Today in History - April 7

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451        Apr 7, Attila's Huns plundered Metz.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

924        Apr 7, Berengarius I, Emperor of Italy, was murdered.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1028        Apr 7, Pope Benedict VIII died.
    (PTA, 1980, p.288)

1118        Apr 7, Pope Gelasius II excommunicated Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1348        Apr 7, Prague Univ., the 1st in central Europe, was started by Charles IV.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1498        Apr 7, A crowd stormed Savonarola's convent of San Marco in Florence, Italy.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1506        Apr 7, Francis Xavier, saint, Jesuit missionary to India, Malaya, and Japan, was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1521        Apr 7, Inquisitor-general Adrian Boeyens banned Lutheran books.
    (MC, 4/7/02)
1521        Apr 7, Ferdinand Magellan landed on Cebu Island, Philippines. Italian chronicler Antonio Pigafetta reported a thriving port with large supplies of rice and gold. In 2003 the island was a booming commercial center with a population of 4 million.
    (WSJ, 10/15/03, p.B2A)

1534        Apr 7, Josr de Anchieta, Spanish Jesuit, missionary (Brazilian Tupi Indians), was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1613        Apr 7, Gerard Dou, Dutch painter (Night School), was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1614        Apr 7, El Greco (b.1541), Cretan born Spanish painter (View of Toledo), died in Toledo.
    (WSJ, 6/18/01, p.A16)(MC, 4/7/02)

1625        Apr 7, Albrecht von Wallenstein was appointed German supreme commander.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1645        Apr 7, Michael Cardozo became the 1st Jewish lawyer in Brazil.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1652        Apr 7, The Dutch established settlement at Cape Town, South Africa.
    (HN, 4/7/97)

1712        Apr 7, There was a slave revolt in New York City. A slave insurrection in New York City was suppressed by the militia and ended with the execution of 21 blacks. [see Jul 4]
    (HN, 4/7/97)(HNQ, 6/10/98)

1719        Apr 7, Jean-Baptiste de la Salle (67), French priest, explorer, saint, died.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1724        Apr 7, Johann S. Bach's "St. John Passion" premiered in Leipzig.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1763        Apr 7, Domenico Dragonetti, composer, was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1768        Apr 7, Michel Mathieu (78), composer, died.
    (MC, 4/7/02)   

1770        Apr 7, William Wordsworth, English poet laureate, was born. He wrote "The Prelude" and "Lyrical Ballads." In 1998 Kenneth R. Johnston published “The Hidden Wordsworth: Poet, Lover, Rebel, Spy.” The biography covered the first 30 years of the poet’s life. In 1896 Emile Legouis also published a biography of the poet’s youth. The poet was responsible for such phrases as: “love of nature,” “love of man,” and “emotion recollected in tranquility.”
    (V.D.-H.K.p.230)(WSJ, 6/23/98, p.A18)(SFEC, 8/23/98, BR p.5)(HN, 4/7/99)

1775        Apr 7, Francis C. Lowell was born. He founded the 1st raw cotton-to-cloth textile mill.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1794        Apr 7,    In Poland at the battle of Raclawice the revolutionary forces of Tadeusz Kosci-usko defeated the imperial armies.
    (DrEE, 9/21/96, p.5)

1795        Apr 7,     In the National Convention of Revolutionary France put into effect a new calen-dar system, similar to that of ancient Egypt. The year began with the autumn equinox, and had 360 days divided into twelve months of thirty days. Five extra days were placed at the end of the year. The months were divided into three 10 day groups. The day was divided into 10 new hours, each hour into 100 minutes, and each minute into 100 seconds.
    (K.I.-365D, p.42)
   
1798        Apr 7,  Territory of Mississippi was organized.
    (HN, 4/7/97)

1803        Apr 7, Francois D. Toussaint L'Ouverture (Louverture), Haitian revolutionary, died in a dungeon at Fort Joux in the French Alps. In 2007 Madison Smartt Bell authored “Toussaint Louverture: A Biography.”
    (AP, 4/7/03)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toussaint_L'Ouverture)(SFC, 1/15/07, p.D7)

1805        Apr 7, Francis Wilkinson Pickens (d.1869), (Gov SC, Confederacy), was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)
1805        Apr 7, Beethoven conducted the premiere of his "Eroica" symphony. It was 1st pub-lished in Vienna.
    (MC, 4/7/02)(WSJ, 5/20/03, p.A1)

1818        Apr 7, Gen. Andrew Jackson captured St. Marks, Fla., from the Seminole Indians.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1827        Apr 7, English chemist John Walker invented wooden matches.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1831        Apr 7, Pedro I of Brazil abdicated in favor of his 5-year-old son, Pedro de Alcantara, Pedro II.
    (EWH, 4th ed., p.855)

1837        Apr 7, J. Pierpont Morgan (J.P. Morgan, d.1913), American financier, was born in Hart-ford, Conn. He later owned U.S. Steel and International Harvester. In 1999 Jean Strouse pub-lished the biography "Morgan: American Financier."
    (WUD, 1994 p.931)(WSJ, 3/30/99, p.A24)(HN, 4/7/99)

1853        Apr 7, Dr. John Snow administered chloroform to Queen Victoria at the birth of her 8th child, Prince Leopold.
    (ON, 5/05, p.9)

1858        Apr 7, Anton Diabelli (76), Austrian publisher, composer, died.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1859        Apr 7,  Walter Camp, father of American football, was born in Connecticut.
    (HN, 4/7/97)(MC, 4/7/02)

1860        Apr 7, William Keith Kellogg, the brother of Dr. John Harvey Kellogg (1852-1943), was born. Will later founded the W.K. Kellogg company in Battle Creek, Mich., to market the corn-flakes invented by his older brother. [see 1895]
    (HN, 4/7/99)(http://www.ivu.org/history/adventists/kellogg.html)(WSJ, 9/29/00, p.W17)

1862        Apr 7, Union forces led by Gen. Ulysses S. Grant defeated the Confederates at the bat-tle of Shiloh in Tennessee. Gen. Ulysses Grant after the Battle of Shiloh said: “I saw an open field... so covered with dead that it would have been possible to walk across... in any direction, stepping on dead bodies without a foot touching the ground.” More than 9,000 Americans died.
    (SFC, 6/19/96, p.E5)(HT, 4/97, p.13)(AP, 4/7/97)

1863        Apr 7, Battle of Charleston, SC. The Federal fleet attack on Fort Sumter failed.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1865        Apr 7, Battle of Farmville, VA.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1888        Apr 7, Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "Yellow Face."
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1890        Apr 7, Marjory Stoneman Douglas, environmentalist (1st Lady of Everglades), was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1891        Apr 7, Nebraska introduced an 8 hour work day.
    (MC, 4/7/02)
1891        Apr 7, Phineas T. Barnum (88), US circus promoter (B & Bailey), died.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1893        Apr 7, Allan W. Dulles, US diplomat, CIA head (1953-61) (Germany's Underground), was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1897        Apr 7,  Walter Winchell, American newscaster and newspaper columnist, was born in Harlem, NYC.
    (HN, 4/7/97)(MC, 4/7/02)

1902        Apr 7, The Texas Fuel Co. was founded. It soon changed its name to the Texas Co. and eventually became Texaco.
    (SFC, 10/20/04, p.C6)

1908        Apr 7, Percy Faith, conductor (Summer Place), was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1913        Apr 7, The suffragists' marched to the Capitol in Washington, D.C. By the second dec-ade of the 20th century, woman suffrage--women's right to vote--had become an issue of na-tional importance in America. The growth in the numbers of American working women and the valuable contributions women made in war production during World War I further increased the suffragists' support. On August 20, 1919, the 19th Amendment to the Constitution was ratified, giving women the right to vote.
    (HNPD, 4/7/99)

1914        Apr 7, British House of Commons passed the Irish Home Rule Bill.
    (HN, 4/7/97)

1915        Apr 7, Billie Holliday, jazz and blues legend, was born. She sang "God Bless the Child."
    (HN, 4/7/99)

1917        Apr 7, De Falla's ballet "El Sombrero de tres Picos," premiered in Madrid.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1920        Apr 7, Ravi Shankar, sitar player, was born in Benares, India.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1922        Apr 7,  U.S. Secretary of Interior leased Naval Reserve #3, "Teapot Dome,"  in Wyo-ming to Harry F. Sinclair.
    (HN, 4/7/97)(MC, 4/7/02)

1923        Apr 7, The Workers Party of America in NYC became an official communist party.
    (MC, 4/7/02)
1923        Apr 7, The 1st brain tumor operation under local anesthetic was performed at Beth Is-rael Hospital in NYC by Dr K. Winfield Ney.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1926        Apr 7, In San Luis Obispo, Ca., lightning sparked a 5-day oil fire killing 2 people. Over 6 million barrels of oil were burned. Final damages were estimated at $15 million.
    (SFC, 4/7/09, p.D8)
1926        Apr 7, Mussolini's Irish wife broke his Italian nose.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1927        Apr 7, Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover was on hand for the first inter-city (DC to Manhattan) transmission by telephone of video imagery. Hoover’s image and voice were trans-mitted across telephone lines.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1927_in_television)(AH, 4/07, p.14)

1928        Apr 7, James Garner, actor (Rockford Files, Bret Maverick), was born in Norman, Okla.
    (MC, 4/7/02)
1928        Apr 7, Alan J. Pakula, director (All the President's Men, Klute), was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1931        Apr 7, Donald Barthelme (d.1989), US writer, was born in Philadelphia.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Barthelme)(WSJ, 2/21/09, p.W8)
1931        Apr 7,  Daniel Ellsberg, anti-war activist and the man who released the Pentagon Pa-pers, was born.
    (HN, 4/7/97)

1932        Apr 7, Erv A. Kelley, US policeman, was shot to death by Pretty Boy Floyd.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1933        Apr 7, “Near beer” (3.2 beer) became legal after FDR signed an amendment to the Vol-stead Act, which had made drinking alcohol a federal crime. Prohibition ended when Utah be-came the 38th state to ratify 21st Amendment.  [see Dec 5]
    (SFC, 4/7/96, p.B-11)(HN, 4/7/97)(MC, 4/7/02)
1933        Apr 7, The 1st two Nazi anti-Jewish laws barred Jews from legal and public service.
    (MC, 4/7/02)
1933        Apr 7, Jan Erik/Eric Jan Hanussen, Berlin astrologer, illusionist, was murdered.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1934        Apr 7, In India, Mahatma Gandhi suspended his campaign of civil disobedience.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1938        Apr 7, [Edmund G] Jerry Brown Jr, (Gov-D-Cal, Mayor of Oakland), was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1939        Apr 7, Francis Ford Coppola, director (Godfather, Apocalypse Now), was born in Detroit.
    (MC, 4/7/02)
1939        Apr 7, Italy invaded Albania, which offered only token resistance. Less than a week later, Italy annexed Albania. [see Apr 8]
    (AP, 4/7/99)

1942        Apr 7, There was a heavy German assault on Malta.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1943        Apr 7, The NFL adopted its free substitution rule.
    (MC, 4/7/02)
1943        Apr 7, US Marine Lt. James Swett (1920-2009), division leader of Squadron 221, shot down 7 Japanese bombers over the Solomon Islands. He was later awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions on this day.
    (SSFC, 1/25/09, p.B3)
1943        Apr 7, British and American armies link up between Wadi Akarit and El Guettar in North Africa, forming a solid line against the German army.
    (HN, 4/7/99)
1943        Apr 7, Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini met for an Axis conference in Salzburg.
    (MC, 4/7/02)
1943        Apr 7, Lt. Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg was seriously wounded during allied air raid.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1945        Apr 7,    During World War II, American planes intercepted a Japanese fleet that was headed for Okinawa on a suicide mission. The Japanese battleship Yamato, the world's largest battleship, was sunk during the battle for Okinawa along with 4 Japanese destroyers.
    (AP, 4/7/97)(HN, 4/7/99)(MC, 4/7/02)

1947         Apr 7, Auto pioneer Henry Ford (b.1863) died in Dearborn, Mich. Most of his personal estate, valued at $205 million, was left to the Ford Foundation. In 2001 Neil Baldwin authored "Henry Ford and the Jews - The Mass Production of Hate." In 2003 Douglas Brinkley authored "Wheels for the World - Henry Ford, His Company, and a Century of Progress." In 2005 Steven Watts authored “The People’s Tycoon: Henry Ford and the American Century.”
    (AP, 4/7/97)(HN, 2/20/98)(SFC, 6/13/03, p.B4)(SSFC, 8/28/05, p.C2)
1947        Apr 7, Arab students, influenced by national socialist movements in Europe, founded the Baath Party. Satia al-Husri, father of Ba’athism, was a disciple of German philosopher Johann Fichte. This became a holiday in Iraq until abolished in 2003.
    (WSJ, 4/3/03, p.A1)(WSJ, 4/8/03, p.D4)(AP, 7/13/03)
1947        Apr 7, At Mont Pelerin, Switzerland, Friedrich A. von Hayek invited a group of classical liberals to discuss the threat of freedom posed by the expansionist governments of the day. The group founded the Mont Pelerin Society to continue meetings and discussions in the future. They viewed central planning as the single most important threat to liberty.
    (WSJ, 5/8/97, p.A22)

1948        Apr 7, The World Health Organization was founded by the UN. In 1948, the First World Health Assembly called for the creation of a "World Health Day" to mark the founding of the World Health Organization. Since 1950, World Health Day has been celebrated on the 7th of April annually.
    (AP, 4/7/97)(www.who.int/world-health-day/previous/en/index.html)

1949        Apr 7,    The Rodgers and Hammerstein musical "South Pacific" opened on Broadway at the Majestic Theater for 1928 performances.
    (AP, 4/7/97)(MC, 4/7/02)

1951        Apr 7, Janis Ian, [Janis Eddy Fink], lesbian, folk rocker, was born in NYC.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1953        Apr 7,    The U.N. General Assembly elected Dag Hammarskjold (1905-1961) as Secre-tary-General of the UN.
    (WUD, 1994, p.1684)(AP, 4/7/97)

1954        Apr 7, Jackie Chan, martial art actor (Rumble in the Bronx), was born.
    (MC, 4/7/02)
1954        Apr 7, Pres. Eisenhower spoke at a press conference about why we needed to protect Vietnam and mentioned his fear of a "domino-effect" in Indochina.
    (www.history.com/this-day-in-history.do?action=Article&id=2630)
1954        Apr 7, The West German government refused to recognize DDR (East Germany).
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1955        Apr 7, Theda Bara (Theodosia Goodman), silent screen sex symbol, died. Her films in-cluded "A Fool There Was" and "Kathleen Mavoureen."
    (HNPD, 7/24/98)(WUD, 1994 p.118)

1957        Apr 7,    The last of New York City's electric trolleys completed its final run from the city's borough of Queens to Manhattan.
    (AP, 4/7/97)

1958        Apr 7, Anti-nuclear peace protesters arrived at the Atomic Weapons Establishment near Aldermaston, England, after marching for several days from London.
    (AP, 4/7/08)

1959        Apr 7, Oklahoma ended prohibition after 51 years.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1961        Apr 7, Tad Szulc (d.2001) wrote a front page NY times article on anti-Castro forces training to fight at Florida bases and predicted a probable invasion on April 18. The invasion took place Apr 17.
    (SFC, 5/24/01, p.C4)
1961        Apr 7, Marian Jordan (62), radio comedienne (Fibber McGee and Molly), died.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1963        Apr 7,  Yugoslavia proclaimed itself a Socialist republic.
    (HN, 4/7/97)

1964        Apr 7, IBM introduced its innovative System/360, the company's first line of compatible mainframe computers that gave customers the option of upgrading from lower-cost models to more powerful, expensive ones.
    (AP, 4/7/04)

1966        Apr 7,    The United States recovered a hydrogen bomb it had lost off the coast of Spain.
    (AP, 4/7/97)

1967        Apr 7, A, Israeli-Syrian minor border incident escalated into a full-scale aerial battle over the Golan Heights, resulting in the loss of six Syrian MiG-21s to Israeli Air Force (IAF) Dassault Mirage IIIs, and the latter's flight over Damascus.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six-Day_War)

1969        Apr 7,    The US Supreme Court in Stanley v. Georgia unanimously struck down laws prohibiting private possession of obscene material.
    (AP, 4/7/07)

1970        Apr 7, "Effects of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-moon Marigolds," premiered in NYC. The play was written in 1964 by Paul Zindel, playwright and science teacher. Zindel received the 1971 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for the work.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Effect_of_Gamma_Rays_on_Man-in-the-Moon_Marigolds)
1970        Apr 7, In the 42nd Academy Awards in Los Angeles "Midnight Cowboy" won for best pic-ture, John Wayne for best actor (True Grit) and Maggie Smith for best actress (The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie).
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/42nd_Academy_Awards)

1971        Apr 7,  President Nixon pledged a withdrawal of 100,000 more men from Vietnam by December.
    (HN, 4/7/97)
1971        Apr 7, Pres. Nixon ordered Lt. Calley, imprisoned for the Mi Lai massacre, free.
    (MC, 4/7/02)

1972        Apr 7, Richard McCoy (1942-1974), Vietnam veteran and pilot, hijacked a United Air Lines jet and extorted $500,000 in copycat version of the DB Cooper crime. He parachuted into a Utah desert, but was caught with the money in his house and was sentenced to 40 years in prison. He escaped and died in a shootout with FBI agent Nicholas O’Hara in Nov, 1974.
    (SFEC, 11/17/96, Z1 p.5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_McCoy,_Jr.)
1972        Apr 7, "Crazy" Joe Gallo, flamboyant mobster, was gunned down at his 43rd birthday party in Manhattan’s Umberto's Clam House.
    (SFC, 12/30/04, p.A2)
1972        Apr 7, Sheik Abeid Amane Karume, Zanzibari vice-president of the republic of Tanzania, was assassinated.
    (Econ, 12/13/03, p.43)(www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3404703463.html)

1976        Apr 7, Robert A. Swanson (d.1999 at 52), a venture capitalist, and Herb Boyer, a UCSF molecular biologist and co-discoverer of gene-splicing in 1973, incorporated Genentech Inc. They planned to use gene splicing to create a genre of medicines.
    (SFC, 5/28/96, p.B1)(SFC, 1/19/98, p.A10)(SSFC, 4/1/01, p.B1)
1976        Apr 7, China's leadership deposed Deputy Prime Minister Deng Xiaoping and appointed Hua Kuo-feng (Guofeng) prime minister and first deputy chairman of the Communist Party.
    (AP,  4/7/97)

1977        Apr 7, Pres. Carter stopped the reprocessing of used nuclear fuel rods in order to dis-courage the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
    (SSFC, 4/8/07, p.A18)
1977        Apr 7, The RAF gunned down Siegfried Bubeck, a West German federal prosecutor, his driver, Wolfgang Goebel, and the guard Georg Wurster. In 2009 police, using new DNA evi-dence, arrested Verena Becker (57), a former German leftist terrorist on suspicion of involve-ment in the slayings. Becker had been arrested a month after the ambush, following a shootout with police. Prosecutors at the time did not have enough evidence to try her on charges of in-volvement in the Buback slaying, but convicted her of armed robbery and attempted murder stemming from the shootout. She was sentenced to life in prison. In 1989 she was pardoned of those charges by German Pres. Richard von Weizsaecker and released from prison. In 2010 Becker was charged with 3 counts of murder for her alleged role in the fatal 1977 ambush.
    (WSJ, 1/11/00, p.A8)(AP, 8/28/09)(AP, 4/21/10)

1978        Apr 7, President Carter announced he was deferring development of the neutron bomb, a high-radiation weapon.
    (AP, 4/7/08)

1978        Apr 7, A Gutenberg bible sold for a record $2.2 million in NYC. It was bought by Martin Breslauer for the state museum of Baden Wurttemberg.
    (www.biblio.com/details.php?dcx=35363264&aid=frg)

1980        Apr 7,  The US broke relations with Iran during the hostage crises. Pres. Carter ordered all Iranian diplomats expelled from the US and prohibited any further exports to the nation. Pres. Carter signed Executive Order 12205 for economic sanctions against Iran.
    (HN, 4/7/97)(www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=33235)

1982        Apr 7, Sadegh Ghotbzadeh (b.1936), Iran’s minister of foreign affairs, was arrested. He was convicted of plotting against the government and executed on Sep 15.
    (www.cedmagic.com/home/ced-digest/ced-digest-vol-07/ced-digest0714.html)

1983        Apr 7, Specialist Story Musgrave and Don Peterson took the first US space walk in al-most a decade as they worked in the open cargo bay of Challenger for nearly four hours.
    (HN, 4/7/97)(AP, 4/7/03)

1984        Apr 7, Frank Church (b.1924), Sen-D-Idaho, (1957-81), died.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Church)

1986        Apr 7, Dimitris Angelopoulos (79), a Greek industrialist, was killed by Nov. 17 militants. In 2003 Patroklos Tselentis testified that he drove the getaway motorcycle.
    (AP, 3/26/03)(http://tinyurl.com/yzu4sj)

1987        Apr 7,    Chicago Mayor Harold Washington handily won a second term, quashing a chal-lenge by archrival Edward Vrdolyak.
    (AP, 4/7/97)
1987        Apr 7, Frances Newton (22) allegedly killed her husband and 2 children in Houston to gain insurance benefits. According to a reprieve petition, Adrian Newton was a drug user and drug seller and there was evidence that some sort of trouble in this regard was brewing before the murder. In 2005 she was executed in Huntsville, Texas, the 1st black woman to be exe-cuted by the state since the Civil War.
    (SFC, 9/15/05, p.A3)(http://tinyurl.com/9mw34)
1987        Apr 7, Ali Mecili, a lawyer active in Algeria's human rights movement, was killed by three gunshots in the foyer of his Paris apartment. Colleagues accused the Algerian government of involvement. In 2008 Algerian diplomat Mohamed Ziane Hasseni was arrested at an airport in the French port city of Marseille, based on an international arrest warrant. A Paris judge had signed the orders for the arrest of Hassani and the suspected killer, Abdelmalek Amellouet, in December last year.
    (AP, 10/17/08)(http://tinyurl.com/67pryj)

1988        Apr 7, Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev and Afghan leader Najibullah met in the So-viet Central Asian city of Tashkent. They later issued a joint statement, announcing an to end the civil war in Afghanistan and withdraw Soviet troops.
    (AP, 4/7/97)

1989        Apr 7, A week after the Exxon Valdez oil spill disaster, President Bush pledged federal assistance to help in the clean-up.
    (AP, 4/7/99)
1989        Apr 7, A Soviet nuclear-powered submarine, the Komsomolets, caught fire and sank in the Norwegian Sea, claiming 42 of 69 lives.
    (AP, 4/7/99)(SFC, 8/14/00, p.A13)

1990        Apr 7, A display of Robert Mapplethorpe photographs opened at Cincinnati's Contempo-rary Arts Center, the same day the center and its director were indicted on obscenity charges. Both were later acquitted.
    (AP, 4/7/00)
1990        Apr 7, Former national security adviser John M. Poindexter was convicted of five counts at his Iran-Contra trial. However, a federal appeals court later reversed the convictions.
    (HN, 4/7/97)(AP, 4/7/00)
1990        Apr 7, In Burma (later Myanmar) a double-decker ferry sank in Gyaing River during a storm and 215 people were believed drowned.
    (www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0005329.html)
1990        Apr 7, An arson fire aboard a ferry enroute from Norway to Denmark killed 158 people.
    (AP, 4/7/00)

1991        Apr 7, US military planes began airdropping supplies to Kurdish refugees who were fac-ing starvation and exposure in the snow-covered mountains of northern Iraq. The United States warned Iraq not to interfere with the relief effort.
    (AP, 4/7/01)
1991        Apr 7, In Puerto Rico 3 prisoners escaped from the Rio Piedras State Penitentiary in a hijacked helicopter with the help of accomplices. Two were recaptured, while a third remained at large.
    (AP, 12/31/02)

1992        Apr 7,    Democrat Bill Clinton swept the New York, Kansas and Wisconsin primaries.
    (AP, 4/7/97)
1992        Apr 7,    PLO chairman Yasser Arafat survived the crash landing of his plane in the Lib-yan desert; three crew members were killed.
    (AP, 4/7/97)
1992        Apr 7,    The Sacramento Bee, The New York Times and Newsday won two Pulitzer prizes each; playwright Robert Schenkkan was honored for "The Kentucky Cycle," novelist Jane Smiley for "A Thousand Acres."
    (AP, 4/7/97)

1993        Apr 7, European warplanes began arriving in Italy, prepared to enforce a no-fly zone over Bosnia-Herzegovina.
    (AP, 4/7/97)

1994        Apr 7, Angelus Gottfried "Golo" Mann (85), German-US historian, died.
    (www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/MannGolo/)
1994        Apr 7, Civil war erupted in Rwanda, a day after a mysterious plane crash claimed the lives of the presidents of Rwanda and Burundi. Former Defense Minister Colonel Theoneste Bagosora reportedly instigated the killing spree by Hutu militia. Within twenty-four hours fighting resulted in the deaths of Agathe Uwilingiyimana, the prime minister of Rwanda, Joseph Kava-ruganda, the president of the Supreme Court and hundreds of others. In the months that fol-lowed, hundreds of thousands of minority Tutsi and Hutu intellectuals were slaughtered. In Kibeho thousands of Tutsis gathered in a church where they were bombed, shot or hacked to death by Hutu soldiers and militiamen.
    (AP, 4/7/99)(SFC, 4/8/99, p.C3)(SSFC, 4/7/02, p.A19)(MC, 4/7/02)
1994        Apr 7, UN officer Colonel Luc Marchal ordered troops to escort Rwandan prime minister Agathe Uwilingyimana to a radio station in Kigali. The party was ambushed, the troops hacked to death, and the prime minister was raped and murdered. Augustin Ndindiliyimana, head of the Gendarmerie Nationale, was later charged in the killing of 10 Belgian peacekeepers charged with guarding Uwilingyimana and for his role in the Tutsi extermination. Ndindiliyimana was ar-rested in Belgium in 2000.
    (SFC, 7/5/96, p.A16)
1994        Apr 7, In Rwanda Augustin Bizimungu made a speech, several days before he was made army chief, in the northern district of Mukingo, calling for the killing of Tutsis. Bizimungu was arrested in Angola in 2002. In 2011 he received a 30-year jail term for his role in the mass killing of Tutsis.
    (AP, 5/17/11)
1994        Apr 7, Pope John Paul II made remarks at the conclusion of a concert in commemora-tion of the Shoah (holocaust), in which he acknowledged the Nazi Holocaust killing of Jews.
    (http://tinyurl.com/c9vt8)

1995        Apr 7, President Clinton threatened to veto a lengthy list of bills passed by the Republi-can-controlled House if they were not modified in the Senate.
    (AP, 4/7/00)
1995        Apr 7, In a prime-time television address, House Speaker Newt Gingrich declared the GOP "Contract with America" was only a beginning.
    (AP, 4/7/00)

1996        Apr 7, Monica Lewinsky informed pres. Clinton that she was to be transferred from the White House. He promised to bring her back following the elections and they had another sex-ual encounter.
    (SFC, 9/12/98, p.A13)
1996        Apr 7,    Celebrating Easter Mass under a glorious spring sky, Pope John Paul II ap-pealed for support for the "artisans" of peace in Bosnia, Northern Ireland and the Holy Land.
    (AP, 4/7/97)

1997        Apr 7, The Pulitzer Prize for fiction went to Steven Millhauser for "Martin Dressler: The Tale of an American Dreamer," but no award was given for drama. The Times-Picayune of New Orleans won two journalism Pulitzers, including the public service prize, for a series examining how overfishing and pollution are devastating the oceans.
    (AP, 4/7/97)
1997        Apr 7, In Columbia prisoners took over a 1,200 inmate facility in Bucaramanga, the 3rd prison to be seized in a week.
    (WSJ, 4/8/97, p.A1)
1997        Apr 7, In Zaire deserting government soldiers of the 21st Brigade donned white scarves and declared themselves on the side of the rebels as the rebels approached Lubumbashi, the capital of the copper and cobalt rich Shaba province.
    (SFC, 4/8/97, p.A8)

1998        Apr 7, President Clinton held a town meeting in Kansas City, Mo., on the future of Social Security.
    (AP, 4/7/99)
1998        Apr 7, Mary Bono, the widow of entertainer-turned-politician Sonny Bono, won a special election to serve out the remainder of her husband's congressional term.
    (AP, 4/7/99)
1998        Apr 7, Indonesia and the IMF agreed on a new plan for the economy. Pres. Suharto and the fund made concessions, that included continuing subsidies on food and fuel and closing more insolvent banks.
    (SFC, 4/8/98, p.A12)

1999        Apr 7, In Kentucky 2 volunteer firefighters, Kenneth Nickell (28) and Kevin Smith (30), were killed while battling a blaze at the Daniel Boone National Forest.
    (SFC, 4/8/99, p.A13)
1999        Apr 7, The US State Dept. made public a list of Serb commanders whose names were to be sent to the Yugoslav war crimes tribunal in The Hague.
    (SFC, 4/8/99, p.A10)
1999        Apr 7, Chechen gunmen killed 4 Russian policemen patrolling the border near Stavro-pol.
    (WSJ, 4/8/99, p.A1)
1999        Apr 7, Spyros Kyprianou, the acting president of Cyprus, planned to fly to Belgrade to negotiate the release of the 3 American soldiers held by Serbia.
    (SFC, 4/8/99, p.A1)
1999        Apr 7, In Macedonia the government evacuated a huge refugee encampment overnight and sent them to locations in Albania, Greece and Turkey.
    (SFC, 4/8/99, p.A1)
1999        Apr 7, Heavy NATO bombing reportedly killed 10 civilians in Pristina, Kosovo. The Pro-vincial Executive Council Building, which housed the offices of Zoran Andjelkovic, Kosovo's top Serbian official, were was hit by bombs.
    (SFC, 4/8/99, p.AQ10)   
1999        Apr 7, Yugoslav forces sealed the Morini border with Albania and the border at Mace-donia and told refugees to return home. The wave of refugees approached the half-million mark.
    (SFC, 4/8/99, p.A1)(SFC, 4/20/99, p.A7)(AP, 4/7/00)

2000        Apr 7, Pres. Clinton signed a bill to allow people aged 65-70 to earn as much as they can without losing Social Security benefits.
    (SFC, 4/8/00, p.A1)
2000        Apr 7, Attorney General Janet Reno met in Washington with the father of Elian Gon-zalez; Reno later told reporters that officials would arrange for Juan Miguel Gonzalez to reclaim his son, but she gave Elian’s Miami relatives one more chance to drop their resistance and join in a peaceful transfer.
    (AP, 4/7/01)
2000        Apr 7, A Miami jury ruled that cigarettes caused the diseases of 3 smokers chosen as representatives in a class-action suit. Compensatory damages totaled 12.7 million and opened the door to huge punitive damages.
    (SFC, 4/8/00, p.A1)
2000        Apr 7, Iqbal Masih, a slain child labor spokesperson, was named in Sweden as the first winner of the World’s Children’s prize. Masih was gunned down at age 13 after speaking out against child labor in carpet factories where he had worked from age 5-10. Prize money was earmarked to establish the Iqbal Masih Freedom Center for the Rights of the Child in Pakistan.
    (SFC, 4/8/00, p.C1)

2001        Apr 7, In Cincinnati Timothy Thomas (19), an unarmed black man wanted on 14 misde-meanor warrants, was fatally shot by a white police officer. The shooting led to city-wide riots. Officer Stephen Roach was later charged with negligent homicide and obstructing official busi-ness.
    (SFC, 4/11/01, p.A10)(SFC, 5/8/01, p.A3)(AP, 4/7/02)
2001        Apr 7, The $297 million Mars Odyssey was launched on a six-month, 286-million-mile journey to the Red Planet and was expected to arrive near Mars Oct 24. A 2-year orbit to map the planet’s chemistry and minerals was planned.
    (SFC, 4/7/01, p.A2)(SSFC, 4/8/01, p.A13)(AP, 4/7/02)   
2001        Apr 7, Actress Beatrice Straight died in Los Angeles at age 86.
    (AP, 4/7/02)
2001        Apr 7, China rejected US statements of regret and continued to demand an apology for the April 1 collision between a US spy plane and Chinese jet.
    (SSFC, 4/8/01, p.C1)
2001        Apr 7, In Tehran 40-42 people were arrested including members of the opposition Free-dom Movement. The Revolutionary Court said some were linked to the Iraq-based Mujahedeen-e Khalq (MEK).
    (SFC, 4/9/01, p.A8)
2001        Apr 7, The weeklong Jewish Passover began at sundown.
    (SSFC, 4/8/01, p.C3)
2001        Apr 7, In the Philippines Manila went dark for 14 hours when a transmission line over-loaded and cut power to 35 million people.
    (WSJ, 4/9/01, p.A1)
2001        Apr 7, In Vietnam a Russian-made M-17 helicopter carrying a team searching for Ameri-can MIAs crashed and all aboard were reported killed. Rescuers recovered the bodies of 9 Vietnamese and 7 Americans the next day.
    (SSFC, 4/8/01, p.C2)(SFC, 4/9/01, p.A7)

2002        Apr 7, Pres. Bush ended weekend talks with Britain’s PM Tony Blair in Texas. Blair said he would back a US military action against Iraq.
    (SFC, 4/8/02, p.A9)
2002        Apr 7, Arthur Andersen announced it would lay off more than a quarter of its US work-force, a direct result of Enron filing for bankruptcy in the fall of 2001.
    (AP, 4/8/03)
2002        Apr 7, Actor John Agar (81) died in Burbank, California.
    (AP, 4/7/03)
2002        Apr 7, In Colombia  2 bombs killed 12 people in Villavicencio and FARC rebels were suspected. One bomb was used to attract people when the was 2nd detonated.
    (SFC, 4/8/02, p.A9)
2002        Apr 7, In Costa Rica Abel Pacheco (68), psychiatrist, poet and former TV commentator, was elected president in a runoff against Rolando Araya.
    (WSJ, 4/8/02, p.A1)
2002        Apr 7, In Iraq Saddam Hussein pledged to defeat the US if attacked and promised to continue supplying Palestinians to defend against Israel.
    (SFC, 4/8/02, p.A9)
2002        Apr 7, Israeli forces continued Operation Defensive Shield and news reporters were kept away. 12 Palestinians were killed in Nablus with stiff resistance in the Jenin refugee camp. Worldwide protests included a march in Morocco by a half million people and in Brussels by some 10,000.
    (SFC, 4/8/02, p.A1,8)(AP, 4/7/03)

2003        Apr 7, Syracuse beat Kansas 81-78 in the NCAA Basketball finals.
    (SFC, 4/8/03, p.A1)
2003        Apr 7, The US Supreme Court voted 6-3 to uphold a 50-year-old Virginia law making it a crime to burn a cross as an act of intimidation.
    (AP, 4/7/04)
2003        Apr 7, Pulitzer Prize winners included the Boston Globe for public service, Jeffrey Eugenides for fiction (Middlesex); Rick Atkinson for history ((An Army at Dawn: The War in North Africa (1942-1943); and Samantha Power for general nonfiction (A Problem from Hell: American and the Age of Genocide”). The Boston Globe won the 2003 Pulitzer Prize for public service for its coverage of the priest sex abuse scandal.
    (SFC, 4/8/03, p.A2)(AP, 4/7/08)
2003        Apr 7, Jewelry valued at $4.5 million was stolen from the Lang Estate and Jewelry store on Union Square in SF. 2 men were later arrested. In 2006 Troy Smith (44) was convicted in the robbery and faced 35 years to life in prison. His brother Dino Smith (48) and George Turner (46) were convicted in 2005. The robbers entered on a Sunday night and forced employees to open the safes the next morning and escaped with 1,300 pieces of jewelry.
    (SFC, 12/21/04, p.B3)(SFC, 11/1/06, p.B7)(SFC, 10/1/09, p.E3)
2003        Apr 7, In the 19th day of Operation Iraqi Freedom US forces in tanks and armored vehi-cles stormed into the center of Baghdad, seizing Saddam Hussein's Sijood and Republican pal-aces. As many as 5 marines were killed. Many Iraqis died in constant suicidal attacks. It was later speculated that the US and the Baath regime arranged a secret deal (safqua) to hand over Baghdad.
    (AP, 4/7/03)(SFC, 4/7/03, p.A1)(WSJ, 4/8/03, p.A1)(SSFC, 4/20/03, p.D3)
2003        Apr 7, A US warplane dropped 4 precision-guided 2,000-pound JDAMs and left a smok-ing crater 60 feet deep in the upscale al-Mansour section of western Baghdad, where Saddam Hussein was believed to have been in a meeting with top officials.
    (AP, 4/8/03)(SFC, 4/8/03, p.A1)
2003        Apr 7, Capt. Harry Alexander Hornbuckle on the road to Baghdad led 80 US soldiers against 300 Iraqi and Syrian fighters. 200 enemy were killed with no US casualties.
    (WSJ, 11/11/03, p.A1)
2003        Apr 7, The SF Chronicle ran a $45,000 full-page ad that called for the impeachment of Pres. Bush. Former US Attorney Gen’l. Ramsey Clark led the ad sponsors.
    (SFC, 4/8/03, p.A12)
2003        Apr 7, Juan Emeterio Rivas, Colombia radio journalist  for station Calor Estereo, was shot and killed by gunmen after he told his police body guards to take time off. Rivas' body and that of an engineering student were discovered in a rural area outside Barrancabermeja. Julio Cesar Ardila, the mayor of Barrancabermeja, was later charged with ordering the murder. He was among three men convicted in the murder of Jose Emeterio Rivas. In 2009 Ardila was sen-tenced to 28 years in prison for ordering the murder.
    (AP, 4/7/03)(AP, 7/12/03)(AP, 1/22/09)
2003        Apr 7, Cuba handed down sentences of 15-27 years to the 1st 7 of 80 recently rounded dissidents. Activists of Oswaldo Paya’s Christian Liberation Movement made up more than two-thirds of those arrested. In response the EU imposed diplomatic sanctions and Cuban officials boycotted embassy functions in what came to be called the “cocktail war.” The sanctions were suspended in 2005 and lifted in 2008.
    (AP, 4/8/03)(Econ, 12/17/05, p.38)(Econ, 6/28/08, p.44)
2003        Apr 7, Cecile de Brunhoff (99), the inspiration for Babar the elephant whose adventures captivated generations of children, died in Paris. She first invented the tale of a little elephant as a bedtime story for her boys in 1931. They in turn told their father, painter Jean de Brunhoff, who illustrated the story and filled in details.
    (AP, 4/8/03)
2003        Apr 7, Israeli soldiers shot and killed a Palestinian man who approached the fence of a Jewish settlement in the Gaza Strip overnight. In Tulkarem, Israeli troops arrested Maslama Thabet, a member of the Al Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades.
    (AP, 4/7/03)
2003        Apr 7, Mexico said it would prepay $3.84 billion in the last outstanding Brady par bonds. They originally totaled $34 billion.
    (WSJ, 4/9/03, p.A10)
2003        Apr 7, In the northern Siberian republic of Yakutia a fire engulfed an old wooden school, killing 21 students and a teacher.
    (AP, 4/7/03)

2004        Apr 7, Citizens Against Government Waste (CAGW) issued its latest "Pig Book," an ex-position of "improper of unnecessary" US federal expenditures.
    (SSFC, 4/4/04, Par p.24)
2004        Apr 7, The US government issued the 1st license for a manned suborbital rocket to Scaled Composites of Mojave headed by Burt Rutan.
    (SFC, 4/8/04, p.A2)
2004        Apr 7, In Brazil Amazon Indians attacked prospectors who were illegally digging for dia-monds. Cinta Larga Indians massacred 29 illegal wildcat diamond miners on their remote northern reservation. 28 Indians were charged in the killings, but the case has stalled over ju-risdictional questions.
    (AP, 4/14/04)(AP, 12/10/07)
2004        Apr 7, In Germany a court in Hamburg released Mounir el-Motassadeq (30), the only man convicted so far of involvement in the Sep 11, 2001, attacks.
    (WSJ, 4/8/04, p.A1)
2004        Apr 7, A U.S.-led multinational force trying to bring stability to Haiti helped detain  Wil-ford Ferdinand, a top rebel figure.
    (AP, 4/9/04)
2004        Apr 7, In India a land mine killed at least 26 policemen in the eastern state of Jhark-hand. Communist guerrillas, calling for a boycott of India's national elections, were suspected.
    (AP, 4/8/04)
2004        Apr 7, U.S. Marines in a fierce battle for this Sunni Muslim stronghold fired rockets that hit a mosque compound filled with worshippers, and witnesses said as many as 40 people were killed. Shiite-inspired violence spread to nearly all of the country.
    (AP, 4/7/04)
2004        Apr 7, Militiamen loyal to al-Sadr, the radical Shiite cleric, clashed with Polish troops in Karbala, and Muntadhir al-Mussawi, an aide to the cleric, was killed.
    (AP, 4/7/04)
2004        Apr 7, In Iraq 2 German counter-terrorism GSG-9 security agents were ambushed and went missing while on a routine trip from Jordan to Baghdad.
    (AP, 4/10/04)
2004        Apr 7, In Malaysia 3 men armed with firebombs, machetes and an ax attacked Myan-mar's embassy, hacking one senior official and starting a fire that destroyed the building.
    (AP, 4/7/04)
2004        Apr 7, A Moscow court sentenced Russian arms control researcher Igor Sutyagin, a military analyst with the USA and Canada Institute, a respected Moscow-based think-tank, to 15 years on charges of passing information on nuclear submarines and other weapons to a British company that Russia claimed was a CIA cover. Sutyagin insisted on his innocence, saying the information he provided was available from open sources. In 2010 he was released as part of a spy swap with the US.
    (AP, 4/7/04)(AP, 7/9/10)

2005        Apr 7, Pres. Bush met with Premier Berlusconi and Pres. Ciampi one day after viewing the pope’s body at the Vatican.
    (SFC, 4/7/05, p.A13)
2005        Apr 7, In Delaware police arrested Allison L. Norman (22) after he killed 2 people and wounded 4 others during a rampage.
    (SFC, 4/8/05, p.A3)
2005        Apr 7, Montana voted to ban smoking in all public places. Gov. Brian Schweitzer said he would sign the legislation.
    (SFC, 4/8/05, p.A3)
2005        Apr 7, Pfizer Inc. agreed to suspend sales and marketing of its arthritis drug Bextra at the request of US and EU drug regulators, who said the risks outweigh the drug's benefits.
    (AP, 4/7/05)(SFC, 4/8/05, p.A1)
2005        Apr 7, California state prosecutors charged Julie Lee, a top volunteer fund-raiser for former Sec. of State Kevin Shelley, with grand theft and other felonies. In 2008 Lee (62) was found guilty on 5 of 7 charges relating to Shelley’s 2002 campaign, All the charges related to a $500,000 grant for a SF Sunset District community center that was never built. In state court Lee pleaded guilty to 9 counts.
    (SFC, 4/8/05, p.A1)(SFC, 7/12/08, p.A1)(SFC, 7/17/08, p.B1)
2005        Apr 7, Riza Malaj (34), Albania's most wanted man, blew himself up about this time while fishing with dynamite. He lost both hands, badly hurt his eyes and suffered serious wounds all over his body while trying to catch trout.
    (AP, 4/11/05)
2005        Apr 7, Australia’s PM John Howard and Malaysia’s Abdullah Ahmad Badawi announced plans to negotiate a free trade agreement but refused to concede ground on key differences regarding Canberra's role in the region.
    (AP, 4/7/05)
2005        Apr 7, A bomb blast rocked a Cairo bazaar popular with foreigners. An American tourist died the next day from wounds sustained in a bomb blast raising the death toll to three. Hassan Rafaat Ahmed Bashandi (17-18), was carrying almost 7 pounds of TNT in a leather bag filled with nails when it exploded prematurely.
    (AP, 4/8/05)(AP, 4/11/05)
2005        Apr 7, Ibrahim al-Jaafari, a Shiite, was named Iraq's interim prime minister; Kurdish leader Jalal Talabani was sworn in as interim president.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2005        Apr 7, The Irish Republican Army said it will consider an appeal by Sinn Fein party chief Gerry Adams to renounce violence, a long-elusive goal in Northern Ireland peacemaking.
    (AP, 4/7/05)
2005        Apr 7, Mexico City's leftist mayor formally declared his intention to run for president next year even as Congress was to decide whether he should face criminal charges for allegedly disobeying a court order in a land-use case.
    (AP, 4/8/05)
2005        Apr 7, Passengers on historic bus trips between the Pakistani and Indian portions of Kashmir crossed a bridge spanning the de facto border, voyages both sides hope will lead to lasting peace on the subcontinent. Kashmiris walked across the “Peace Bridge,” on the Line of Control between India and Pakistan.
    (AP, 4/7/05)(SFC, 4/8/05, p.A3)
2005        Apr 7, President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe defied a European Union travel ban and arrived in Rome to join world leaders attending Pope John Paul II's funeral. Italy has a pact with the Vatican in which it does not interfere with people transiting the country to see the pope.
    (AP, 4/7/05)

2006        Apr 7, The US Court of International Law ruled that US Customs violated a provision of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in applying a law known as the Byrd amendment to antidumping and countervailing duties on goods from Canada and Mexico.
    (Reuters, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, Republican leaders called on Rep. Alan Mollohan, D-W.Va., to step down from his ranking post on the House ethics committee because of allegations that he provided legisla-tive earmarks benefiting companies and individuals who helped make him a millionaire.
    (SFC, 4/8/06, p.A4)
2006        Apr 7, Dena Schlosser, charged with murder for cutting off her baby daughter Marga-ret's arms in what her lawyers portrayed as a religious frenzy, was found not guilty by reason of insanity by a judge in McKinney, Texas.
    (AP, 4/7/07)
2006        Apr 7, In Tennessee 10 people were killed as tornadoes hit the area for the 2nd time in a week.
    (AP, 4/8/06)
2006        Apr 7, It was reported that scientists at MIT had harnessed a replicating virus, that binds to gold and cobalt oxide, to create a nanotechnology battery.
    (WSJ, 4/7/06, p.B2)
2006        Apr 7, In southern Algeria gunmen attacked a convoy of customs agents traveling through the desert, killing 13 and wounding eight others.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, Australian PM John Howard moved to ease Indonesian outrage over a decision to grant visas to asylum-seekers from Papua, saying his government would review the process.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, In Austria a 2-day meeting began in Vienna for European Imams aimed at creat-ing a distinct identity for European Muslims.
    (SFC, 4/7/06, p.A16)
2006        Apr 7, A British judge ruled that author Dan Brown did not steal ideas for "The Da Vinci Code" from a nonfiction work.
    (AP, 4/7/07)
2006        Apr 7, Britain’s BAE Systems announced plans to sell its stake in aircraft maker Airbus to its French-German partner EADS.
    (AFP, 4/8/06)
2006        Apr 7, In Chile an appeals court upheld the indictment of former dictator Gen. Pinochet on charges of evading up to $3 million in taxes related to secret accounts in foreign banks.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, The EU said it has cut off direct aid payments to the Hamas-led Palestinian gov-ernment because of its refusal to renounce violence and recognize Israel.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, A bus skidded off a narrow mountain road and plunged into a river in a remote region of Indian Kashmir and dozens were feared dead.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, A toned-down edition of Playboy magazine went on sale in Indonesia, defying threats of protests by Islamic hardliners in the world's most populous Muslim nation.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, At least 2 suicide attackers, one wearing a woman's cloaks, blew themselves up at the Buratha Shiite mosque in northern Baghdad, killing some 79-90 people and wounding scores. One US service member died of wounds suffered while on patrol in western Baghdad.
    (AP, 4/7/06)(AP, 4/8/06)(Econ, 4/22/06, p.48)
2006        Apr 7, Israeli troops shot and killed a Palestinian man during an overnight arrest raid in the West Bank city of Nablus.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, Israeli missiles slammed into a car in Gaza City, killing two members of a Pales-tinian rocket squad in the 2nd deadly airstrike since the Islamic militant group Hamas assumed power last week. An Israeli airstrike killed six Palestinian militants and wounded five at a militant training camp in central Gaza.
    (AP, 4/8/06)(SFC, 4/8/06, p.A7)
2006        Apr 7, Japan’s health and welfare ministry said the nation’s population shrank in the year through November 2005, the first annual decrease on record, confirming an earlier gov-ernment prediction.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, In Nepal police fired tear gas and fought frenzied street battles with protesters on the second day of a strike called by government adversaries of King Gyanendra. Protesters said 150 people were arrested.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, It was reported that some AIDS patients in South Africa were choosing cash dis-ability grants over advanced AIDS drugs in order to sustain their families.
    (WSJ, 4/7/06, p.A1)
2006        Apr 7, In Turkey a suicide bomber blew herself up injuring 2 people, including a sus-pected accomplice. Turkish forces killed 6 Kurdish rebels in Sirnak.
    (WSJ, 4/8/06, p.A1)(AP, 4/8/06)
2006        Apr 7, The UN appealed for $426 million to help victims of drought in Horn of Africa, where more than 40 percent of people are undernourished and thousands have died because of complications due to hunger.
    (AP, 4/7/06)
2006        Apr 7, Venezuela Attorney General Isaias Rodriguez said that five suspects were being charged with willful homicide in the slayings of the 3 Faddoul brothers, whose bodies were found April 4. Supporters of President Hugo Chavez pelted the car of the US ambassador with eggs and tomatoes, then chased after his convoy on motorcycles.
    (AP, 4/7/06)(AP, 4/8/06)

2007        Apr 7, The New York Times reported in its Sunday edition that the Bush administration in January allowed Ethiopia to complete a secret arms purchase from North Korea in an appar-ent violation of a UN Security Council sanctions resolution passed months earlier over its nu-clear test.
    (Reuters, 4/7/07)
2007        Apr 7, Thousands of people marched through downtown Los Angeles, demanding a way for the country's estimated 12 million illegal immigrants to become citizens and condemning President Bush's latest proposal.
    (AP, 4/8/07)
2007        Apr 7, It was reported that Ray Irani, Occidental Petroleum Corp.'s chairman and chief executive, took in more than $400 million in compensation in 2006, one of the biggest single-year payouts in US corporate history.
    (Reuters, 4/7/07)
2007        Apr 7, The sport salmon fishing season opened in California.
    (SSFC, 4/8/07, p.A1)
2007        Apr 7, In Oregon 15 libraries in Jackson were due to close following the loss of $7 mil-lion in federal funding.
    (SSFC, 3/4/07, p.A1)
2007        Apr 7, It was reported that injections of Mycobacterium vaccae into mice caused their immune systems to produce serotonin. This neurotransmitter, when low in humans, was known to be related to depression.
    (Econ, 4/7/07, p.79)
2007        Apr 7, Johnny Hart (76), creator of the B.C. comic strip (1958), died at his home in Endi-cott, NY. He and Brant Parker created the “Wizard of Id” strip.
    (SFC, 4/9/07, p.B3)
2007        Apr 7, Actor Barry Nelson (b.1917) died in Bucks County, Pa. He was the first actor to portray Ian Fleming's secret agent James Bond in a 1954 TV adoption of Casino Royale.
    (SFC, 4/16/07, p.B8)(AP, 4/7/08)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Nelson)
2007        Apr 7, In southwestern Afghanistan suspected Taliban militants ambushed Afghan workers of an American de-mining company, leaving seven people dead and four wounded. Of-ficials said more than 1,000 NATO and Afghan troops clashed with Taliban and took over con-trol of Sangin, a district center in southern Afghanistan long held by the militants.
    (AP, 4/7/07)
2007        Apr 7, Suspected Islamist militants opened fire on a military patrol in northwestern Alge-ria, starting a gunbattle that left nine soldiers and six attackers dead.
    (AP, 4/8/07)
2007        Apr 7, In Brazil Martin Strel, a 52-year-old Slovenian, completed a 3,272 swim down the Amazon River that could set a world record for distance. In 2000, he completed an 1,866-mile swim along the Danube. He broke that record two years later after swimming 2,360 miles down the Mississippi. In 2004 he broke it again by swimming 2,487 miles along the Yangtze river in China.
    (AP, 4/8/07)
2007        Apr 7, In India a jeep carrying a gelatin-based explosive used for a highway construction project exploded in a southern village, killing 16 people and injuring 22 more.
    (AP, 4/7/07)
2007        Apr 7, US warplanes attacked suspected militiamen wielding shoulder-fired rockets in the second day of fierce fighting against Shiite gunmen south of Baghdad. At least one civilian was killed and five were seriously wounded when an American tank fired on their house in Di-waniyah. Iraqi troops killed Abu Baraa al-Libi, a Libyan al-Qaida figure, in a raid on his Baghdad hideout just before the man could detonate an explosives belt he was wearing. US forces also killed one suspect and captured 8 others in raids in Baghdad and south of Ramadi. A roadside bomb exploded next to a joint American-Iraqi army patrol on a highway leading into Annah, 175 miles northwest of Baghdad. Two Iraqi soldiers were killed and two were wounded. Police in Fallujah reported finding four bodies in the center of the city. Four American soldiers were killed in an explosion near their vehicle in Diyala province northeast of Baghdad. Duaa Khalil Aswad (17), a member of the insular Yazidi religious sect, was stoned to death for loving a Sunni Mus-lim boy [see April 22].
    (AP, 4/7/07)(AP, 4/8/07)(SFC, 5/22/07, p.A8)
2007        Apr 7, An Israeli helicopter launched an airstrike along the Gaza Strip's border with Is-rael, killing a Palestinian militant and wounding two others.
    (AP, 4/7/07)
2007        Apr 7, The 17-year insurgency in Kashmir continued with an average of 3 lives lost every day. India had an estimated 600,000 soldiers and paramilitary police stationed in Jammu & Kashmir state.
    (Econ, 4/7/07, p.14)
2007        Apr 7, Emergency officials said 247 dead seals have washed up on the shores of the Caspian Sea in Kazakhstan in the past week.
    (AP, 4/7/07)
2007        Apr 7, Libya’s foreign-exchange reserves were estimated at $56 billion. The population was reported to be about 5.6 million.
    (Econ, 4/7/07, p.46)
2007        Apr 7, Malaysian ministers issued fresh attacks on bloggers, threatening to take away their rights and accusing them of trying to overthrow the government, according to reports.
    (AFP, 4/7/07)
2007        Apr 7, In northern Pakistan some 40 people were killed and more than 70 injured in 2 days of sectarian clashes between Sunni and Shiite Muslims in Kurram.
    (AFP, 4/7/07)(Econ, 4/14/07, p.43)
2007        Apr 7, In the southern Philippines 9 soldiers and a civilian were killed in a clash in a small army camp in Jolo island’s Parang town.
    (AP, 4/8/07)
2007        Apr 7, A Russian rocket carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word roared into the night skies over Kazakhstan, sending Charles Simonyi and two cosmo-nauts soaring into orbit on a two-day journey to the international space station.
    (AP, 4/7/07)
2007        Apr 7, A roadside bomb tore through a civilian bus in northern Sri Lanka, killing seven people and wounding 26. The army blamed Tamil Tiger rebels for the attack.
    (AP, 4/7/07)
2007        Apr 7, Thousands of supporters of Ukrainian PM Viktor Yanukovych rallied for a fifth day in the streets of Kiev, calling for stability amid a political crisis over the president's dissolution of parliament.
    (AP, 4/7/07)
2007        Apr 7, Yemeni police arrested three men suspected of setting fire to a mosque and wounding at least 33 people.
    (AP, 4/7/07)

2008        Apr 7, The Washington Post won 6 Pulitzer Prizes, the most in its history. Junot Diaz won the fiction award for “The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao.” Tracy Letts won the drama award for “August: Osage County.” Bob Dylan won a special citation for his life’s work.
    (SFC, 4/8/08, p.A8)
2008        Apr 7, In North Carolina Thomas Wright, a former state lawmaker, was convicted of mishandling charitable contributions and fraudulently obtaining a loan. He was sentenced to 6-8 years in prison.
    (WSJ, 4/8/08, p.A2)
2008        Apr 7, In Ohio 9 mortgage lenders agreed to modify adjustable-rate mortgages for bor-rowers facing foreclosure. In Pennsylvania mortgage companies and consumer advocates opened talks to help cash-strapped homeowners avoid foreclosure. Last week Maryland’s Gov. signed a measure creating a 150-day moratorium on foreclosures.
    (WSJ, 4/8/08, p.A4)
2008        Apr 7, Samuel (b.1913) Frankel, Detroit area developer and philanthropist, died. In the 1960s Frankel collaborated with Harry Cunningham to create the discount-store concept, build-ing the first Kmart store. In 1969, he developed Somerset Mall. In 2005 he and his wife Jean provided a $20 million endowment to establish the Frankel Institute for Advanced Judaic Stud-ies at the University of Michigan.
    (www.lsa.umich.edu/judaic/html/history_goals_3_2.htm)(http://tinyurl.com/5srvs6)
2008        Apr 7, In southern Afghanistan, militants attacked a police convoy in Uruzgan province, and the ensuing clash left 13 insurgents dead and five wounded. In the western province of Herat, Taliban militants attacked a checkpoint in Shindand district, killing two police officers and wounding another.
    (AP, 4/8/08)
2008        Apr 7, In Australia 5 teenage boys armed with machetes and baseball bats invaded a Sydney high school, smashing classrooms and injuring 18 students and a teacher.
    (AFP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, In London a coroner's jury decided that Diana and Dodi Fayed were unlawfully killed due to reckless speed and drinking by their driver, and by the reckless pursuit of vehicles chasing them, not as part of a murder conspiracy.
    (AP, 4/8/08)
2008        Apr 7, In London Oleg Gordievsky, a double agent who became the most senior Soviet spy to defect to the West during the Cold War, said that he became sick after taking the pills at his home in southern England on Oct. 31.
    (AP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, In Bulgaria gunmen killed Georgy Stoyev, the country’s best-known author of books on the mafia. The night before, Borislav Georgiev, the chief executive of a large energy company, was killed in his apartment building with two bullets to the head.
    (http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iOiGGOjL2rCkZuEhCa9kkLtaA5LA)
2008        Apr 7, China’s official Xinhua News Agency said Zhang Rongkun, a Shanghai tycoon, has been sentenced to 19 years in prison in a pension funds scandal that toppled the city's communist party chief.
    (AP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, China and New Zealand signed a free-trade agreement effective October 1.
    (www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2008-04/07/content_6596491.htm)(WSJ, 4/8/08, p.A14)
2008        Apr 7, A Chinese fishing boat capsized after colliding with a South Korean cargo ship off South Korea's southernmost island, leaving six Chinese sailors missing.
    (AP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, The Muslim Brotherhood, Egypt's largest opposition force, called on Egyptians to boycott local council elections due on Tuesday in protest at the disqualification of most of its candidates.
    (Reuters, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, The EU opened the way for air travelers to use mobile phones to talk, text or send e-mails on planes throughout Europe's airspace.
    (AP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, Security officials extinguished the Olympic torch three times as protests against China's human rights record turned a relay through Paris into a chaotic series of stops and starts. France's former sports minister, Jean-Francois Lamour, said that though the torch had been put out, the Olympic flame itself still burned in the lantern where it is kept overnight and on airplane flights.
    (AP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, In Haiti protesters angered by high food prices flooded the streets of Port-au-Prince, forcing businesses and schools to close as unrest spread from the countryside. Wit-nesses said at least one person was killed by hotel security guards during a protest in the southern city of Les Cayes.
    (AP, 4/8/08)
2008        Apr 7, Iraq’s prime minister issued his strongest warning yet to radical Shiite cleric Mu-qtada al-Sadr to disband his Mahdi Army militia or face political isolation. The Sadrists said a move to ban them from elections would be unconstitutional. Hospital officials said nine more people were killed, including five children and two women, and dozens wounded as gunbattles continued. That pushed the two-day death toll to at least 25.
    (AP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas resumed face-to-face negotiations, trying to push forward peace efforts after nearly two months marred by heavy Gaza Strip violence and new Israeli plans to expand settlements.
    (AP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, Italian police arrested 38 suspects in a sweep against a clan of the 'ndrangheta organized crime syndicate accused of murder, extortion and arms and drug trafficking.
    (AP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, Kosovo’s leaders signed the country’s new Constitution.
    (SFC, 4/8/08, p.A3)
2008        Apr 7, In Morocco 9 Islamists serving long sentences for the deadly 2003 Casablanca bombings escaped from Kenitra prison, north of Rabat. In January, 2009, Hicham Alami one of the escapees who had been sentenced to life, was captured in Algeria and returned to Mo-rocco.
    (AFP, 4/7/08)(AP, 1/9/09)
2008        Apr 7, Nepal was rocked by two bombings, the latest violence to hit campaigning for this week's vote on the country's political future following a peace deal with Maoist rebels.
    (AFP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, Spanish officials said 2 people in Spain have died of the human variant of mad cow disease, in the first such fatalities since 2005. The two new victims apparently contracted the disease prior to 2001 and health controls on livestock and meat production are much tighter now than they were then. Spain has reported more than 700 cases of mad cow disease since it was first detected in this country in 2000.
    (AP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, Switzerland's Novartis AG said it will spend about $39 billion in a two-step bid for a majority stake in U.S. eye-care company Alcon.
    (AP, 4/7/08)
2008        Apr 7, It was reported that Thailand’s market bubble in religious talismans had popped leaving many small business people in debt. The market in Jatukam Ramathep amulets had swelled to $1.5 billion in 2007.
    (WSJ, 4/7/08, p.A1)
2008        Apr 7, In Yemen 7 people were arrested on suspicion of involvement in attacks the pre-vious day against a residential complex for Westerners in San’a, Yemen's capital.
    (AP, 4/8/08)
2008        Apr 7, Zimbabwe authorities released Barry Bearak, a NY Times journalist, along with an unidentified British citizen. They had been accused of reporting without official accreditation.
    (WSJ, 4/8/08, p.A10)

2009        Apr 7, US military leaders said the Pentagon has spent over $100 million in the past 6 months responding to and repairing damage from cyber attacks and other computer network problems.
    (SFC, 4/8/09, p.C3)
2009        Apr 7, In Alabama authorities found the body of Kevin Lee Garner (45) near his burned home in Priceville. The home had burned overnight. Garner's body was found following a day of searching for him in several north Alabama counties following the murders of four of his family members in the Greenhill community of Lauderdale County.
    (http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090408/ap_on_re_us/alabama_four_dead)(SFC, 4/8/09, p.A5)
2009        Apr 7, In southern California a gunman in Temecula opened fire at a Korean Christian retreat center, leaving one woman dead and four people injured.
    (AP, 4/8/09)
2009        Apr 7, A lawsuit filed in US District Court in Denver by the SEC alleged that Shawn Merriman, an unlicensed broker, collected up to $20 million from investors in several states to support a lavish lifestyle. The former bishop in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints allegedly operated a Ponzi scheme from his suburban Denver home for about 15 years, bilking investors out of millions of dollars to collect religious art and classic cars.
    (AP, 4/9/09)
2009        Apr 7, In Texas Jon Dale Jones (46), a former Army hospital nurse, pleaded guilty to assault and theft. He was accused of infecting 15 patients with hepatitis C. Jones was arrested on federal charges in March of 2008 for using dirty needles to administer anesthesia, and ac-cused of stealing painkillers for himself.
    (SFC, 4/8/09, p.A5)(www.mahalo.com/Jon_Dale_Jones)
2009        Apr 7, Vermont became the first state to legalize same sex marriage through a legisla-ture’s vote.
    (SFC, 4/8/09, p.A5)
2009        Apr 7, GM and Segway announced that they are working together to develop a two-wheeled, two-seat electric vehicle designed to be a fast, safe, inexpensive and clean alternative to traditional cars and trucks for cities across the world. The project was called P.U.M.A. (Per-sonal Urban Mobility and Accessibility).
    (AP, 4/7/09)(WSJ, 4/8/09, p.B4)
2009        Apr 7, Samuel Beer, Harvard professor (1946-1982), died. His books included “British Politics in the Collectivist Age” (1965), which established him as the foremost scholar on mod-ern British politics.
    (Econ, 5/2/09, p.88)
2009        Apr 7, Jack Wrangler (b.1946 as John Robert Stillman), porn star and musical theater producer, died in Manhattan. He appeared in over 30 gay sex films and 20 straight films includ-ing “The Devil in Miss Jones” (1982).
    (SFC, 4/10/09, p.B5)
2009        Apr 7, Australia announced plans to build a 30 billion US dollar broadband network, its biggest infrastructure project ever, opting to retain government control rather than contract out the deal.
    (AFP, 4/7/09)
2009        Apr 7, Cuba’s President Raul Castro met with six visiting members of the Congressional Black Caucus for more than four hours, his first face-to-face discussions with US leaders since he became president last year. A "very healthy, very energetic" Fidel Castro asked visiting Congressional Black Caucus members what Cuba could do to help President Barack Obama improve bilateral relations during his first meeting with US officials since falling ill in 2006.
    (AP, 4/7/09)(AP, 4/8/09)
2009        Apr 7, Ethiopia, the world's sixth largest coffee producer, said it did not intend to nation-alize the coffee sector after revoking licenses of six exporters for hoarding the beans. PM Meles Zenawi had warned the exporters against hoarding coffee, accusing them of speculation in the world markets.
    (AP, 4/7/09)
2009        Apr 7, A man opened fire at a courthouse in Bavaria, killing his sister-in-law and injuring two other people. He then shot himself dead. The incident appeared to stem from a long-running inheritance dispute.
    (AP, 4/7/09)
2009        Apr 7, President Barack Obama flew into Iraq from Turkey on a trip shrouded in se-crecy, for a brief look at a war he opposed as a candidate and now vows to end as commander in chief. A car bomb in a Shiite neighborhood of Baghdad killed at least nine people and wounded 18 others. A suicide car bomb killed three people at a police checkpoint in Fallujah. In Iskandariyah police found the bullet-riddled body a member of the Awakening Council, a group of former Sunni insurgents who sided with the US in the fight against al-Qaida in Iraq. The councilman was kidnapped a day earlier. A car bombing in Kazimiyah killed nine people, includ-ing a mother who was riding in a taxi with her infant son.
    (AP, 4/7/09)(AP, 4/8/09)
2009        Apr 7, Israeli police fatally shot a Palestinian motorist as he tried to run over officers guarding the demolition of the home of a militant who killed three Israelis with a construction vehicle in July.
    (AP, 4/7/09)
2009        Apr 7, In Moldova anti-communist protesters stormed the Parliament, hurling computers through shattered windows and setting fire to furniture in a violent demonstration against what they said were fraudulent elections. 3 people were left dead and hundreds were detained.
    (AP, 4/7/09)(Econ, 8/8/09, p.46)
2009        Apr 7, In southern Pakistan police arrested five men alleged to be planning suicide at-tacks on the city of Karachi.
    (AP, 4/8/09)
2009        Apr 7, Former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori (70) was found guilty of murder and kidnapping for death squad activities during his 10-year rule during the 1990s. He was sen-tenced to 25 years in prison. His daughter, Congresswoman Keiko Fujimori (33), said people's outrage over the "vengeful" verdict will propel her to Peru's presidency in 2011. Then she'll par-don him.
    (AP, 4/7/09)
2009        Apr 7, Saudi authorities beheaded 3 Pakistanis convicted of killing a fellow Pakistani during a jewelry heist. This brought to 20 the number of beheadings in the kingdom this year.
    (AP, 4/7/09)
2009        Apr 7, In South Korea former Pres. Roh Moo-hyun announced that his wife had received money from Park Yeon-cha, chairman of Taekwang Industrial Co., a shoe manufacturer, sev-eral hours following the arrest of Chung Sangmoon, a former aide who had accepted the money for the president’s wife.
    for the president’s wife.
    (WSJ, 4/8/09, p.A8)
2009        Apr 7, In Thailand protesters surrounded the prime minister's car and smashed a win-dow as he rode in it, escalating tensions a day before a massive anti-government rally that the leader said has sparked concerns of civil war.
    (AP, 4/7/09)
2009        Apr 7, In Turkey Pres. Obama wrapped up his first European trip as president with a re-quest of the world: Look past his nation's stereotypes and flaws. "You will find a partner and a supporter and a friend in the United States of America."
    (AP, 4/7/09)
2009        Apr 7, UNESCO awarded the World Press Freedom Prize to Lasantha Wickrematunge, a murdered Sri Lankan journalist, whose self-written obituary accused the government of silenc-ing him. His self-written obituary was published three days after his murder in early January, in which no arrests have been made.
    (AP, 4/7/09)
2009        Apr 7, In Venezuela legislators loyal to President Hugo Chavez approved a new law that erodes the authority of Caracas' opposition Mayor Antonio Ledezma by subordinating him to a government-appointed official.
    (AP, 4/7/09)

2010        Apr 7, An Emeryville, Ca., drug analysis laboratory was raided as part of 3-year DEA investigation dubbed “Operation Lude Behavior.” 3 men at the lab were among 22 charged in a nationwide Quaalude trafficking ring.
    (SFC, 4/9/10, p.C5)
2010        Apr 7, Afghan and foreign troops killed several insurgents during an operation to capture a senior Taliban commander suspected of providing materials used in making roadside bombs. 2 insurgents were captured during the operation in Helmand province's Kajaki Sofla.
    (AP, 4/9/10)
2010        Apr 7, Bangladesh deployed the army to guard water pumps in the capital Dhaka after acute shortages triggered widespread protests.
    (AP, 4/7/10)
2010        Apr 7, In Brazil rains kept pummeling Rio de Janeiro as officials scrambled to restore transit after at least 96 people were killed by landslides and floods.
    (Reuters, 4/7/10)
2010        Apr 7, China and India signed an agreement to set up a hot line linking their top leaders.
    (AP, 4/7/10)
2010        Apr 7, Innovation for the Development and Protection of the Environment (IDPE) said that from March 3-28 Congo government troops killed 7 hippos and 5 elephants as well as five antelopes, four baboons, three chimpanzees and two buffalo in Virunga national Park, a UNESCO world heritage. The soldiers "use their wives and cousins to sell the meat" in villages near the park, the IDPE said in a report that included photos of decomposing elephant car-casses.
    (AFP, 4/8/10)
2010        Apr 7, Auto giants Renault, Nissan and Daimler launched a partnership to save billions of euros and accelerate sales of low-pollution electric cars.
    (AP, 4/7/10)
2010        Apr 7, In Indonesia a magnitude 7.7 earthquake shook Indonesia's northwest island of Sumatra, triggering a small tsunami, snapping power lines and sending panicked residents rushing for higher ground.
    (AP, 4/7/10) 
2010        Apr 7, In Iraq spokesman Salah al-Obeidi announced that a survey of supporters of anti-American cleric Muqtada al-Sadr voted 24% for him to support Shiite politician Ibrahim al-Jaafari, who was interim prime minister from 2005 to 2006. Iraq's incumbent PM Nouri al-Maliki and his chief rival Ayad Allawi received only 10% and 9% of votes respectively. In northern Iraq 2 American soldiers died in combat while conducting a patrol.
    (AP, 4/7/10)(AP, 4/8/10)
2010        Apr 7, Israel’s police said 6 Israelis have been detained on suspicion of running an in-ternational organ trafficking ring and breaking promises to donors to pay for their removed kid-neys.
    (AP, 4/7/10)
2010        Apr 7, In Kyrgyzstan anti-government unrest rocked Bishkek as thousands of protesters stormed the main government building, set fire to the prosecutor's office and looted state TV headquarters. At least 83 people were killed and some 1500 injured in clashes nationwide.
    (AP, 4/7/10)(AP, 4/8/10)(Econ, 4/17/10, p.46)
2010        Apr 7, In Mexico police in the border state of Nuevo Leon found the bodies of a police chief and two police officers who had been kidnapped a day earlier. In the central state of More-los, gunmen attacked the offices of federal prosecutors in the city of Cuernavaca, killing a guard. A bystander was killed during a shootout between gunmen and federal police in the town of Frontera Comalapa, Chiapas state, on the Guatemalan border.
    (AP, 4/8/10)
2010        Apr 7, In northwestern Pakistan militants attached a bomb to a tanker carrying fuel to NATO forces in Afghanistan, destroying the vehicle and killing a boy who was riding in a van behind it.
    (AP, 4/7/10)
2010        Apr 7, Somali pirates off the coast of Kenya hijacked the MV Yasin C, a Turkish vessel with 25 crew onboard, the day after a hostage drowned during a separate encounter between naval forces and a pirated vessel. The crew locked themselves in the engine room and realized that the pirates had left the ship on April 9.
    (AP, 4/7/10)(AP, 4/10/10)
2010        Apr 7, South Africa's governing party said it has asked all its wings to stop singing con-troversial songs including one with lyrics that encourage people to shoot white farmers which some blame for the slaying of a white supremacist leader.
    (AP, 4/7/10) 
2010        Apr 7, In Spain Baltasar Garzon (54), the judge who became an international hero by going after Augusto Pinochet and Osama bin Laden, was indicted for having dared to investi-gate what is arguably Spain's own biggest unresolved case: atrocities committed during and af-ter its ruinous Civil War.
    (AP, 4/7/10)
2010        Apr 7, In Switzerland the Solar Impulse aircraft, a pioneering Swiss bid to fly around the world on solar energy, successfully completed its first test flight.
    (AFP, 4/7/10)
2010        Apr 7, Thai PM Abhisit Vejjajiva declared a state of emergency in Bangkok, handing the army broad powers to restore order after anti-government protesters broke into Parliament, forcing some lawmakers to flee by helicopter.
    (AP, 4/7/10)

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