Today in History - July 1
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70CE Jul 1,
Roman Emperor Titus assaulted the walls of Jerusalem with battering
rams.
(MC, 7/1/02)
96CE Jul 1, Vespasian, a Roman
Army leader, was hailed as a Roman Emperor by the Egyptian legions.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1097 Jul 1, The 1st Crusaders
defeated Sultan Kilidj Arslan of Nicea.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1200 Jul 1, Sunglasses were
invented in China.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1390 Jul 1, A French and
Genovese armada sailed out against Barbary pirates.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1517 Jul 1, The 1st burning of
Protestants at stake in Netherlands.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1523 Jul 1, Hendrik Voes,
Flemish priest, church reformer, was burned at stake along with John
of Esschen, Flemish priest, church reformer.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1535 Jul 1, Sir Thomas More
went on trial in England for treason.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1543 Jul 1, England and
Scotland signed the peace of Greenwich.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1569 Jul 1, The Lublin Union
was signed and direct rule over Lithuania was passed to Poland.
Lithuania maintained certain ministers, laws, money and an army. The
territories of Volinija, Kiev and Podolija were transferred to
Polish rule.
(H of L, 1931, p.72-74)(LC, 1998, p.20)
1569 Jul 1, Latvia Parliament
accepted the Union of Lublin and was incorporated into Poland.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1596 Jul 1, An English fleet
under the Earl of Essex, Lord Howard of Effingham and Francis Vere
captured and sacked Cadiz, Spain.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1646 Jul 1, Gottfried Von
Leibniz (Leibnitz, d.1716), German philosopher and mathematician,
was born.
(HN, 7/1/98)(WUD, 1994, p.819)
1656 Jul 1, The 1st Quakers,
Mary Fisher and Ann Austin, arrived in Boston and were promptly
arrested.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1690 Jul 1, England's
Protestant King William III of Orange was victorious over his
father-in-law, the Catholic King James II (from Scot) in Battle of
Boyne (in Ireland). This touched off three centuries of religious
bloodshed. Protestants took over the Irish Parliament. This marked
the beginning of the annual Drumcree parade, held by the Loyal
Orange Lodge on the first Sunday of July. Due to calendar changes in
1752 this later became commemorated on Jul 12.
(PC, 1992, p.265)(WSJ, 7/11/96, p.A1)(SFEC,
12/22/96, Z1 p.6)(SFEC, 7/4/99, p.A18)
1690 Jul 1, Led by Marshall
Luxembourg, the French defeated the forces of the Grand Alliance at
Fleurus in the Netherlands.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1731 Jul 1, The “Instrument of
Association” for the Library Company of Philadelphia was
signed under the leadership of Benjamin Franklin. It was America’s
first circulating library.
(www.librarycompany.org/Lemay1.pdf)(AH, 2/06,
p.56)
1776 Jul 1, The Continental
Congress, sitting as a committee, met on July 1, 1776, to debate a
resolution submitted by Virginia delegate Richard Henry Lee on June
7. The resolution stated that the United Colonies "are, and of right
ought to be, free and independent States." The committee voted for
the motion and, on July 2 in formal session took the final vote for
independence.
(HNQ, 7/1/99)
1776 Jul 1, The British fleet
anchored off Sandy Hook in New York Bay.
(WSJ, 11/16/99, p.A28)
1777 Jul 1, British troops
departed from their base at the Bouquet river to head toward
Ticonderoga, New York.
(HN, 7/1/00)
1784 Jul 1, Wilhelm Friedmann
Bach (73), composer (Sinfonias 64), died.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1798 Jul 1, Napoleon Bonaparte
took Alexandria, Egypt. In 1962 J.C. Herold authored "Bonaparte in
Egypt." A corps of 150 civilian artists and scientists traveled with
Napoleon’s troops to Egypt. In 2007 Nina Burleigh authored “Mirage:
Napoleon’s Scientists and the Unveiling of Egypt.”
(SFC, 9/11/97, p.E3)(HN, 7/1/98)(ON, 12/99,
p.4)(SFC, 12/14/07, p.E3)
1804 Jul 1, George Sand
(Amandine-Aurore Lucille Dupin de Francueil, d.1876), French
novelist, was born in Paris. She wrote some 80 novels that included
“Consuelo” (1842) and “La Comtesse de Rudolstadt” (1843). In 1975
Curtis Cate published the biography: "George Sand." "I would rather
believe that God did not exist than believe that He was
indifferent."
(WUD, 1994, p.1265)(HN, 7/1/01) (AP,
10/17/98)(HN, 7/1/01)(Econ, 7/31/04, p.72)
1818 Jul 1, Ignaz Semmelweis
(d.1865), Hungarian gynecologist, was born. He later connected
childbed fever to doctors who spread of germs due to their failure
to wash their hands. In 2003 Sherwin B. Nuland authored "The
Doctors' Plague: Germs, Childbed Fever and the Strange Story of
Ignac Semmelweis."
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Semmelweis)(SSFC, 11/23/03,
p.M3)
1823 Jul 1, The United
Provinces of Central America (Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras,
Nicaragua and San Salvador) gained independence from Mexico. The
union dissolved by 1840.
(PC, 1992, p.393)(ON, 12/99, p.5)
1835 Jul 1, German printer Carl
Bertelsmann (1791-1850) founded Bertelsmann Verlag in Gutersloh, as
a publisher and printer of religious books. In 2004 it was Europe’s
largest media company.
(Econ, 3/6/04, p.61)(Econ, 10/17/09,
p.102)(http://tinyurl.com/y8odb47)
1838 Jul 1, Charles Darwin
presented a paper on his theory of evolution to the Linnea Society
in London.
(HN, 7/1/01)
1847 Jul 1, The faces of
founding fathers Benjamin Franklin and George Washington were
pictured on the first U.S. government-sponsored postage stamps.
Following a Congressional directive, the Post Office issued a
Franklin five-cent stamp and a Washington 10-cent stamp.
(HNQ, 5/16/98)(HN, 7/1/98)
1848 Jul 1, Ranald MacDonald
(1824-1894), a Chinook-Scottish sailor, separated from an American
whaling ship and arrived at Rishiri Island off Hokkaido, Japan. He
was imprisoned for virtually his whole 10-month stay. In 2003
Frederik L. Schodt authored "Native American in the Land of the
Shogun: Ranald MacDonald and the Opening of Japan."
(SSFC, 7/12/03, p.M3)(Econ, 12/22/07, p.63)
1858 Jul 1, The Darwin-Wallace
theory of evolution was 1st read at a meeting of the Linnaean
Society of London.
(NH, 2/02, p.76)
1860 Jul 1, Charles Goodyear
(b.1800), inventor or the vulcanization process for rubber, died. In
2002 Charles Slack authored "Noble Obsession" an account of his
quest to develop a form of rubber impervious to high temperatures.
(WSJ, 7/31/02,
p.D10)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Goodyear)
1861 Jul 1, The US War
Department decreed that Kansas and Tennessee were to be canvassed
for volunteers.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1862 Jul 1, Abraham Lincoln
instituted an income tax to pay for the Civil War. The US Internal
Revenue Service (IRS) was founded. Internal Revenue Law imposed
federal taxes on inheritance, tobacco & a progressive rate on
incomes over $600.
(SFC, 11/2/96, p.D1)(WSJ, 12/15/95, p.A-1)(MC,
7/1/02)
1862 Jul 1, The US Congress
outlawed polygamy for the 1st time. The Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act,
signed by Pres. Lincoln, made polygamy illegal in American
territories. It led to the prosecution of over 1300 Mormons. It also
granted large tracts of public land to the states with the directive
to sell for the support of institutions teaching the mechanical and
agricultural arts. It also obligated state male university students
to military training. The education initiative resulted in 68
land-grant colleges.
(SFEM, 6/28/98, p.39)(SFEM, 1/30/00, p.8,14)(HNQ,
10/6/02)(MC, 7/1/02)
1862 Jul 1, In day 7 of the 7
Days Battle Union artillery stopped a Confederate attack at Malvern
Hill, Virginia. Casualties totaled: US 15,249 and CS 17,583.
(HN, 7/1/98)(MC, 7/1/02)
1862 Jul 1, Czar Alexander II
granted Jews the right to publish books.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1863 Jul 1, The opening
shot at the Battle of Gettysburg was at 7:30 a.m. In the first day's
fighting at Gettysburg, Federal forces retreated through the town
and dug in at Cemetery Ridge and Cemetery Hill. Gen. Robert E. Lee's
ordered Lt. Gen. Richard Ewell, "Take the hill if practicable, but
do not bring on a general engagement..." Books on the campaign
included "The Gettysburg Campaign, A Study in Command," by Edwin B.
Coddington and "Gettysburg: Culp's Hill and Cemetery Hill," by Harry
W. Pfanz. The novel "While Gods and Generals" by Jeff Shaara, son of
Michael Shaara, describes the years leading up to the battle.
(HFA, '96, p.32)(AP, 7/1/97)(SFEC, 6/21/98,
p.D5)(HN, 7/1/98)
1863 Jul 1, John Fulton
Reynolds (42), Union general, died in battle at Gettysburg.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1863 Jul 1, The Dutch abolished
slavery in Suriname. The Dutch were among the last Europeans to
abolish slavery.
(AP, 7/2/03)
1864 Jul 1, Battle of
Petersburg, VA, began.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1867 Jul 1, Canada became a
self-governing dominion of Great Britain as the British North
America Act took effect. The Dominion of Canada included New
Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Quebec. A dispute with Manitoba
on territory in northwest Ontario was settled in 1889 on behalf of
Ontario. John Alexander Macdonald became the 1st prime minister.
(AP,
7/1/97)(www.canadiana.org/citm/themes/constitution/constitution13_e.html)
1873 Jul 1, Prince Edward
Island became the 7th Canadian province.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1874 Jul 1, The 1st US zoo
opened in Philadelphia.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1878 Jul 1, Treaty of Berlin
divided Africa for colonization. [see Jul 13]
(MC, 7/1/02)
1882 Jul 1, Susan Glaspell
(d.1948), novelist and playwright, author of "Alison’s House," was
born.
(WUD, 1994 p.600)(HN, 7/1/98)
1884 Jul 1, Allan Pinkerton
(b.1819) founder of the Pinkerton Agency, died in Chicago. In 1996
James Mackay authored “Allan Pinkerton.”
(http://aotw.org/officers.php?officer_id=918)(ON,
7/06, p.12)
1892 Jul 1, James M. Cain
(d.1977), fiction writer, was born in Annapolis, Maryland. His work
included "The Postman Always Rings Twice" and "Mildred Pierce." As a
member of the "hard-boiled" school of crime fiction of the 1930s and
1940s he is often associated with the equally popular writers
Dashiell Hammett and Raymond Chandler.
(HN, 7/1/98)(iUniv. 7/1/00)
1893 Jul 1, Pres. Cleveland
underwent a secret oral surgery aboard the yacht Oneida for a
cancerous growth in his upper palate. The cancer operation remained
a secret until July 1, 1917, when the doctor who performed the
operation revealed the story.
(ON, 10/99, p.11)(HNQ, 11/6/99)
1893 Jul 1, Canada enacted a
riot act as part of its criminal code.
(SSFC, 7/26/09, p.A4)(http://tinyurl.com/lfqouh)
1896 Jul 1, Harriet Beecher
Stowe (85), US author (Uncle Tom's Cabin), died.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1898 Jul 1, American troops
took San Juan Hill and El Caney, Cuba, from the Spaniards. During
the Spanish-American War, Theodore Roosevelt and his "Rough Riders"
waged a victorious assault on San Juan Hill in SE Cuba. Lieutenant
Colonel Theodore Roosevelt was unsatisfied with the lack of clear
orders and decided to lead a charge up San Juan Hill himself. At
first, Regular troops were resistant to following a volunteer
officer, but Assistant Secretary of the Navy Roosevelt and his eager
Rough Riders managed to rally enough troops and convince enough
officers to charge. By nightfall, the Spaniards had retreated and
the heights overlooking Santiago were in American hands. The black
Buffalo Soldiers captured San Juan Hill. As the Rough Riders shipped
off to war the band played: "There’ll Be A Hot Time in the Old Town
Tonight."
(WUD, 1994, p.1267)(AP, 7/1/97)(SFEC, 4/5/98,
p.C14)(HNPD, 7/1/99)
1898 Jul 1, Major Gen. Joseph
Wheeler (63) led a cavalry division in the Battle of San Juan Hill.
As a Confederate brigadier and then major general, "Fightin' Joe"
Wheeler commanded the cavalry of the Confederate Army of Mississippi
and, later, the Army of Tennessee. Captured in May 1865, he went on
to have a prosperous postwar life, serving as a US congressman for
eight terms. After his Spanish-American War service, Wheeler retired
from the army as a brigadier general of US Regulars. When he died in
January 1906, he was interred in Arlington National Cemetery.
(HNQ, 2/13/02)
1898 Jul 1, The US Congress
passed legislation regarding bankruptcy. The Bankruptcy Act of 1898,
also known as the "Nelson Act," was the first Act of Congress
involving bankruptcy that gave companies an option of being
protected from creditors. Previous attempts at federal bankruptcy
laws had lasted at most a few years.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankruptcy_Act_of_1898)
1898 Jul 1, China leased the
New Territories and 235 adjacent islands to Britain on a 99-year
lease.
(SFEC, 11/10/96, Par p.14)(SFC, 3/11/97,
p.A12)(SFEC, 6/22/97, p.A14)(SFC, 7/1/97, p.A8)
1899 Jul 1, Reverend Thomas
Dorsey, father of gospel music, was born.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1899 Jul 1, Charles Laughton,
actor (Mutiny on Bounty, Spartacus), was born in England.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1899 Jul 1, Gideon Society was
established to place bibles in hotels.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1902 Jul 1, William Wyler
(d.1981), film director (The Best Years of Our Lives, Ben Hur), was
born.
(HN, 7/1/01)(SFC, 7/8/02, p.D2)
1902 Jul 1, Start of Sherlock
Holmes "Disappearance of Lady Frances Carfax."
(MC, 7/1/02)
1903 Jul 1, Amy Johnson,
English aviator, was born.
(HN, 7/1/01)
1903 Jul 1, The 1st Tour de
France bicycle race began.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1906 Jul 1, In San Francisco
St. Ignatius College held a formal inauguration ceremony for a new
campus site, its 4th, at Hayes and Shrader. Since the earthquake 18
SI Jesuits took up temporary residence at the 57-room mansion of
Mrs. Bertha Welch at 1090 Eddy Street.
(GenIV, Winter 04/05)
1907 Jul 1, World's 1st air
force was established as part of the US Army.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1907 Jul 1, The Asiatic
Registration Act became law in the province of Transvaal, SA.
(ON, 9/03, p.1)
1908 Jul 1, Estee Lauder, CEO
of Estee Lauder's cosmetics, was born.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1911 Jul 1, A proclamation
removed "Dei Gratia" from Canada's coins.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1912 Jul 1, Drama critic
Harriet Quimby (b.1875) took a passenger up in her new
Blériot monoplane from Boston to fly over Dorchester Bay at
the Harvard-Boston Aviation Meet. As she descended for landing, the
plane went into a dive and, without seat belts, she and her
passenger were thrown out into the shallow water of the bay, where
they struck the muddy bottom and were crushed to death. Quimby was
the first American to receive a pilot's license (1911) and was the
first woman to solo across the English Channel (1912). Her interest
in flight was piqued at an aviation meet in 1910.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harriet_Quimby)(HNPD, 7/31/98)(ON,
1/00, p.11)
1913 Jul 1, Serbia and Greece
declared war on Bulgaria.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1915 Jul 1, Willie Dixon,
blues musician, was born.
(HN, 7/1/01)
1915 Jul 1, Jean Stafford,
American writer (The Mountain Lion), was born.
(HN, 7/1/01)
1916 Jul 1, Olivia DeHavilland
(Academy Award-winning actress: To Each His Own [1946], The Heiress
[1949]; Gone with the Wind), was born.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1916 Jul 1, Dwight D.
Eisenhower married Mary "Mamie" Geneva Doud in Denver.
(AP, 7/1/97)
1916 Jul 1, Roland Robert Tuck,
London, British Spitfire ace during World War II who shot down 29
enemy planes Tuck's hard-won flying skill and a remarkable run of
good fortune contributed to victory in the Battle of Britain, was
born.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1916 Jul 1, In France at
7:30AM, a 5 day, continuous, British artillery bombardment of German
lines stopped, and 11 British divisions (100,000 men) went "over the
top" toward the Germans. By 9AM 22,000 were dead & another
40,000 were wounded in what became known as the Battle of the Somme.
Some 57,500 British soldiers were killed or wounded on the first day
of the battle. These attacks continued for another five months,
costing the British over one million killed & wounded. Field
Marshal Douglas Haig commanded the British forces. 4 months of
stalemate cost 420,00 British casualties.
(AP, 7/15/09)(Econ, 6/4/11, p.93)
1916 Jul 1, British court
martial was held for the Dublin Easter uprising.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1917 Jul 1, The 1893
upper jaw cancer operation for President Grover Cleveland remained a
secret until July 1, 1917, when the doctor who performed the
operation revealed the story.
(HNQ, 11/6/99)
1924 Jul 1, A regular
transcontinental airmail service formed between NYC and SF.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1925 Jul 1, Eric Satie
(b.1866), French composer, died. Satie was introduced as a
"gymnopedist" in 1887, shortly before writing his most famous
compositions, the Gymnopédies.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Satie)(www.jazclass.aust.com/satie.htm#04)
1928 Jul 1, Avery Hopwood
(b.1882), US playwright, died in France. He left a bequest to the
Univ. of Michigan that established the Avery and Julie Hopwood
Awards in Creative Writing.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avery_Hopwood)(LSA,
Fall/02, p.3)
1929 Jul 1, The US Immigration
law of 1924 went into effect.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1931 Jul 1, Ice vending
machines were introduced in LA.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1932 Jul 1, New York Gov.
Franklin D. Roosevelt was nominated for president at the Democratic
convention in Chicago.
(AP, 7/1/07)
1933 Jul 1,
Strauss-Hofmannsthal opera "Arabella," premiered in Dresden.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1933 Jul 1, German Nazi regime
decreed married women should not work.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1934 Jul 1, Sydney Pollack,
film director (Tootsie, Presumed Innocent, The Firm, Out of Africa),
was born in Lafayette, Indiana.
(www.nndb.com/people/772/000023703/)
1934 Jul 1, Jamie Farr (Jameel
Farah) (actor: M*A*S*H, The Blackboard Jungle, Scrooged, Cannonball
Run, With Six You Get Egg Roll), was born.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1934 Jul 1, The 1st x-ray photo
of entire body was made in Rochester, NY.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1937 Jul 1, Rev. Martin
Niemoeller (Bekennende Kirche) was arrested in Germany.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1937 Jul 1, Spanish bishops
supported Franco & fascists.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1940 Jul 1, Australia refused
entry to Dutch Jewish refugees.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1940 Jul 1, The Tacoma Narrows
Bridge in Washington state opened to the public. The initial design
by Clark Eldridge had been redesigned by NYC consultant Leo
Moisseiff, who replaced a 25-foot deep stiffening truss with an
8-foot truss to reduce costs.
(ON, 6/09, p.8)
1941 Jul 1, Commercial black
and white television broadcasting began in the US under approval by
the FCC. NBC’s New York station was the 1st to transition from radio
to TV. “Truth or Consequences” with host Ralph Edwards became the
1st commercial TV show for NBC. WW II disrupted TV’s progress.
“Truth or Consequences” prospered on radio and returned to TV in
1950.
(http://www.tvhistory.tv/History%20of%20TV.htm)(SFC, 11/17/05, p.B5)
1942 Jul 1, Genevieve Bujold,
actress (King of Hearts, Choose Me, Coma), was born in Montreal.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1942 Jul 1, German troops
captured Sebastopol, Crimea, in the Soviet Union.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1943 Jul 1, "Pay-as-you-go"
income tax withholding began.
(AP, 7/1/97)
1944 Jul 1, Delegates from 44
countries began meeting at Bretton Woods, N.H., where they agreed to
establish the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. The US
hosted an international conference at Bretton Woods, N.H., to deal
with international monetary and financial problems. The talks
resulted in the creation of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
and the World Bank in 1945. The agreement was a gold exchange
standard and only the US was required to convert its currency into
gold at a fixed rate, and only foreign central banks were allowed
the privilege of redemption. In 1983 Michael Moffitt authored “The
World’s Money: Int’l. Banking from Bretton Woods to the Brink of
Insolvency.” In 1997 Catherine Caufield wrote "Masters of Illusion:
The World Bank and the Poverty of Nations."
(SFC, 1/13/98, p.A4)(WSJ, 10/15/98, p.A22)(AP,
7/1/04)(WM, 1983, p.13)
1944 Jul 1, Over 2500 were
killed in London and SE England by German flying bombs.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1944 Jul 1, Count Claus von
Stauffenberg was promoted to colonel.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1945 Jul 1, New York
established the New York State Commission Against Discrimination to
prevent discrimination in employment because of race, creed or
natural origin; it was the first such agency in the United States.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1946 Jul 1, Deborah Harry
(singer: group: Blondie: The Tide is High, Rapture, Heart of Glass,
Sunday Girl), was born.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1946 Jul 1, Ron Silver, actor
(Reversal of Fortune, Entity, Silkwood, Best Friends), was born in
NYC.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1946 Jul 1, The United States
exploded a 20-kiloton atomic bomb near Bikini Atoll in the Marshall
Islands in the Pacific Ocean. The energy released by any one of the
ten or so major earthquakes every year is about 1,000 times as much
as the Bikini atomic bomb.
(DD-EVTT, p.76)(WUD, 1994, p.147)(AP, 7/1/97)
1947 Jul 1, The Willem Ruys,
later Achille Lauro, a 192m long passenger ship, was launched.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1948 Jul 1, Brooklyn's Roy
Campanella debuted as catcher.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1948 Jul 1, New York
International Airport at Idlewild, later renamed John F. Kennedy
International Airport, was officially opened.
(AP, 7/1/98)
1948 Jul 1, The fare on New
York City subways doubled from a nickel to ten cents.
(AP, 7/1/98)
1948 Jul 1, Charles D. Harrold,
radio pioneer, died in Oakland, Ca. He broadcast the 1st radio
entertainment program in 1912.
(TV)
1950 Jul 1, American ground
troops arrived in South Korea to stem the tide of the advancing
North Korean army.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1950 Jul 1, The EPU came into
being, by agreement of the country members of the Organization for
European Economic Cooperation (OEEC). The latter had replaced
the original Committee of European Economic Cooperation (CEEC), in
April, 1948, and is an organization of European recipients of U.S.
economic assistance.
(www.eagletraders.com)
1952 Jul 1, Dan Aykroyd
(comedian, actor: Driving Miss Daisy, Grosse Point Blank, Coneheads,
Saturday Night Live, Dragnet, Ghostbusters, The Blues Brothers), was
born.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1955 Jul 1, Singapore’s
government started the Central Provident Fund, a compulsory
comprehensive social security savings plan. It required
contributions from both employees and employers.
(Econ, 4/3/10, SR
p.6)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Provident_Fund)
1956 Jul 1, Elvis Presley
appeared on Steve Allen Show wearing a tuxedo.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1957 Jul 1, The International
Geophysical Year, an 18-month global scientific study, began. 12
nations established over 60 stations in Antarctica. The beginning of
international cooperation in Antarctica and the start of the process
by which Antarctica becomes "non-national."
(AP, 7/1/07)(http://tinyurl.com/337joj)
1959 Jul 1, Israeli Knesset
agreed to weapon sales to West Germany.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1960 Jul 1, Fidel Castro
nationalized Esso, Shell & Texaco in Cuba.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1960 Jul 1, Ghana became an
independent republic within the British Commonwealth and Kwama N.
Nkrumah became the 1st president.
(PC, 1992, p.973)
1960 Jul 1, French and Italian
Somaliland gained independence and united with the Somali Republic.
(PC, 1992, p.973)(Econ, 7/4/09, p.44)
1960 Jul 1, USSR shot down a US
RB-47 reconnaissance plane.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1961 Jul 1, Carl Lewis (Olympic
Gold Medalist: 100 meter & 200 meter sprints, long jump &
4x100 meter relay [1984]; 100 meter in 9.93 seconds, a world record,
long jump, 4x100 meter relay [1988], long jump and 4x100 relay
[1992]; Olympic Hall of Famer; AP Male Athlete of the Year [1983,
1984]), was born.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1961 Jul 1, Diana Frances
Spencer, the princess of Wales, was born near Sandringham, England.
She died August, 1997, in a car crash in Paris at age 36.
(AP, 7/1/98)
1961 Jul 1, British troops
landed in Kuwait to aid against Iraqi threats.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1961 Jul 1, Louis-Ferdinand
Celine (b.1894), French physician, author, anti-Semite, died. His
books included “Journey to the End of Night” (1932).
(www.kirjasto.sci.fi/lfceline.htm)(WSJ, 9/23/06,
p.P8)
1962 Jul 1, Some 6 million of a
total Algerian electorate of 6.5 million cast their ballots in the
referendum on independence. The vote was nearly unanimous. De Gaulle
pronounced Algeria an independent country on July 3. The Provisional
Executive, however, proclaimed July 5, the 132nd anniversary of the
French entry into Algeria, as the day of national independence.
(www.onwar.com/aced/data/alpha/falgeria1954.htm)
1963 Jul 1, The U.S. Post
Office inaugurated its five-digit ZIP codes. The Zoning Improvement
Plan was initially developed by Robert Aurand Moon (d.2001 at 83).
(AP, 7/1/97)(HN, 7/1/98)(SFC, 4/16/01, p.A22)
1964 Jul 1, Pierre Monteux
(89), French-US conductor (Concert Bldg Orch), died.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1966 Jul 1, The Medicare
federal insurance program went into effect.
(AP, 7/1/97)
1966 Jul 1, The U.S. Marines
launched Operation Holt in an attempt to finish off a Vietcong
battalion in Thua Thien Province in Vietnam.
(HN, 7/1/98)
1967 Jul 1, "Funny Girl" closed
at Winter Garden Theater in NYC after 1348 performances.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1967 Jul 1, Beatles' "Sgt
Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band," went #1 for 15 weeks.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1968 Jul 1, The Band released
their "Music From Big Pink" album. It features one of their
best-known songs, "The Weight."
(WSJ, 12/15/99,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_from_Big_Pink)
1968 Jul 1, The United States,
Britain, the Soviet Union and 58 other nations signed the Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Treaty. India refused to sign.
(AP, 7/1/97)(SFC, 5/28/98,
p.A9)(http://tinyurl.com/d5cf45)
1968 Jul 1, Dominica’s
left-wing government brought in the Seditious and Undesirable
Publications Act to suppress dissent. Eugenia Charles led the
opposition to get it withdrawn and was made the leader of the
Dominica Free Party.
(Econ, 9/17/05,
p.90)(http://tinyurl.com/l5lh6m)
1969 Jul 1, Britain's Prince
Charles was invested as the Prince of Wales.
(AP, 7/1/99)
1969 Jul 1, The Tokyo Stock
Price Index (TOPIX) was inaugurated.
(WSJ, 3/15/07, p.C1)
1970 Jul 1, In Guatemala Gen.
Carlos Arana Osorio (1918-2003), a hard-line conservative of the
National Liberation Movement, began serving as president and
continued to 1974. He expanded efforts to bring armed rebels under
control and prosecuted student radicals. He declared a state of
siege in his 1st year.
(AP, 12/6/03)(SFC, 12/8/03,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Manuel_Arana_Osorio)
1971 Jul 1, President Nixon
ordered chief of staff H. R. Haldeman to have the Brookings
Institute burglarized. Nixon met with Haldeman and Kissinger and
told them: "We’re up against an enemy, a conspiracy, that (sic) are
using any means."
(www.historycommons.org/context.jsp?item=a063071nixonburglaries)(SFC,
11/23/96, p.A6)
1971 Jul 1, The US Post Office
Department was transformed into the US Postal Service as an
independent establishment of the executive branch of the Government
of the United States. The US government changed the Post Office to a
quasi-government body with a mandate to be financially
self-sustaining.
(SFEC, 9/29/96,
C13)(http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blmailus5.htm)(AP,
7/1/01)
1971 Jul 1, The state of
Washington became the 1st US state to ban sex discrimination.
(http://amiannoying.com/(S(01543u55fxileom1lbr04z2u))/view.aspx?ID=6957)
1971 Jul 1, Great Britain and
Argentina signed an accord on sea and air links to the Falkland
Islands, which later caused a war (1982).
(www.bartleby.com/67/2791.html)
1972 Jul 1, Ms. Magazine
published its first regular issue. Ms. was launched as a "one-shot"
sample insert in New York Magazine in December 1971. The first
stand-alone issue appeared in January 1972.
(www.msmagazine.com/about.asp)
1972 Jul 1, "Hair" closed at
Biltmore Theater in NYC after 1750 performances.
(www.geocities.com/hairpages/hairhistory.html)
1972 Jul 1, The first Rainbow
Gathering began in Colorado’s Roosevelt National Forest. It has been
held annually in the United States from July 1 - 7 every year on
National Forest land.
(SFC, 7/4/97,
p.A3)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Gathering)
1973 Jul 1, The rock opera
"Jesus Christ Superstar" closed at the Mark Hellinger Theater on
Broadway. It closed July 1, 1973 after 711 performances.
(www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com/rants/1012b-almanac.htm)
1973 Jul 1, The US Army began
its All-Volunteer Force (AVF). Gen. Walter T. Kerwin Jr. (1917-2008)
was the architect of the program.
(www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/07/20030701-11.html)(SSFC,
7/20/08, p.B6)
1973 Jul 1, Maryland declared
that only a marriage between a man and a woman is valid in the
state.
(SFC, 9/19/07, p.A3)(http://tinyurl.com/5ygqvd)
1974 Jul 1, Juan D. Peron
(b.1895), president of Argentina (1946-55, 73-74), died. Isabel
Peron succeeded her husband Juan as president.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n)
1975 Jul 1, Cesar Chavez and
sixty supporters of the UFW embarked on a thousand-mile march across
California to rally the state’s farm workers.
(SFEM, 4/13/97, p.23)
1975 Jul 1, Shelley Robertson,
a Bundy victim, disappeared in Colorado. Her body was found on
August 21,1975, in a mine in Berthoud Pass, Colorado.
(www.crimenews2000.com/memorial/00052902pg8.htm)
1975 Jul 1, Eamon Molloy, a
Belfast IRA member, disappeared after being branded a traitor. His
body was recovered in 1999. His mother-in-law vanished from the
Divis Flats in Belfast in March 1972. Jean McConville (37) was a
widowed mother of 10. His brother, Anthony, was shot dead by
loyalists in June 1975.
(http://tinyurl.com/3o6v79)(http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/355041.stm)
1975 Jul 1, Thailand and China
signed a formal agreement on diplomatic relations.
(www.thaiembdc.org/politics/foreign/diprelat.htm)
1979 Jul 1, The Susan B.
Anthony dollar was issued. It was the 1st US coin to honor a woman.
It was not widely accepted and production stopped in 1981. The 1st
coin was struck Feb 2 in San Francisco.
(WSJ, 7/12/96, p.B5B)(MC, 7/1/02)(SFC, 1/30/04,
p.E6)
1980 Jul 1, "O Canada" was
proclaimed the national anthem of Canada.
(CFA, '96, p.48)(AP, 7/1/97)
1980 Jul 1, Charles Percy Snow
(b.1905), British writer (Friends & Associates), died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._P._Snow)
1981 Jul 1, Tim Giago, an
Oglala Sioux writer from the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South
Dakota, launched The Lakota Times, the first independently owned
Indian newspaper in the US.
(SSFC, 12/23/07, p.F1)
1981 Jul 1, The Symphony in F
by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (K.19a), discovered in 1980, debuted in
Munich.
(http://tinyurl.com/2lunn3)
1981 Jul 1, The "Wonderland
Murders" took place at 4763 Wonderland in the Hollywood Hills.
Ronald Launius, William Deverell, Barbara Richardson and Joy Miller
were murdered. The killings were said to have occurred in
retaliation for a drug robbery 2 nights earlier. Federal prosecutors
unveiled in indictment in 2000 against Eddie Nash, a former
nightclub owner, Gregory DeWitt Diles, his bodyguard, and porn star
John Curtis Holmes. Holmes (d.1988) was later released. Holmes died
in 1988 of an AIDS-related illness. In 2003 the film "Wonderland"
starred Val Kilmer as Holmes.
(SFEC, 5/21/00, p.B5)(ST, 10/17/03, p.22H)
1982 Jul 1, In NYC Sun Myung
Moon wed 2,075 Unification Church couples at Madison Square Garden.
(http://hoopedia.nba.com/index.php/Madison_Square_Garden)
1982 Jul 1, Cal Ripken
(b.1960), drafted as a pitcher in 1981, began playing his shortstop
position for the Baltimore Orioles. By Sep 20, 1998 he had played a
record 2,632 consecutive games.
(http://tinyurl.com/2um6o6)(SFC, 9/21/98, p.A1)
1982 Jul 1, General Reynaldo
Bignone (b.1928) was sworn in as president of Argentina following
the Falklands War.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynaldo_Bignone)(SFC, 1/21/99, p.A14)
1983 Jul 1, Buckminster Fuller
(87), visionary and inventor, died in LA. He dubbed our planet
"Spaceship Earth." He was the creator of the geodesic dome and the
dymaxion motor car. He founded the World Game Institute to help
solve global problems through deployment of military resources.
(SFC, 4/10/96, p.D-3)(SFC, 4/15/96, D-1)(NH,
7/96, p.10)
1983 Jul 1, In Australia the
High Court on circuit in Brisbane ruled by a vote of 4 to 3 in the
federal government's favor and prohibited Franklin River dam-related
clearing, excavation and building activities that had been
authorized by Tasmanian state legislation.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Dam)(Econ,
2/12/11, p.49)
1984 Jul 1, Hollywood imposed
its PG-13 rating to cover the middle ground between "PG" for
parental Guidance and "R" for restricted movies.
(SFEC,11/2/97, DB
p.55)(http://tinyurl.com/2o8j3o)
1987 Jul 1, President Reagan
nominated federal appeals court judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme
Court, setting off a tempestuous confirmation process that ended
with Bork's rejection in October by the Senate.
(AP, 7/1/97)(MC, 7/1/02)
1988 Jul 1, A four-day national
conference of Soviet Communist Party members ended in Moscow, with
Mikhail S. Gorbachev winning approval for sweeping changes.
(AP, 7/1/98)
1989 Jul 1, The NY State
Legislature passed the Staten Island secession bill.
(http://tinyurl.com/htf9r)
1989 Jul 1, "Playboy" magazine
founder Hugh Hefner married Kimberley Faye Conrad at his mansion in
Los Angeles. The couple separated in 1998.
(AP, 7/1/99)
1989 Jul 1, The 1987 Montreal
Protocol, an international treaty dealing with ozone-destroying
pollutants, went into effect. The treaty sought to cut in half
production of chemicals posing the greatest risk to ozone.
(HNQ, 8/11/99)(NYT, 10/8/04, p.A16)
1990 Jul 1, East Germans lined
up to obtain West German deutsche marks as a state treaty unifying
the monetary and economic systems of the two Germanys went into
effect.
(AP, 7/1/00)
1991 Jul 1, President Bush
nominated federal appeals court judge Clarence Thomas to the US
Supreme Court, beginning a confirmation process marked by
allegations of sexual harassment.
(AP, 7/1/01)
1991 Jul 1, Actor Michael
Landon died in Malibu, California, at age 54.
(AP, 7/1/01)
1992 Jul 1, California issued
its first state IOU's since the Great Depression as a budget
standoff left the state cashless on the first day of its fiscal
year.
(AP, 7/1/97)
1993 Jul 1, The space shuttle
Endeavour returned from a 10-day mission.
(AP, 7/1/98)
1993 Jul 1, Gunman Gian Luigi
Ferri opened fire with automatic weapons at the law offices of Petit
& Martin at 101 California St. He killed 8 people, wounded six
and then committed suicide.
(SFC, 1/31/97, p.A20)(SFC, 5/7/97, p.A17)(AP,
7/1/98)
1994 Jul 1, Brazil under
finance minister Henrique Cardoso adopted the Real Plan, named for a
new currency fixed to the US dollar with a "crawling peg." Inflation
had hit 7,000% as Cardoso launched the new currency.
(WSJ, 12/15/95, p.A-1,13)(WSJ, 4/26/96,
p.A-15)(WSJ, 6/12/97, p.A19)
1994 Jul 1, PLO chairman Yasser
Arafat drove from Egypt into Gaza, returning to Palestinian land
after 27 years in exile.
(AP, 7/1/99)
1995 Jul 1, "Kiss of the Spider
Woman" closed at Broadhurst in NYC after 904 performances.
(www.chitarivera.com/productions/kiss_of_the_spider_woman.htm)
1995 Jul 1, Wolfman Jack (57),
rock-and-roll disc jockey, died in Belvidere, North Carolina.
(AP, 7/1/00)
1995 Jul 1, Russian President
Boris Yeltsin’s government survived a critical no-confidence vote.
(AP, 7/1/00)
1996 Jul 1, Placido Domingo
became artistic director of Washington National Opera (f.1956).
(www.dc-opera.org/aboutcompany/placidodomingo.asp)
1996 Jul 1, President Clinton
declared an emergency in drought-stricken parts of the Southwest.
(AP, 7/1/97)
1996 Jul 1, Twelve members of
an Arizona anti-government group, the Viper Militia, were charged
with plotting to blow up government buildings. The group was
infiltrated by Drew Nolan, an agent for the Federal Bureau of
Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms (ATF).
(AP, 7/1/97)(SFEC,11/30/97, p.A11)
1996 Jul 1, Actress Margaux
Hemingway was found dead in her Santa Monica, California, apartment;
she was 41.
(AP, 7/1/01)
1996 Jul 1, The world’s first
voluntary suicide law was scheduled to go into effect in Australia.
The Rights of the Terminally Ill Act originated in Darwin.
(WSJ, 6/27/96, p.A18)
1996 Jul 1, Draugas, the
Lithuanian daily newspaper published in Chicago, issued its first
English version edition and planned a weekly English edition. The
first subscribed edition was planned for Aug 31.
(Dr, 7/96, V1#1, p.3)
1996 Jul 1, In Bulgaria there
was sharp increases in taxes, excise duties and electricity and fuel
prices.
(SFC, 7/2/96, p.A10)
1996 Jul 1, In China a new
regulation went into effect that called for films co-produced with
foreigners to apply for approval from the State Council before
filming begins.
(WP, 6/29/96, p.F3)
1996 Jul 1, In Sri Lanka Tamil
Tiger separatists ambushed an army patrol and killed 29 soldiers
while losing at least 35 of their own.
(SFC, 7/2/96, p.A10)
1996 Jul 1, In Uganda rebels
fighting for the return of Idi Amin killed 11 people in a nightclub
in Koboko.
(SFC, 7/2/96, p.A10)
1997 Jul 1, Nevada Athletic
Commission suspended Mike Tyson for biting Holyfield.
(www.lasvegassun.com/sports/boxing/htfight/)
1997 Jul 1, Film star Robert
Mitchum died at 79 (b.1917) in Santa Barbara County, Calif.
(SFC, 7/2/97, p.A1)(AP, 7/1/98)
1997 Jul 1, Hong Kong reverted
to Chinese rule after 156 years as a British colony. Britain
relinquished Hong Kong as a colonial territory, and China became
master. Many rights were guaranteed for 50 years under a
Sino-British treaty.
(WSJ, 11/14/94, p.A9)(SFC, 5/30/96, p.A9)(AP,
7/1/98)
1997 Jul 1, Two Israeli
soldiers were injured by a pipe bomb and 15 Palestinians were
wounded by rubber bullets in Hebron in disturbances after an Israeli
women, Tatiana Susskin (25), distributed leaflets with the Prophet
Mohammed depicted as a pig stomping on the Koran.
(SFC, 7/2/97, p.A8)(SFC, 7/5/97, p.A10)
1997 Jul 1, In the UK a new
handgun law took effect as a result of the 1996 massacre at the
school in Dunblane, Scotland.
(SFEC, 6/29/97, p.A13)
1997 Jul 1, In Russia the grave
site of 9,000 victims in the Karelia Forest at Medvezhyegorsk was
opened. In Oct-Nov, 1937, a 3-man panel under Stalin, the "Osobaya
Troika," signed death sentences that were sent to thousands of
gulags across Russia and led to the massacre. A monument was
planned.
(SFC, 7/17/97, p.A10)
1997 Jul 1, Thailand let its
currency, the baht, float and it devalued about 20%. This event
marked the beginning of the Asian economic crises. In 1999 Thailand
sought to extradite Rakesh Saxena, a currency trader, from Canada
for his role in an alleged fraud that drained over $2 billion from
the Bangkok Bank of Commerce, which led to the devaluation of the
baht. Pin Chakkaphak was blamed for the collapse of the currency and
fled Asia. He was ordered back from Britain in 2001 to face
accounting and theft charges. In 2009 Saxena (57) arrived in
Thailand after his extradition from Canada to face charges he
embezzled $88 million from the Bangkok Bank of Commerce, which
collapsed in 1995. Saxena was also implicated in backing the
attempted 1997 coup in Sierra Leone.
(SFC, 7/3/97, p.D4)(WSJ, 7/21/97, p.A1)(SFEC,
5/31/98, p.D1)(WSJ, 5/7/99, p.A1)(SFC, 3/9/01, p.A16)(Econ, 3/25/06,
p.80)(AP, 10/30/09)(Econ, 11/7/09, p.42)
1998 Jul 1, Pres. Clinton in
Guilin and Shanghai, China, said to the Chinese that the environment
must not be sacrificed for economic growth. China was reported to
have the top ten of the world’s most polluted cities. Clinton urged
his Chinese hosts to also open markets and battle corruption.
(SFC, 7/2/98, p.A1,14)(AP, 7/1/99)
1998 Jul 1, Florida fires
closed a 125-mile section of I-95.
(SFC, 7/2/98, p.A3)
1998 Jul 1, The European
Central Bank was inaugurated with headquarters in Frankfurt under
Pres. Wim Duisenberg.
(SFC, 5/1/98, p.A18)(SFC, 7/2/98, p.C3)
1998 Jul 1, The UN imposed
sanctions on Unita-held areas in Angola due to the former rebels
refusal to abide by a 1994 peace accord.
(WSJ, 7/2/98, p.A1)
1998 Jul 1, In the Congo
Etienne Tshisekedi, opposition leader, was freed from internal exile
and returned to the capital.
(SFC, 7/2/98, p.C2)
1998 Jul 1, In England the
memorial museum to Princess Diana opened on what would have been her
37th birthday at Althorp House, Great Brington.
(SFC, 7/2/98, p.A18)
1998 Jul 1, In South Korea
Pres. Kim Dae Jung ordered the release of political prisoners. Some
500 prisoners were expected to be released by Aug 15, the 50th
anniversary of the end of Japanese occupation.
(SFC, 7/2/98, p.A16)
1998 Jul 1, In Sicily Mt. Etna
erupted for 30 minutes.
(SFC, 7/4/98, p.A7)
1998 Jul 1, In Northern Ireland
David Trimble, head of the Ulster Unionist Party, became the first
minister of the new Northern Ireland Assembly. Seamus Mallon was
elected deputy first minister.
(SFC, 7/2/98, p.A14)
1998 Jul 1, In Russia the Duma
approved 9 of 20 economic measures called for by Pres. Yeltsin. The
Russian market reached its lowest level in 25 months.
(SFC, 7/2/98, p.C2)
1999 Jul 1, Exactly six months
before the year 2000, Congress passed legislation to shield
businesses from a potential flood of Y-2-K computer-related
lawsuits.
(AP, 7/1/00)
1999 Jul 1, Lawrence Summers
was confirmed as Treasury secretary.
(WSJ, 7/2/99, p.A1)
1999 Jul 1, In Maine the 162
year-old Edwards Dam was broken open by government order to allow
fish to move upstream.
(SFC, 7/2/99, p.A3)
1999 Jul 1, In Maryland some
20,000 fish turned up dead in the tributaries of the Magothy and
Patapsco Rivers. Drought conditions and the build up of phosphorus
and nitrogen was suspected.
(SFC, 7/24/99, p.A8)
1999 Jul 1, Movie director
Edward Dmytryk died in Encino, California, at age 90.
(AP, 7/1/00)
1999 Jul 1, African nationalist
Joshua Nkomo died in Harare, Zimbabwe, at age 82.
(AP, 7/1/00)
1999 Jul 1, Forrest Mars Sr.,
creator of the M&Ms candies, died in Miami at age 95.
(SFC, 7/3/99, p.A21)(AP, 7/1/00)
1999 Jul 1, In Congo fighting
intensified as rebels advanced on key diamond areas near Kabinda and
Miba.
(SFC, 7/2/99, p.A18)
1999 Jul 1, Croatia planned to
file charges against Yugoslavia in The Hague for genocide following
its declaration of independence in 1991.
(SFC, 7/2/99, p.A18)
1999 Jul 1, In France a cable
car gondola in the French Alps crashed and killed 21 [20] people in
Grenoble.
(SFC, 7/1/99, p.A15)(AP, 7/1/00)
1999 Jul 1, In Germany Johannes
Rau (68) was sworn in as the 8th postwar president. He succeeded
Roman Herzog as the symbolic head.
(SFC, 7/2/99, p.A18)
1999 Jul 1, Mexico planned to
introduce a $15 per person entry fee for travel into the country
beyond the border.
(SFEC, 3/7/99, p.A21)
1999 Jul 1, Scotland celebrated
the opening of its 129-member Parliament.
(SFC, 7/2/99, p.A13)
1999 Jul 1, In Turkey Kurdish
rebels killed 3 people in a coffeehouse in Elazig. One of the
attackers was killed by security forces.
(SFC, 7/2/99, p.A18)
2000 Jul 1, Vermont’s civil
unions law, which granted gay couples most of the rights, benefits
and responsibilities of marriage, went into effect.
(AP, 7/1/01)
2000 Jul 1, The Confederate
flag was removed from atop South Carolina’s Statehouse.
(AP, 7/1/01)
2000 Jul 1, In Washington DC
thousands of Tibetans and their supporters rallied to urge the World
Bank to scrap a plan to resettle some 60,000 poor farmers, many of
them Chinese, on traditional Tibetan lands.
(SFEC, 7/2/00, p.A16)
2000 Jul 1, Walter Matthau,
actor, died in Santa Monica, Ca., at age 79.
(SFEC, 7/2/00, p.A1)
2000 Jul 1, Australia adopted
the Goods and Services Tax (GST).
(SMH, 7/1/00)
2000 Jul 1, Canada and Russia
began to allow regular commercial air flights over the North Pole.
(WSJ, 6/8/00, p.A19)
2000 Jul 1, The Oeresund Fixed
Link (Oresund Bridge), the centerpiece of a $3.5 billion, 10-mile
rail, motorway, bridge and tunnel project between Copenhagen and
southern Sweden was scheduled for completion. Danish Queen Margrethe
II met with Swedish King Carl Gustaf XVI on the artificial isle of
Peberholm, half way across.
(WSJ, 5/26/00, p.A20)(SFEC, 6/25/00, p.T3)
2000 Jul 1, In Iran a justice
officials said 3 of 13 Jews tried on charges for spying were
acquitted and that 10 were sentenced to fines, lashes and jail terms
from 4 to 13 years. An appeals court later annulled 2 of the 3
convictions against the defendants and reduce their jail terms.
(SFC, 7/1/00, p.A13)(SFEC, 7/2/00, p.A7)(SFC,
9/22/00, p.A17)
2000 Jul 1-9, In Italy the
World Pride int’l. gay pride festival opened in Rome.
(SFEC, 6/4/00, p.C14)(SFEC, 7/2/00, p.A17)
2000 Jul 1, Lucie Blackman
(21), a British citizen working in Tokyo, became the 8th Western
woman to disappear in the last 5 years. In 2001 police found her
remains encased in concrete near the residence of Joji Obara, a
wealthy businessman and prime suspect. Obara was formally accused
Apr 6, 2001. Some 4,800 tapes were found that linked Obara to some
400 rapes over 25 years [see April 24, 2007]. On Dec 16, 2008, Obara
was convicted for the abduction and dismemberment of Blackman, but
acquitted of her murder. The court also upheld an earlier conviction
for the rapes of 9 other women. In 2011 Richard Lloyd Parry authored
“People Who Eat Darkness: The Fate of Lucie Blackman.”
(SFC, 10/17/00, p.A13)(SFC, 2/10/01, p.A11)(SSFC,
2/11/01, p.C2)(SFC, 4/7/01, p.A11)(SFC, 4/9/01, p.A7)(AP,
12/16/08)(Econ, 2/26/11, p.90)
2001 Jul 1, US Vice President
Dick Cheney rested at home, a day after having a new pacemaker
implanted in his chest.
(AP, 7/1/06)
2001 Jul 1, In the US lower tax
rates went into effect for some middle and upper-income taxpayers.
(SSFC, 7/1/01, p.A10)
2001 Jul 1, In Michigan a state
law went into effect that allowed virtually any gun owner to carry a
concealed weapon in public.
(SFC, 9/12/01, p.C6)
2001 Jul 1, The National
Organization for Women announced in Philadelphia that delegates had
chosen Kim A. Gandy to be its new president, succeeding Patricia
Ireland.
(AP, 7/1/02)
2001 Jul 1, US air strikes at
Kakrak, Afghanistan, killed 54 civilians.
(SSFC, 7/21/02, p.A14)
2001 Jul 1, In China Pres.
Jiang Zemin announced that the Communist Party will allow private
businessmen to become members.
(SFC, 7/2/01, p.A8)
2001 Jul 1, In China parts of
the US spy plane were flown out from Hainan Island.
(WSJ, 7/3/01, p.A1)
2001 Jul 1, In Colombia the
body of Alma Jaramillo, an advisor to a peace group, was found in
Morales. She had been abducted Jun 29. Rightwing paramilitary
militia were blamed.
(SFC, 7/5/01, p.A10)
2001 Jul 1, Israel hit a Syrian
radar site in Lebanon. In the West Bank Israeli helicopters rocketed
a car with 3 Islamic Jihad members. Israeli infantry killed 2 Hamas
members.
(WSJ, 7/2/01, p.A1)(SFC, 7/2/01, p.A8)
2001 Jul 1, In Pakistan a bomb
exploded in a crowded movie theater in Karachi and at least one
person was killed.
(SFC, 7/2/01, p.B1)
2001 Jul 1, In Portugal a
nationwide law took effect to decriminalize the personal use and
possession of all drugs.
(Econ, 8/29/09,
p.43)(www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=10080)
2002 Jul 1, It was reported
that the Bush administration had designated 33 toxic waste sites for
funding cuts.
(SFC, 7/1/02, p.A5)
2002 Jul 1, A US district judge
in NY ruled that the federal death penalty is unconstitutional
because it creates undue risk of executing innocent defendants.
(SFC, 7/2/02, p.A3)
2002 Jul 1, A US federal
magistrate recommended a $73 million penalty against Zimbabwe's
ruling party for allegedly torturing and killing political
opponents.
(AP, 7/1/02)
2002 Jul 1, Tennesseans found
their government in a partial shutdown after lawmakers failed to
pass a balanced budget over the weekend in a stalemate over how to
cover an $800 million deficit.
(AP, 7/1/02)
2002 Jul 1, Northrup Grumman
agreed to pay $7.8 billion in stock for TRW Corp. [see Feb 22]
(SFC, 7/2/02, p.B1)
2002 Jul 1, In Afghanistan US
Air Force gunship killed 44-48 members of a wedding party in
Kakarak, Uruzgan province, during a major operation to track down
Taliban leader Mullah Mohammad Omar.
(Reuters, 7/2/02)(SFC, 7/2/02, p.A1)(SFC, 7/4/02,
p.A9)(AP, 7/1/03)
2002 Jul 1, A Canadian climber
who had scaled Alaska's Mount McKinley alone died after he fell
about 1,000 feet (300 meters) while descending from the peak's upper
reaches.
(Reuters, 7/1/02)
2002 Jul 1, Chile's Supreme
Court ruled that former dictator General Augusto Pinochet was
suffering from dementia and dropped all charges against him for
human rights violations during his regime.
(AP, 7/1/03)
2002 Jul 1, In the Hague the
world's first permanent war crimes tribunal officially came into
existence. It was vehemently opposed by the United States.
(AP, 7/1/02)
2002 Jul 1, In southwestern
Hungary a bus carrying Polish pilgrims to a shrine in Bosnia struck
a stone barrier and overturned in a ditch killing 19.
(AP, 7/1/02)
2002 Jul 1, Indonesian police
fired water cannon at about 500 demonstrators who knocked down the
gates of parliament to protest against a decision by MPs to reject
an inquiry into a graft scandal.
(Reuters, 7/1/02)
2002 Jul 1, Jordan reported
that 11 people, including a Palestinian-Jordanian who fled the
American bombing on Osama bin Laden's stronghold in Afghanistan,
have been detained in connection with an alleged plot to attack
American targets.
(AP, 7/1/02)
2002 Jul 1, In Mozambique
health officials reported that at least 62 people have died of
cholera in the northern province of Cabo Delgado since the latest
outbreak of the disease in February.
(AP, 7/1/02)
2002 Jul 1, In Peru Vladimiro
Montesinos, once one of the country's most feared men, was convicted
of usurping office, the first of more than 70 criminal charges
ranging from arms smuggling to homicide that the ex-spymaster faces.
(AP, 7/1/02)
2002 Jul 1, Philippine
government forces using bomber planes and helicopters attacked
suspected Muslim rebel positions in the southern Philippines,
inflicting an undetermined number of casualties.
(Reuters, 7/1/02)
2002 Jul 1, Bashkirian flight
2937 with 45 Russian children headed for a beach vacation in Spain
were among 71 people killed when their chartered Tupolev airliner
slammed into a Boeing 757 DHL cargo plane over southern Germany. The
flights were under Swiss air control. An onboard device told the
pilot to climb but he followed a controller’s order to dive instead.
In 2007 four employees of a Swiss air traffic control company were
convicted of negligent homicide for the crash of flight 2937.
(AP, 7/2/02)(SFC, 7/2/02, p.A1)(WSJ, 7/2/02,
p.A1)(SFC, 7/3/02, p.A6)(WSJ, 7/9/02, p.A1)(AP, 9/4/07)
2003 Jul 1, The US planned to
suspend $48 million in aid to some 35 countries for failing to meet
this day's deadline for exempting Americans from prosecution before
the new UN int'l. war crimes tribunal.
(SFC, 7/2/03, p.A9)
2003 Jul 1, Bishop Sean
O'Malley was named by Pope John Paul II the new archbishop of
Boston, succeeding Cardinal Bernard Law, who'd resigned in the wake
of a clerical sex abuse scandal.
(AP, 7/1/04)
2003 Jul 1, In Missouri an
employee shot and killed three co-workers and wounded four others at
the Modine Manufacturing plant on the outskirts of Jefferson City,
then drove into town and killed himself in a confrontation with
police.
(AP, 7/2/03)
2003 Jul 1, Herbie Mann (73),
jazz flutist, died in Pecos, NM. He was born Apr 16, 1930, as
Herbert Jay Solomon in Brooklyn, NY.
(SFC, 7/3/03, p.A2)
2003 Jul 1, In Iraq US troops
killed 4 people who failed to stop at checkpoints.
(WSJ, 7/2/03, p.A1)(SFC, 7/2/03, p.A14)
2003 Jul 1, At a summit,
Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon and Palestinian PM Mahmoud Abbas
rededicated themselves to peace efforts and spoke of a shared future
for their peoples.
(AP, 7/1/04)
2003 Jul 1, In Hong Kong the
"Article 23" measures targeting crimes against the state drew
hundreds of thousands of people into the streets in a protest that
overshadowed the 6th anniversary of the handover of the territory
from Britain to China.
(AP, 7/1/03)(WSJ, 7/2/03, p.A8)
2003 Jul 1, Roman Abramovich,
Russian billionaire and governor of Chukotka, bought England’s
Chelsea football club in a deal worth £140m ($233m).
(WSJ, 1/10/07,
p.A14)(http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3036838.stm)
2004 Jul 1, The US Coast Guard
began boarding foreign vessels as int’l. security rules went into
effect.
(SFC, 7/3/04, p.A3)
2004 Jul 1, AB 1627 declared
that beginning on this day each California hospital will be required
to make one written or electronic copy of its charge description
master (chargemaster) available at the hospital’s location or on its
Internet Web site.
(www.oshpd.cahwnet.gov/hid/hospital/chrgmster/index.htm)(WSJ,
12/28/04, p.A1)
2004 Jul 1, Connecticut’s
Republican Lt. Gov. M. Jodi Rell (b.1946) became state governor
following the resignation of Gov. John Rowland. She was elected to
her own term in 2006.
(SFC, 11/10/09,
p.A8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M._Jodi_Rell)
2004 Jul 1, The Cassini
spacecraft sent back photographs of Saturn's shimmering rings.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2004 Jul 1, Marlon Brando (80),
film actor, died in LA. His many films included “On the Waterfront”
(1954), and “The Godfather” (1972). In 2008 Stefan Kanfer authored
“Somebody: The Reckless Life and Remarkable Career of Marlon
Brando.”
(http://tinyurl.com/2vfnpa)(SSFC, 12/7/08, Books
p.7)
2004 Jul 1, Historic Afghan
elections scheduled for September were delayed because of wrangling
among officials and political parties.
(AP, 7/1/04)
2004 Jul 1, Statistics Canada
counted 31,946,316 Canadians.
(AP, 9/29/04)
2004 Jul 1, Horst Koehler,
former IMF, head was sworn in as Germany's 9th post-war president.
(AP, 7/1/04)
2004 Jul 1, Hundreds of
thousands of people marched in Hong Kong to demand democratic rights
from China.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2004 Jul 1, India’s Fiscal
Responsibility and Budget Management Act took effect. It required
the government to cut the fiscal deficit by 0.3% of GDP annually
until 2009.
(WSJ, 1/12/05, p.A9)
2004 Jul 1, A defiant Saddam
Hussein rejected charges of war crimes and genocide in a court
appearance, telling a judge "this is all theater, the real criminal
is Bush."
(AP, 7/1/04)
2004 Jul 1, In Iraq US jets
pounded a suspected safehouse of terrorist Abu Musab al-Zarqawi in
Fallujah.
(AP, 7/1/04)
2004 Jul 1, In Ayacucho, Peru,
hundreds of striking teachers burned buildings and looted bank
teller machines during clashes with riot police that injured 34
people and led to 15 arrests.
(AP, 7/2/04)
2004 Jul 1, Interfax news
reported that the Russian Tax Service is demanding another $3.3
billion from the Yukos oil company in back taxes for 2001.
(AP, 7/1/04)
2004 Jul 1, Saudi security
forces traded gunfire with militants in a Riyadh, killing one
militant and wounding one. A police officer was killed and two were
hurt.
(AP, 7/2/04)
2004 Jul 1, The United Nation's
World Food Program (WFP) began airlifting enriched food from the
Ethiopian capital to Sudan's western Darfur region, where it
estimates 1.2 million people will need food aid every month until
October. UN Sec. Gen’l. Kofi Annan visited the area.
(AFP, 7/2/04)(WSJ, 7/2/04, p.A1)
2005 Jul 1, Sandra Day
O'Connor, the first woman on the US Supreme Court and a swing vote
on abortion as well as other contentious issues, announced her
retirement.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2005 Jul 1-2005 Jul 2, Federal
and local authorities arrested 27 suspects in the Bay Area in a sex
trafficking operation. Another 18 people were arrested in southern
California during nighttime raids for allegedly conspiring to
smuggle South Korean women into the US to work as prostitutes at
massage parlors and other businesses.
(AP, 7/2/05)(SFC, 7/2/05, p.A1)
2005 Jul 1, In St. Paul some
state offices closed and about 9,000 state employees were jobless
after parts of Minnesota's government shut down for the first time
in state history, leaving most rest stops closed for the
Independence Day weekend. Lawmakers failed to pass even a stopgap
plan to keep the government up and running while negotiators keep
working.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2005 Jul 1, In North Dakota a
14-mile, $28 million drainage channel, from Devil’s Lake to the
Sheyenne River, was scheduled to open, but it was held up by heavy
rains. Canada protested that polluted water would end up in Lake
Winnipeg.
(Econ, 7/16/05, p.34)
2005 Jul 1, The Mustang Ranch
bordello reopened east of Reno with the generic name World Famous
Brothel six years after the government shut it down and auctioned
off its buildings and contents.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2005 Jul 1, Song, a low-fare
unit of Delta Airlines, began service from SFO to JFK in NY.
(SFC, 7/2/05, p.C1)
2005 Jul 1, IBM and Microsoft
settled antitrust claims with IMB getting $775 million in cash and
$75 million worth of software from Microsoft.
(SFC, 7/2/05, p.C1)
2005 Jul 1, In Detroit Renaldo
"Obie" Benson (69), a member of the legendary Motown singing group
the Four Tops, died.
(AP, 7/2/05)
2005 Jul 1, Luther Vandross
(54), Grammy award winning singer, died in New Jersey.
(AP, 7/2/05)
2005 Jul 1, In eastern
Afghanistan a US airstrike in Kunar province resulted in casualties;
Afghan officials said 48 people were killed, including 25 members of
an extended family attending a wedding celebration; US officials
later confirmed 34 dead. Hundreds of Afghan troops raided a Taliban
hide-out in the mountains of central Afghanistan and 18 rebels and
two soldiers were killed in fierce fighting.
(SFC, 7/7/05, p.A14)(AP, 7/2/05)(AP, 7/1/06)
2005 Jul 1, Canadians
celebrated Canada Day, the 60th anniversary of V-E Day and Canada's
role in liberating the Netherlands, as well as the 100th anniversary
of Alberta and Saskatchewan joining Confederation were all marked
with music and tributes.
(AP, 7/2/05)
2005 Jul 1, China and Russia
issued a declaration demanding respect for the right of all
countries to develop free of outside interference.
(SFC, 7/2/05, p.A14)
2005 Jul 1, In Dagestan,
Russia, a bomb in Makhachkala killed 10 Russian troops.
(WSJ, 7/29/05, p.A11)
2005 Jul 1, Egypt and Israel
signed a commercial agreement committing Egypt to export natural gas
to Israel.
(Econ, 3/28/09,
p.56)(www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Peace/egisgas.html)
2005 Jul 1, An EU directive
took effect banning lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, and
2 types of brominated flame retardants. Some exceptions were
allowed.
(SSFC, 2/27/05, p.E1)
2005 Jul 1, Finland's crippling
paper industry dispute ended but there were lingering fears that the
seven-week shutdown could have wider repercussions beyond the loss
of an estimated 1.5 billion euros ($1.8 billion) in export earnings.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2005 Jul 1, Germany's
parliament voted no confidence in Gerhard Schroeder's government at
the chancellor's own request, setting the stage for new elections
amid economic sluggishness and growing discontent with proposed
economic reforms.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2005 Jul 1, Police in Iceland
charged Jon Asgeir Johannesson, multimillionaire and CEO of Baugur,
with fraud. Baugur was taken private in 2003. In October the Supreme
Court dismissed 32 of 40 charges. A district court acquitted him of
the remaining 8 charges in March, 2006.
(Econ, 7/25/05, p.54)(Econ, 7/1/06, p.A9)(WSJ,
7/11/06, p.A9)
2005 Jul 1, In Iraq gunmen
killed Shiite cleric Kamal Ezz al-Deen al-Ghuraifi, an aide to
Iraq's most influential Shiite cleric, and 2 bodyguards in a
drive-by shooting outside a Baghdad mosque. A suicide bomber
detonated his car outside the party offices of PM Ibrahim
al-Jaafari, killing one guard.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2005 Jul 1, The Defense
Ministry gave clearance for the last Italians serving under the
military draft to be discharged, marking the end of a 200-year-old
practice.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2005 Jul 1, Italian police
arrested two people accused of creating a "parallel" anti-terrorism
police force that used government money and confidential police
information.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2005 Jul 1, In Northern Ireland
a Protestant construction worker sitting in a truck was shot to
death in an attack in Belfast that police blamed on Protestant
extremists.
(AP, 7/2/05)
2005 Jul 1, Russia's defense
minister said that most university military departments will be
closed by 2009, a decision that blocks a widely-used chance to avoid
compulsory military service.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2005 Jul 1, An explosion
believed to have been caused by a remote-controlled bomb ripped
through a Russian military truck at a bath house in Makhachkala, the
capital of Dagestan, killing at least 10 troops.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2005 Jul 1, On the island of
Tobago Kitty Nichole Pepe (14) of Keene, N.Y., was stabbed to death
in the village of Charlottville. On July 4 police arrested a
22-year-old man in connection with her death. Pepe was the 5th
homicide victim on the island of 55,000 people this year. In April,
2011, Sean Antoine (28) was convicted of manslaughter. In May he was
sentenced to 19 years at hard labor.
(AP, 7/3/05)(AP, 7/5/05)(AP, 5/16/11)
2005 Jul 1, In Ankara, Turkey,
a suicide bomber who tried to enter the Justice Ministry was shot to
death by police as he fled when metal detectors went off. Police
identified the dead man as Eyup Beyaz, a member of the Revolutionary
People's Liberation Party-Front, or DHKP-C, an outlawed group that
aims to topple the government and replace it with a Marxist one.
(AP, 7/1/05)
2006 Jul 1, New Jersey failed
to approve a budget and Gov. Jon S. Corzine began closing the state
government amid a bitter dispute with fellow Democrats in the
Assembly over his plan to increase the sales tax, threatening to
shutter beaches, parks and possibly casinos in the coming days.
(AP, 7/1/06)(WSJ, 7/3/06, p.A1)(Econ, 7/8/06,
p.27)
2006 Jul 1, An estimated 5,000
bikers rode into Hollister, Ca., for the annual 4th of July
motorcycle rally, even though it was officially cancelled last year
by the City Council.
(SSFC, 7/2/06, p.B1)
2006 Jul 1, Thunderstorms
forced NASA to call off the launch of Discovery, delaying the first
space shuttle flight in a year. Discovery was launched three days
later, on July 4.
(AP, 7/1/07)
2006 Jul 1, Phillip Rieff (83),
sociologist and a severe critic of contemporary academic culture,
died. He was best known for his 1966 book “The Triumph of the
Therapeutic: Uses of Faith After Freud.” His final work: “Charisma:
The Gift of Grace, and How It Has Been Taken Away from Us,” was
published in 2007.
(WSJ, 2/17/07, p.P12)(http://tinyurl.com/lphph)
2006 Jul 1, In southern
Afghanistan 2 rockets fired by insurgents slammed into the main
coalition military base. The wounded included five American and two
Canadian soldiers, as well as three foreign contract workers. 2
British soldiers and an Afghan interpreter were killed when their
base in Sangin district in Helmand province came under attack.
Afghan forces killed 11 militants in a separate attack in the same
area. A total of five British troops have been killed since the
start of Operation Mountain Thrust.
(AP, 7/1/06)(AP, 7/2/06)
2006 Jul 1, China’s new $4.2
billion, 710-mile-long railway from Golmud to Lhasa, Tibet, began
operations. Canada’s Bombardier manufactured high-tech cars for the
Sky Train with regulated oxygen levels to cope with 16,500-foot
passes.
(SFC, 6/30/06, p.A18)(Reuters, 7/1/06)
2006 Jul 1, It was reported
that Chinese consumers had begun ganging up on retailers by arriving
en masse at pre-arranged times, arranged online, to push for bargain
prices.
(Econ, 7/1/06, p.59)
2006 Jul 1, China reported a
new outbreak of bird flu near Zhongwei in the Ningxia region.
(WSJ, 7/3/06, p.A6)
2006 Jul 1, Sources said East
Timor's outgoing foreign minister Jose Ramos-Horta will head the
government until a new premier is appointed in coming days.
(AFP, 7/1/06)
2006 Jul 1, About 100 Ethiopian
troops entered the Somali border town of Beled-Hawo in eight
military vehicles, the latest sign that Ethiopia might try to
bolster this country's weak interim government as an Islamic militia
gains increasing power.
(AP, 7/1/06)
2006 Jul 1, Finland began its
6-month rotating presidency of the EU.
(www.government.fi/eu/suomi-ja-eu/2006/en.jsp)
2006 Jul 1, Thousands of people
marched through Paris to protest plans to tighten restrictions on
immigration and step up deportations of immigrant families with
children who are in the country illegally.
(AP, 7/2/06)
2006 Jul 1, The 3-week Tour de
France began. 4 favorites, including Ivan Basso and Jan Ullrich,
were barred with 5 others from the cycling competition after their
names popped up in a Spanish probe of a network that allegedly
supplied riders and other athletes with banned drugs and doping
know-how.
(AP, 6/30/06)(SFC, 7/1/06, p.D1)
2006 Jul 1, In Gambia a summit
of more than 50 African leaders opened with the aim of pursuing
regional integration, but conflicts in Darfur and Somalia are
inevitably topping the agenda. Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez
called on Africa to forge closer ties with Latin America to combat
what he called a threat of U.S. hegemony.
(AFP, 7/1/06)(Reuters, 7/1/06)
2006 Jul 1, Thousands chanted
slogans and marched through Hong Kong's streets in a pro-democracy
protest, while a pro-Beijing parade also drew a big crowd to mark
the ninth anniversary of the former British colony's return to
Chinese rule.
(AP, 7/1/06)
2006 Jul 1, India's PM Manmohan
Singh announced an 835-million-dollar relief package to aid farmers
in the country's main cotton belt where crippling debts and falling
prices have led to thousands of suicides. A court convicted three
men of involvement in a 2002 terrorist attack on a Hindu shrine in
western India that killed 33 people, and it sentenced them to death.
(AP, 7/1/06)(AFP, 7/1/06)
2006 Jul 1, Ryutaro Hashimoto
(68), former Japanese PM (1996-1998), died. He had stood up to the
US in trade negotiations and helped diffuse tensions over US
military bases in Japan.
(AP, 7/1/06)
2006 Jul 1, A parked car bomb
exploded at a popular outdoor market in a Shiite slum in Baghdad,
killing at least 66 people and wounding dozens. It was the bloodiest
attack to hit Iraq since the death of terror leader Abu Musab
al-Zarqawi. Gunmen in Baghdad kidnapped a Sunni female legislator
along with seven of her bodyguards. Iraqi and US authorities freed
495 prisoners from US facilities, completing a mass release
announced by the prime minister last month as part of his national
reconciliation efforts.
(AP, 7/1/06)
2006 Jul 1, Palestinian
militants holding an Israeli soldier issued a new set of demands,
calling for the release of 1,000 prisoners and a halt to Israel's
military offensive in Gaza. But Israel rejected them.
(AP, 7/1/06)
2006 Jul 1, A new law, combined
with a series of bureaucratic bungles, forced some 30% of Russian
liquor stores to close indefinitely because they will have nothing
to sell. The law, which aimed to block counterfeit wine sales,
requires distributors to place new, government-issued excise labels
on all wine and liquor. But a series of delays and misunderstandings
has meant few properly labeled imports will be ready in time.
(AP, 7/1/06)
2006 Jul 1, In Geneva
developing countries emerged from a failed World Trade Organization
meeting more united than ever and warned rich countries not to
undermine the development thrust of the Doha Round of global trade
talks.
(AFP, 7/1/06)
2007 Jul 1, Former Gov. Mitt
Romney’s compulsory health plan for Massachusetts went into force.
(Econ, 7/7/07, p.30)
2007 Jul 1, Russian President
Vladimir Putin arrived in Kennebunkport, Maine, for an overnight
visit at the Bush family estate and talks with President Bush.
(AP, 7/2/07)
2007 Jul 1, In California the
price for milk, set by the state Dept. of Food and Agriculture, rose
to $1.98 per gallon, up from $1.06 a year ago.
(SFC, 6/30/07, p.A1)
2007 Jul 1, In NYC a ban on
restaurant cooking with trans fats went into effect.
(SFC, 7/2/07, p.A4)
2007 Jul 1, Virginia became
home of the $3,000 traffic ticket. In an effort to raise money for
road projects, the state started to hit residents who commit serious
traffic offenses with huge civil penalties. Beginning today Virginia
added new civil charges to traffic fines. They range from $750 to
$3,000 and will be added to existing fines and court costs.
(USAT, 7/1/07)
2007 Jul 1, In northeastern
Utah a wildfire burned 46 square miles and killed 3 people working
in a hayfield.
(SFC, 7/2/07, p.A7)
2007 Jul 1, In Oregon the
bodies of David Cheryl Gibbs of the SF Bay Area and priest David
Schwartz of Garden Grove, Ca., last seen on June 8, were found in
the wreckage of their car 60 miles west of Portland. A motorist
reported the accident to 911 on June 8, but emergency crews failed
to find the wreck.
(SFC, 7/2/07, p.A1)(SFC, 7/3/07, p.B5)
2007 Jul 1, In Afghanistan a
suicide attacker on foot blew himself up near a convoy of British
forces in Gereshk district. One NATO soldier was killed and several
soldiers and civilians wounded in the attack. A suicide car bomber
killed one Afghan soldier and wounded eight others in the central
province of Wardak.
(AP, 7/1/07)
2007 Jul 1, Argentina’s
official government news agency said President Nestor Kirchner has
tapped his wife to take his place as the ruling coalition candidate
in October presidential elections.
(AP, 7/1/07)
2007 Jul 1, Australian media
reported that PM John Howard is secretly planning to begin
withdrawing Australian troops from Iraq by February 2008. Howard
denied the report, saying the idea was "absurd."
(AFP, 7/1/07)
2007 Jul 1, Miroslav Lajcak,
Slovak diplomat, took over as the EU's High Representative in Bosnia
replacing Dr. Christian Schwarz-Schilling.
(Econ, 6/30/07, p.60)
2007 Jul 1, British police
arrested two people, a 26-year-old man and a 27-year-old woman, on a
major highway in Cheshire, northern England, in a joint swoop by
officers from London and Birmingham, Scotland Yard said in London in
relation to the attack in Glasgow and 2 car bombs in London. A fifth
suspect was arrested in Liverpool. 2 more arrests in the failed car
bombings brought the total to 7.
(AP, 7/1/07)(AP, 7/2/07)
2007 Jul 1, England slammed the
door on smoking in bars, workplaces and public buildings in what
campaigners hail as the biggest boost to public health since the
creation of the National Health Service in 1948.
(AP, 7/1/07)
2007 Jul 1, A 3-day African
Union summit focused on forging a closer federation among the 53
member states began in the Ghanaian capital Accra.
(AFP, 7/1/07)
2007 Jul 1, A suicide bomber
detonated an explosives-packed truck at a checkpoint at the entrance
of the city of Fallujah, west of Baghdad, killing five policemen. In
eastern Baghdad, a roadside bomb exploded near policemen, killing
two. Gunmen in a vehicle opened fire on a minibus carrying Shiite
day laborers in the mixed district of Saydiyah, killing one
passenger and wounding four. The bullet-riddled body of a senior
police commander was discovered in Basra. Col. Nasser Hamoud, who
was in charge of the city's prisons, had been kidnapped along with
three of his guards the day before. Five US service members were
killed in fighting, including two soldiers who died in attacks in
Baghdad and two soldiers and a Marine who died in fighting in
western Anbar province.
(AP, 7/1/07)(AP, 7/2/07)
2007 Jul 1, Israel transferred
millions of dollars worth of tax funds to the new Palestinian
government, allowing it to pay its workers in full for the first
time in a year, while skipping the ones who work for the Islamic
Hamas in Gaza.
(AP, 7/2/07)
2007 Jul 1, Kenya police said
12 suspected criminals and members of a murderous sect were killed
over the last 24 hours, as a fierce crackdown on surging crime
intensified.
(AFP, 7/1/07)
2007 Jul 1, In Namibia a seal
hunt started with a planned run of five months saying it wants to
save its fishing industry. The start followed a government
announcement that it would allow the killing of 6,000 adult males
and 80,000 pups, up by 20,000 in 2006.
(AP, 7/6/07)
2007 Jul 1, In Peru a passenger
bus crashed into an oncoming truck killing 24 people.
(SFC, 7/2/07, p.A4)
2007 Jul 1, Portugal took over
the rotating EU presidency.
(Econ, 7/7/07, p.14)
2007 Jul 1, The state-run
Sunday Mail said a senator from Zimbabwe's ruling party and 20
business people have been arrested for flouting a government-imposed
ceiling on basic commodity prices.
(AFP, 7/1/07)
2008 Jul 1, An Alabama jury
found Glaxo and Novartis guilty of drug-price fraud and ordered them
to pay $114 million.
(WSJ, 7/2/08, p.A1)
2008 Jul 1, Nicholas T. Sheley
(28) was arrested in Granite City, Ill., following a manhunt that
extended into Missouri. The ex-convict was suspected in eight recent
grisly slayings. He was suspected of killing, among others, a
93-year-old man, a toddler and a couple whose blood-soaked dogs were
found roaming a motel parking lot.
(AP, 7/2/08)(SFC, 7/11/08, p.A4)
2008 Jul 1, Starbucks, the
Seattle-based coffee retailer, said it would close another 500
stores in America and reduce its work force by about 7%. The closure
of 100 stores had been announced earlier this year. 70% of the
stores to close were opened after 2005.
(Econ, 7/5/08, p.74)
2008 Jul 1, In California the
11-day old Basin Complex Fire in the Los Padres National Forest
threatened the Esalen Institute in Big Sur.
(AP, 7/2/08)
2008 Jul 1, Robert E. Boni
(b.1928), writer and former chief executive of Armco (1985-1989),
died. In 1993 a partnership between Armco and Kawasaki led to the
formation of AK Steel Holding Corp.
(WSJ, 7/19/08, p.A5)
2008 Jul 1, Clay Felker
(b.1925), founder of the New York magazine (1968) and New West
magazine (1976), died in his New York home. From 1994 he taught at
UC Berkeley for over a decade.
(SFC, 7/2/08, p.A2)
2008 Jul 1, In Afghanistan 4
police officers died when their vehicle struck a roadside bomb as
they went to reinforce a checkpost that had come under attack in
southern Uruzgan province. The US-led force said it helped Afghan
security forces kill "several" insurgents in the province and a
young girl was also killed in the fighting. Five Taliban militants
died in a clash in southern Zabul province. Another rebel was killed
in southwestern Nimroz province. Official figures showed June was
the deadliest month for foreign troops in Afghanistan since the 2001
fall of the Taliban and the second in a row in which casualties
exceeded those in Iraq.
(AFP, 7/1/08)
2008 Jul 1, The African Union,
meeting in Egypt, announced that it was extending the mandate of its
force in Somalia for another six months but urged the UN to take
over the peacekeeping mission. The African leaders also called for
dialogue between Zimbabwe's political foes and a national unity
government following President Robert Mugabe's widely discredited
reelection.
(AFP, 7/1/08)(AP, 7/2/08)
2008 Jul 1, Josef Branis (66)
fatally shot four relatives in two houses in the Vienna suburb
of Strasshof after being evicted from his sister's Vienna
apartment. He was arrested in August after being on the run for
weeks.
(AP, 1/27/09)(www.msnbc.msn.com/id/25495397/)
2008 Jul 1, In China a man
armed with a knife stormed a police station in Shanghai, stabbing
officers inside and killing 6 officers. On September 1 Yang Jia (28)
was sentenced to death for the knife attack. In northwest China 18
miners were killed in a mine-shaft collapse at the state-owned
Huisen Liangshuijing Coal Mine in Shaanxi province. Yang Jia was
executed on Nov 26.
(AP, 7/1/08)(AP, 7/2/08)(AP, 9/1/08)(AP,
11/26/08)
2008 Jul 1, Gao Wenyuan, the
regional Grassland Work Office's director, told Xinhua News
that Inner Mongolia in north China is mobilizing 33,000 people,
including 1,100 technical staff, to wipeout a plague of locusts in
the past two weeks.
(http://english.gov.cn/2008-07/01/content_1032452.htm)
2008 Jul 1, France took over
the rotating presidency of the European Union with high-level
meetings and a ceremony at the Arc de Triomphe.
(AP, 7/1/08)
2008 Jul 1, French officials
said the asbestos-contaminated aircraft carrier Clemenceau, which
was towed half-way across the globe in a failed bid to have it
dismantled, will be broken up by Able UK in Britain. The ship was
decommissioned in 1997.
(AFP, 7/1/08)
2008 Jul 1, Munich-based
Giesecke & Devrient, caved in to pressure from the German
government to stop supplying Zimbabwe with special blank paper
money. Zimbabwe required new notes every few weeks as the inflation
rate pushed well over one million percent.
(WSJ, 7/2/08, p.A1)
2008 Jul 1, Iranian state radio
said that at least 25 people were killed and 16 injured in a bus
accident near Tehran.
(AP, 7/1/08)
2008 Jul 1, In Iraq militants
killed seven people in a series of attacks in Iraq's eastern Diyala
province, and a local official said government crackdowns against
Sunni extremists elsewhere in the country were driving them back to
the area. Staffan de Mistura, the UN envoy to Iraq, said it was
unlikely that the country would be able to hold provincial elections
by the beginning of October as planned because lawmakers had failed
to approve a new election law.
(AP, 7/1/08)
2008 Jul 1, Israel closed its
cargo crossings with the Gaza Strip after accusing Palestinian
militants of firing a rocket at southern Israel in violation of a
shaky truce. The Israeli military said its radar detected a rocket
launched from Gaza the previous evening that struck near the
communal farm of Mefalsim.
(AP, 7/1/08)
2008 Jul 1, In Kingston,
Jamaica, 39 young American missionaries, from the Georgia-based
Adventures in Missions, were robbed by two gunmen who broke into a
Salvation Army school for the blind where they were volunteering.
(AP, 7/2/08)
2008 Jul 1, In Muslim majority
Indian-held Kashmir authorities reversed a controversial plan to
transfer land to a Hindu shrine as Muslim and Hindu protesters held
massive rallies across the region assailing the state government for
its handling of the politically sensitive issue.
(AP, 7/1/08)
2008 Jul 1, Malaysian
opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim vowed to seize power from a
"corrupt" government at a rally of some 15,000 supporters as he
fights back against new sodomy accusations.
(AFP, 7/2/08)
2008 Jul 1, In Mexico videos
showing Leon police practicing torture techniques on a fellow
officer and dragging another through vomit at the instruction of a
US adviser created an uproar, which has struggled to eliminate
torture in law enforcement.
(AP, 7/2/08)
2008 Jul 1, In Mongolia
thousands of people staged a violent protest in the capital as they
voiced outrage over what they claimed were rigged elections, forcing
police to fire gunshots.
(AP, 7/1/08)
2008 Jul 1, In Myanmar a ferry
named "Myo Pa Pa Tun" sank in the Yway river in the cyclone-battered
Irrawaddy delta, killing 38 people. 44 others were rescued.
(AP, 7/4/08)
2008 Jul 1, A smoking ban went
into effect in cafes, restaurants and bars across the Netherlands,
as the country joins a growing list of European countries to tighten
rules on tobacco use in public places. Smoking marijuana in the
Netherlands' infamous "coffee shops" is still permitted under the
new law, as long the drug is not mixed with tobacco.
(AFP, 7/1/08)
2008 Jul 1, The Nigerian Senate
passed a resolution barring the anti-graft agency EFCC and other
security agents from arresting witnesses who appear before
parliament. The lawmakers passed the resolution following the
arrests of an Austrian contractor and two former ministers on the
floor of the Senate shortly after testifying before a parliamentary
hearing on the aviation sector.
(AFP, 7/2/08)
2008 Jul 1, Pakistani forces
destroyed a major militant compound in the Khyber tribal region. The
site served as key headquarters for the banned Lashkar-e-Islam.
(SFC, 7/2/08, p.A3)
2008 Jul 1, Panama's Supreme
Court overturned a presidential pardon of four Cuban emigres accused
of plotting to kill Fidel Castro, including former CIA operative
Luis Posada Carriles. The court ruled that 180 pardons granted in
2004 by outgoing President Mireya Moscoso, including those the four
Cubans, were unconstitutional.
(AP, 7/2/08)
2008 Jul 1, Officials said
Maoist rebels in the southern Philippines killed two soldiers in a
public market and torched a cellular phone tower as the latest
flare-up in the 40-year-old insurgency showed no sign of abating.
(AP, 7/1/08)
2008 Jul 1, In Sri Lanka
fighting erupted in the Vavuniya and Welioya regions bordering the
rebels' de facto state in the north. The fighting in Vavuniya killed
16 rebels and one soldier, while in the nearby Welioya region, 11
rebels and one soldier died.
(AP, 7/2/08)
2008 Jul 1, Thailand’s deputy
prime minister said the Thai government has suspended its decision
to support Cambodia's bid to have an 11th century temple near the
Thai border declared a world landmark. In 1962, the International
Court of Justice awarded the Preah Vihear temple and the land it
occupies to Cambodia.
(AP, 7/1/08)
2009 Jul 1, California’s Gov.
Arnold Schwarzenegger declared a fiscal state of emergency after
Lawmakers failed to balance the state's main checkbook. State
Controller John Chiang said his office is prepared to issue IOUs
totaling $3.3 billion in July.
(AP, 7/2/09)
2009 Jul 1, Utah ditched a
40-year-old requirement for bar customers to fill out applications
and pay a fee to become a member of a private club before entering a
bar.
(SFC, 7/2/09, p.A5)
2009 Jul 1, The Financial Times
reported that Citigroup Inc increased interest rates on up to 15
million US credit card accounts just months before curbs on such
rises come into effect.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, A US federal “cash
for clunkers” scheme went into effect providing incentives for car
buyers.
(Econ, 7/11/09, p.66)
2009 Jul 1, US car giants
General Motors and Ford suspended operations on their production
lines in Russia as the deepening economic crisis squeezes Russian
consumers' demand for new cars.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, Karl Malden (b.1912
as Mladen Sekulovich), Academy Award-winning actor, died. His
intelligent characterizations on stage, screen and television made
him a star despite his plain looks. His more than 50 film credits
included "Patton," "Pollyanna," "Fear Strikes Out," "The Sting II,"
"Bombers B-52," "Cheyenne Autumn," and "All Fall Down." Malden
gained his greatest fame as Lt. Mike Stone in the 1970s television
show "The Streets of San Francisco," in which Michael Douglas played
the veteran detective's junior partner.
(AP, 7/2/09)(SFC, 7/2/09, p.A8)
2009 Jul 1, In southern
Afghanistan an explosion killed two NATO troops and wounded six
others.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, Albania's governing
Democrats claimed they won weekend parliamentary elections, but the
opposition Socialists accused PM Sali Berisha's party of attempting
to snatch victory. Near complete results showed the Democrats were
ahead by just over one percentage point. It was unclear whether
Berisha had secured enough seats in parliament needed to govern
alone.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, In Argentina Juan
Luis Manzur, a doctor and vice governor in Tucuman province,
replaced Health Minister Graciela Ocana, who resigned on June 29 as
concerns over the virus rose. He announced plans to boost public
health spending by $263 million this year and said pregnant women
could miss work for 15 days to avoid contracting swine flu.
(AP, 7/2/09)
2009 Jul 1, Bolivia enacted
what animal rights defenders called the world's first law that
prohibits the use of animals in circuses. A handful of other
countries have banned the use of wild animals in circuses, but the
Bolivian ban includes domestic animals as well. The law would become
effective on July 1, 2010.
(AP, 7/30/09)(AP, 4/16/10)
2009 Jul 1, In Brazil Sao Paulo
state officials launched what they say is Latin America's first
passenger bus with an electric engine powered by hydrogen fuel
cells. The bus will start test runs on the streets of Sao Paulo in
August and will be joined by three similarly powered vehicles next
year.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, British actress
Mollie Sugden (86), best-known for her role as Mrs. Slocombe in the
television comedy series "Are You Being Served?" (1972-1985), died.
(Reuters, 7/2/09)
2009 Jul 1, In Germany Marwa
al-Sherbini (31), a pregnant Muslim woman from Egypt, was stabbed to
death in a Dresden courtroom as her young son (3) watched. She was
involved in a court case against her neighbor for calling her a
terrorist and was set to testify against him when Alex Wiens (28)
stabbed her at least 16 times inside the courtroom. Her husband,
Elwy Okaz, who was in Germany on a research fellowship, came to her
aid and was also stabbed by Wiens and shot in the leg by a security
guard who initially mistook him for the attacker. On Nov 11 Wiens
was sentenced to life in prison.
(AP, 7/6/09)(AFP, 11/11/09)
2009 Jul 1, In Honduras
thousands demonstrated for the return of ousted Pres. Manuel Zelaya.
Thousands more rallied in favor of the military-backed government.
The Organization of American States said Honduran coup leaders have
three days to restore deposed President Manuel Zelaya to power,
before Honduras risks being suspended from the group.
(AP, 6/30/09)(SFC, 7/2/09, p.A3)
2009 Jul 1, The Indian
government announced a rise in petrol and diesel fuel prices, saying
its hand had been forced by the increase in global crude oil prices.
(AFP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, In India Tyeb Mehta
(b.1925), a celebrated modernist painter, died in Mumbai.
(SSFC, 7/5/09, p.C8)
2009 Jul 1, In Iran opposition
leader Mir Hossein Mousavi reasserted his claim that the June 12
election was illegitimate, and demanded that Iran's cleric-led
government release all political prisoners and institute electoral
reforms and press freedoms. A reformist political group said that
authorities banned the daily Etemad-e-Melli (National Confidence)
newspaper allied to presidential candidate Mehdi Karroubi after he
denounced Iran's government as "illegitimate" because of claims of
voting fraud. Former President Mohammad Khatami lashed out at what
he termed "a poisonous security situation" in the wake of violent
street protests.
(AP, 7/1/09)(AP, 7/2/09)
2009 Jul 1, In Iran Clotilde
Reiss (24), a French academic, was among the hundreds of people
detained following the disputed presidential elections. She was
released on bail after a month and a half and later convicted of
provoking unrest and spying. In May, 2010, she was released after
paying a $300,000 fine.
(AP, 5/15/10)(AP, 5/16/10)
2009 Jul 1, Iraq's government
approved a BP-led consortium's offer to develop a giant southern oil
field near Basra, moving forward with the only deal struck during a
disappointing international oil auction. On Oct 16 the Iraqi
government approved the deal by BP and its Chinese partner CNPC to
develop the 17.8 billion barrel Rumaila field, the 2nd largest in
the Middle East. A bombing in Kirkuk killed at least 30 people.
(AP, 7/1/09)(AP, 7/2/09)(AP, 10/17/09)(Econ,
12/4/10, p.58)
2009 Jul 1, In Libya an African
Union summit opened.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, In Namibia the
annual seal hunt opened despite objections by animal welfare groups.
Hunters were expected to club over 90,000 seals including 85,000
pups by Nov 15.
(SFC, 7/7/09, p.A2)(AFP, 8/4/09)
2009 Jul 1, In Nicaragua
Managua Mayor Alexis Arguello (b.1952), a three-time world boxing
champion, was found dead at his home. The La Prensa newspaper
reported he was found with a gunshot wound to the chest in an
apparent suicide.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, Nigeria's President
Umaru Yar'Adua extended an amnesty offer to the jailed rebel leader
Henry Okah, detained on treason charges for over 18 months.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, In northwestern
Pakistan tribesmen attacked Taliban hide-outs, killing 28 militants
and suffering seven fatalities themselves. The intensifying battles
prompted them to ask for army troops to help. A new opinion poll was
released saying 81 percent of Pakistanis view the fundamentalist
Muslim militants as a critical threat to the country.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, Businessman Ricardo
Martinelli (57) was sworn in as Panama's new president, promising to
start the biggest job-creation push ever in the country. Martinelli
said he wants to make the nation of 3.3 million inhabitants the best
place to do business in Latin America.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, In Russia thousands
of casinos, slot-machine parlors and betting halls across the
country shut down, complying with sweeping new restrictions that
require all gambling business to relocate to four remote regions of
the country. Lawmakers had signed the casino closure law in 2006.
Under the new law, casinos and slot machines will be allowed to
operate only in Kaliningrad on the Baltic Sea; the Primorsky region
on the Pacific coast; the mountainous Altai region in Siberia; and
near the southern cities of Krasnodar and Rostov.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, In San Sebastian,
Spain, a meeting was underway of five regional fisheries management
organizations, tasked primarily with protecting tuna populations
worldwide. The groups representing 80 countries met for the first
time in two years to assess stocks of the fish and determine what
more can be done to save the 23 tuna populations, nine of which are
under threat.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, Darfur rebels
signed an accord with one of Sudan's main opposition parties in
Cairo, agreeing to push for a new transitional government, a move
that will infuriate Khartoum.
(Reuters, 7/3/09)
2009 Jul 1, Sweden took over
the rotating presidency of the EU.
(Econ, 7/4/09, p.51)
2009 Jul 1, Switzerland said it
had refused a request to extradite a Rwandan national wanted in his
own country for alleged genocide and war crimes. Other European
countries have also refused extradition requests arguing that
suspects cannot at present receive a fair trial in the country.
(AFP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, In southern
Thailand a rampaging elephant stomped three rubber tappers to death
after it was left to wander freely by its handler.
(AP, 7/1/09)
2009 Jul 1, Zimbabwe's former
finance minister Simba Makoni launched a new opposition party that
promises to "clean up" the country's political landscape.
(AFP, 7/1/09)
2010 Jul 1, Pres. Obama signed
into law new sanctions on Iran that, for the first time, will bar
from the American market foreign companies that work with Iranian
businesses charged with aiding Tehran’s nuclear program.
(WSJ, 7/2/10, p.A7)
2010 Jul 1, US government
mortgage agency Freddie Mac said that the average fixed-rate for a
30-year mortgage fell this week to 4.58%. This was the lowest since
Freddie Mac started keeping track of mortgage rates in 1971.
(WSJ, 7/2/10, p.A1)
2010 Jul 1, A US audit,
commissioned by the Commerce Dept., found that the national Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) fishery police misspent
millions in federal fines on cars for managers, a luxury undercover
boat and training in Norway.
(SFC, 7/2/10, p.A6)
2010
Jul 1, California began its fiscal year with no budget in place and
a $19 billion deficit.
{California, Economics}
(SFC, 7/1/10, p.A1)
2010
Jul 1, In the SF Bay Area most bridge tolls rose by $1 dollar with
variable rates on the Bay Bridge depending on travel time.
(SFC, 7/1/10, p.A1)
2010
Jul 1, Boston researchers claimed they have hit upon genetic
sequences that can predict whether you'll live to have "exceptional
longevity." The scientists studied over 1,000 centenarians to
develop a system of genetic analysis by which they can predict, with
a 77-percent accuracy rate, whether someone has a strong chance of
"exceptional longevity," according to findings published in the
journal Science.
(AFP, 7/1/10)
2010 Jul 1, D.light, a solar
powered lantern that could provided light for up to 12 hours after
charging in sunlight for one day, won the Ashden award for
sustainable energy. It was designed by an Indian company in
California and marketed successfully in India.
(www.dlightdesign.com/dataDoc/media/International_winners_Ashden2010_final.pdf)
2010 Jul 1, In Argentina a
survivor of the former military junta detention centers was reported
to have presented a list of 293 detainees, part of a trove of
evidence he rescued from destruction decades ago and hid away.
There, in neat columns typed by a police functionary, each
"subversive delinquent" is listed alongside a terse decision on
their fate, the letters "DF," military shorthand for "disposition
final" — death. The 1976-1983 military junta killed at least 13,000
people, though human rights groups believe as many as 30,000 died
during what Argentines call the "dirty war."
(AP, 7/1/10)
2010 Jul 1, In Benin Investment
Consultancy and Computering Services.(ICC) was forced to close, and
more than a dozen of its employees were jailed. More than a hundred
thousand people lost their savings in a Ponzi scheme run by the
company that appeared to be publicly endorsed by the country's
President Boni Yayi. In August the government said that more than
130,000 people gave their savings to the company and altogether lost
more than $130 million.
(AP, 9/1/10)
2010
Jul 1, In Brazil a statue of Christ overlooking Rio de Janeiro was
reinaugurated after a renovation costing nearly $4 million. The
renovation of the Christ the Redeemer statue, which has towered over
the city for nearly 80 years, was financed by Brazilian mining giant
Vale and the Roman Catholic archdiocese of Rio.
(AFP, 7/1/10)
2010
Jul 1, An Iranian military court convicted and sentenced to death
two suspects charged with torturing and killing three
anti-government protesters in prison.
(AP, 7/1/10)
2010
Jul 1, In Iraq 2 soldiers and 2 members of a government-backed Sunni
militia fighting Al-Qaida were killed in a day of attacks.
(WSJ, 7/2/10, p.A2)
2010 Jul 1, Japanese
electronics maker Toshiba Corp. said it's jumping into the battery
business for electric vehicles in a development deal with Mitsubishi
Motors Corp.
(AFP, 7/1/10)
2010 Jul 1, In Mexico a massive
gun battle between rival drug and migrant trafficking gangs near the
US border left 21 people dead near Nogales, Sonora state.
(AP, 7/1/10)(SFC, 7/2/10, p.A2)
2010 Jul 1, In Mexico the
sprawling remains of Hurricane Alex drenched much of the north,
paralyzing the major city of Monterrey. 12 people were killed.
(AP, 7/1/10)(SSFC, 7/4/10, p.A4)(Econ, 7/10/10,
p.30)
2010
Jul 1, In Lahore, Pakistan, at least two suicide bombers attacked a
popular Muslim shrine minutes apart killing 42 people with some 175
injured. Thousands of people were visiting Data Darbar shrine at the
time of the attack. It contains the tomb of a famous Sufi saint and
is visited by hundreds of thousands of people every year.
(AP, 7/1/10)(WSJ, 7/2/10, p.A1)(SFC, 7/3/10, p.A2)
2010 Jul 1, Somali and African
Union troops launched a battle against an Al-Qaida-backed group in
Mogadishu. A total of 17 people were killed including 16 killed and
45 wounded in the Karan neighborhood.
(WSJ, 7/2/10, p.A2, A8)
2010 Jul 1, Sudanese opposition
leader Hassan Turabi said his 45-day detention and the shuttering of
his party newspaper are proof that the country's historic elections
haven't changed the regime's "oppressive" ways. Turabi was arrested
in May after sharply criticizing Sudan's historic multiparty
elections, saying they were marred by "shameful" fraud.
(AP, 7/1/10)
2010
Jul 1, Sweden abolished compulsory military service for men during
peacetime.
(WSJ, 7/2/10, p.A1)
2010 Jul 1, The international
court in Tanzania investigating Rwanda's 1994 genocide said it has
sentenced Yussuf Munyakazi (75), a father of 13, to 25 years in jail
for killing thousands of people. He was found guilty of "genocide
and extermination" involving Tutsis who had sought refuge in
Catholic churches.
(AFP, 7/1/10)
2010 Jul 1, The Turkish
military said fighting near the border with Iraq killed 12 Kurdish
guerrillas, 2 government soldiers and 3 government-paid village
guards. Clashes erupted after rebels fired long range weapons and
rockets at a military unit in Slirt province.
(WSJ, 7/2/10, p.A10)
2010 Jul 1, Francisco Chavez
Abarca of El Salvador, was arrested in Venezuela, traveling on a
false passport, and quickly flown to Cuba to face charges in a 1990s
bombing campaign. On Sep 27 Abarca said on state TV that he was
hired to plant bombs by Luis Posada Carriles, an 80-year-old
anti-Castro militant and former CIA operative.
(AP, 9/28/10)
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