse and forced his wife to move out and leave her possessions behind, including a fur coat she had asked to take with her.
    (AP, 7/3/09)
2009        Jul 2, California State Controller John Chiang began to issuing IOUs to pay taxpayer refunds and vendors. On July 9 the SEC classified the IOUs as municipal securities subject to regulation to prevent their being traded by entrepreneurs in an open secondary market.
    (SFC, 7/10/09, p.A1, 12)
2009        Jul 2, In South Carolina 2 victims were found in their family's small furniture and appliance shop near downtown Gaffney around closing time. Stephen Tyler (45) was killed. His daughter, Abby Tyler (15) died from her wounds on July 4.  A day earlier and about seven miles away, family members found the bodies of Hazel Linder (83) and her 50-year-old daughter, Gena Linder Parker, bound and shot in Linder's home. The killing spree began June 27, about 10 miles from Tyler Home Center, where peach farmer Kline Cash (63) was found shot in his living room.
    (AP, 7/4/09)(SSFC, 7/5/09, p.A11)
2009        Jul 2, Thousands of US Marines poured from helicopters and armored vehicles into Taliban-controlled villages in southern Afghanistan in Operation Khanjar (Strike of the Sword), the first major operation under President Barack Obama's strategy to stabilize the country. A parallel British operation, Panchai Palang (Panther’s Claw), fought the Taliban for control of the Nad Ali district. The Taliban responded with their own Operation Foladi (Iron Net).
    (AP, 7/2/09)(AP, 7/6/09)(Econ, 7/11/09, p.40)
2009        Jul 2, A British RAF Tornado fighter aircraft crashed in a remote area of Scotland.
    (AFP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, Canada said it has forgiven C$2.3 million in debt owed by Haiti as part of a plan that aims to relieve the world's poorest countries of C$1.3 billion in debt.
    (Reuters, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, Pina Bausch (b.1940), influential German choreographer and dancer, died. She was the artistic director of the Tanztheater Wuppertal, founded in 1973.
    (SFC, 7/4/09, p.B3)
2009        Jul 2, A top Indian court issued a landmark ruling that decriminalized gay sex between consenting adults by declaring a colonial-era ban on homosexuality unconstitutional. The decision applied only to the territory of the capital, New Delhi.
    (AFP, 7/2/09)(SFC, 7/3/09, p.A5)
2009        Jul 2, In Iraq bombings killed at least three people in the Baghdad area in the first significant violence since Iraqi forces assumed responsibility for securing cities after the withdrawal of US combat troops from urban areas earlier this week.
    (AP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, Manabu Kurita caught a 22-pound, 4-ounce largemouth bass on Lake Biwa, Japan's largest lake. On Jan 8, 2010, the Florida-based International Game Fish Association credited him with tying the 77-year-old world record for catching the biggest largemouth bass.
    (AP, 1/9/10)
2009        Jul 2, Amnesty International accused Israel and Palestinian militants of war crimes in the most comprehensive report on the recent Gaza war. Both sides rejected the findings.
    (AP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, Liberia's truth and reconciliation commission recommended that ex-President Charles Taylor and seven other former warlords be prosecuted for crimes against humanity for their alleged roles in the West African country's civil war.
    (AP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, African heads of state meeting in Libya discussed a drastic new decision against the International Criminal Court that would in practice give Sudan's president impunity from prosecution for war crimes by the ICC, a draft document at the AU summit showed. Leaders also struggled to overcome divisions on a proposed "African government", as Libyan leader Moamer Kadhafi pressed for a powerful new continental authority.
    (AP, 7/2/09)(AFP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, In Nepal landslides triggered by monsoon rains swept through three villages in the mountainous west, burying homes and killing at least nine people.
    (AP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, North Korea test-fired four short-range missiles, further stoking tension in the region that was already high due to Pyongyang's nuclear test and threats to boost its nuclear arsenal in response to UN sanctions.
    (Reuters, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, In Rawalpindi, Pakistan, a suicide bomber targeted employees of a nuclear facility left 29 people wounded. Near Peshawar, the main city in the northwest, a roadside bomb killed two policemen and wounded five more. Maulvi Nazir, a powerful militant chieftain in the frontier region of South Waziristan, declared a cease-fire against security forces.
    (AP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, In Peru two buses crashed head-on on a mountain road near Lake Titicaca, killing at least 23 people and injuring 50 more.
    (AP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, South Africa urged its public service doctors to halt wildcat strikes and accept a revised wage offer after low salaries and abysmal working conditions led them to abandon patients.
    (AFP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, Spain's intelligence chief, Alberto Saiz, resigned amid allegations he used government money to go on hunting and fishing trips and had staffers remodel his house.
    (AP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, The BBC reported that Syria’s Pres. Assad has issued a presidential decree ordering honor killers to face at least 2 years in prison.
    (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8130639.stm)
2009        Jul 2, The UN nuclear agency's governing board (IAEA) chose Yukiya Amano, a veteran Japanese diplomat as its new head. The term of the present head, Mohamed ElBaradei, ends in November.
    (AP, 7/2/09)
2009        Jul 2, In Vietnam an official said for every 100 girls born to Vietnamese families, there are 112 boys born, a disparity in the sex ratio that has been rapidly increasing in recent years. The rising imbalance was blamed on a cultural preference for boys who can continue the bloodline and the belief that boys can better care for parents as they age.
    (AP, 7/2/09)

2010             Jul 2, An appeals court in Washington put government prosecutors on notice that they must show evidence that an Algerian detainee held at Guantanamo Bay for more than eight years is actually "part of" al Qaida, or set him free. The decision reversed what had been a rare victory for the government since the Supreme Court ruled that Guantanamo detainees had the right to contest their incarceration in US courts. Of the 50 cases that have been decided by district courts, the government has prevailed in only 14.
            (McClatchy, 7/2/10)
2010        Jul 2, The US Border Patrol in Washington State warned hikers on the Pacific Crest Trail they could face arrest, jail and a $5,000 fine if they cross the US-Canadian border improperly. The 2,650-mile trail stretches north from Mexico, crosses the US border in the Pasayten Wilderness and continues for about nine miles to Manning Provincial Park in British Columbia.
            (AP, 7/2/10)
2010        Jul 2, In California a state appellate court sided with the Schwarzenegger administration in its attempt to temporarily impose the $7.25 per hour federal minimum wage on tens of thousands of state workers.
            (AP, 7/2/10)(SFC, 7/2/10, p.C1)
2010        Jul 2, More than 180,000 people packed into the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum over two days for a rave party. A suspected overdose led to the death of a girl (15). Scores of injuries resulted when people tried to force their way closer to the event's five stages.
            (AP, 7/2/10)
2010        Jul 2, The Chicago City Council approved what city officials said is the strictest handgun ordnance in the US.
            (SFC, 7/3/10, p.A4)
2010        Jul 2, In northern Afghanistan Taliban suicide attackers stormed a four-story house used by an American AID organization in Kunduz, killing four people before dying in a fierce, 6-hour gunbattle with Afghan security forces.
            (AP, 7/2/10)(SFC, 7/3/10, p.A2)
2010        Jul 2, Dame Beryl Bainbridge, English novelist, died. Her 18 novels included “Injury Time,” for which she won the Whitbread Prize in 1977.
    (Econ, 7/17/10, p.90)
2010        Jul 2, It was reported that grenade attacks in Burundi have killed 8 people and wounded almost 50 over the last month.
            (WSJ, 7/2/10, p.A2)
2010        Jul 2, In eastern Congo a fuel tanker overturned and burst into flames, sparking a massive fire that killed at least 230 villagers and wounded more than 200 — some of whom had rushed to siphon leaking liquid from the vehicle illegally. (AP, 7/3/10)(SSFC, 7/4/10, p.A5)(SFC, 7/5/10, p.A2)
2010        Jul 2, In junta-ruled Guinea electoral officials announced that a runoff vote would be needed to determine who wins the mineral-rich West African nation's first free election since independence.
            (AP, 7/2/10)
2010        Jul 2, In India leading Naxalite Cherkuri Rajkumar, aka Azad, was killed security forces in Andhra Pradesh state.
    (Econ, 7/24/10, p.44)
2010        Jul 2, Jakarta's annual month-long flora and fauna expo opened. It included sales of the world's most threatened ploughshare tortoise and the critically endangered radiated tortoises, both from Madagascar. While the government has passed legislation banning such illegal trade, dealers continue to blatantly sell endangered species without fear of arrest or prosecution.
    (AP, 7/3o/10)
2010         Jul 2, Kenyans expressed outrage after members of parliament this week recommended giving themselves a $175,000 annual pay package as farmworkers averaged $40 per month.
            (SFC, 7/2/10, p.A2)
2010        Jul 2, In Kosovo an explosion tore through a Serb protest in Mitrovica fatally injuring one man and leaving 11 others with shrapnel wounds.
            (SFC, 7/2/10, p.A2)
2010        Jul 2, Mexican authorities said they have arrested Jesus Ernesto Chavez (41), a drug-cartel enforcer. Chavez said Lesley Enriquez, a woman who worked in the Mexican border's biggest US consulate, had helped a rival gang obtain American visas, and for that he ordered her killed. Employee Lesley Enriquez (35) and two other people connected to the US consulate in the city of Ciudad Juarez were killed March 13 in attacks that raised concerns that Americans were being caught up in drug-related border violence.
            (AP, 7/2/10)(SFC, 7/3/10, p.A3)
2010        Jul 2, A Panamanian court dropped money laundering charges against former Nicaraguan President Arnoldo Aleman. The court argued the charges against Aleman were similar to charges he has faced in Nicaragua.
    (AP, 7/9/10)
2010                Jul 2, An unmanned Russian space capsule carrying supplies to the International Space Station failed in a docking attempt. The Progress space capsule was carrying more than two tons of food, water and other supplies for the orbiting laboratory. NASA said the failure was due to an antenna problem. Space station commander Alexander Skvortsov reported the Progress was "rotating uncontrollably" as it neared the space station. The capsule docked successfully with the ISS on July 4.
            (AP, 7/2/10)(SFC, 7/5/10, p.A2)
2010        Jul 2, In South Africa Jackie Selebi, former state police commissioner, was found guilty of corruption.
            (SFC, 7/2/10, p.A2)
2010        Jul 2, The Geneva-based World Food Program declared its work in Niger an "emergency operation" after a survey found a sharp rise in malnutrition rates among young children. WFP spokeswoman Emilia Casella said 16.7 percent of children under 5 years old suffer from acute malnutrition in the African country.
            (AP, 7/2/10)

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